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660198-99 Bk Mayr EU 572176 bk Balada US 20/10/10 13:31 Page 12 Leonardo Balada Leonardo Nació en Barcelona el 22 de Septiembre de 1933. Tras cursar sus estudios de piano y teoría en el Conservatorio del Liceu de Barcelona, se trasladó a Nueva York en donde concluyó sus estudios de composición en la Juilliard School en 1960. Entre sus maestros figuran Aaron Copland, Vincent Percichetti y Igor Markevitch. En la actualidad es BALADA catedrático de Composición en la Universidad Carnegie Mellon de Pittsburgh, EE.UU. Algunas de sus obras más conocidas fueron compuestas en un estilo de gran drama dentro de la vanguardia de los años sesenta (Guernica, María Sabina, Steel Symphony, No-res etc.). Posteriormente se le reconoce como pionero en la simbiosis de música étnica con las técnicas vanguardistas, con lo que ha creado un estilo personal e influyente, Caprichos Nos. 2, 3 and 4 estilo iniciado con Sinfonía en Negro- Homenaje a Martin L.King(1968) y Homenajes a Casals y Sarasate(1975). Ha recibido varios premios internacionales y una distinción de la American Academy of Arts and Letters por su relevante carrera y en reconocimiento a su personalidad artística. Andrés Cárdenes, Violin / Conductor Su extensa lista de obras se interpretan regularmente en Europa y América por las principales orquestas y solistas. Entre las primeras figuran las Filarmónicas de Nueva York, Los Ángeles, Israel; la Orquesta de Filadelfia; las Sinfónicas de Pittsburgh, Dallas, Cincinnati, Detroit, New Orleans, Praga, México, Sao Paulo, Barcelona, Jeffrey Turner, Double bass Düsseldorf; Orquestas Nacionales de Washington, Irlanda, España, Colombia, Lima, Lyon, Toulouse, Jerusalén; Philarmonia de Londres; orquestas de las radios de Luxemburgo, BBC(Manchester), Berlín, Leipzig, Helsinki, Pittsburgh Sinfonietta Lawrence Loh Hannover, RTV Española, Moscú, Orq. de Cámara de Chicago, de Lausana, Sinfonietta Checa etc... Entre los directores y solistas contamos a Lorin Maazel, M. Rostropovitch, Frühbeck de Burgos, López-Cobos, Lukas Foss, Mariss Jansons, S. Comissiona, J. Mester, L. Foster, Neville Marriner, Alicia de Larrocha, N.Yepes, Lucero Tena, Ángel Romero, E. Fisk, The American Brass Quintet, el actor-narrador José Ferrer. Ha colaborado con Salvador Dalí, con el premio Nobel de literatura Camilo José Cela, Fernando Arrabal y Antonio Gala. Tiene grabadas un elevado número de sus composiciones en sellos discográficos como Deutsche Grammophone, The Louisville Orchestra Editions, New World, Albany y Naxos Records etc...entre ellas Steel Symphony y Música para Oboe y Orquesta con la Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra dirigidas por Lorin Maazel. Naxos Records está grabando la obra completa de Balada. Ha recibido encargos de un elevado número de prestigiosas instituciones: la Ópera de San Diego, Teatro Real de Madrid, Aspen Festival, Benedum Center for the Performing Arts, The National Endowment for the Arts, Sociedad Estatal del V Centenario (la opera Cristóbal Colón), Orquesta de Cámara de Lausana, las sinfónicas de Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Hartford, Nacional de España, RTV Española, Barcelona, Radio Berlín etc... Compositor primordialmente sinfónico y lírico, ha compuesto varias óperas, entre ellas Zapata, Cristóbal Colón. Esta ópera se estrenó en el Gran Teatro del Liceu de Barcelona en 1989 interpretada por José Carreras y Montserrat Caballé atrayendo atención internacional. La crítica del Washington Times calificó la música de la ópera de obra maestra y el New York Times de ...un regalo a su tierra natal. Esta ópera y su secuela La Muerte de Colón han sido recientemente editadas en CD por Naxos Records. En la temporada 2007-08 se ha estrenado Concierto para Tres Violoncelos y Orquesta por la Orquesta Sinfónica de Radio Berlín, Una Pequeña Música Nocturna en Harlem por la Orquesta Sinfónica de Cámara Húngara y Caprichos No. 4 para contrabajo y orquesta por la Pittsburgh Symphony Chamber Orch. Las óperas de cámara Hangman, Hangman y The Town of Greed se estrenaron en el Teatro de la Zarzuela de Madrid y en el Gran Teatre del Liceu de Barcelona. Su ópera Faust-bal, encargo del Teatro Real de Madrid, con libreto del dramaturgo surrealista Fernando Arrabal tuvo su estreno en Feb. 2009. 