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Three Geologic Cross Sections Across Portions of Eastern Nebraska Showing Quaternary Lithologic Units and Stratigraphy of Uppermost Bedrock

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Three Geologic Cross Sections Across Portions of Eastern Nebraska Showing Quaternary Lithologic Units and Stratigraphy of Uppermost Bedrock Three Geologic Cross Sections Across Portions of Eastern Nebraska Showing Quaternary Lithologic Units and Stratigraphy of Uppermost Bedrock Jesse T. Korus1, Dana P. Divine1, Paul R. Hanson1, and Jeremy S. Dillon2 Author affiliations: 1. Conservation and Survey Division, School of Natural Resources, University of NebraskaLincoln 2. Department of Geography, University of NebraskaKearney Correlations and Cross Sections (CCS) 18 Conservation and Survey Division School of Natural Resources Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources University of NebraskaLincoln Lincoln, Nebraska 2012 Introduction Three cross sections were constructed across portions of eastern Nebraska to characterize the regional geology of unconsolidated Quaternary deposits and the bedrock units that lie directly beneath them. The locations of these cross sections are shown in Figure 1. Lithologic data were obtained primarily from historical test hole logs drilled by the Conservation and Survey Division (CSD). These test holes were drilled specifically to investigate subsurface geology and therefore represent the highest quality data available. Lithologic logs of these test holes are available from CSD or at http://snr.unl.edu. Additional unpublished test hole logs not drilled as part of the official CSD test hole drilling program that exist along the line of cross section were reviewed for quality and reliability. Logs of good quality were used in some places to supplement the lithologic data. These logs are included in Appendices A-C. Each of these geologic cross sections was originally drafted by Vince Dreeszen of the CSD. Although these original cross sections were not published, the originals are archived at CSD. The geologic interpretations on each of the three cross sections are based in part on the existing data and Dreeszen’s original cross sections. The correlations of Quaternary lithologic units are the interpretations of the authors and were made based upon their understanding of the regional geology and stratigraphy of eastern Nebraska. In general, lithologic units greater than 10 feet (~ 3 m) thick were correlated between test holes, whereas thinner units were ignored. The distances between boreholes, which is as much as several miles, are too great to reliably correlate such thin units. Nonetheless, since the thicknesses of most Quaternary lithologic units in eastern Nebraska are known to vary considerably over short distances, the units represented in the cross sections should not be taken to represent actual thicknesses in the areas between boreholes. Information regarding bedrock stratigraphy was obtained from the geologic bedrock map of Nebraska (Burchett, 1986), published measured sections from outcrops (i.e. Burchett, 1971), as well as oil and gas exploration wells within several miles of the line of cross section (http://nogcc.ne.gov/, see also Appendices A-C). The elevations of some test holes were determined at the time that the test hole was drilled using USGS 7.5 minute topographic maps or at a later date using USGS Digital Elevation Models (DEM). The land surface elevation profiles along the lines of cross section were derived from a DEM mosaic of the study area. The position of the water table (or, in some locations, the potentiometric surface) displayed on the cross sections was taken from a DEM of the water table that was created using water levels from 1995 as indicated in maps by Dreeszen (2001), Summerside (2001), and Hartung and Summerside (2001). These maps represent a best approximation of the water table over a large area. The position of the water table shown on these cross sections was modified locally to correct unlikely relationships between the water table and land surface. Fig. 1. Locations of cross sections and test holes. Acknowledgements This project is part of the Eastern Nebraska Water Resources Assessment (ENWRA), and was funded through the Lewis and Clark Natural Resources District, Lower Elkhorn Natural Resources District, Lower Platte North Natural Resources District, Lower Platte South Natural Resources District, Nemaha Natural Resources District, Papio-Missouri River Natural Resources District, and the Interrelated Water Management Plan Program Fund. Les Howard is acknowledged (UNL-CSD) for his assistance with this publication. References Burchett, R.R., 1971. Guidebook to the geology along portions of the lower Platte River Valley and Weeping Water Valley of Eastern Nebraska. Conservation and Survey Division, University of NebraskaLincoln, 39 p. Burchett, R.R., 1986. Geologic bedrock map of Nebraska (1:1,000,000). Nebraska Geological Survey, Conservation and Survey Division, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of NebraskaLincoln, GMC-1. Dreeszen, V.H., 2001. Configuration of the water table, circa 1995, Lincoln and Nebraska City Quadrangles, Nebraska. Conservation and Survey