1634 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 12,
Also, resolutions of the State Society of Labor and Industry of ing papers, was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs, and Kansas, for reenactment of the Chinese-exclusion law-to the ordered to b& printed. Committee on Foreign .Affairs. ~TON H. BLUNT. By Mr. SHAFROTH: Petitions of B. C. Tormey and Charles Johnson, of Eaton; G. K. Dickerson, of Greeley, and others, of The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com the State of Colorado, against reciprocal trade relations with Cuba munication.from the Secretary of War, transmitting ~ in response admitting sugar free-to the Committee on Ways and Means. to a resolution of the 20th ultimo, a copy of the record and papers ALso, resolutions of the Chamber of Commerce of Sterling, bearing upon the court-martial and military service of Hamilton Colo., and Fruit Growers' Society of Boulder, Colo., in relation H. Blunt, late captain, Forty-ninth United States Volunteer In to the arid-land measure-to the Committee on Irrigation of Arid fantry; which, with the accompanying papeTs, was referred to Lands. the Committee on Military Affairs, and ordered to be printed. By Mr. SHALLENBERGER: Petition of F. A. Thompson and WASHINGTO~, ~""DRIA AND MOUN'l' VERNON RAILWAY. 11 other citizens of Clay Center, Nebr., and Good & Bennett and The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate the sixth 14 other merchants of Cowles, Nebr., against House bill 6578, annual report ofthe Washington, Alexandria and Mount Vernon known as the parcels-post bill-to the Committee on the Post Railway Company; which was referred to the Committee on the Office and Post-Roads. District of Columbia, and ordered to be printed. By n.Ir. SHERMAN: Resolutions of Cigar Makers' Union No. 210, of Rome, N, Y., concerning the Chinese-exclusion act-to the PETITIONS AND :MEMORIALS. Committee on the Judiciary. Mr. LODGE presented petitions of the Megantic Club and sun By Mr. SIDLEY: Petition of Cigar Makers' Union No.122, for dry citizens of Boston, of the Rod and Gun Club and sundry citi exclusion of Chinese-to the Committee on Foreign .Affairs. zens of Northampton, of the South End Gun Club and sundry By Mr. SKILES: Resolution of Plasterers' Union No. 210, of citizens of Newburyport~ in the State of Massachusetts and of Mansfield, Ohio, praying for the further restriction of immigra th~ f~ulty of the University of Illinois, praying that a~ appro tion-to the Committee on Immigration and Naturalization. pnation be made for the erection in the city of Washington of a By Mr. SMITH of illinois: Resolution of Woodworkers' Union statue to the late Prof. Spencer F. Baird; which were referred No. 182, of Cairo, ill., favoring an educational test in the restric to the Committee on the Library. tion of immigration-to the Committee on Immigration and Mr. FAIRBANKS presented petitions of Norman Eddy Post Naturalization. No. 579, of South. Bend; of Thomas J. Brooks Pust ~ No. 322, of By 1\Ir. SPERRY: Resolutions of Central Labor Union of Meri Lafayette; of Basil B. Decker Post, No. 334, of French Lick and den, Conn., and Wood Carvers' Association of New Haven, Conn. of ~akeview Post, No. 246, of Syracuse, of the Deparlme~t of favoring the exclusion of Chinese-to the Committee on Forei~ Indiana, Grand Army of the Republic; and of International Affairs. Broom :Makers' Local Union No.6, American Federation of Labor Also, resolution of New Haven Wood Carvers' Association fav of South B~nd, ~ of the ~~te of Indiana, praying for the enact~ oring restriction of undesirable immigration-to the Committee ment of legiSlation authonzmg the. construction of war vessels in on Immigration and Naturalization. the navy-yards of the country; which were referred to the Com By Mr. STEWART of New York: Resolution ofHorsfell Post, mittee on Naval Affairs. No. 90, of Schenectady, Grand Army of the Republic, Depart He also presented the petitions of B. C. Raymond, of Hamilton; ment of New York, favoring the construction of war ships at the T. R. Tucker~ of Salem ~ and of B. L. Hollester of Muncie all in navy-yards-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. the Sta1:e of Indiana, praying for the passag~ of the so..:Called By Mr. THAYER: Petition of Machinists' Union No. 339, of Grout bill to regulate the manufacture and sale of oleomargarine· Worcester, Mass., American Federation of Labor, favoring the which were referred to the Committee on Agriculture and Fo~ ....construction of war vessels in Government navy-yards-to the estry . Committee on Naval Affairs. Mr. WELLINGTON presented a petition of Iron Molders' By Mr. VAN VOORHIS: Paper to accompany House bill11226, Local Union No.19, American Federation of Labor of Baltimore granting a pension to Isaac Dobbins-to the Committee on In 1\Id., ~raying for the enaA?tment of legislation autho~~izing the con~ valid Pensions. struction of war vessels m the navy-yards of the country· which By Mr. WARNOCK: Paper to accompany House bill11221, was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. ' granting a pension to Cephas Davis-to the Committee on Invalid He also presented petitions of Garfield Council, No. 4 Daugh Pensions. ters of Liberty, of Cumberland, and of Pants Worker's' Local By Mr. WILLIAMS of lllinois: Papers to accompany·House Union No. 114, United Garment Workers of America of Balti bill11223, granting an increase of pension to Martin Schubert more, in the State of Maryland, praying for the reena'ctment of to the Committee on Invalid Pensions. the Chinese-exclusion law; which were referred to the Committee Also, petition of James P. Billington_, for a pension-to the on Immigration. Committee on Invalid Pensions. Mr. WETMORE presented a petition of Ives Post, No. 13, By Mr. VREELAND: Resolutions of Fuller Post, No. 246, and ~rand Army of the Republif. Rhode Island, pray J. M. Brown Post, No. 285, Grand Army of the Republic; Musical mg for the e~tment of le~ation authonzmg the construction Union No. 134, of Jamestown, and Barbers' Union No. 109, of of a battle ship at each Umted States navy-yard having proper Dunkirk, N.Y., favoring the construction of war vessels in Gov facilities to do the work; which was 1·eferred to the Committee ernment navy-yards-to the Committee on Naval Affairs. on Naval .Affairs. Also, resolution of Woman's Missionary Society of the Presby He ~s~ presented petitions of the Rhode Island Mule Spinners' terian Church of Fredonia, N.Y., for an amendment to the Na Assoc1ation, of Pawtucket; of the Providence Branch of the tional Constitution defining legal marriage to be monogamic-to Atlantic Coast Seamen's Union, of Providence; of Bricklayers the Committee on the Judiciary. and Masons' Union No.1, of Providence, and of Carpenters and By Mr. ZENOR: Resolution of Basil B. Decker Post, No. 334, Joiners' Local Union No. 342, of Pawtucket, all of the State of Grand Army of the Republic, of French Lick, Ind., urging that Rhode Island, praying for the reenactment of the Chinese the navy-yards be utilized for the construction of war vessel.&-to exclusion law; which was refeiTed to the Committee on Immi the Committee on Naval Affairs. gration. Mr. Ql! ARLE~ presented a petition of sundry citizens of Water town, WIB.r praymg for therepealof the war taxon bank capital· which was referred to the Committee on Finance. ' SENATE. He also presented a petition of the Wisconsin State Agricultural Convention, praY?ng for the enactment of legislation authorizing WEDNESDAY, February 12, 1902. the use of a portion of the proceeds of public lands for agricul Prayer by the Chaplain, Rev. W. H. MILBURN, D. D. tural and mechanical colleges; which was refe1Ted to the Com The Secretary proceeded to read the Journal of yesterday's pro mittee on Public Lands. ceedings, when, on request of Mr. LoDGE, and by unanimous He also presented a petition of Cigar Makers' Local Union No. consent, the further reading was dispensed with. 61, of La Crosse, Wis., praying for the reenactment of the The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Without objection, the Jour Chinese-exclusion law; which was referred to the Committee on nal will stand approved. Immigration. He also presented a petition of Cigar Makers' Local Union No. WASHINGTON NAVY-YARD. 182, of M;adison, Wis., and a petition of Local Union No. 89, The PRESIDENT pro tempore laid before the Senate a com Metal Polishers, Buffers, Platers, and Brass Workers' Association munication from the Secretary of the Navy, transmitting, in re ~f. Racine, Wis., p~ying for the enactment of legislation author~ sponse to a resolution of the 21st ultimo, copies of all papers and IZmg the construction of war vessels in the navy-yards of the reports relating to the proposed extension of the Washington country; which were referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs.
