DOCSLIB.ORG

Corolla Iranica: Papers in Honour of Prof

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Corolla Iranica: Papers in Honour of Prof Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies http://journals.cambridge.org/BSO Additional services for Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies: Email alerts: Click here Subscriptions: Click here Commercial reprints: Click here Terms of use : Click here Ronald E. Emmerick and Dieter Weber (ed.): Corolla Iranica: Papers in honour of Prof. Dr. David Neil MacKenzie on the occasion of his 65th birthday on April 8th, 1991. xviii, 244 pp. Frankfurt, Bern, New York, Paris: Peter Lang, 1991. £27. Francois De Blois Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies / Volume 56 / Issue 02 / June 1993, pp 376 ­ 377 DOI: 10.1017/S0041977X00005772, Published online: 05 February 2009 Link to this article: http://journals.cambridge.org/abstract_S0041977X00005772 How to cite this article: Francois De Blois (1993). Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, 56, pp 376­377 doi:10.1017/S0041977X00005772 Request Permissions : Click here Downloaded from http://journals.cambridge.org/BSO, IP address: 212.219.238.14 on 29 Oct 2012 376 REVIEWS cussed, although these have a direct bearing Khwarezmian hypothesis'; Gerd Gropp, on the subject of human display and architec- ' Zadsprams Interpretation des Ahunavairyo- tural decoration. Altogether, Celik's approach Gebetes' [with translation]; Gottried is markedly different from, say, S. Graham- Herrmann, ' Biographisches zu Husain WS'iz Brown's (Images of women: the portrayal of KaSifi'; Jean Kellens,' Remarques sur I'oppo- women in the photography of the Middle East. sition de nombre en yieil-avestique'; V. A. 1860-1950, 1988) or that of Hinsley (see his Livshits and A. B. Nikitin, ' The Parthian epi- article in I. Karpay (ed.), Exhibiting cultures: graphic remains from Gobekli-depe and some the poetics and politics of museum display, other Parthian inscriptions' [the publication 1991), but she does provide a wealth of detail of a number of interesting new texts, with and reminds the reader that the World Fairs photographs]; J. R. Russell, * The Do'a-ye had an international audience. Nam StayiSn'; Lore Sander, ' The earliest [Sanskrit] manuscripts from Central Asia and PATRICIA L. BAKER the Sarvastivada mission'; W. P. Schmid, ' Nhd. See und Alteuropa'; Martin Schwartz, ' A page of a Sogdian Liber Vilae'; Shaul RONALD E. EMMERICK and DIETER Shaked, ' lrano-Aramaica: on some legal, WEBER (ed.): Corolla Iranica: administrative and economic terms'; Nicholas Papers in honour of Prof. Dr. Sims-Williams, * A Sogdian greeting' [examin- ing the opening and closing formulae in David Neil MacKenzie on the occa- the Sogdian ' Ancient Letters']; Wojciech sion of his 65th birthday on April Skalmowski, * A note on Iranian *dahyu-'; 8th, 1991. xviii, 244 pp. Frankfurt, P. O. Skjaerv0, ' Middle Persian anad. Bern, New York, Paris: Peter anand' [meaning * was' and ' were ' and as such indistinguishable in function from bud Lang, 1991. £27. and budend. Skj. derives these from OP aha D. N. MacKenzie, Professor of Iranian (for *ahat), Shan and ahanta, from which he studies in GOttingen and before that for many adduces proto-MP *ad, *an and "and respec- years lecturer and later reader at SOAS, is tively. ' ait and and were combined into anand, the dedicatee of this elegantly produced from which an imperfect stem an- was ex- Festschrift. Mackenzie's Concise Pahlavi dic- tracted, which combined with the 3rd sg. gave tionary of 1971 is the bible of Middle-lranists; anad'. The initial vowels were subsequently it is thus fitting that a large number of the shortened. This seems dreadfully complicated, papers in this volume should be devoted to all the more so since it presupposes the sur- Western Middle Iranian languages. But his vival in MP of the reflex of a final -t which