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Contributions of the American Entomological Institute Catalog of Systematic Literature of the Superfamily Ceraphronoidea

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Contributions of the American Entomological Institute Catalog of Systematic Literature of the Superfamily Ceraphronoidea CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE AMERICAN ENTOMOLOGICAL INSTITUTE Volume 33, Number 2 CATALOG OF SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE OF THE SUPERFAMILY CERAPHRONOIDEA (HYMENOPTERA) by Norman F. Johnson and Luciana Musetti Department of Entomology Museum of Biological Diversity The Ohio State University 1315 Kinnear Road Columbus, OH 43212-1192, USA The American Entomological Institute 3005 SW 56th Avenue Gainesville, FL 32608-5047 2004 ISSN: 0569-4450 Copyright © 2004 by The American Entomological Institute Table of Contents Abstract 5 Introduction 5 CERAPHRONOIDEA 8 CERAPHRONIDAE 9 Abacoceraphron Dessart 10 Aphanogmus Thomson 10 Ceraphron Jurine 24 Cyoceraphron Dessart 45 Donadiola Dessart 46 Ecitonetes Brues 46 Elysoceraphron Szelenyi 47 Gnathoceraphron Dessart & Bin 47 Homaloceraphron Dessart & Masner 47 Kenitoceraphron Dessart 48 Microceraphron Szelenyi 48 Pteroceraphron Dessart 48 Retasus Dessart 49 Synarsis Forster 49 MEGASPILIDAE 50 Lagynodinae 51 Aetholagynodes Dessart 51 Archisynarsis Szabo 51 Holophleps Kozlov 51 Lagynodes Forster 52 Prolagynodes Alekseev & Rasnitsyn 58 Typhlolagynodes Dessart 58 Megaspilinae 58 Conostigmus Dahlbom 59 Creator Alekseev 83 Dendrocerus Ratzeburg 83 Megaspilus Westwood 106 Platyceraphron Kieffer 110 Trassedia Cancemi Ill Trichosteresis Forster Ill Megaspilidae of Uncertain Position 114 STIGMAPHRONIDAE 114 Allocotidus Muesebeck 114 Aphrostigmon Rasnitsyn 114 Elasmomorpha Kozlov 115 Hippocoon Kozlov 115 Stigmaphron Kozlov 115 Collection Codens 116 Literature Cited 117 Index 135 CATALOG OF SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE OF THE SUPERFAMILY CERAPHRONOIDEA (HYMENOPTERA) Norman F. Johnson and Luciana Musetti Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University Columbus, OH 43212-1192 Abstract: The systematic literature through September, 2003 is summarized for the superfamily Ceraphronoidea, comprising the families Ceraphronidae 90 (302 species), Megaspilidae 91 (301 species), and the extinct Stigmaphronidae 7678 (7 species). Aphanogmus sagena new name is proposed as a replacement name for A. reticulums (Parr, 1960), preoccupied by Aphanogmus reticulatus (Fouts, 1934); and Dendrocerus kurandae new name for Megaspilus australicus Dodd, 1914, proposed simultaneously with Lygocerus australicus Dodd, 1914. INTRODUCTION The superfamily Ceraphronoidea comprises three small families of parasitoid wasps, Ceraphronidae, Megaspilidae, and Stigmaphronidae. These traditionally were placed in the Proctotrupoidea sensu lato, a polyphyletic grouping, until Masner & Dessart (1967) formally removed them and characterized a separate superfamily. The species in this group are unique among Apocrita in possessing two fore tibial spurs, a plesiomorphic feature in Hymenoptera as a whole. The remaining Apocrita and its sister group, the family Orussidae, have only a single fore tibial spur; therefore the present interpretation is that the paired spurs of ceraphronoids represent a reversal of character state. Rasnitsyn (1980) placed the superfamily in the infraorder Evaniomorpha, together with the extant families Trigonalidae, Evaniidae, Aulacidae, Gasteruptiidae, Stephanidae, and Megalyridae. All of these groups probably lie somewhere at the base of Apocrita, although the relationships are still uncertain (see, e.g., Whitfield 1992, Dowton et al. 1997, Ronquist et al. 1999, Sharkey & Roy 2002). Modem ceraphronoids are found in all maj or biogeographical realms and can be fairly common. The family Ceraphronidae includes 302 species recognized as valid in 14 genera (379 species group taxa described); 3 01 species and 13 genera of Megaspilidae are currently known (with 497 described species group taxa). The extinct Stigmaphronidae include only 5 genera and 7 species. The fossil record of the superfamily dates back to the Cretaceous. Eighty-three authors have been involved in the description of species of ceraphronoids, but two- thirds of the total number of species were described by just five individuals: Jean-Jacques Kieffer (28.9%), Paul Dessart (17.2%), Alan P. Dodd (8.9%), William H. Ashmead (7.4%), and C G. Thomson (4.5%). The relative contributions of Kieffer and Dessart suggested by these numbers are misleading though, because much of Dessart's work was expended in the clarification of the concepts proposed by earlier authors, in particular, Kieffer himself. Ceraphronoidea attack a wide variety of arthropod hosts, and it is difficult to discern a pattern in their biology. Dessart (1995e) characterized ceraphronids as attacking (a) hosts living in "weak concealment" and (b) prepupae of other hymenopteran parasitoids. Recorded