Navy-Yard, either on the east or west side thereof2 and the esti Mr. FOSTER of Washington presented a petition of David mated cost of such extension, etc.; which, with the accompany- Fard Post, No. 11, Grand Army of the Republic, Department of 1902. OONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1635
Washington, of Ellensburg, Wash., praying for the enactment of Where&s said bill is in the bands of the Senate Judiciary Committee, to whlch it was referred for consideration, and it apJ>eS:ring- thatHon. A. 0. legislation authorizing the construction of war vessels in the BACUN, who is a Senator from the State of Georgia, i:s a member of said navy-yards of the country; which was referred to the Committee committee: on Naval Affairs. Resolved, That he be respectfully requested and earnestly urged to give to said measure the most earnest attention and ca-r-eful investigation and con Mr. PRITCHARD presented a. petition of sundry citizens of sideration and lend his vote and infl.uence and great abilities in securing its Pender County, N.C., praying that an appropriation be made to passage. beautify the old battle ground of Moore's Creek, in that State; Resolved further. That Senator A. S. CLAY and the Representatives of Georgia in the lower Honse of Congress be also requested to assist in having which was referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. this measure of such vital importance enacted into a law. He also presented the petition of Edward Wetherington, of Resolved further, That a copy of this preamble and these resolutions be North Carolina, praying that his claim be referred to the Court immediately forwarded to our Senators and Representatives, respectively. The foregoing resolutions were unanimOllBly adopted at a meeting of Star of Claims..; which was referred to the Committee on Claims. Division, Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, No. 323, held at Augusta, Mr. GAMBLE presented a petition of the Western Live Stock Ga., February 9, 1002. Association of South Dakota~ praying for the enactment of legis Mr. TURNER. Mr. President, I hold in my hand a memorial lation conferring jnri.sdiction upon the circuit and district courts to Congress from the American Anti-Trust League of the United for the District of South Dakota in certain cases, and for other States. The memorial sets forth the existence in this country of pUipOses; which was referred to the Committee on the J udicial-y. certain trusts and combinations, the organization, system, and He also presented a petition of the South Dakota Retail Mer conduct of which are in conflict with the prohibitions of the act chants' Association, praying for the reductionvf lettel-postage to of Congress of July 2, 1900, known as the Sherman anti-trust 1 cent per ounce, etc.; which was referred to the Committee on law. Post-Offices and Post-Roads. The memorial also represents that the fact of the existence of He also presented a petition of E. M. Stanton Post, No. 61, Grand these organizations has been brought to the attention of the At Army of the Republic, Department of South Dakota, of Lead, torney-General with the request that the machinery of the law S. Dak., praying for the enactment af legislation authorizing the provided by the act of C~cr:ress in question be set in motion for construction of war vesse.ls in the navy-yards of the country; their destruction, but that thus far no such action has been taken, which was referred to the Committee on Naval Affairs. and that the league- have been unable to secure any assurances Mr. KEAN presented petitions of sundry citizens of Trenton, that any such action will betaken in the future. Camden, Haddonfield, and Haddon Heights, all in the State of The memorial prn.ys that Congress may investigate these mat New Jersey, praying for the adoption of an amendment to the ters and take such action as it may deem proper to secure the Constitution to prohibit polygamy; which were referred to the vindication of its own laws. Committee on the Judiciary. There are certain allegations in the memorial concerning the He also presented a petition of Local Unicm No.7, Glass. Bottle former business connections of the present Attorney-General and Blowers' Association, American Federation of Labor, of Millville, the moti-ves which they think have operated to. secure nonaction N. J. -praying fo-r the enactment of legislation authorizing the upon his part, concerning which I lmowno-thing. There are a-lso construction of war vessels in the navy-yards of the country; similar allegations concerning hiB predecessor in the office of At which was referred to tha Committee on Naval Affairs~ torney-General. He also presented a petition of Local Union No. 121, United In consenting to become the medium of presenting these grie~ Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of America, of Bridgeton, ances to the Senate I do not wish to be understood as holding N . .J., praying for the repeal of the so-called desert-land act; which any views whatever concerning those matters, but because of the was referred to the Committee on Irrigation and Reclamation of gravity of the questions presented and the high character of this Arid Lands. organization, which I understand to be strictly nonpartisan, I He also presented petitions of the board of chosen freeholders present the memorial, and for the same reasons I ask that it may of the county of Hudson; of 125 members of Newport Council, be referred to the Judiciary Committee and printed in the RECORD No. 199, Junior Order United American Mechanics, of Newport, as a part of our proceedings. and of the American Wire W eaversr Protective Association,. of The PRESIDENT pro. tempore. The Senator from Washing :Belleville, all :in the State of New Jersey~ praying for the reenact ton asks. unanimous consent that the memorial which he presents ment of the Chinese-exclusion law; which were referred ta th~ be printed in the RECORD. Committee on Immigrati01L 1\U. GALLINGER. · :Ptfr. President, it seems to me that if the He also presented petitions of sundry post-office clerks of Ho &mato.r should ask that it. be printed as a document it would be boken and Paterson, in the State of New Jersey, praying for the better. I have not often objected to matters going into the REC enactment of legislation authorizing the classification of the sal ORD,. and yet, inasmuch as the Senator admits that the memorial aries of clerks employed in first and second class post-offices; contains certain allegations against the present Attorney-General which were referred to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post and the late Attorney-General, I do not think it ought to go into Roads. the RECORD. I shall object to it, Mr. President. :Mr. GALLINGER presented a petition of OliverW. Lull Post, Mr. TURNER. I stated that the memorial makes certain alle No.11, Grand Army of the Republic, Department of New Hamp gations concerning the former business connections of the Attor shire, of Milford, N.H., praying for the enactment of legislation ney-General and concerning the motives which are supposed to authorizing the construction of war vessels in the navy-yards of have induced him to take nonaction. I do not think that it would the country~ which was referred to the Committee on Naval sn.bserve any good purpose to print it as a document. My object Affairs. in asking for its insertion in the RECORD was that it might go to Mr. CLAY. I present a petition of Star Division, No. 323, the country with t}le daily presentation of the doings of Congress, Brotherhood of Locomotive Engineers, of Augusta, Ga." praying in order that the country might have information upon this sub fo:r the passage of the so-called Hoar anti-injunction bill, to limit ject. Of course, if the Senator from New Hampshire objects, I the meaning of the word '' conspiracy1 '' and the nse of restra:in suppose that is the end of the matter. ing orders and injunctions in certain cases. I ask that the peti The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The memorial will be referred tion be printed in the REcoRD without the signatures and that it to the Committee on the Judiciary. lie on the table. Mr. HANSBROUGH presented a petition of Louis McLean There being no objection the petition was ordered to lie on the Hamilton Post, No. 15, Grand Army of the Republic, Department table and to be printed in the RECORD, as follows: . of North Dakota. of Grafto-n, N.Dak., praying for the enactment of legi..slation authorizing the construction of war vessels in the Whereas there is pen.ding in the Senate of the United States, introduced br ;the Hon. GEORGE F. HoAR, Senator from the State of Massachusetts, a. navy-yards of the country; which was referred to the Committee bill to limit the meaning of the word "conspiracy" and the use of "restrain on Naval Affairs. ing orders and injunctions" in certain cases, commonly 1."nown as the "Hoar Mr. CLARK of Montana presented a petition of Henry W. Law anti-injtuiction bill," the full text o{ whlch is as .foll.!?ws: "Be it enacted, etc., That no agreement, combm.atio~ or contra-ct by or be ton Camp, No. 24r Spanish-American War Veterans. of Butte, tween two or more persons to do or procure to be done, or not to do or pro Mont#, praying far the enactment of legislation for the relief of cure to be done, any act in contemplation or furtherance of any trade dispu.te volunteer officers and soldiers who served in the Philippine Islands between employers and employees in the District of Columbia or in any 1l'er ritory of the United States, or may be engaged in trade or commerce between beyond the period of their enlistment; which was refeiTed to the the Eeveral States or between any Territory and another, or between any Committee on Military Affairs. Territory or Territories and any State or States or the Distr-ict of Columbia, Mr. CULBERSON. M:r. President, it is probably within safe or with foreign nations, or between the District of Columbia and any State or States or foreign nations, sha.Il be deemed criminal, no!" shall those engaged limits to say that during the past year the boll weevil destroyed therein be indictable or otherwise. punished for the crime of oons~iracy if 30(),000 bales of cotton in Texas.. The extent of its: ravages in such act committed by one person would not be punishable as a cnme, nor the past few years-- shall such agreement, combm.ation, or contJ:act be considered as in restraint of trade or commerce, nor shall any rest!"a.ining order or injunction be issued Yr. HOAR. Will the Senator be kind enough to speak a little with relation thereto. Nothing in this act shall exempt from punishment louder? He is not very well heard on this side of the Chamber. otherwise than as herein excepted any person guilty of conspiracy for which :Mr. CULBERSON. I stated that it would probably be within punishment is now provided in any act of Congress, hut sn:ch act of Congress shan as to the agreements, combinations, and contracts hereinbefore referred safe limits to say that the boll weevil during the past year to be construed ;:tS if this act were therein containedj" and destroyed 300,000 bales of cotton in Texas. On account of the 1636 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 12;
ravages of this pest, grave apprehension is felt for the future as United Mine Workers of America, of Madrid, in the State of Iowa, to the cultivation of cotton, particularly in the central, south praying for the reenactment of the Chinese-exclusion law; which eastern, and southwestern portions of our State. were referred to the Committee on Immigration. It is, of course, impossible to say at this time what may be He also presented petitions of Mrs. F. H. Sherwood and sundry accomplished toward arresting the operations of this pest, but other citizens of Martinsburg, of the Woman's Christian Temper something, perhaps, is being done. In line with what is being ance Union of Tabor,of A. L. Campbell and sundry other citizens done by the Department of Agriculture I present, at the request of Lebanon, of Rev. W. H. McCuskey and sundry other citizens of the Representative from the Tenth district of Texas, a petition of Volga, of John Anderson and sundry other citizens of Cedar signed by a number of citizens of that district, asking relief from Rapids, and of R. P. Smith and sundry other citizens of Ida Grove, Congress on the subject, and in consequence of its importance I all in the State of Iowa, praying for the adoption of an amend ask that it may be printed in the RECORD, without the signatures, ment to the Constitution to prohibit polygamy; which were re because it is short and will not occupy a great deal of space. ferred to the Committee on the Jndiciury. There being no objection, the petition was referred. to t.he He also presented petitions of Trinity City Musical Society, Committee on Agriculture and Forestry, and ordered to be printed American Federation of Music, of Davenport; of Retail Clerks' in the RECORD, as follows: Local Union No. 395, of Centerville; of the Trades and Labor .A& THE STATE OF TEXAS, County of Jackson: sembly of Centerville; of the Trades and Labor Assembly of To th.e Congress of the United States: Keokuk; of Tailors' Local Union No. 160, of Cedar Rapids; We, the undersigned citizens of said county a.nd Sta.te, respectfully ask the of Local Union No. 299, International Association of Machin privilege of submitting for your consideration a question of vita.! importance to the cotton industry of the South, to wit: ists, of Marshalltown; of Barbers' Local Union No. 19, of Os We live and do business in a. section of country where cotton, our staple kaloosa, all of the American Federation of Labor, and of E. C. crop is stricken and ravaged by the Mexican cotton weevil. It is only those Buckner Post, No. 154, Department of Iowa, Grand Army of the who live in the weevil-infested ilistricts a.nd have seen and experienced the disastrous effects of this pest upon the country who can fully appreciate the Republic, of Eldora, all in the State of Iowa, praying for the en i.mporta.nce of finding a remedy for exterminating or controlling this enemy actment of legislation authorizing the construction of war vesseL of cotton. in the navy-yards of the country; which were referred to the -In 1896 the weevil first made its a.ppea.ra.nce in our country, but did little da.ma.ge to the crop in that year. Up to that year our la.na8 yielded vari Committee on Naval Affairs. ously from one-half to 1 bale of cotton per a.cre. In 1897 the weevil ha.d so Mr. PENROSE presented petitions of L. R. Tiper Post, No. 454, tnu\tiplied, developed in such force, tha.t the same lands with the same culti of Hopewell; of Robert Aldhen Post, No. 527, of South Bethle vation required from 6 to 10 acres to produce 1 ba.le bale of cotton. Cold weather seems to ha.ve but little effect upon them, a.nd in sections of heavy hem; of William H. Child Post, No. 226, of Marietta; of Major a.nd frequent rainfall they increase a.nd spread with greater rapidity. W. G. Lowy Post No. 548, of Wilkinsburg; of I. C. Markle Post, The rap~dity with which they are extending over the cotton belt of Texas No. 623, of West Newton, all of the Department of Pennsylvania, is a.larmin~, and we feeljustifled in predicting tha.t unless they are checked or extermmated they will in a comparatively short period spread over the Grand Army of the Republic; of Journeymen Barbers' Local entire cotton belt of the United States, and m the event of tha.t direful ca Union No. 266, of Sunbury, and of Journeymen Barbers' Inter lamity we will see our own country importing instead of exporting cotton. national Union No. 203, of Reading, of the American Federation Aside from the value and importance of this crop to the cotton factories of the comitry and to the commerce of the United States a.nd aside from the of Labor, in the State of Pennsylvania, praying for the enactment value of the cotton-seed products, such n.s oil, meal, etc., the value of the crop of legislation authorizing the construction of war vessels in the a.s it is sold by the farmer entitles it to the highest consideration. navy-yards of the country; which were referred to the Committee The Government's estimate for 1001 is 9,6U,