interest in, and important contributions to, was lost already in OP. If the second half of such diverse subjects as Kurdish, Pashto, early anand is really from the 3rd p. pi. middle Neo-Persian, Choresmjan and Sogdian have imperfect ahanta it might be more reasonable emboldened contributors to present him with to derive the second half of anad from the papers from the whole range of Iranian expected 3rd. sg. form *ahata.]; Werner pursuits. Sundermann, ' Eine buddhistische Allegorie in The contributions are as follows: Jes P. manichaischer Uberlieferung'; A. Tafazzoli, Asmussen, ' Ornithologisches aus den jQdisch- ' Some Isfahani words' [with comparative and persischen Gbersetzungen der hcbraischen etymological remarks]; Finn Thiesen, ' A Bibel' [Hebr. 'avil is consistantly rendered by translation of Ruhollah Xomeinrs Sabu ye tawus, ' peacock']; A. D. H. Bivar, ' The 'esq'; Dieter Weber, ' Ein bisher unbekannter ideogram for " staters" in Pahlavi' [he Titel aus spStsassanidischer Zeit? [the personal suggests that the form MSY found on a name StrTnywc'n, alias Zapa\aveol,a.v, is Sasanian dish published by Frye, and for explained as a compound of Sahr,' Reich ' and which the context demands the meaning Alan-yozan, ' die Alanen bekampfend'] and ' stater/tetradrachm', is a scribal corruption Yutaka Yoshida, ' Sogdian miscellany III'. for the hsy or frsy hsql which we find on coins I append a few minutiae. P. 2: Persian tawus in Palestine. The main difficulty with this is is, of course, not borrowed directly from Gk. that hsy is not attested in Aramaic—in which raws, but via Aramaic and Arabic; the language one ought to seek the origin of a ' Greek ' word itself is of uncertain and pos- Sasanian ideogram—but only in Hebrew and sibly oriental origin. P. 49: Neryosangh other Canaanite dialects, where it is the ordi- Dhaval translated only from MP, and not nary word for ' half, Bibl. Hebr. hdfi\\ Mary (directly) from Avestan, into Sanskrit. P. 163, Boyce, "The vitality of Zoroastrianism at- n. 4: Schwartz speaks of the ' transfer of the tested by some Yazdi traditions and actions'; Pahlavi ideogram W (from Aram, wa-) on the Giotto Canevascini, ' Medio-reflexive verbs in one hand as abbreviation (w) for 'wd (ud) in Khotanese'; Michael L. Chyet, ' A version of Manichaean Middle Persian, and on the other the Kurdish romance Mem u Ztn with English as iv for u " and " in New Persian '. That the translation and commentary '• Almuth ' Pahlavi' writing system should have influ- Degener, * Neryosanghs Sanskrit-Ubersetzung enced that of Man.MP is anything other than von Skand gumdnik vifar' [with a translation certain; that it should have affected that of NP of the MP text of ch. iv]; J. Elfenbein, ' A car- is really out of the question. In NP w is a avan of [Baluchi] chronological adverbs' [with purely phonological representation of the an interesting etymological discussion]; postclitic -u/-u. P. 198: the version of the story Ronald E. Emmerick and Mauro Maggi, of the ' three fish ' preserved in Sogdian is not ' Thoughts on Khotanese e and o' [suggesting found in KalTlah wa Dimnah, but only in some that both vowels could be long or short in Old (late) versions of PaAcatantra. Also, that the Khot.]; Gherardo Gnoli, 'More on the story of Barlaam and Josaphat found its way REVIEWS 377 to Europe ' durch manichaische Vermittlung' quest, for this need not necessarily have led to has indeed been postulated, but never demon- the expulsion of all the Persians who were liv- strated. In the much appreciated bibliography ing in the country. What has not as yet been of Mackenzie's publications read (p. x, sub noted is that one of the documents contains anno 1978) Kamus, not KamQs. what seems to be a precise date; 1 am referring FRANCOIS DE BLO1S to the parchment P 19, a fragment of a letter written, as Weber puts it, 'mit extrem kur- sivem Duktus' and ' daher nur bedinge inter- Corpus