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Web Component Development Using Java Web Component Development Using Java Learner’S Guide Web Component Development Using Java Web Component Development Using Java Learner’s Guide © 2014 Aptech Limited All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or copied in any form or by any means – graphic, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, taping, or storing in information retrieval system or sent or transferred without the prior written permission of copyright owner Aptech Limited. All trademarks acknowledged. APTECH LIMITED Contact E-mail: [email protected] First Edition - 2014 Dear Learner, We congratulate you on your decision to pursue an Aptech course. Aptech Ltd. designs its courses using a sound instructional design model – from conceptualization to execution, incorporating the following key aspects: ¾ Scanning the user system and needs assessment Needs assessment is carried out to find the educational and training needs of the learner Technology trends are regularly scanned and tracked by core teams at Aptech Ltd. TAG* analyzes these on a monthly basis to understand the emerging technology training needs for the Industry. An annual Industry Recruitment Profile Survey# is conducted during August - October to understand the technologies that Industries would be adapting in the next 2 to 3 years. An analysis of these trends & recruitment needs is then carried out to understand the skill requirements for different roles & career opportunities. The skill requirements are then mapped with the learner profile (user system) to derive the Learning objectives for the different roles. ¾ Needs analysis and design of curriculum The Learning objectives are then analyzed and translated into learning tasks. Each learning task or activity is analyzed in terms of knowledge, skills and attitudes that are required to perform that task. Teachers and domain experts do this jointly. These are then grouped in clusters to form the subjects to be covered by the curriculum. In addition, the society, the teachers, and the industry expect certain knowledge and skills that are related to abilities such as learning-to-learn, thinking, adaptability, problem solving, positive attitude etc. These competencies would cover both cognitive and affective domains. A precedence diagram for the subjects is drawn where the prerequisites for each subject are graphically illustrated. The number of levels in this diagram is determined by the duration of the course in terms of number of semesters etc. Using the precedence diagram and the time duration for each subject, the curriculum is organized. ¾ Design & development of instructional materials The content outlines are developed by including additional topics that are required for the completion of the domain and for the logical development of the competencies identified. Evaluation strategy and scheme is developed for the subject. The topics are arranged/ organized in a meaningful sequence. The detailed instructional material – Training aids, Learner material, reference material, project guidelines, etc.- are then developed. Rigorous quality checks are conducted at every stage. ¾ Strategies for delivery of instruction Careful consideration is given for the integral development of abilities like thinking, problem solving, learning-to-learn etc. by selecting appropriate instructional strategies (training methodology), instructional activities and instructional materials. The area of IT is fast changing and nebulous. Hence considerable flexibility is provided in the instructional process by specially including creative activities with group interaction between the students and the trainer. The positive aspects of web based learning –acquiring information, organizing information and acting on the basis of insufficient information are some of the aspects, which are incorporated, in the instructional process. ¾ Assessment of learning The learning is assessed through different modes – tests, assignments & projects. The assessment system is designed to evaluate the level of knowledge & skills as defined by the learning objectives. ¾ Evaluation of instructional process and instructional materials The instructional process is backed by an elaborate monitoring system to evaluate - on-time delivery, understanding of a subject module, ability of the instructor to impart learning. As an integral part of this process, we request you to kindly send us your feedback in the reply pre- paid form appended at the end of each module. *TAG – Technology & Academics Group comprises members from Aptech Ltd., professors from reputed Academic Institutions, Senior Managers from Industry, Technical gurus from Software Majors & representatives from regulatory organizations/forums. Technology heads of Aptech Ltd. meet on a monthly basis to share and evaluate the technology trends. The group interfaces with the representatives of the TAG thrice a year to review and validate the technology and academic directions and endeavors of Aptech Ltd. Industry Recruitment Profile Survey - The Industry Recruitment Profile Survey was conducted across 1581 companies in August/September 2000, representing the Software, Manufacturing, Process Industry, Insurance, Finance & Service Sectors. Aptech New Products Design Model Key Aspects 1 Scanning the Evaluation of user system Instructional and needs Processes and assessment Material 2 Need Analysis 6 and design of Assessment curriculum of learning 3 5 Design and Strategies for development of 4 delivery of instructional instructions material Preface With the advent of Internet and its technologies, people are able to communicate and transfer knowledge at the click of the mouse. There are several platforms evolving which are powering Web with dynamic capabilities. One such technology, which has helped Web to become what it is today, is Java technology. Last two decades have seen tremendous changes as far as computing is concerned. Programmers are being pushed to create online applications. Under such scenario, Java platform offers Servlets and JSP as two main components for development application to be hosted on the Web. Servlet, being a small pluggable extension to a server, enhances the capabilities of the server’s functionalities, such as Java enabled Web server, mail server, an application server or any customized server. Servlet APIs available in Java support a higher degree of portability, power, security, flexibility and endurance. Servlets are elegant, object oriented and simple. They can be organized more effectively into manageable parts. They are persistent and fast, as they are loaded, once but can be used many times. JavaServer Pages, or JSP in short, is a Java-based technology that simplifies the process of developing Web-based applications. It makes the task of maintaining information rich and dynamic content really very easy. Web-based application, which are platform independent, are developed through JSP. This makes JSP all the more desired technology for Web application development. Any Web development process or a large application consists of a combination of application and presentation logic. Using JSP, presentation logic can be separated from application logic quite easily. The book begins with an introduction to Web applications and its architectures. Then, it explains the Servlet and JSP API that help the programmers to do server-side processing of the request and response. It explains the use of HTTP protocol and its methods used in client-server model of Web applications. The book also cover the new features of Servlet specifications provided on Java Enterprise Edition (Java EE) 7 platform. These includes: Asynchronous Servlet, file uploading, use of annotations in developing Servlets, and so on. It explains the concept and architecture of JSP technology. Further, explains the use of expression language, Java Standard Tag Library (JSTL), use of JavaBeans, and so forth in JSP. The book also provides an overview of Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture used in developing Web applications on Java platform. The knowledge and information in this book is the result of the concentrated effort of the Design Team, which is continuously striving to bring to you the latest, the best, and the most relevant subject matter in Information Technology. As a part of Aptech’s quality drive, this team does intensive research and curriculum enrichment to keep it in line with industry trends and learner requirements. We will be glad to receive your suggestions. Please send us your feedback, addressed to the Design Centre at Aptech’s corporate office, Mumbai. Design Team Table of Contents Sessions 1. Introducion to Web Applications 2. Java Servlet 3. Session Tracking 4. Filters and Annotations 5. Database Access and Event Handling 6. Asynchronous Servlet Communication 7. JavaServer Pages 8. JSP Implicit Objects 9. Standard Actions and JavaBeans 10. Model-View-Controller Architecture 11. JSP Expression Language 12. JavaServer Pages Standard Tag Library 13. JSP Custom Tags 14. Internationalization 15. Securing Web Applications 01 Introduction to Web Applications Welcome to the Session, Introduction to Web Applications. This session explains the basics concept of Web applications. It explains the architecture of Web application and technologies involved in the Web development. It also explains the request-response mechanism offered by HTTP protocol in accessing the Web resources from the Web servers. Further, the session explains the role of Java in Web application developments and its components such as Servlet and JSP used for extending the functionality
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