0f the Revised Statutes of the United States, reported it without nesses so taken or procured shall be given only before officials where the laws of the place of taking enforce the attendance of witnesses and provide for amendment, and submitted a report thereon. the punishment of persons who may be guilty of perjury before such officials. Mr. BURNHAM, from the Committee on Claims, to whom was That said Comm.J.SSion is hereby authorized to designate any suitable per refen-ed the bill (S. 918) for the relief of Alphonso M. Potvin, re sons connected therewith to serve all process issued by said Commission in the District of Columbia preserve order in the place of sitting, and execute ported it without amendment, and submitted a report thereon. the orders of the said Commission; and outside of the District of Columbia Mr. KEARNS, from the Committee on Mines and Mining, to the writs of said Commission shall be executed by United States marshals or whom was refen-ed the bill (S. 150) for the establishment of an their deputies in their respective districts. When testimony is to be taken before any commissioner appointed by assay office at Provo City, Utah, reported it without amendment. said Commission within any district or Territory, the clerk of any court of Mr. WARREN, from the Committee on Claims, to whom were the United States for such district or Territory shall, on application of referred the following bills, reported them severally without either party, or of his - ~g-ent issue a subprena for such witness, commanding him to appear and testify before the commissioner at a time and place stated amendment, and submitted reports thereon: in the subpama; and if any witness, after being duly served with such sub A bill (S. 208) for the relief of J eronemus S. Underhill; prena, refuses or neglects to appear, or after appearmg refuses to testify,not A bill (S. 2604) to pay certain Treasury settlements; and being privileged from giving testimony, and suchrefusa.lorneglect is proven to the satisfaction of any judge of the court whose clerk issues the subprena, A bill (S. 925) for the relief of the legal representatives of such judge may proceed to enforce obedience to the process, or punish the Chauncey M. Lockwood. disobedience, as any court of the United States may proceed in case of disobe Mr. SIMMONS, from the Committee on Public Buildings and dience to process of subprena to testify issued by said court; and the produc tion before such commis...<:Soner of any paper or writing, written instrument, Grounds, to whom was referred the bill (S. 2897) providing for book, or other docUITlent, may also be required in the manner prescribed in the erection of a public building in the city of Durham, N.C., section 869 of Revi$·3d Statutes of the United States. reported it without amendment, and submitted a report thereon. Mr. KEAN, from the Committee on Claims, to whom were re Mr. HOAR. I think I should like to have that bill stand over. ferred the following bills, reported them severally without amend If I may be allowed before objecting to make one suggestion, I ment, and submitted reports thereon: will state that it vests in a tribunal which is not a court the power A bill (S. 1928) for the relief of G. H. Sowder; and to punish witnesses for contempt. That involves the power to A bill (S. 1024) for the relief of Larrabee & Allen. sentence to imprisonment without limit absolutely, as I under Mr. CULLOM, from the Committee on Foreign Relations, re stand it, unless there be some statute regulation of that power ported an amendment proposing to increase the salary of the which I do not recall now. It seems to me very questionable-! United States minister to Persia from $5,000 to$7,500, intended to do not wish to express an opinion now-that we should inaugu be proposed to the diplomatic and consular appropriation bill, and rate, or if we ever have inaugurated, that we should extend the moved that it be referred to the Committee on Appropriations policy of giving the power of commitment for contempt to tribu and printed; which was agreed to. nals which are not judicial tribunals within the constitutional Mr. GALLINGER, from the Committee on Naval Affairs, re sense. Therefore, I should like to have the matter stand over. ported an amendment proposing to appropriate $754,000 for the Mr. BATE. Mr. President, I rose to ask that the bill might go removal of Hendersons Point, near the navy-yard, Portsmouth, over, because from the reading I see how important and far N.H., intended to be proposed to the river and harbor appropria reaching it is. It proposes to give the Commission the power of tion bill, and moved that it be referred to the Committee on Com a court to punish persons for contempt and other offenses. I also merce and printed; which was agreed to. want to have the bill go over. It is one of that character of bills that should not be allowed to pass without critical examination PRINTING OF BULLETINS. and being understood. Mr. PLATT of New York, from the Committee on Printing, to Mr. CULLOM. I, of course, can not object to its going over, whom was referred the concurrent resolution submitted by Mr. but I hope the Senators who object now will allow us to take it McMILLAN on the 6th instant, reported it without amendment; and up for consideration as soon as possible, because the members of it was considered by unanimous consent, as follows: the Commission are very anxious to have some such bill passed in Resolved by the Senate (the House of Representatives concurring), That there order to prosecute the work of the Commission. be printed and bound in cloth !,(XX) copies of each of the followmg bulletins of the Bureau of Rolls and Library of the Department of State, namely, Cal The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will be placed on the endars of the Correspondence of Thomas Jefferson, James Madison, and James Calendar. Monroe, l,CXX> copies for the use of the Senate, 2,CXX> copies for the use of the Mr. HOAR subsequently said: Mr. President, I have read care House of Representatives, and l,CXX> copies for distribution by the Department fully the bill for which the Senator from illinois [Mr. CULLOM], of State. from the Committee on Foreign Relations, a while ago asked Mr. HOAR. What is the number of copies for distribution by present consideration, and I desire to withdraw my objection. the Senate? The bill seems to be very carefully guarded and to pursue the Mr. PLATT of New York. One thousand for the Senate and course followed in other bills in regard to such matters. 2,000 for the House. Mr. BERRY. The Senator from Tennessee [Mr. BATE] also Mr. HOAR. It seems to me that that is an unusually small objected to the consideration of the bill. I do not now see him in number. We shall have a great mass of applications for copies. his seat, and I am not willing to have the bill taken up in his Mr. PLATT of New York. I would not care to increase the absence. I shall, therefore, object to its consideration until the number. Senator from Tennessee comes in. Mr. HOAR. Very well, I will not insist on it. Mr. CULLOM. Let the bill lie over until the Senator from The concurrent resolution was agreed to. Tennessee comes in. I shall then ask that it be taken up. Mr. McCUMBER, from the Committee on Pensions, to whom was referred the bill (S. 577) granting an increase of pension to ARIZONA EXHIBIT AT ST. LOUIS EXPOSITION. Joseph W. Burch, reported it with amendments, and submitted Mr. BURNHAM. I am directed by the Select Committee on a report thereon. Industrial Expositions, to whom was referred the bill (S. 3090) to SPANISH TREATY CLAmS COMliiSSION. approve and ratify an act of the legislative assembly of the Terri Mr. CULLOM. I am directed by the Committee on Foreign tory of Arizona, entitled "An act to provide for the collection, Relations, to whom was referred the bill (S. 3654) to vest in the arrangement, and display of the products of the Territory of Spanish Treaty Claims Commission certain powers possessed by Arizona at the international exposition to be held in St. Louis circuit and district courts of the United States, to report it favor in 1903," approved March 21, 1901, to report it with an amend ably with a small amendment, and I ask that the bill be now con ment in the nature of a substitute. sidered. The members of the Spanish Treaty Claims Commission Mr. VEST. I ask the Senate to consider the bill at this time. are very anxious for immediate legislation on the subjeot, and I It is a mere formal matter. think there will be no objection to the bill. I hope it will be put The Secretary read the bill; and, by unanimous consent, the on its passage. Senate, as in Committee of the Whole, proceeded to its considera The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The bill will be read in full to tion. the Senate for its information. The amendment of the Select Committee on Industrial Exposi The Secretary read the bill, as follows: tions was to strike out all after the enacting clause and insert: Be it enacted, etc., That the Spanish Treaty Claims Commission\ being a That act numbered So of the le~lative assembly of the Territory of Ari Commission created by an act entitled "An act to carry into effect tne stipu zona approved March 21, 1001, entitled "An act to provide for the collection, lations of article 7 of the treaty between the United States and Spain con arrangement, and display of the products of the Territory of Arizona at the cluded on the lOth day of December, 1898," approved March 2, 1001, in addition international exposition to be held at St. Louis in 1900," be, and the same to the powers vested in ~id Commission under and by virtue of sa!d ~t, be~ hereby is, approved and ratified. and is hereby, vested With the 111ame powers now possessed by the cll'crut ana district courts of the United States to compel the attendance and testimony The amendment was agreed to. of parties, claimants, and witnesses, to freserve order and to punish for con tempt, and to compel the production o any books or papers deeme<;I mate Mr. PLATT of Connecticut. Why is it necessary that Con rial to the consideration of any claim or matter pending before S8J.d Com gress should approve an a-ct of the Territory of Arizona? Is it nrission. not the law that all acts of Territories are valid unless disapproved That said Spanish Treaty Claims Commission is also vested with all the powers now possessed by the circuit and district courts of the United States by Congress? I should like to have an explanation from the to take or procure testimony in foreign countries. The testimony of wit- Senator. 1638 CONGRESSrONAL RECORD- SENATE; FEBRUARY 12, ,
Mr. VEST. There is a provision in the organic act of the Ter erally read twice by their titles, and referred to the Committee ritory of Arizona which requires that when they appropriate on Pensions: money by an act of the TeiTitorial legislature for other than the A bill (S. 3810) granting a pension to Isabella Brockway (or necessary routine expenses of the Territory Congress shall give St. John); its approval. A bill (S. 3811) granting a pension to Mary A. Artman (with Mr. PLATT of Connecticut. That is all right. an accompanying paper); The bill was reported to the Senate as amended, and the amend A bill (S. 3812) granting a pension to Michael J. Madden; and ment was concurred in. A bill (S. 3813) granting an increase of pension to Condy Ma The bill was ordered to be engrossed for a third reading, read nelius (with an accompanying paper). the third time, and passed. . Mr. PRITCHARD introduced a bill (S. 3814) for the relief of The title was amended so as to read: Mary A. Payne; which was read twice by its title, and, with the A bill to approve and ratify an act of the legislative assembly of the accompanying papers, referred to the Committee on Claims. Territory of Arizona, entitled "An act to provide for the collection, ar He also (by request) introduced a bill (S. 3S15) for the relief of rangement and display of the products of the Territory of Arizona at the International Exposition to be held at St. Louis in 1903." John A. :McFarland, administrator of the estate of Malcolm McArthur, deceased; which was read twice by its title, and re BILLS Al-ITD JOINT RESOLUTION INTRODUCED. fenr d to the Committee on Claims. Mr. MILLARD introduced a bill (S. 3789) relating to the juris E.o also introduced a bill (S. 3816) granting a pension to Robert diction on appeals in the court of appeals of the District of Co B. Courts; which was read twice by its title, and, with the ac lumbia and transcripts on appeals in said court; which was read companying paper. referred to the Committee on Pensions. twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on the Judicia1·y. 1\Ir. WELLINGTON introduced a bill (S. 381'1) for the relief of He also introduced a bill (S. 379()) to provide for quieting claims Isabella Ray l\1cGunnegle, widow of the late Lieut. Commander of title to public lands; which was read twice by its title, and re Wilson McGunnegle, United States Navy; which was read twice ferred to ihe Committee on Public Lands. by its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. He also introduced a bill {S. 3791) to provide suitable medals He also introduced a bill (S. 3818) granting an increase of pen for the officers and crew of the United·States vessel of war Kear sion to Isabella Ray McGunnegle; which was read twice by its sarge; which was read twice by its title, and refelTed to the Com title, and refeiTed to the Committee on Pensions. mittee on Naval Affairs. Mr. BARD introduced a bill (S. 3819) granting a pension to He also introduced a bill (S. 3792) granting an increase of pen William A. P. Fellows; which was read twice by its title, and sion to :Marietta Elizabeth Stanton; which was read twice by its referred to the Committee on Pensions. title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. Mr. GALLINGER intrOduced a bill (S. 3820) granting an in He also introduced a bill (S. 3793) granting a pension to Sarah crease of pension to Warren B. Judd; which was read twice by H. H. Lowe; which was read twice by its title, and, with the its title, and referred to the Committee on Pensions. accompanying papers, referred to the Committee·on Pensions. 