Inscriptionum Iranicarum. pretierbar'. In lines 6-7 the editor reads: Part m: Pahlavi Inscriptions. (...) YWM 'hl(y)swng' Y' MN Vol. IV. Ostraca and Vol. v. Papyri. BYRH tyl Texts i: Ostraca, Papyri und QDM.. XXXX'IIII III (...) Pergamente: Textband. Von Dieter That line 6 mentions a day and a month is, I Weber, x, 265 pp., 42 plates, should think, clear, although Weber's reading 2 maps. London: School of of the letters between YWM and BYRH is neither grammatically plausible nor easily rec- Oriental and African Studies for oncilable with what is visible on the photo- the CII, 1992. £30. graph. For the unread signs after QDM the context would seem to require SNT, * year', a The most recent volume of the Corpus possible, if by no means obvious, interpreta- Inscriptionum Iranicarum is Dieter Weber's tion of the minute letters. For the MP idiom impressive edition of Middle Persian ostraca, abar sal X. (as opposed to the common early papyri and parchments. After a short intro- NP sal bar X.) compare Dura Europus I, the duction we find the editor's readings of the inscription at IqUd, the inscription at Barm i 199 ostraca and 59 papyri (or parchments) Dilak (as read by Gignoux, Studio Iranica, 20, which had been published in photographic 1991, 12) and, 1 should think, also the last line facsimile (but without interpretation) in an of P 44 of this collection (read: BYRH 'tr1 earlier portfolio of the CII (Ostraca and Q[DM SNT...]). The following number, Papyri, ed. J. de Menasce, 1957) followed by though it could conceivably be ' 47', is more those of 65 previously unpublished papyri. likely to be ' 37' (the first loop of the initial For each text Weber gives first a physical ligature is significantly larger than the second) description, then a transliteration and (where and it is only this interpretation which gives us possible) transcription and translation and a date during the Persian occupation of Egypt. finally an extensive commentary. The texts are followed by several appendices: first, a I would thus read. detailed discussion of the palaeography of the (...) YWM 'ltwh(5)t W BYRH tyl documents with a useful table of typical letter- QDM SNT XXX IIII HI (...) forms.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • The Iranian Reflexes of Proto-Iranian *Ns
    The Iranian Reflexes of Proto-Iranian *ns Martin Joachim Kümmel, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena [email protected] Abstract1 The obvious cognates of Avestan tąθra- ‘darkness’ in the other Iranian languages generally show no trace of the consonant θ; they all look like reflexes of *tār°. Instead of assuming a different word formation for the non-Avestan words, I propose a solution uniting the obviously corresponding words under a common preform, starting from Proto-Iranian *taNsra-: Before a sonorant *ns was preserved as ns in Avestan (feed- ing the change of tautosyllabic *sr > *θr) but changed to *nh elsewhere, followed by *anhr > *ã(h)r. A parallel case of apparent variation can be explained similarly, namely Avestan pąsnu- ‘ashes’ and its cog- nates. Finally, the general development of Proto-Indo-Iranian *ns in Iranian and its relative chronology is discussed, including word-final *ns, where it is argued that the Avestan accusative plural of a-stems can be derived from *-āns. Keywords: Proto-Iranian, nasals, sibilant, sound change, variation, chronology 1. Introduction The aim of this paper is to discuss some details of the development of the Proto- Iranian (PIr) cluster *ns in the Iranian languages. Before we proceed to do so, it will be useful to recall the most important facts concerning the history of dental-alveolar sibilants in Iranian. 1) PIr had inherited a sibilant *s identical to Old Indo-Aryan (Sanskrit/Vedic) s from Proto-Indo-Iranian (PIIr) *s. This sibilant changed to Common Iranian (CIr) h in most environments, while its voiced allophone z remained stable all the time.