8.572176 12 572176 bk Balada US 20/10/10 13:31 Page 2 Leonardo Sin embargo en Caprichos 2, 3 y 4 todos llevan española. II es una meditación con melodía alemana y sombrero IV es un triste lamento basado de una canción irlandesa. BALADA Caprichos No.2 está escrito para violín solista y La obra fue estrenada por la Pittsburgh Symphony (b. 1933) cuerdas (cuarteto de cuerdas u orquesta de cuerdas) y Chamber Orchestra con Andrés Cárdenes como solista, arpa. Es una suite de tres danzas latinoamericanas, el 15 de noviembre de 2005 dirigida por Lawrence Loh. Caprichos Nos. 2, 3 and 4 presentada de manera modernista: I Samba (brasileña), Caprichos No.4 (Quasi Jazz) fue terminado en junio II Tango (argentino), III Jarabe (mejicano) compuesto de 2007 y está dedicado a Jeffrey Turner, principal Caprichos No. 2 (2004) 1 15:06 en Pittsburgh, Pensilvania, en el año 2004. contrabajista de la Pittsburgh Symphony Orchestra. La Caprichos No. 3 (Homenaje a las Brigadas obra fue encargo del Pennsylvania Council on the Arts y 1 I. Samba 5:09 Internacionales), para violín y orquesta de cámara fue estrenada por Jeffrey Turner y la Pittsburgh Symphony 2 II. Tango 5:52 compuesto en 1905 y está dedicada a Andrés Cárdenes. Chamber Orchestra dirigida por Andres Cárdenes el 27 3 III. Jarabe 4:05 Consiste de cinco breves piezas y son un homenaje a las de marzo de 2008. 2 Brigadas Internacionales, un ejército de voluntarios Las ideas de la obra proceden del jazz, desarrolladas Caprichos No. 4, Quasi Jazz (2007) 24:06 procedentes de diversos países que fueron a luchar en de manera libre y modernista mezclado lo tradicional 4 I. Tan-ta Ta, Tan-ta Ta 4:59 España durante la Guerra Civil Española (1936-39). con la vanguardia y consisten de contrabajo solista, 5 II. Down, down, down 6:11 Ellos lucharon al lado de la republica democrática que orquesta de cuerdas, clarinete y piano. El título del 6 III. Entierro (Funeral) 7:17 intentaba defenderse de la sublevación militar del movimiento I, Tan-ta Ta, Tan-ta Ta, imita 7 IV. Swing and Swing 5:38 general fascista Francisco Franco. La eventual derrota fonéticamente el pulso del jazz tradicional. El del gobierno democrático fue un estímulo más para que movimiento II, Down, down, down, es meditativo, triste Caprichos No. 3, Homenaje a las Brigadas Internacionales Hitler iniciara la Segunda Guerra Mundial. y lento basado en el lirismo del Negro-Spiritual. III, (Homage to the International Brigades) (2005) 3 25:06 Durante la guerra, los idealistas voluntarios de las Funeral, es igualmente de pulsación lenta, la de una Brigadas Internacionales cantaban canciones marcha fúnebre que se acerca y desaparece en la 8 I. En la plaza de mi pueblo (In my town square) 4:53 expresando su soledad o su entusiasmo heroico. distancia. Aquí el solista interpreta únicamente notas 9 II. In memoriam 4:54 Utilizando temas folclóricos españoles o de sus propias agudísimas con armónicos. IV, Swing and Swing, es una 0 III. Si me quieres escribir (If you would like to write to me) 4:08 tierras de origen, escribían sus propias letras. danza frenética. ! IV. Lamento (Lament) 6:23 En Caprichos No.3 se hace uso de una selección de @ V. Jota 4:48 esos temas populares de manera libre y modernista. Los Leonardo Balada movimientos I, III y V están basados en danzas Andrés Cárdenes, Solo violin 1, 3, Conductor 1, 2 Jeffrey Turner, Double bass 1, Solo double bass 2 David Premo, Cello 1 Gretchen Van Hoesen, Harp 1, 3 Thomas Thompson, Clarinet 2 Rodrigo Ojeda, Piano 2 Charles Lirette, Trumpet 3 Andrew Reamer, Percussion 3 Pittsburgh Sinfonietta 2, 3 Violin 1: Jeremy Black (concert master / principal), Louis Lev 1, Ellen Chen-Livingston, Sarah Clendenning Violin 2: Jennifer Ross, Lorien Benet Hart 1, Claudia Mahave, Anastasia Storer Viola: Marylène Gingras-Roy 1, Erina Laraby-Goldwasser, Paul Silver, Meng Wang Cello: Adam Liu, Michael Lipman, Gail Czajkowski Double bass: Betsy Heston, Peter Guild Lawrence Loh, Conductor 3 8.572176 2 11 8.572176 572176 bk Balada US 20/10/10 13:31 Page 10 Leonardo Balada (nacido 1933) Leonardo Balada (b. 1933) Caprichos Nos. 2, 3 y 4 Caprichos Nos. 2, 3 and 4 Me asombra la actitud de algunos compositores y hizo mientras desayunábamos en su hotel, el Saint several styles instead of several techniques also puzzles críticos cuando piensan en obras contemporáneas. Se Regiss de Manhattan: Lo que hizo Mondrian ya lo me. A work may be written based on several techniques preguntan: ¿Son estas obras atonales? ¿Usan ideas hacía yo de niño. resulting, or not, in one style, depending on how skillful folclóricas? ¿Están pasadas de moda? ¿Son de Caprichos son una colección de composiciones en the composer is. vanguardia? como si la música tuviera que ser juzgada forma de suites. Consisten de breves obras con solista When I was a student at Juilliard in the late 1950s por su técnica en lugar de su valor artística. ¿Acaso en la y orquesta de cámara. En ellas mezclo ideas the art world was submerged in abstract expressionism historia los compositores realmente creadores estaban tradicionales con procedimientos contemporáneos, and Salvador Dalí, with whom I was collaborating at the sujetos a las prescripciones teóricas o era al revés? Los vanguardista, que formaban parte de mi lenguaje de los time, was dismissed by the intelligentsia as teóricos concebían las técnicas basándose en las obras años 60 y principios de los 70 cuando compuse obras unimportant. So was art-deco. In retrospect we now see de los compositores, a posteriori. Schoenberg con su expresionistas como Guernica y Steel Symphony.
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