1\Ir. HANSBROUGH introduced a bill (S. 3821) to extend the He also introduced a bill (S. 3794) to provide for the erection time for presentation of claims under the act entitled "An act to of a public building at Norfolk, in the State of Nebraska; which reimburse the governors of States and Territories for expenses in was read twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Pub curred by them in aiding the United States to raise and organize lic Buildings and Grounds. and supply and equip the Volunteer Army of the United States Mr. RAWLINS introduced a bill (S. 3795) granting a pension in the existing war with Spain," approved July 8, 1898, and under to Samuel N . King; which was read twice by its title, and, V\-ith acts amendatory thereof; which was read twice by its title, and, the accompanying paper, referred to the Committee on Pensions. with the accompanyip.gpaper, referred to the Committee on Mili He also introduced a bill (S. 3790) granting additional lands ad tary Affairs. jacent to its site to the University of Utah, and for other pur Ml·. LODGE introduced a bill (S. 3822) to amend the military poses; which wa.s read twice by its title, and, with the accom record of Henry W. Dunbrack; which was read twice by its title, panyin()' papers, referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. and referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. He also introduced a bill (S. 3797) authorizing the Secretary of He also introduced a bill (S. 3 23) to establish a light-house on War to deliver old pieces of ordnance to the Indian war veterans; the Graves, at the mouth of Boston Harbor, to mark the entrance which was read twice by its title, and, with the accompanying to the new Broad Sound Channel; which was read twice by its papeT, referred to the Committee on Military Affairs. title, and referred to the Committee on Commerce. ltfr. TALIAFERRO intmduced a bill (S. 3798) for the relief of Mr. ALLISON. I introduce, by request, a bill, to be referred Mariah L. Trowell~ administratrix of Benjamin F . Trowell, de to the Committee on Post-Offices and Post-Roads. I wish to say ceased; which wa-s read twice by its title, and referTed to the Com that I would be glad to have the committee look into the matter mittee on Claims. as I think the bill has some merit. ' 1\Ir. MALLORY introduced a bill (S. 3799) providing for the The bill (S. 3824) providing for the manner of payment of post erection of a public building at the city of Fernandina, Fla., and age on books, catalogues, and other printed matter was read for other purposes; which was read twice by its title, and referred twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Post-Offices to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds. and Post-Roads. MT. HEITFELD intToduced a bill (S. 3800) to grant certain Mr. ALLISON introduced the following bills; which were sev lands to the State of Idaho; which was read twice by its title, and erally read twice by their titles, and referred to the Committee on referred to the Committee on Public Lands. Military Affairs: l\1r. BERRY (for :Mr. Jol'."ES of Arkansas) introduced a bill (S .. A bill (S. 3825) authorizing the appointment as a brigadier 3801) for the relief of Jacob P . Stroope; which was read twice by general on the retired list of a medical officer on the retired list its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. for distinguished service; He also (for Mr. JoNEs of Arkansas) introduced a bill (S. 3802) A bill (S. 3826) for the relief of Catha1ine Brown; to correct the military record of Daniel Smith; which was read A bill (S. 3827) removing the charge of desertion from the rec twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on :Military Af ord of Abraham Judd; and fairs. A bill (S. 3828) removing the charge of desertion from the rec 1\IT. FAIRBANKS introduced the following bills; which weTe ord of James A. Bell. severally read twice by their titles, and referred to the Commit Mr. ALLISON introduced the following bills; which were sev tee on Pensions: erally read twice by their titles, and referred to the Committee A bill (S. 3 03) granting an increa-se of pension to Philip Caslow; on Claims: A bill (S. 3804) granting an increase of pension to Frederick C. A bill ( S. 3829) for the relief of B. F. Moody & Co. or their legal Waterman; representatives; and A bill (S. 3805) granting an increase of pension to John ):J. A bill (S. 3830) for the relief of G. G. Davisson. Cooper; and Mr. ALLISON introduced the following bills; which were sev A bill (S. 3806) granting an increase of pension to Andl·ew 1\f. erally read twice by their titles, and referred to the Committee on Banks. • Pensions: 1\Ir. PENROSE introduced a bill (8. 3807) for the relief of Mary A bill (S. 3831) granting an increase of pension to Owen D. F. B. Grice; which was read twice by its title, and referTed to the Lovejoy; Committee on Claims. A bill (S. 3832) granting an increase of pension to Seth L. Craig; He also intToduced the follo-wing bills; which were severally and read twice by their titles, and referred to the Committee on Mili A bill (S. 3833) granting an increase of pension to Alexander tary Affairs: R. Fuller. A bill (S. 3808) to correct the military record of John C. Webb; Mr. CULBERSON introduced a bill (S. 3834) to provide for the and purchase o~ a site and the erection of a public building thereon at A bill (S. 3809) to correct the military record of John Piles. Sherman, m the State of Texas; which was read twice by its title Mr. PENROSE introduced the following bills; which were sev- and referred to the Committee on Public Buildings and Grounds: i902. CONGRESSIONAL· RECORD-SENATE. 1639·
1 !Ir. MORGAN introduced the following bills; which were sev Mr. COCKRELL. I should like to ask about how many em r erally read twice by their titles, and referred to the Committee ployees there are in the Census Office. l·on Claims: Mr. LODGE. That is what I want to find out. A hill (S. 3835) for the relief of the estate of Preston Smith, de- :Mr. COCKRELL. The resolution simply calLs for a list of the ceased; employees. 1 A bill (S. 3836) for the relief of the estate of lt{ills Jenkins, de- Mr. LODGE. It does, and when appointed. 1 ceased; and Mr. COCKRELL. I did not understand that it said when ap 1 A bill (S. 3837) for the relief of Sophia H. Fitts (with accom pointed. f panying papers). Mr. LODGE. The date of appointment. If desired, I will add . Mr. MITCHELL introduced a bill (S. 3838) to refer to the the amount of the compensation. :Court of Claims the claim for the Tunxis; which was read twice Mr. COCKRELL. Let the resolution be read again. by its title, and referred to the Committee on Claims. The Secretary again read the resolution. Mr. McENERY introduced a bill (S. 3839) to authorize the Sec- Mr. GALLINGER. I suggest that the resolution shall call for 1retary of the Treasury to adjust the accounts of Morgan's Loui the date of appointlllent and compensation in each casa, if the ,ID_ana. and Texas Railroad and Steamship Company for transport SenatDl' does not object. ing the United States mails; which was read twice by its title, and 1\Ir. LODGE. Certainly not. !want to make it as full as pos referred to the Committee on Claims. sible. I suggest that the resolution be modified by making it read Mr. LODGE intJ:oduced a bill (S. 3840) for the relief of Harrison "the date of appointment, the State whence appointed, and the ~ Loring; which was read twice by its title, and referred to the amount of compensation." Committee on Claims. Mr. GALLINGER. That will do. Mr. BERRY introduced a joint resolution (S. R. 55) directing The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The resolution will be so the Secretary of War to cause an examination to be made to de modified. termine if there is probability and danger of the Mississippi River Mr. COCKRELL. That is, to put in the date when appointed. cutting through the space dividing such river from the St. Francis The PRESIDENT pro tempore. And the compensation. River in the vicinity of Walnut Bend: Ark.; which was read Mr. COCKRELL. And the State from which the appointment twice by its title, and referred to the Committee on Commerce. was made and the compensation? AMENDMENTS TO BILLS. Mr. ALLISON. There may be some appointed from the Dis tli.ct of Columbia, and it might be well to say" including tho Mr. KEAN submitted an amendment proposing to increase the District of Columbia.'' grade of the United States consulate at Geneva, Switzerland, from Mr. LODGE. Yes; "theplacewhenceappointed," so as to in Class VI to Class V, intended to be proposed by him to the diplo clude the District of Columbia. matic and consular appropriation bill; which was referred to the Mr. GALLINGER. And the Territories? Committee on Foreign Relations, and ordered to be printed. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Secretary will read the Mr. PENROSE submitted an amendment intended to be pro resolution as modified. posed by him to the bill (H. R. 832'7) to amend an act entitled The Secretary read the resolution as modified, as follows: •'An act for the protection of the lives of miners in the Territo Resolved, That the Secretary of the Interior be and he is hereby, directed ries;" which was referred to the Committee on Mines and Mining, to send to the Senate a list of the persons employed at the present time in the and ordered to be printed. Census Office, stating the nature of the duties performed, and the date of Mr. GAMBLE submitted an amendment proposing to increase appointment, place whence appointed, and amount of compensation in each the grade of the United States consulate at Munich, Bavaria, from ca-se. Class V to Class ill, intended to be proposed by him to the diplo The resolution as modified was agreed to. matic and consular appropriation bill; which. was referred to the ADELBERT AMES. Committee on Foreign Relations, and ordered to be printed. Mr. PRITCHARD submitted the following resolution; which WHELPLEY'S " NATION A.S A LAND OWNER." was refe1Ted to the Committee on Privileges and Elections: Mr. GIBSON. I move that the pamphlet entitled" The Nation Rl!$olved by the Senate of the United State$ of America, That the Secretary of the Senate be, and hereby is, authorized and direeted to pay to Adelbert as a Land Owner," by J.D. Whelplel~ reprinted, by permission Ames, formerly a Senator from the State of Mississippi, the sum of $4,876.71, of Harper & Bros., from Harper's Weekly, issues of Novem due him as a Senat.or of the United States in the Forty-first Congress, from ber 30, December 7, and December 14, 1901, be printed as a doc the 4th of March, 1889, to the 22d of February, 1870, to be paid from the mis ument and Teferred to the Committee on Public Lands. It is an cellaneous items of the contingent fund of the Senate. interesting statement of the present condition of the public lands, SCHOOLS OF MINING AND METALLURGY. and also contains something on the question of irrigation. :Mr. SCOTT. I move that the bill (S. 634) to apply a portion of The motion was agreed to. the proceeds of the sale of the public lands to the endowment, EMPLOYME.J.TI OF ASSISTANT CLERK, support, and maintenance of schools or departments of mining ' Mr. HANNA submitted the following Tesolution; which was and metallurgy in the several States and Territories in connec referred to the Committee to Audit and Control the Contingent tion with the colleges for the benefit of agriculture and the me Expen es of the Senate: chanic arts established in accordance with the provisions of an Resolt•ed, That the Committee on Enrolled Bills ba, and it is hereby, au act of Congress approved July 2, 1862, be recommitted to the Com thorized to employ en assistant clerk, to be paid from the miscellaneous Items mittee on ltiines and Mining. of the contingent fund of the Senate, at the rate of $1,440 per annum, until otherwise provided for by law. The motion was agreed to. PARK SYSTEM OF THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.. PERMANENT CENSUS OFFICE. Mr. GALLINGER submitted the following concuiTent resolu Mr. QUARLES. I desh·e to give notice that to-morrow morn tion; which was refetTed to the Committee on Printing: ing after the routine business I shall ask the Senate to take up for Re$olved by the Senate (the House of Repre$entatives concurring), That consideration during the morning hour the bill commonly known there be printed and bound in cloth 10,000 copies of Senate Report No.166, I as the permanent census bill. Fifty-seventh Congress, first session, being the report on the improvement of the park system of the District of Columbia, 4,00)_copies for ;the use of the 1tfr. LODGE. I want to say, in regard to the notice just given Senate and 6,000 copies for the use of the House of Representatives. by the Senator from Wisconsin [Mr. QUARLES], that I appreciate PHILIPPINE CUSTOMS TARIFF. the importance of the bill which he desires to bring up. I know there is a great pressure to have it immediately acted upon, but Mr. LODGE submitted the following resolution; which was it is a bill that is going to give rise to a good deal of debate and is considered by unanimous consent, and agreed to: going to consume, in my opinion, a great deal of time. I shall be Re$ol ve~ That there be printed for the use of the War Department 1,000 forced, therefore, though very reluctantly, to oppose its being copies of bena.te Document Nt;J. 1TI, Fifty-~_veJ?.th Congress, f!-rst session, entitled "Correspondence relatmg to the Philippme customs tariff." taken up at the expense of the unfinished business of the Senate. THE CENSUS OFFICE. I will also say to the Senator from Wisconsin that I have this morning asked for information in regard to that matter, which I Mr. LODGE. I submit a resolution, for which I ask present think we ought to have furnished before we take up the bill for consideration. discussion. The resolution was read, as follows: Mr. GALLINGER. Mr. President, my attention was attracted Resolved, That the Secretary of the Interior be, and he is hereby, directed to send to the Senate a list of the persons eml;)loyed at the present time in by the suggestion made by the Senator from Wisconsin [Mr. the Census Office, stating the nature of the duties performed and the date of QuARLES] to the fact that I reported a bill on the 16th of Jan appointment in each case. uary, which has been four times favorably reponed from the The PRESIDENT pm tempore. Is there objection to the pres Committee on Commerce, and has twice passed the Senate with ent consideration of the resolution? out division, to promote the efficiency of the Revenue-Cutter Serv The Senate, by unanimous consent, proceeded to consider the ice. I am very desirous to have that bill considered at an early resolution. day, and will now say that if an opportunity presents on Friday , 1640 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE.