    [Show full text]
  • NEWSLETTER CENTER for IRANIAN STUDIES NEWSLETTER Vol
    CIS NEWSLETTER CENTER FOR IRANIAN STUDIES NEWSLETTER Vol. 13, No.2 MEALAC–Columbia University–New York Fall 2001 Encyclopædia Iranica: Volume X Published Fascicle 1, Volume XI in Press With the publication of fascicle ISLAMIC PERSIA: HISTORY AND 6 in the Summer of 2001, Volume BIOGRAPHY X of the Encyclopædia Iranica was Eight entries treat Persian his- completed. The first fascicle of Vol- tory from medieval to modern ume XI is in press and will be pub- times, including “Golden Horde,” lished in December 2001. The first name given to the Mongol Khanate fascicle of volume XI features over 60 ruled by the descendents of Juji, the articles on various aspects of Persian eldest son of Genghis Khan, by P. Jack- culture and history. son. “Golshan-e Morad,” a history of the PRE-ISLAMIC PERSIA Zand Dynasty, authored by Mirza Mohammad Abu’l-Hasan Ghaffari, by J. Shirin Neshat Nine entries feature Persia’s Pre-Is- Perry. “Golestan Treaty,” agreement lamic history and religions: “Gnosti- arranged under British auspices to end at Iranian-American Forum cism” in pre-Islamic Iranian world, by the Russo-Persian War of 1804-13, by K. Rudolph. “Gobryas,” the most widely On the 22nd of September, the E. Daniel. “Joseph Arthur de known form of the old Persian name Encyclopædia Iranica’s Iranian-Ameri- Gobineau,” French man of letters, art- Gaub(a)ruva, by R. Schmitt. “Giyan ist, polemist, Orientalist, and diplomat can Forum (IAF) organized it’s inau- Tepe,” large archeological mound lo- who served as Ambassador of France in gural event: a cocktail party and pre- cated in Lorestan province, by E.
    [Show full text]
  • Language Shift in the Central Iranian Plateau
    Journal of Persianate Studies 2 (2009) 62-87 brill.nl/jps Median Succumbs to Persian after Th ree Millennia of Coexistence: Language Shift in the Central Iranian Plateau Habib Borjian Abstract Th e so-called Central Plateau Dialects or simply Central Dialects belong to the South Median group of Northwest Iranian languages and are spoken in central Iran, where the prevailing lan- guage is Persian. Currently, vestiges of these dialects are limited to several dozen remote villages as well as to the older generation of the Jewish and Zoroastrian communities living in the cities and in diaspora. Th e dominant infl uence of Persian for more than a millennium has resulted in the ousting of the vernaculars not only in major towns but also in a majority of villages. His- torical evidence suggests that Central Dialects were native to the entire central Iranian Plateau, larger towns included, until the late medieval period. Th e big shift may have taken place during and after the Safavid dynastic rule, perhaps as a result of forceful propagation of Shiʿism, among other economic and socio-political vicissitudes of those days. Concrete evidence becomes avail- able only in the later nineteenth century when European travelers and local geographers began to report on the language situation of the area. Th ese documents enable us to speculate on the patterns and rates of language shift in various regions speaking Central Dialects. Th is trend has been accelerating parallel with the enormous socio-economic changes in the last half century. In many villages the local dialect is moribund and becoming increasingly limited to the elders, and the extinction will be the inevitable result of the forces of modernization and globalization in general and the rapid expansion of Persian education and mass media in particular.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded License
    Indo-European Linguistics (2021) 1–43 brill.com/ieul Contributions to a relative chronology of Persian The non-change of postconsonantal y and w in Middle Persian in context Agnes Korn | orcid: 0000-0003-0302-6751 cnrs; umr 8401 Centre de Recherche sur le Monde Iranien (CeRMI), Ivry / Seine, France [email protected] Abstract Old Persian shows a change of postconsonantal y, w to iy, uw, respectively. However, if one applies (pre-)Middle Persian sound changes to the Old Persian forms, the result is at variance with certain Middle Persian forms. If one were to assume a syncope revers- ing the Old Persian change of y, w to iy, uw, this would also affect old cases of iy, uw and likewise yield incorrect results for Middle Persian. The Old Persian change can thus not have operated in the prehistory of Middle Persian, and there is a dialectal differ- ence between attested Old Persian and the later stages of the language, which is to be added to those already noted. The paper also discusses some sound changes that are connected to the Old Persian change in one way or the other. Cases in point are the processes called Epenthesis and Umlaut in previous scholarship, which this article sug- gests to interpret as occurring in different contexts and in different periods. The former is limited to Vry, which yields Vir and feeds into a monophthongisation that, as shown by some late Old Persian word forms, occurred within Achaemenid times, giving ēr and īr from ary and əry. Epenthesis did not occur in the prehistory of Parthian, whereas the monophthongisation did.The Appendix presents a tentative sequence of the processes discussed in this article, which is intended as a contribution to the relative chronology of Persian historical phonology.