hosts of Ceraphronidae include species in the insect orders Diptera, Hymenoptera, Hemiptera (Homoptera), Neuroptera, andThysanoptera. The species of the family Megaspilidae are generally ectoparasitoids attacking cocoons and puparia, primarily Diptera, but also including Hymenoptera (as hyperparasitoids), Neuroptera, Coleoptera, and Mecoptera (Dessart 1995f). We have taken only two intentional formal nomenclatorial actions in these pages, the proposal of replacement names for two junior homonyms, and have tried to follow the general opinion of ceraphronoid workers, as best we can determine it, in cases of conflict. The status of the genus Basoko Risbec is in some small dispute; we treat it as a junior synonym of Dendrocerus Ratzeburg 6 Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 33(2) following Fergusson (1980) and Dessart (1999). Dessart (1996b) treated the name Isostasis as a genus which was validly, if unintentionally, described by Provancher (1887). It seems clear to us that Provancher was merely providing a diagnosis of the genus Isostasius Forster (a genus of Platygastridae), misspelled the name, and, working solely from the literature, cited characters that are incompatible with Forster's concept. We have not adopted Dessart's position, reasoning that the mistaken attribution of character states to a described taxon should not be considered to be the implicit description of a new taxon. To follow that course would lead to the adoption of untold numbers of junior homonyms! The format of this catalog follows Johnson (1992). Only works treating the systematics of Ceraphronoidea have been included. Our literature survey was completed in August, 2003. The original publication of species-group names (i.e., including replacement names for junior homonyms) are indicated by a marginal asterisk. Within families and subfamilies the genera and species are listed in alphabetical order. All references are collated at the end of the catalog. The four letter codens for primary type depositories follow, where possible, Arnett et al. (1993) and are also summarized after the listing of taxa. The distribution within major biogeographical realms recorded in the literature we have reviewed is indicated by the abbreviations AF (Afrotropical), AU (Australasian and Oceanian), F (fossil), NA (Nearctic), NO (Neotropical), OR (Oriental), and PA (Palearctic) following the species name. In the table below presents the number of species in each biogeographical realm by taxon. The summary probably better represents the disparity in collecting effort rather than real faunal differences among the regions of the world. We wish to thank the many people of the Ohio State University Library system, in particular the staffs of the Biological Sciences Pharmacy Library and the Interlibrary Loan Department. This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. DEB-9521648. Finally, we dedicate this work to the memory of our colleague, Paul Dessart. His work on the superfamily Ceraphronoidea over a period of more than 38 years were characterized by detailed morphological observations, careful reading and interpretation of the literature, sincere respect for the contributions of others, and a writing style that was refreshing for its candor and sense of humor. The corpus of his published works will stand as an eloquent example of scholarship for all taxonomists. Johnson & Musetti: Catalog of Ceraphronoidea 7 i Taxon NA NO PA AF OR AU F CERAPHRONOIDEA 122 34 259 76 57 91 18 CERAPHRONIDAE 51 16 110 49 33 56 2 Abacoceraphron - - - - 1 - - Aphanogmus 15 3 51 13 10 7 1 Ceraphron 30 13 50 27 19 49 1 Cyoceraphron - - - 5 2 - - Donadiola - - - - 1 - - Ecitonetes 1 - - - — — - Elysoceraphron - - 1 - - - - Gnathoceraphron - - - 2 - - - Homaloceraphron 3 - - - - - - Kenitoceraphron - - 1 - - - - Microceraphron - - 1 - - - - Pteroceraphron 1 - - - - - - Retasus - - - 1 - - - Synarsis 1 - 6 1 - - - MEGASPILIDAE 71 18 149 27 24 35 9 Lagynodinae 5 5 8 1 1 8 4 Aetholagynodes - - - - - 1 - Archisynarsis - - 1 - - - - Holophleps 1 - 1 - - - - Lagynodes 4 5 6 1 1 7 3 Prolagynodes - - - - - - 1 Typhlolagynodes - - 1 - - - - Megaspillnae 66 13 141 26 23 27 5 Conostigmus 32 2 97 13 8 12 4 Creator - - 1 - - - - Dendrocerus 29 10 37 11 15 15 1 Megaspilus 2 - 2 - - - - Platyceraphron 2 - 2 - - - - Trassedia - - - 1 - - - - - — Trichosteresis -1 -1 -2 -1 STIGMAPHRONIDAE _ — 7 Allocotidus - - - - - - 1 Aphrostigmon - - - - - - 3 Elasmomorpha - - - - - - 1 Hippocoon - - - - - - 1 Stigmaphron - - - - - - 1 Table 1. Summary of geographic distribution of species of Ceraphronoidea. NA: Nearctic; NO: Neotropical (including all of Mexico and the Caribbean); PA: Palearctic; AF: Afrotropical; OR: Oriental (including all of China and India); AU: Australasian and Oceanian (including New Guinea and islands east); F: fossils. 8 Contributions of the American Entomological Institute 33(2) CERAPHRONOIDEA Ceraphrontes Haliday, 1833: 272. Description,
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