subjects entering the portB of the Philippine Islands until the expiration of at the conclusion of t~ morning business I shall ask the Senate the ten years mentioned in article 4 of the Treaty of Paris of December 10, to consider it. I think it will take but very little time. 1898...... Mr. QUARLES. As the Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. And further provided, Tbat the Philippine Commission shall be authorized and empowered to issue licenses to all vessels or other craft now engaged in . LoDGE] has well observed, there is a very great pressure brought lighterage or other exclusively harbor business; but after the passago of this to bear upon me, and I presume ·upon other .Senators, for the act such licenses, except as herein provide~ shall be issued only to vessels or speedy consideration of the permanent census bill. I need not other craft built in the Philippine Islands, or in the United States and owned by citizens of the United States or by inha.bitants of the Philippine Islands. mention the reasons which prompt that pressure. They are .And it shall be the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury as soon after the obvious to every Senator. approval of this act as practicable, to make and promulgate such rules and Of course, when this matter is presented-and I shall try to regulations P..s may be necessary for the nationalization of all vessels built in the United States or in the Philippine Islands and owned, at the da.te of the present it at an early day to the Senate-the question will be, approval of this act and thereafter, by inha.biU:mta of sa.id isl&nds not subjects whether we shall not, after all, be expediting business on the or citizens of a.nyforeignnation; and no inlmbitantof said Philippine Islands, whole by using the morning hour for other business and allow not the subject or citizen of any foreign nation, possessed of the other quali fications required by existin~ law to act as an officer of a merchant ves361 of ing the regula~· order of business to be taken up every afternoon the United States, shall be disqualified as an officer of·anlvessel nationalized at 2 o'clock. I think the experience we have had already in this in accordance with the provisions of this act by reason o not being a citizen discussion will demonstrate that we are making a mistake by of the United States. confining the attention of the Senate to the regular order of busi Mr. TELLER. Mr. President, after I surrendered the floor ness during the morning hour. We can transact here every yesterday there was some discussion which was foreshadowed by morning a considerable amount of business and not materially the question the Senator from Connecticut [Mr. PLATT] had intenupt or impede the general discussion. I shall hope that asked me about the sentiment of the people of the-Philippine Is when the time comes .the Senate may consider the proposition lands. Before I take up any other proposition I want to say a favorably. few words on that point and also a few words about the state ENROLLED BILLS SIGNED. ment made by the Senator from Connecticut in the course of a A message from the House of Representatives by Mr. W. J. speech. I can not put my eye at the moment on the part of the BROWNrnG, its Chief Clerk, announced that the Speaker of the Senator's speech to which I refer, but I recall it very well. He House had signed the following enrolled bills; and they were said that I had said that the United States is rightfully in the Phil thereupon signed by the President pro tempore: ippine Islands. I have never said that, Mr. Pl.·esident. What I A bill (S. 946) to amend section 4400 of the Revised Statutes of said was that by international law we were undoubtedly there the United States, relative to a reciprocal recognition of boiler under its terms. inspection certificates between the several maritime nations having I also said the other day that there was nobody who would con m :l.rine-inspection laws: test our right there except the Filipinos. No nation in the world A bill (H. R. 9315) making appropriations to supply urgent de is going to raise any question with us if we take the entire sov ficiencies in the appropriations for the fiscal year ending June 30, ereignty and insist on the right to subjugate and oppress the 1902, and for prior years, and for other purposes; and people of those islands who came to us by our cession from Spain. A bill (H. R. 10076) to receive anearages of taxes due the Dis I have said, therefore, that our rights in the Philippines did not trict of Columbia to July 1,1900, at 6 per cent per annum, in lien seem to me to be a very practical question in considering the pro of penalties and costs. posed legislation. ' I said a year ago in the Senate that it was apparent that the PHILIPPINE TARIFF BILL, partY in power intended to keep and hold those islands while that Mr. LODGE. I move that the Senate proceed to the considera party remains in power, and that it was therefore certain that 1 tion of what is known as the Philippine tariff bill. the islands would be held by the United States for the next four The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The question is on the motion years, if not longer. 11 of the Senator from Massachusetts that the Senate proceed to the I find no trouble about our title now-none whatever. I know consideration of t~. e bill named by him. that it may be properly questioned, but it is not going to be Mr. COCKRELL. Will not the Senator consent to run ·a half questioned, except here and in the Philippine Islands. It has hour on the Calendar? been determined, so far as it can be determined through the Mr. LODGE. I hope the Senator will not ask that now. -I am IlliU~ary branch of the Government, that we are in possession. very anxious to get on with the Philippine tariff bill. I yielded As I recall it, Cicero once said in one of his orations that matters yesterday. I want to make progress with the biJ.l and get it out of which had been settled in a military tribunal by a military adju the way. We are going to take an hour on Friday for pension dication would never be reversed in a court of law, and this pro bills. ceeding is not likely to be reversed in a court of law. We know The PRESIDENT· pro tempore. The question iS on the motion already that the courts have decided that the Philippines are a of the Senator from Massachusetts [Mr. LODGE], that the Senate part of the United States. I do not mean to say, nor did I mean proceed to the consideration of the Philippine tariff bill. to say yesterfiay or the day before, that I agree with all the The motion was agreed to; and the Senate, as in Committee of statem~nts of the court, but I accept the court's conclusion. I the Whole, resumed the consideration of the bill (H. R. 5833) would•not be understood as saying that I consider it so binding temporarily to provide revenue for the Philippine Islands, and for upon me that I could not rightfully cast my vote against it if I other purposes. had an opportunity and it were proper to do so. is The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The pending question on the OUR RIGHTS IN THE PHILIPPINES. amendment offered by the Senator from Colorado [Mr. PATTER SON]. But recogni.zlng the fact that the court apparently had to make Mr. TELLER resumed the speech begun by him yesterday. an effort to reach the conclusion that it did reach, and which it After having spoken one hour and ten minutes- reached by devious ways, I do not mean to use that word offen ::1\Ir. MALLORY. Will the Senator from Colorado permit me sively, but to say that by a curious method, no two of the judges to interrupt him for a moment? quite agreeing on all of the propositions, but a majority agreeing Mr. TELLER. Certainly. in the final conclusion, a decision was reached. I do not think, Mr. MALLORY. I desire to submit an amendment to the as I said a year ago, that morally we are rightfully in possession pending bill, and I ask that it be printed and lie on the table. of those islands, because I do not my~;~elf believe-! want that tO The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. PATTERSON in the chair). be distinctly understood-that when we took the sovereignty we The amendment will be printed and lie on the table. took it:with a right to hold it against the will of the nine or ten Mr. VEST. I ask for the reading of the amendment offered by million people there. the Senator from Florida. But, more than that, I now say that I do not believe there is. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Secretary will read the any court in the world now established, or any set of judges in amendment. the world now constituted, who would declare that those Filipinos The SECRETARY. It is proposed to strike out all of section 3 who resist our domination are technically or actually guilty of trea and to insert in lieu thereof the following: son. They have never owed any allegiance to us. They did owe a.llegiance to Spain., but Spain had no right to transfer that alle SEC. 3. Tbat until July 1, 1003, the same tonna~e taxes shall be levied, col lected, and paid upon all foreign vessels coming mto the United States from giance. She transfen-ed by treaty her sovereignty over the soil, but the Philippme Archipelago, and in addi??n tp any tonnage dues or ta~es now she could not sell to us the 9,000 000 or 10,000,000 people there. imposed by the government of the Ph1lippme Islands upon all fore1gn ves sels except vessels of Spain owned by Spanish subjects engaged in traffic be They were resisting Spain at the very time that we made this treaty, tween the ports of the Philipp~e Archipela~o, w~ch f! \ Mr. TELLER. Mr. President, the Senator from Connecticut time by inducing some leaders of the insurrection to t~lUTender, ruUd: / and if within ten days they can not accomplish that then they are I pave no evidence that all the military officera hold a. different opinion, to ba deported n·om the island, their wives and children driven and I do not boli.ev.e it is true; but I thi.nk the Senator from Tennessoe him into the mountains, and their towns destroyed. So it is not at all self will scnrcely go to the extent o.f trying to discredit in the United States Senate and before the American peop1e the honesty, integrity, patriotism, surprising that some of them under th2..t inducement should be apd ability of Luk.e Wright. of T!IDllessee. acting as the letter indicates. Mr. TELLER. I will come to what General Chaffee says be Nobody has attempted to discredit any man connected with fore I get thmugh. That is a letter which shows, I think, just the Commission; but who has the best opportunity to form opin what the condition there is. Yon may "stamp it out." I have ions-the officers of the Anny or the members of the Commission? not yet said you could not'' stamp it out,'' but I do not believe That is the que~ion, and it is not any answer at all to say, '' Why, you can keep it stamped out. We compelled by force of arms these are men of high character." We admit they are men of the Filipino army to disband. The W a.r Dapartment says-and high character. if there is any question about it I will read the statement, although •· PRESENT CONDmONS. I suppose there will be none-that they did not disband because [ Hera is another rather remarkable statement made by the Sen they were defeated. They did not come into conflict with us, so ator from Connecticut, and I do not know what it means: that we could defeat the whole army, but they disbanded because I Mr. PLATT of Connecticut. We have some officers out there. We have they thought it was a better way to conduct the war, and un Generals Chaffee and Hughes and Davia and Bell and Grant, and if tho3e five onlce!ll, go.llant o.nd brave, could have stoorl in thif! Chamber last week and doubtedly it was for them, ma1.'ing it more difficult for us. They heard what Senators ;have s.aidabout the condition :ip the Philippine Islands, pursued the course which has been wisely pursued for many I think they could not )lave refrained from taking part in t)lat debaw them thousands of years by other people when they are acting on the selves. defensive. I do not suppose Fabius I was the first that ever prac Now, does the Senator mean to say that all those men agree ticed that system of military defense, although we have given it with the Commission? Does he say here or will he say, in view his nama. of General Chaffee's report (which I have never been able to get There has been some complaint-of which I shall speak before I except that I have seen it in the newspapers but I have no doubt get through-of the cruelties tha. t are practiced. I have spoken the Senator can get it), that General Chaffee agrees with the of them once before, a year ago. They have been continued more Commission? or less ever .since, and will be continued just as long as you have Mr. PROCTOR. Will the Senator from Colorndo allow me? natives in your Army. The Senator from Connecticut continued: l!Ir. TELLER, Certajnly. But right here a.s I progress I wish to say that if we have been by force Mr. PROCTOR. I happen to have received this morning a let and wickedness disarming a people, and the evidence shows that in twelve ter from Manila. It is very short, merely a page or so, and I will months after disa.rmament _there e;rlsts no latent hostility to the Govern ment of the United States, but everywhere a desire to submit to ita sover read part of it. eignty and to come under the beni.ficence of it.B sway, it is certainly evidence Jtfl·, TELLER. The Senator can read it all. of very remarkable progress toward that condition of things which we all Mr. PROC'l'OR. I will read everything that concerns this desire shall prevail in those islands. matter. The letter is dated at the Headquarters Division of the If that desire for .American domination does exist, it is remark Philippines, Manila, P. I., December 27, 1901. able. I would to God that it did exist. Nobody would be better The first page refers solely to some friends of mine who were pleased than I would to know that it existed. The question at traveling, and then the writer ~ays: issue is, Does it exist? The Senator assumes tha.t it does. If that I may say to you thn.t I believe we are progressin~ fairly well in stamping is true, if three-fourths of the people there are in full sympathy · out what remains of the insurrection in the Phllippme Islands, and, without with us, anxious to recognize our sove1·eignty and obey our laws, promising anything, I believe that we shall have the matter fairly settled in there is not any reason in the world why we should not reduce two or tlu·ee months, If you note the map of the archipelago ocoasionally yon might pay particular attention to the provinces of Batanga.s, Laguna, our army to a very much smaller number than they talk about, and and Tayabas, in the island of Luzon. They are now the scene of what hos there is not any reason in the world why we should continue tQ tilities remain in this island, and military _operations there are extremely practice those things which we have been practicing and which 11o0tiv~; EO much so in fact, that we ~r tbings are getting very uncomfort able for t he insurrectos themselves and fo1·others who have by every means I say are contrary to the law of nations and the laws of war. in their powe~-deception, money, a~d supplies-:-aided the parties CO?duct I doubt whether you can find anywhere in the annals of history ing this ~uerrilla warfttre. I thmk m a short time, Senator, they will get anything quite equal to General Bell's order, of which my friend tired; it 1e certain they will g~t tired '!Jefore I not retreat." I do not know of anybody who has asked them to man of the Republican