    [Show full text]
  • 12 Mackenzie 1226 15/11/2004 10:42 Page 206
    12 Mackenzie 1226 15/11/2004 10:42 Page 206 NEIL MACKENZIE Inh. G. Schmuck 12 Mackenzie 1226 15/11/2004 10:42 Page 207 David Neil MacKenzie 1926–2001 DAVID NEIL MACKENZIE passed away in Bangor on 13 October 2001, following multiple complications that resulted from a deteriorating heart disease from which he had suffered for some years. With him, Iranian Studies lost an outstanding representative, whose scholarly competence and interests spanned a broad range of ancient and modern Iranian lan- guages: such comprehensiveness is becoming increasingly unusual in modern times. Several of MacKenzie’s philological publications, espe- cially those concerning (New Iranian) Kurdish and the two Middle Iranian languages, Middle Persian and Khwarezmian, are by now well established as standard works of reference and will surely remain so for a long time. Neil (as he was known to his family and friends) was born in London on 8 April 1926, the first of the two children of the British colonial offi- cer David MacKenzie (of Scottish extraction) and his wife Ada (known as Jerry), née Hopkins. His father served at various places in West Africa, but had to return to England in the early 1930s for health reasons. In the following years he worked as a civil servant, and the family changed their place of residence several times. His son Neil thus attended schools in Slough, Windsor and Cambridge. Shortly after the outbreak of the Sec- ond World War, Neil’s mother left England for Canada, together with his younger sister. Neil chose not to go, but stayed in England with his father.
    [Show full text]
  • Publications
    CURRICULUM VITAE Prods Oktor Skjærvø 950 Massachusetts Avenue, Apt. 519 Cambridge, MA 02139 Publications Theses Undersøkelser til verbalsystemet i gammelpersisk og vestlig middel- iransk (Investigations into the verbal systems of Old Persian and western Middle Persian), M.A. thesis, Oslo and Copenhagen, 1974 (115 pp. xerox, unpublished, but see nos. 29, 33). The Paikuli inscription, restoration and interpretation. Pt. 1 Restored text and translation (109 pp.). Pt 2. In- troduction and commentary. Doctoral thesis, Oslo, Norway, 1981 (27 + 311 pp., xerox). The Khotanese Suvarṇabhāsottamasūtra. Pt. 1. The manuscripts: transcription with critical apparatus and indices (34 + 168 pp., xerox). Pt. 2. Synoptic Khotanese text and English translation containing the corresponding Sanskrit text compared with the Tibetan and Chinese versions (403 pp., xerox). Pt. 3. Commentary (44 + 22 pp., xerox). Doctoral Habilitation thesis. Mainz, West Germany, 1983. Festschrift Iranian and Zoroastrian Studies in Honor of Prods Oktor Skjærvø, ed. Carol Bromber, Nicholas sims-Williams and Nicholas Sims-Williams, BAI 19, 2005 [2009]. Books, articles, and reviews 1975 1 “Notes on the dialects of Mīnāb and Hormoz,” Norwegian Journal of Linguistics (NTS) 29, 1975, pp. 113-128. 2 Review: J. Hampel, Die Kopenhagener Handschrift Cod. 27, Wiesbaden, 1974, in Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes 67, 1975, pp. 306-308 (with J. P. Asmussen). 1976 3 “Sogdian Notes,” Acta Orientalia 37, 1976, pp. 111-116. 1977 4 Review: W. Eilers, Westiranische Mundarten aus der Sammlung W. Eilers. Die Mundart von Chunsar (herausgegeben unter Mitarbeit von U. Schapka), Wiesbaden, 1976, in Acta Orientalia 38, 1977, pp. 373- 381. 1978 5 The Sassanian inscription of Paikuli, with H.