Division, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of NebraskaLincoln, GM-54.3. Hartung, S.L., and Summerside, S.E., 2001. Configuration of the water table, circa 1995, Sioux City Quadrangle, Nebraska. Conservation and Survey Division, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of NebraskaLincoln, GM-54.10. Summerside, S.E., 2001. Configuration of the water table, circa 1995, Fremont and Omaha Quadrangles, Nebraska. Conservation and Survey Division, Institute of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of NebraskaLincoln, GM-54.5. It is the policy of the University of NebraskaLincoln not to discriminate based upon age, race, ethnicity, color, national origin, gender, sex, pregnancy, disability, sexual orientation, genetic information, veteran’s status, marital status, religion or political affiliation. Interpretive Geologic Cross Section from Knox County to Dixon County, Nebraska West Paul R. Hanson and Jeremy S. Dillon East Knox County Cedar County Cedar County Dixon County 1900 7-B-53 8-B-53 550 1800 14-A-53 15-A-53 1700 41-A-52 10-B-53 500 1600 24-B-64 14-A-64 40-A-52 23-B-64 1500 39-A-52 37-A-52 1 36-A-52 450 38-A-52 Bow Creek East Bow Creek 35-A-52 22-B-64 Elevation (feet above mean sea level) 1400 Elevation (meters above mean sea level) 2 Kp 400 1300 Kn 1200 Kc 350 1100 Horizontal Distance (km) Conservation and Survey Division System Group or Formation lithology of 0 10 20 30 School of Natural Resources Quaternary undifferentiated Quaternary deposits − 5 10 15 20 University of Nebraska Lincoln Kp Pierre Shale loess 0 Horizontal Distance (mi) Cretaceous Kn Niobrara Formation silt & clay Kc Carlile Shale Lincoln till Cite as: Hanson, P.R. and Dillon, J.S., 2012, Interpretive geologic cross section from Knox to water table or potentiometric surface − The University of Nebraska–Lincoln is an sand & gravel Dixon County, Nebraska. Conservation and Survey Division, University of Nebraska Lincoln. equal opportunity educator and employer. test hole Correlations and Cross Sections (CCS) 18.1. Interpretive Geologic Cross Section from Pierce County to Dakota County, Nebraska Dana P. Divine West East Antelope Pierce County Pierce County Wayne County Wayne County Dixon County Dixon County Dakota County County 1900 er v i R n r 50-A-51 49-A-51 2-A-68 ho k 1800 1 550 1-A-53 k El r 1-A-57 2-B-68 1 o 2 F eek 48-A-51 th r 4-A-53 r C No y eek r r 1700 47-A-51 2-A-53 C D 3-A-53 5-A-53 3 6-A-53 ogan eek r 4-LE-99 L 500 35-A-51 C outh eer 1600 46-A-51 S D eek r C 9-A-64 eek / r 34-A-51 C 1-A-64 iddle eek r 1 M eek C og To r D 1500 C To 32-A-51 igle 450 W 13-B-64 27-B-64 ogan 12-A-64 10-A-64 L 30-A-51 4 33-A-51 Elevation (feet above mean sea level) Elevation (meters above mean sea level) 31-A-51 1400 Kp Kn 1300 400 Kc Kgg System Group or Formation lithology of Conservation and Survey Division Quaternary undifferentiated Quaternary deposits School of Natural Resources Tertiary To Ogallala Group loess Horizontal Distance (km) University of Nebraska−Lincoln Kp Pierre Shale silt & clay 0 10 20 30 Kn Niobrara Formation Cretaceous till Kc Carlile Shale 0 5 10 15 20 Kgg Greenhorn Limestone/Graneros Shale sand Horizontal Distance (mi) sand & gravel Lincoln The University of Nebraska–Lincoln is an water table or potentiometric surface Cite as: Divine, D. P., 2012. Geologic Cross Section Across Eastern Nebraska from Pierce County to equal opportunity educator and employer. sand, silt, & clay Dakota County. Conservation and Survey Division, School of Natural Resources, Institute of Agriculture test hole and Natural Resources,University of Nebraska−Lincoln. Correlations and Cross Sections (CCS) 18.2. Interpretive Geologic Cross Section from Thurston County to Pawnee County, Nebraska North Jesse T. Korus South Thurston County Burt County Burt County Washington County Washington County Douglas County Douglas County Saunders County Saunders County Cass County Cass County Otoe County Otoe County Johnson County Johnson County Pawnee County 1600 Loch 1 4-A-67 3-B-67 2-B-67 Plum Creek 1500 3-A-67 1-A-67 2-A-67 Schuster 1 Turkey Creek Turkey 13-A-56 450 14-A-56 12-A-56 Thurston Co. Burt Co. 4-B-40 9-A-56 Bartels 1 8-A-63 Erickson 1 Yankee Creek Yankee 10-A-56 13-B-63 14-B-63 12-B-63 1400 7-A-63 Deer Creek 11-A-56 8-A-56 11-B-63 6-B-63 9-B-63 15-B-63 10-B-63 11 5-B-63 Sunflower 1 8-B-63 6-A-63 6-A-56 10 4-B-63 3-B-63 7-A-61 8 8-A-61 South Blackbird Creek 9 7-B-63 13 Marshall 1 1-B-62 2 5-A-56 3-A-61 clay w/ gravel & 2-B-63 9-A-61 limestone 17-B-63 10-A-61 24-A-62 pebbles Hooper Creek 1300 2-A-61 South Fork Little Nemaha River 4-B-73 400 16-B-63 Callahan Creek 4-A-61 23-A-62 North Fork Big Nemaha River clay Little Nemaha River with 3-A-56 7-A-56 boulders 2-A-56 1-81 13-A-61 [ Platte River P Pcg 6-A-61 12-A-61 11-A-61 1-A-61 1 Elkhorn River 5-A-61 1200 14 Smith 1 contains gravel from clay, pebbly & silt, very clayey, 10-23’ 4-A-56 very sandy gravelly below 80’ pebble-bearing Salt Creek clays below 39’ Sorenson 1 clay, silty, sandy, 3 22-A-62 gravelly, w/ qtzite 21-A-62 7 boulder at 151’ 20-A-62 4 12 19-A-62 5 Zimmerman 21 Darst 24 350 “quartzite boulder” 6 18-A-62 17-A-61 Iowa Point Thomas 23 Elevation (feet above mean sea level) black shale from 106.2-107.3 [ Elevation (ft.
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