national convention as he uttered them retreat or has asked the Government to retreat. The chairman in 1900 at the convention in Philadelphia. I am sorry the state then said: ment the Senator made as chairman of his party's convention, We make no hypocritical pretense of being interested in the Philippines when he said peace was practically accomplished, has not been ROl~lv on account of others. While we regard the welfare of these people as borne out by the facts. a sa.c'rea trust, we regard the welfare of the American people first. We see our duty to ourselves as well as to others. We believe in trade expansion. THE SP.ANISH WAlt. By every legitimate means within the province of government and legisla I have been reading from the Republican campaign book of tion·we mean to stimulate the expansion of our trade and to open new mar 1900, and while I have the book in my hands I wish to turn to the kets. Greatest of all markets is China.. Our trade there is growing by lea~s and bOunds. Manila, the prize of war, gives us inestimable advantages m Republican platform of 1900. It is in some respects a statement developin~ that trade. To-day when our legations are in da!!ger, when our of facts, not of principles, and here is one of its statements: missionaries are assailed and our consuls threatened, it is well. indeed, that Its armies were in the field, and the quick and signal triumph of its forces we have ships in the bay of Manila. and troops that we can send to protect on land and sea bore equal tribute to the courage of American soldiers and our own. sailors and to the skill and foresight of Republican statesmanship. Mr. President, I am willing to agree with the S~nator that was That assertion hardly comports with the declaration in another one possible advantage we got out of this condition; but I am not place which was made the other day, that the Democratic party willing to agree with the statement in the next sentence, which I forced the Administration into that war. I do not agree with want to read: that statement myself, for I do not believe the Democratic party Manila is the corner stone of our Eastern policy, and the brilli.a.nt diplo did force the Republican party into the war. We went to war macy of J ohn Hay in securing . from all nations a guaranty of our treaty rights and of the open door in China. rests upon it. because the American people were excited on the subject of That I do not believe, Mr. President. I do not believe our policy Spain's treatment of the Cubans, and I should like to say now, rests upon Manila. I do not believe that Manila will ever be a although it may seem to be a little foreign to what I have been particularly advantageous port for us through which to secure saying, that before we voted on the bill which brought war, and the Asiatic trade. I wish to repeat that the advantage of holding which everybody knew would bring war, I expressed my opinion Manila is that somebody else shall not have it to our detriment, on this floor that we might avoid war. Everything that has hap and not that we can make it the basis for Asiatic trade. pened since has convinced me that if we had taken the right steps I have in my hands here a speech made by Mr. HILL of Con under Mr. Cleveland's Administration or under the Republican necticut, a distinguished member of the House belonging to the Administration and declared the belligerency of the Cuban people political party which has control of the Government, published alone, without a recognition of the Republic, they would have in the National Geographic Magazine, with reference to our taken care of the islands themselves. trade with China, to which I wish to call the attention of the Sen Mr. President, if there has been any instance in our long his ator from Massachusetts and to the attention of the Senate, be tory when we failed to do what we ought to have done, this ia cause it accords exactly with my ideas about this matter, and I such an instance, and we are punished for not doing our duty. have not been a careless observer of affairs in the Asiatic world We are being punished for a failure to do our duty in 1896, 1897, for the last twenty years. Mr. Hrr..L had made a trip around the and the early portion of 1898. I have not finished reading from the platform. Here is an world, and these are hjs conclusions: other extract: - There is no sphere of influence for us there, and to look upon Manila. as a base for Chinese trade is like chasing rainbows for a. pot of gold, for commer To ten millions of the human race there was given "a. new birth of free.. cial bases are not established 600 miles at sea and where storage and reship dom," and to the American people a new and noble responsibility. ment char~es would be more than the direct freight to the destined market. It looked, I suppose, to the American people that that was a The integrity of China can not be preserved by a protectorate of the powers, and if it could the people of this country would not permit our Government feat, and if we had accomplished it, it certairily would have been to be a partner in 1t. China must reform herself or go to pieces speedily. a great thing, and would have commended this party to the pub My judgment is that her destiny is slow but sure absorption by .Asiatic lic confidence and support. But, unfortunately, it was not true. Russia, and that the world will be the gainer by the change. It is true that the American people had assumed a new responsi I agree to the first proposition, that there is every probability bility. It may be a noble responsibility. That would depend ex that Asiatic Russia will absorb China, but I do not believe China actly upon how we execute that responsibility. If we execute it will be the gainer, nor do I believe the world will be a gainer, in righteousness and justice, it will be all right. If we do not, it although I think China will BUffer less, practically; than we and will be disastrous to us. the other peoples. I now ti:J.rn to another prophecy: I do not know what the' late treaty between Japan and Eng Now for the Philippines. The insurrection still goes on because the allies land, by which it is said they have agreed to enter into an alliance in this country of the bloody insurrectionaryoliga.rchyinLuzon have taught to protect the autonomy of China and hold it, may result in, but their foolish dupes to believe that Democratic success at the polls next No vember means the abandonment of the islands to the sava.ge~t.who would I hope that the report that China's autonomy is to be maintained scramble for the bloody plunder until some other strong civilized nation is true. I said in the fall of 1897, and a little later, in the first came in to do the work that we would have shown ourselves unfit to perform. month of 1898, that that was a very desirable thing to secure, and Our success in November means peace in the islands. The success of our that I believed it was the duty of Great Britain and the United opponents means an indefiniie prolongation of the present bloody struggle. States to say to Russia, ''Hands off of China." But we did not That is from the speech of Hon. Theodore Roosevelt, who sec do that and Russia has moved into Manchuria. No matter what onded the nomination of McKinleyip the Philadelphia convention. may be said about its being a temporary lodgment, it is a perma Now let me read what the distinguished Senator from Ohio nent appropriation of that great section of the Chinese Empire, [Mr. FORAKER] said in his address in that gathering. Remem and it is to be held and controlled by Russia, and to be the vantage ber at that time we were being told that the war was practically point from which she will sally out upon the balance. of that over, as we are now told that it is over. He said: great Empire, and I greatly fear she will dismember it in spite of In one hundred days we drove Spain from theWestern Hemisphere girdled the earth with our acquisitions, and filled the world with the splendor of our the new alliance of Great Britain and Japan. That compact may power. have the effect of retarding it for a time, but I believe it is almost Mr. President, that is oratory. inevitable now that dismemberment will be the result. But this The Senator continues: is somewhat foreign to the subject under discussion. In consequence the American name has a greater significance now. Our Mr. President, I wish to read another statement that the chair flag has a new glory. It not only symbolizes human liberty and political man of the convention made in Philadelphia in 1900: equality at home, but it means freedom and independence for the long-suffer We take issue with the Democrats who would cast off the Philippines ~g _ patriots of Quba, and complete protection, education, enlightenment, up because the American people can not be trusted with them, and we declare lifting, and ultimate local self-government and the enjoyment of all the that the American people can be trusted to deal justly, wisely, and gener blessings of libe!tY to the millions of Porto Rico and the Philippines. What ously with these distant islands and will lift them up to a. higher prosperity, we have so gloriously done for ourselves we propose most generously to do a broader freedom, and a nobler civilization than they have ever known. for them. We have not failed elsewhere. We shall not fail here. There are some other things in the address of the Senator from I would be delighted if I knew that that was a prophecy which Ohio that. might be read,. because they were very good, but the would be fulfilled, but I do not see that the steps are being taken trouble With the whole of 1t was that the premises were false and which it seems to me will bring about that desirable end. That, the conclusions therefore erroneous. There was no condition I want to say, is why I complain. I am in accord with that senti there that justified the statement, in the first place, made in the ment if it can be put into execution; I should like to see it done; platform that we had lifted 10,000,000 people from slavery to but I know enough of the human race to know that these noble freedom. ends can only be accomplished with the consent and approval of THE PHILIPPINE P E OPLE. the Philippine people themselves. ThePhilippineinhabitantsarecomposedofChristians heathens If you would put into this proposed statute the amendments and Mohammedans; of civilized, highly educated, and' cultured' which I offered the other day and modify and change them, if you and those with practically no culture, scarcely above savagery and think they are too drastic or not sufficiently elastic, and with those barbarism. And yet 6,000,000 of them, said Dean Worcester are provisions in the bill send it over to them, I believe yon would not only Christians, but, he said, you may fairly say that they are take a great step in the direction of the aspirations of the chair- homogeneous. There is the foundation for a government. If there 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. 1645 are 6,0no ,000 worshiping at the same altar, believing the same great I do not know what Professor Schurman means by that state moral truths, practically speaking the same language, though not ment, because Great Britain had asserted sovereignty over the all of them, but not more diversified than in many of the European Malays for many years. She had not actual control; she had countries, there is, I say, a homogeneity that can be made the basis been wise enough not to attempt to inaugurate a. government of a government. there until Sir Andrew Clarke, I think about eighteen years ago, I know that it is in some places common to charge that these disregarding absolutely the instructions given him when he went people are all simply savages. I read a speech, made not long there, organized a government of the Malay people themselves, ago in another place, where they were pronounced to be the low and for eighteen years there has been none of the disturbance in est possible of all humanity. That there are some such on the the Malay Peninsula which occurred yearly before Sir Andrew islands there is not any doubt, but thai there are any consider went there. Great Britain holds merely a nominal control over able number is denied by everybody who has been there, particu the Malays, and she holds it without an army. larly by Professor Worcester and by Mr. Forman, an observing In Luzon and the Visayas there are no sultans, and the United States has Englishman who spent eighteen years there. It is also contra sovereignty. The conclusion in favor of an American protectorate over the dicted by our knowledge acquired since February 6, 1898. Christianized Philippines is certainly not derived by parity of reasoning. I must, however, acknowledge that the policy of an American protectorate The other day we had quite a discussion here as to the lecture was very dear to the hearts of the insurgents. which Professor Schurman had delivered at Boston. Since that time he has done me the honor to send me the full text of his ad When they talked about independence they meant local inde dress, which I have found very interesting and very instructive. pendence, and the principal men repeatedly declared that they I wish to read portions of the lecture, composed largely of extracts had expected the United States to maintain a general protecting which he quoted from the report which he assisted in making as care over them. They realized that if we had withdrawn our one of the Philippine Commissioners. He says: army before the treaty was ratified it was likely that Germany, or Russia, or Japan, or some other power would have entered The first reform-that on which all others depend-is the admission of the Filipinos themselves to a. participation in the functions and control of gov there, and their condition would probably have been b:ut little, if ernment. any, better than it was under Spain. Now, Mr. Schurman is not an anti-imperialist. He is not a But in citing the. example of the federated Malay States they were playing with a two-edged.weapon. For each of the Malayan States has become a Democrat; nor is he a demagogue. I believe that sentence com veiled crowned colony in which, though everything is done in the name of mends itself to every intelligent, thinking man. Every man who the Sultan (who :flies his own flag and enjoys increased income)- has studied history must know that you can not deny to those peo That is precisely what we have done in the Sulu Archipelago ple participation in the government and maintain it except by ab the British authorities have exclusive control of taxation and ex;penditures, solute force. I continue to quote from Mr. Schurman: give "advice" which the Sultan must adopt and even push their dominion They have reached a. state of progress and civilization, at least in Luzon to the extent of deposing the Sultan and sett:liiig the succession, or ordaining and the Visayas-- a general manumission of slaves. And that will take more than.half of them- Mr. President, I want to say that that is not an accurate state which entitles them to representative institutions; and the constitution of ment. I took some pains some time ago to look into that matter. the Philippine republic was responsive to llopular demand in providing for a representative legislature, which wa.s deSignated an a.ssembly. Had Spain While Great Britain does reserve to herself the right of interven granted the reiterated demand of Philippine reformers for representative in tion and interference, she has not intervened, and it has not been stitutions, it is highly probable that her flag would to-day be waving over the necessary for her to do so. The right of taxation is exercised by archipelago. And