    [Show full text]
  • Arxiv:2001.05297V3 [Cs.CL] 26 Jul 2021 Etiainlnugsaetaiinlydvddit North Into Divided Traditionally Are Languages Iranian West Hthv Xse Uigtedvlpeto Hs Languages
    Dialectal layers in West Iranian: a Hierarchical Dirichlet Process Approach to Linguistic Relationships Chundra A. Cathcart Department of Comparative Language Science/ Center for the Interdisciplinary Study of Language Evolution University of Zurich December 2019 (revised June 2021) Abstract This paper addresses a series of complex and unresolved issues in the historical phonology of West Iranian languages, (Persian, Kurdish, Balochi, and other languages), which display a high degree of non-Lautgesetzlich behavior. Most of this irregularity is undoubtedly due to language contact; we argue, however, that an oversimplified view of the processes at work has prevailed in the lit- erature on West Iranian dialectology, with specialists assuming that deviations from an expected outcome in a given non-Persian language are due to lexical borrowing from some chronological stage of Persian. It is demonstrated that this qualitative approach yields at times problematic conclusions stemming from the lack of explicit probabilistic inferences regarding the distribution of the data: Persian may not be the sole donor language; additionally, borrowing at the lexical level is not always the mechanism that introduces irregularity. In many cases, the possibility that West Iranian languages show different reflexes in different conditioning environments remains under-explored. We employ a novel Bayesian approach designed to overcome these problems and tease apart the different determinants of irregularity in patterns of West Iranian sound change. Our methodology allows us to provisionally resolve a number of outstanding questions in the lit- erature on West Iranian dialectology concerning the dialectal affiliation of certain sound changes. We outline future directions for work of this sort. arXiv:2001.05297v3 [cs.CL] 26 Jul 2021 1 Introduction Isoglosses based on sound changes differentiating the West Iranian languages, a group comprising Persian, Kurdish, Balochi, and other speech varieties, have long been of interest to linguists.
    [Show full text]
  • “Hunger” and “Thirst” in Sogdian «Голод» И «Жажда» В Согдийском
    “Hunger” and “thirst” in Sogdian «Голод» и «жажда» в согдийском Sims-Williams N. Симс-Уильямс Н. In various Iranian languages, words for “hunger” and “thirst”, “hungry” and “thirsty”, etc. form rhyming pairs. Such pairs raise the question whether these words were always parallel or whether they were originally less similar and have converged as a result of mutual influences in phonology and word-formation. Here, as a contribution towards answering this question, the relevant words in Sogdian and some of the most closely related languages will be put under the microscope. Key words: Sogdian, Iranian languages, etymology, etymological convergence, “hungry”, “thirsty”, “drink” В различных иранских языках слова «голод», «жажда», «голод- ный», «испытывающий жажду» и т. д. формируют рифмующиеся пары. Наличие таких пар поднимает вопрос, были ли данные слова всегда параллельными или изначально они не были столь схожи и подверглись конвергенции вследствие взаимовлияний в фонологии и словообразовании. В качестве вклада в ответ на этот вопрос мы рассмотрим в данной статье «под микроскопом» соответствующие слова в согдийском и нескольких наиболее близких языках. Ключевые слова: согдийский, иранские языки, этимология, этимологическая конвергенция, «голод», «жажда», «питие» DOI 10.37892/2313-5816-2021-1-220-230 It has long been observed [Hübschmann 1895: 92; Bartholomae 1925: 65–66; Benveniste 1933: 242] that some Iranian languages attest parallel or rhyming forms for the adjectives “hungry” and “thirsty”, e.g. Sogdian cšʾntk [čəšandē]: wšʾnty [wəšandē], Pashto Родной язык 1, 2021 “Hunger” and “thirst” in Sogdian 221 tə́ǧay: wə́ǧay, Persian tišna : gušna. The same applies to the related nouns “hunger” and “thirst” and the verbs “to be hungry, to be thirsty”.
    [Show full text]
  • Die Freunde Gottes. Die Bilderwelt Only a Year Later, in 1499, He Became Minister of Finance, Einer Persischen Luxushandschrift Des 16
    439 bOEkbESPREkingen — iranica 440 The Berlin manuscript of the Majālis al-῾uššāq so meticu- lously described by Almut von Gladiss comes from the col- lection of the first director of the Museum, Friedrich Sarre (1865-1945). The manuscript is written in nasta῾līq, has 234 folios and contains 77 miniatures; the particulars of this copy and its relation to the other sixteenth-century Majālis al-῾uššāq-manuscripts are treated in some detail by Almut von Gladiss. By way of introducing the Berlin manuscript, she provides the reader with a concise introduction on the author Kamāl al-Dīn Ḥusayn Gāzurgāhī and his cultural background and on the specific nature of the Majālis al-῾uššāq. Kamāl al-Dīn Ḥusayn Gāzurgāhī was born in 1469-70 in Khurasan, where he studied theology and law. After some years of travelling he entered the service of the Timurids in Herat, at that time their capital and a lively cultural centre. In 1498 Kamāl al-Dīn Ḥusayn Gāzurgāhī was appointed by the Timurid ruler Sulṭān Ḥusayn (r. 1469-1506) as the guard- ian of the shrine of the Sufi saint Shaykh ῾Abdallāh Anṣāri (d. 1089) in Gāzurgāh, situated to the north-east of Herat. This shrine was restored during the heyday of the Timurids by the Timurs son and successor Shāhrukh in 1425-6 and had become an important place of pilgrimage. Being selected the guardian of this shrine, which included its financial manage- IRANIcA ment, indicates Kamāl al-Dīn Ḥusayn Gāzurgāhī’s increasing influence at the Timurid court in Herat. GLADISS, A. von – Die Freunde Gottes.
    [Show full text]
  • Exploring Translation Strategies of Middle Persian Texts: the Case of the 19Th Chapter of Vandidad
    Journal of Foreign Language Teaching and Translation Studies, ISSN: 2645-3592 Vol. 6, No.1, Winter 2021, pp.21-34 21 Exploring Translation Strategies of Middle Persian Texts: The Case of the 19th Chapter of Vandidad Katayoun Namiranian Assistant Professor of Ancient Culture and Languages of Iran, Department of Foreign Languages and Linguistics, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. [email protected] Sheida Assadi* MA in Ancient Cultures and Languages, Department of Foreign Languages and Linguistics, Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. [email protected] Abstract The main objective of the present study was to semantically and syntactically explore translation strategies applied by translators in the translation of chapter nineteen of Vandidad from Avestan to Middle Persian for ritual purposes. To this end, the Middle Persian translation of Vandidad was studied, and the meaning of the words accompanying their syntactic roles in the Avestan language were compared to their Middle Persian equivalents. Then, the strategies applied by the translators were divided into two categories: semantic and syntactic ones. The findings of the study can shed some light on the translation strategies applied in the translation of ancient texts which can be used for deeper and broader scientific inquiry into Iranian ancient languages. Keywords: Avesta, Translation, Zand, Middle Persian, Strategy, Vandidad Received: 2020-11-17 Accepted: 2021-02-12 Available Online: 2021-02-14 DOI: 10.22034/efl.2021.257849.1062 *Corresponding author 22 Exploring Translation Strategies of Middle Persian … 1. Introduction Iranian or Iranic languages are a branch of the Indo-Iranian languages in the Indo-European language family which have been spoken natively by inhabitants of Iranian Plateau.