in this connection I must reiterate what I have elsewhere said of our own obligation to understand, appreciate, and sympathize with the Malays t~emselves, as well as the maintenance of order the ideas and sentiments of the Filipinos: throughout the peninsula. This I will read, because it is explan "The United State scan succeed in governing the Philippines only by un atory of what Professor Schurman said to the Commission: derstanding the character and circumstances of the people and realizing sympathetically their aspirations and ideals. A government to stand must The idea of a protectorate entertained b¥ the insurgent leaders, under be :ffrmly rootea in the needs, interests, judgment, and devotion of the peo which they should enjoy all the powers of an mdependent sovereign ~overn ple, and this suv.port is secured by the adaptation of government to the char ment, and the Americans should assume all obligations to foreign nations for acter and pOSSibilities of the governed-what they are, what they have in their good use of those powers, would create an impossible situation for the them to become, what they want, and, not least, what they think they are United States. Internal dominion and external responsibility must go hand entitled to have and enjoy." in hand. Under the chimerical scheme of protection cherished by Aguinaldo, if a foreigner lost his life or property through a miscarriage of justice in a Mr. President, I think that is excellently well put, and if it Philippine court, or in consequence of a ~overnor's failure to suppress a riot, should subject him, if he had been in the Philippine Islands, to then the United States would be respollSlble for indemnity to the foreigner's government, though without possessing the power of punishing the offenders, the penitentiary, or some other place, he certainly would have of preventins- such maladministration, or of protecting itself against simila.r my sympathy. There are so many good things here that I should occurrences m the future. - like to read them all, but I will not attempt it; it would make my That is not a correct statement of international law. We can remarks too long. This is what he stated to the audience: create a government there that will be practically a State to all I conceived an exceedingly high opinion of the educated Filipinos, who, intents and purposes, except that it would not be entitled to rep however, form a SIIij1ll minority, possibly 10 per cent. at most, of the people. And I recognize that the po_pular tendency to admire and almost worship resentation in Congress. We arenotresponsiblewhen foreigners their educated men rendered these favored individuals the natural leaders are injured in a State. It is true that we have paid some bills in of the people. such cases in order to maintain good-fellowship, but international When the masses of a community look up to the men of educa law never requires us to pay, as we did pay for the killing of sion, does it not indicate an aspiration to secure an education them Chinamen in Wyoming before it became a State and in Wa-shing selves? ton after it became a State. To meet them in a sympathetic and appreciative spirit, to satisfy their I read a statement here last year that I can not turn to now natural aspirations and ambitions, and to enlist them actively in the support without taking more time than I care to occupy. I read at length of American sovereignty seemed to me the most important object for Ameri the statement of an Englishman, a consul in the Philippines for can authorities in the Philippines. many years, in which he paid the very highest tribute to the Fili I approve of that. pinos; and the Commission themselves pay a high tribute to those For myself, I can say with all sincerity that to have met and known these people. educated Filipinos, to have had social intercourse and official relations with them, I count one of the pleasantest and most interesting recollections in my Yon are not dealing with savages; you are dealing with a peo life. I described to them and indicated the service the¥ might render us in the ple who have some idea of their rights and some idea of the char establishment of civil government in the Philippines m the following terms: acter of our Government. I want to read just a little from this Now, this comes from his report: report of the Federal party signed by three native members of the The educated Filipinos, though constituting a minority, are ar more Commission: numerous than is generally su_pposed, and are scattered all over the archi The successes of the Union Army in the war convinced the Filipinos that pelago; and the Commission desires to bear the stron~est testimony to the there was a superior force which would annihilate them; but these successes high range of their intelligence, and not only to their mtellectual trainin~, could not prevent the people-bleeding and without strength-from tena but also to their social refinement, as well as to the grace and charm of their ciously continuing a suicidal struggle to escape the new slavery which they personal character. These educated Filipinos, in a word, are the equals of so greatly feared, even though it were at the cost of death. the men one meets in similar vocations--law, medicine, business etc.-in Eu rope or America. It is scarcely an exaggeration to say that these picked That extract does not indicate that they are savages, Mr. Pres Filipinos will be of infinite value to the United States in the work of estab ident. That is a tribute to those people, who are acting, of course, lishing and maintaining civil government throughout the archipelago. As leaders of the people, they must be the chief agents in securing their people's under a false impression and who are misinformed as to our pur loyal obedience to th~ new government, to _whi~h, ther~fore, the dictates 9f poses, for I do not charge that we intend to do the wicked things policy, as well as plain common sense and JustiCe, reqmre us to secure their we are apparently doing over there. own cordial attachment. And it has been a leading motive with the Commis sion in devising a form of government for the Philippines to frame one which, WH.AT WE SHOULD DO. to the utmost extent possible, shall satisfy the views and aspirations of edu cated Filipinos. They believe that the 'territorial system herein set forth Somebody will tell me, when I express sympathy with those will accomplish that object. people and anxiety that they should have all the blessings of a Here is another extract: free government, that I would give them the American Constitu In the Malay States Great Britain set up a protectorate because they had tion and American law. Mr. President, I would proclaim to anltans and she had no sovereignty, - them in tones that the world would understand that they were to 1646 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 1~, suffer nothing at our hands, that if for a time it did appear that another nation. Yon can see that going on now in Finland and we were not looking to their interests, yet the great .American in Poland; you can see where the Germans are attempting to heart is with them, and that there is no purpose of subjugation force the German language upon people, and they are being re- or destruction. sisted very vigorously. · Why not do it~ Mr. President? Why not say it? Are we afraid? DIPLOMACY IN CHINA. Do we distrust om·selves? If we mean to give those people a When I spoke of Manila and the fact that we did have some government of their own, in God's name .le~ us sa:y so now and advantage by sending our ships there, I meant, bad not my atten stop this cruel war. And :V:D I own racia.l lines, not e,lon_g ours, and it is colossal conceit a.nd impudence to forces are limited in monetary resources very i.n&deqnately armed, and im disparage them becattse they are different from ourselves. Any decent kind perfectly organized. We therefore consider it no discredit to acknowledge, of government of the Filipinos, by the Filipinos, is better than the best pos and we hereby authoritatively acknowledge, that American power is su sible government of Filipinos by Americans. preme and that the prestige of American arms has been vindicated through out this conflict. ! Ho says fnrth91": A second difficulty is the assumption that, if internal control were given If tile Filipinos a..re to learn to govern themselves in the manner of the to the Filipinos, those who had supported American authority would be lia really free nations, the sooner they get at it the better. ble t-o maltreatment. Such an assumption is hardly in harmony with the belief, held by many Amerieans, that a majority of our people are in favor 1 1\Ir. SPOONER. From whom is the Senator reading? of American rule. A majority ought surely to be able to defend itself. But Mr. TELLER. I have been reading from Professor Schurman we contend that the supposition is groundless. A large pToportion of those in his Boston address. I have here and am going to read a dis who openly supptam Porter and the first three of his men staggered into camp authority. As soon as peace has been established a constitution.'l.l convention they were delirious, and difficulty was experienced in ascertaining the could be convened similar to the one in Cuba, with which futur& relations could be held, and by which all differences could be adjusted. whereabouts of their companions. Finally, with the earnest prayer that this appeal may meet a. favorable re Mr. President, there is also a report regarding some captures, sponse, we respectfully represent that no way can be found of putting an end to this unhappy conflict which does not include an adequate assurance to our which I do not care to insert in the RECORD. Some of those men people of some form of ultimate national life. We ask in all sincerity: Jg never returned. I want also to read another dispatch from Ma not this aspiration both legitimate and laudable? And if so, what other com·se nila of the same date, January 28: would you have a self-respecting people adopt? What ~eater proof of our MAl•i'"ILA, January ts. sincerity and devotion could there be than the prolongation of resistance even after the complete supremacy of American arms has been established? The The criticism of the Senate minority report on the Philippine tariff bill armies of America can march nnresisted from end to end of our country, has been general, both in public and private, here, though many people admit but wherever they are not present our people unite, drawn together by a the statements made in the report are correct. common desire. The American amies can defeat our troops but they can not General Wheat~n's vigorous criticism referred entirely to Professor Schur defeat or destroy this desire, unless by the destruction of those who hold it man's ~eech at Boston, though he holds the professor in high personal es and such an act as this we can never believe the American people would know teem. Ihe statement that a person who made such remarks here as those ingly authorize. And if it prove that yours should be the hand to liberate credited to the professor d~ his Boston speech would be sent to jail re our people, a. name, honored in your country, will be beloved and ever mem- ferred merely to the recent sedition law. m-able in ours. · COMPLAINTS OF THE FILIPINOS. J\.Ir. BACON. Will the Senator give the date of that? Mr. President, I have several matters here which I propose to Mr. TELLER. There is no date to it, but it is recent. It was put in the RECORD without reading. The Filipinos recently ad promulgated this fall, probably two months ago; perhaps less dressed a petition to the President of the United States, in which than that. they said: THE W A.TER CURE. The committee, having authority to act from the general in command of I am going ·to read some part of this, although it is not pleasant the Filipino forces, beg to submit for your earnest attention an appeal, the reading. This is an extract from City and State, published in objects of which are to secure permanent peace in our country and the estab Philadelphia, by Herbert Welsh: lishment of such relations between the two countries as shall meet the ap pl"'val of the American Government and satisfy the legitimate aspira tiona of If anyone had said just previous to the Spanish-American war that torture our people. was about to become an accepted means of producing a military or political result under our :flag, he would have been laughed at a.s a. fool or a madmt.n; I shall insert the remainder of the appeal in my remarks with but it now looks very much as though what we state is a literal truth, with out exaggeration, so far as our Philippine possessions are concerned. And out reading. we may say, moreover, that in these tropical islands torture of a. very hor / The matter referred to is as follows: rible descnption has been used under the authority of the United States flag Owing to lack of knowledge of the real cause of opposition to American as a means to produce a military or political result. authority many conclusions have been reached which have since proved to be Either this IS actually the case or else a large number of .Jlersons have en erroneous. Any one of these prophecies might have been fulfilled if the tered into a. conspiracy, through a period of two years, to defame the honor grounds upon which they were made had been true. But all these prophecies of the United States fl8.g by trying to makeit appear thattorturehasbeenso have failed because they did not take into account the intense and universal used. If we adopt this theory, we must also conclude that Mr. George Ken desire of om· people for independent national life. A review of the present non, the distinguished Siberian investigator, a man of high character and situation also will show that this aspiration has lost none of its force. All standing, has been a party to this conspiracy or a victim of it, and that the the reverses which our people have met, and all the rigors of a war in which, New York "Outlook," one of the most influential and respectable of imperial in many respects, mercy has not been conspicuous, have not lessened their ist or expansion papers, has been an instrument for spreading the hool. Let determmation to continue the defense, at whatever sacrifice. The hope that us look at the facts. A year from last June the editor of City and State the American rule would find favor with our peoule, owing to the establish while attending the arbitration conference at Lake Mohonk, ha.O. some con~ l..ment of civil government, has not been realized. We have evidence that dur versation with Mr. Howard M. Jenkins, the editor of tho Friends' Intelli· ling the last three months discontent has been growing more intense. [e:ncer, ?elative to a. quotation that had appeared in that journal from an In support of these statements we point to the pronounced recrudescence vmaha. paper-a letter of a soldier in the Philippines-giving an account of of the armed resistance to American control; to the fact that three provinces what was called the water-cure torture. This-1 the writer said, was inflicted have been returned to military rule, and to the equally significant fact that on Filipinos in order to make them reveal hidaen guns. The account, repub o:f the three Filipino political parties in the Philippines two are working, by lished m our issue of June 21, 100), is as follows. peaceful means, fot• ultimate independence, and the third for admission as States of the Union, all rejecting the colonial idea.. But we wish to state dis I presented perhaps not the same facts, but I have heretofore tinctly that our war is waged in the spirit of the Declaration of Independence. made a statement on this subject, and now, if there is any mem Our objects are the same a.s those which animatoo the founders of the coun ber of the Committee on the Philippines here he can say whether trt with which we are now in conflict, and from whom we received moral "aid and comfort." And we are fortunate in finding our justification writ I am correct or not. But I understand that Commissioner Taft ten upon the brightest pages of American history. has stated before the committee that that torture has been inflicted. It IS natural that there should be mutual diStrust, but this distrust has I do not know how much he said had been done, but that there been increased by the continued refusal of the United States to @.ve assur ance that the rights of the Filipino, as they understand them, will receive have been instances of it he admitted. · ultimate recognition. It is true that we have been promised many good M:r. CARMACK. I do not know that Governor Taft exactly things, but accompanY,!ng these promises there has been a. ~emand for uncon admitted it. I am not quite sure that he exactly admitted that it ditional surrender, Without any assurance that the one thing which we value most will ever be granted to us. When the bread of national life is asked had been done. But he did not deny it. for, it will not suffice to offer a. stone, even though the stone be a diamond. Mr. TELLER. I was told by a member of the committee that In view, therefore, of the remoteness of a settlement of the conflict, and in he had admitted it. view of the impending serious loss of life and property to both parties, we appeal for a reconsideration of the situation in the hope that a way may be Mr. CARMACK. I do not know whether or not he admitted it found, mutually satisfactory, of ending this conflict, by giving such intima in so many words. tion to our countrymen as will assure them of the ultimate recognition of Mr. TELLER. The account I wish to bring to the attention of their legitimate rights. the Senate is as follows: Apart from contendin~ claims1 the chief difficulty to a. settlement lies in the contention that negotiation With those who offer armed resistance to the A. F. Miller, a member of the Thirty-second United States Volunteers, authority of the United States would result in loss of prestige to America. writing_ from the Philippine Islands to !