    [Show full text]
  • Buddhism Across Boundaries: the Interplay of Indian, Chinese, and Central Asian Source Materials
    SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS Number 222 March, 2012 Buddhism Across Boundaries: The Interplay of Indian, Chinese, and Central Asian Source Materials edited by John R. McRae and Jan Nattier Victor H. Mair, Editor Sino-Platonic Papers Department of East Asian Languages and Civilizations University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, PA 19104-6305 USA [email protected] www.sino-platonic.org SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS FOUNDED 1986 Editor-in-Chief VICTOR H. MAIR Associate Editors PAULA ROBERTS MARK SWOFFORD ISSN 2157-9679 (print) 2157-9687 (online) SINO-PLATONIC PAPERS is an occasional series dedicated to making available to specialists and the interested public the results of research that, because of its unconventional or controversial nature, might otherwise go unpublished. The editor-in-chief actively encourages younger, not yet well established, scholars and independent authors to submit manuscripts for consideration. Contributions in any of the major scholarly languages of the world, including romanized modern standard Mandarin (MSM) and Japanese, are acceptable. In special circumstances, papers written in one of the Sinitic topolects (fangyan) may be considered for publication. Although the chief focus of Sino-Platonic Papers is on the intercultural relations of China with other peoples, challenging and creative studies on a wide variety of philological subjects will be entertained. This series is not the place for safe, sober, and stodgy presentations. Sino- Platonic Papers prefers lively work that, while taking reasonable risks to advance the field, capitalizes on brilliant new insights into the development of civilization. Submissions are regularly sent out to be refereed, and extensive editorial suggestions for revision may be offered. Sino-Platonic Papers emphasizes substance over form.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Download
    Article history: Received 9 Dec. 2013; last revision 16 May 2014; accepted 16 May 2014 On the linguistic 1 history of Kurdish THOMAS JÜGEL Abstract Historical linguistic sources of Kurdish date back just a few hundred years, thus it is not possi- ble to track the profound grammatical changes of Western Iranian languages in Kurdish. Through a comparison with attested languages of the Middle Iranian period, this paper pro- vides a hypothetical chronology of grammatical changes. It allows us to tentatively localise the approximate time when modern varieties separated with regard to the respective grammatical change. In order to represent the types of linguistic relationship involved, distinct models of language contact and language continua are set up. Keywords: Historical linguistics; areal linguistics; grammatical change; Kurdish. Li ser tarîxa zimannasî ya zimanê kurdî 123 Çavkaniyên tarîxî yên zimanê kurdî bes bi qasî çend sedsalan kevn in, lewma em nikarin di zimanê kurdî de wan guherînên bingehî yên rêzimana zimanên îranî yên rojavayî destnîşan bikin. Ev meqale kronolojiyeke fe- razî ya guherînên rêzimanî yên kurdiyê dabîn dike bi rêya muqayesekirina bi wan zimanên xwedan-belge yên serdema îraniya navîn. Bi vî rengî, em dikarin bi awayekî muweqet dem û serdemeke teqrîbî diyar bikin ku tê de ziman û şêwezarên nû ji aliyê guherînên rêzimanî ve jêk cuda bûne. Ji bo berçavkirina awayên têkiliya zim- anî di navbera zimanan de, modêlên cihê yên temasa zimanî û dirêjeya zimanî hatine danîn. سەبارەت بە مێژووی زمانناسیی زمانی کوردی .١ سەرچاوە مێژووە زمانناسییەکانی زمانی کوردی تەنیا بۆ چەند سەدە پێش ئێستا دەگەڕێنەوە، بۆیە ناکرێت شوێن پێی گۆڕانکارییە پڕمانا ڕێزمانییەکانی زمانەکانی ڕۆژئاوای ئێران لەناو زمانی کوردیدا هەڵگرین.
    [Show full text]