-he Omaha World, under date of March The popUlar form of this contention is: "We must first teach these Filipinos 5, describes the means used by the Urnted Sta.t.es soldiers to compel captured to respect us and to submit to our authority." The "respect" of a people Filipinos to give up their concealed arms. He says: who have been battered into submission is a respect which ought to be re . "We go o~t on a. hike, catch a negro, and ask him if he has a. gun. He will garded by every free American with pity, contempt, and scorn. Our real g1ve us a polite bow and say, 'No sabe' and then we take hold of him and respect can be obtained by other and more dignified means. We do notre give h.in;t ~e 'water cur~,' after which he can get us two or three guns. quire any further lesson to teach us the immeasurable superiority in power Now, this IS the way we g1ve them the water cure: Lay them on their backs of a nation free for more than one hundred years, ten times as great in popu a man stAnding on each hand and each foot, then put a round stick in the lation, and incalculably greater in wealth. In our present condition our mouth and pour a pail of water in the moutll and nose, and if they don't give 1648 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SEN .AT E. FEBRUARY · 12, up pour in another pail. They swell up like toads. rll tell you it is·a. terrible tortm·e. About a year ago "We went up the bay the other day to get some robbers, and secured on this subject as follows: three. They wo\lld not tell where they had their guns. So we gave them "For the practice of torture in the Philippines there is no ex:~nse what the water cure (salt water), and two of them gave us their guns. We gave ever, and yet that we have sanctioned, if not directly employed, the 'water the other one so much water we nearly killed him. yet he would not tell. torture,' as a means of extorting information from the nat1 ves seems certain. Guess he was an old head; they have lots of grit. They will stand and see "An officer of the Regular Army now serving in Luzon, from whose letters you half kill one of their friends, and won't tell a thing. When it comes to I bave already made quotation, describes the 'water torture,' as practiced by their time to take the cure, they will take their clothes off, lie down., and take Macabe be scouts in our service, as follows: two or three pails of water before they will say a word. One of them said, "'A company of Macabebes enter a town or barrio, catch some man-it 'Yon can kill me, but you can not make me tell.' " matters not whom-ask him if he knows where there are any guns, and upon receiving a negative a.nswer, five or six of them throw him down, one h?ldS J?..is The editor of the paper, who is a Republican, not a Democrat, bead, while others have boldofanarmoraleg. They then proceed togJ.vehim says: the" water torture," which is the distension of the internal organs with water. This seems to us incredible. Upon our return to Philadelphia, a few days After they are distended a cord is sometimes placed around the body and the later, a gentleman known to us stepl?ed into our office and placed in our bands water expelled. From what I have h~rd, it appears.to be gen~ra.llyo.ppli~d, a long letter from another soldier m the Regular Army in the Philippines and its use is not confined to one sect10n. Although 1t results m the finding addressed to relatives in this city. It had every evidence of being sincere and of a number of guns, it does us an infinite amount of harm. Nor are the genuine. This letter described events as they appeared to the writer, and Macabebes the only ones who use this method of obtaining information. was wholly without any tone of ex.aggera tion or sensationalism. It described " 'Personally, I have never seen this torture inflicted, nor have I ever know the "water- Mr. TELLER. I read the charge that a soldier under General to employ the savages, and that the British had taken them in Funston said-- and armed them and equipped them and allowed them to kill our Mr. BACON. The Senator will pa1·don me for a moment. He wounded and scalp our dead. I could read, if I wanted to take does not understand me. Conceding that everything that is the time, denunciations from at least a dozen public men of Eng charged is true, and that the occurrences are correctly narrated land, including the Earl of Chatham, on that very point-denounc in the several articles and letters, I am quite sure that while an ing the wickedness of employing savages of that character in the investigation may prove them to be true-and I do not wish to be English army. He declared it to be a disgrace to·the English understood as suggesting anything to the contrary-! am equally Government. - sure that it will be found that while the presence of the Army has Mr. DUBOIS. Will the Senator from Colorado pardon me for given the oppor~ty to the vicious part of the Army for the a moment? perpetration of these atrocities, it is not the work of authorized Mr. TELLER. Certainly. persons. Mr. DUBOIS. The whole testimony, including the testimony Mr. TELLER. Oh, I do not suppose any order has been issued of Judge Taft, is that the Macabebes have never been friendly to that effect. with their own people. They were the allies of Spain during all Mr. BACON. The Senator will not misunderstand me. As those wars, and they are utterly detested by the other Filipino he knows, I am very much in sympathy with the contention people. They are renegades from their own people. which he makes, and I took the liberty of interrupting him for MILITARY PROCLAMATIONS. the purpose of making a statement with which I was quite sure Mr. TELLER. I am now going to read what Mr. Herbert he would agree; and the last statement he has made indicates Welsh calls an unparalleled proclamation. I think there is another that he does agree with the suggestion which I wished to make. proclamation as bad, but I can not put my hand on it. I refer to SAVAGES FOR SOLDIERS. the order of General Bell. I shall read a reference to it. I have Mr. TELLER. I read the statement that a soldier accompany seen it, but I am not prepared to present it, because I do not know ing one of our generals said he had assisted in applying the torture where I put it. to 160 men, all but 26 of whom had died. I doubt whether The following extract from General Smith's proclamation to the people of General Funston himself would agree to that; but they send out the island of Samar is taken from the Manila Freedom of November 10, 1901: a little corporal's guard somewhere, and they pick up what they That is a paper in accord with the administration of public call a negro, and they inflict the water torture on him. They do affairs by the civil Commission. not, perhaps, go back and tell the officers that they _did it, bnt He desires to announce to all the influential natives of the district, and what we are responsible for is the fact; otherwise we would have especially to those in the island of Samar, that up to and including the lOth day of November, 1001, those who desire to establish the fact that they ara stopped it. And we are responsible for the Macabebes, who are friendly to the American Government can do so in any one of the following our soldiers. They are under our pay. They have been enlisted ways: under an act of Congress against which I voted, because I knew I call the attention of the Senate to this: that we ought not to enlist that class of_people. 1. By giving information as to the location of any guns used for purposes Mr. CULBERSON. Bearing upon the question as to the truth of insurrection. or falsity of these charges, I will ask the Senator from Colorado 2. By ~vin~ information as to the whereabouts of persons in insurrection. 3. By mducmg persons in insurrection to present themselves, with their to allow me to read a paragraph or so from the testimony of Gov rifles or other arms, to the nearest American official. ernor Taft. They can not establish the fact of their friendship by protestations of any Mr. TE.LLER. Read it. kind. Those who fail to avail themselves of the opportunity presented will be re Mr. CULBERSON. On page 715 of the hearing Governor Taft garded a.s distinctly unfriendly to the Amencan Government, and will be said: treated accordingly. _ . . Governor T Ali'T. What I am trying to do is to state what seemed to us to be In explanation of the last paragraph, General Smith says that all influen the explanation of these cruelties-that cruelties have been inflicted; that tial citizens of Samar who have not presented evidence of the kind mentioned people have been shot when they ought not to have been; that there have of their loyalty to the American Government by November 10 will be de been individual instances of water cure, that torture which, I believe, in ported from Samar to Guam or some other island, their wives and children volves pouring water down the throat so that the man swells and gets the sent into the mountaU:ifl~~ their towns destroyed. There will be no post- imJ.>ression that he is going to be su:ffooated and then tells what he knows, ponement or delay in f · g this promise. which was a frequent treatment under the Spaniards, I am told-all these Commenting on this, the Sprinldield Republican says: The proclamation of G.en. Jacoo H. Smith to the population of Samar and things are true. Leyte, which wa.s dated November 1, and is printed elsewhere on this page, At the bottom of page 75 we find this question asked by Senator seems to have had no salutary effect in promoting pacification. No one, how PATTERSON and the answer of Governor Taft: ever, can well afford to say that General Smith's proclamation was lacking in severity. Indeed, it may easily be criticised as unwarranted by the pre Senator P A'I'TERSON. I do not think the charge of inflicting the water cure cepts of civilized warfare, and as calculated to inflame resistance rather than has been made against American soldiers as much a.s against the native troops break it. A well-known American statesman writes to say that "of all the who have been enlisted in the American Army, or a.s an appurtenance to the events of war that have come under my notice" General Smith's proclama American Army. For instance, the Macabebes. Ma.ny letters have been tion "ha.s no parallel." published making statements of this kind, that Macabebes would be sent out for the purpose of securing the surrender of guns, and the persons would deny I do not know what Ameli-can that is. This is the Republican's that they had any guns. Then the Ma.ca.bebes would throw them upon the editorial which I am now quoting. It continues: ground, one soldier on one hand and another on the other, secure their feet, pry open their mouths with a stick, and then pour buckets of water down A little study of ~e _p:roclamation reveals its character. The general as their throats till they swelled up to an abnormal size, and then jumped upon sumed that every inhabitant of Leyte and Samar was an active enemy of their stomachs. It has been stated tha.tinva.riably unaer that treatment guns American rule, thus reversing the princiyle that an individual ma:y be pre were vroduced where there were no guns before; this with the knowledge of sumed to be living in obedience to a uthonty so long a.s there is no eVIdence to Amencan officers, the Army getting the advantage of it in securing arms show that he is hostile. And, acting on that assumption, General Smith from natives, which they were seeking, without any serious reproof. called upon the inhabitants to prove their loyalty, and, remarkable to say, Governor TAFT. I have no doubt there were such instance8--{)f course, a he restricted the proofs they could offer by arbitrarily setting up three tests~ and then placed a limit of ten days upon the time in which such proof great many more than there ought to have been-but if the Senator will ex coula be presented. These conditions reall-.y applied to the entire population, cuse me, deJ)endence on private letters from _private individuals as to what for although General Smith referred particularly to "influential" nathres, occurrea is dependence on a very broken reed. he wa.s the sole judge a.s to who might be or might not be "influential." Mr. BACON. If the Senator from Colorado will pardon me for Now, it might easily be the fact that many well-disposed natives, living in the towns and occupied in peaceful pursuits, would be unable to furnish the just one moment~ I do not wish to be understood, by anything I special proof of their loyalty which the General ca.lled for. Any person may have said, as casting any doubt on the fact of the practice of therefore, whatever the reai facts in his case, who could not tell General these tortures. I have not a doubt of them. But I simply wished Smith within ten days where a gun wa.s located, or where an insurrecto could be captured, or who could not ;Persuade some insurrecto to surrender to say something which I was satisfied the Senator from Colorado wa.s liable to be exiled and to have his home and property destroyed. ' himself would say: That while these acts were done by those who It is clearly the duty of the opposition in the Senate to"bring up for discus were under the general command of American officers, they were sion the whole question of the methods now being employed m the conquest of the middle islands. Secretary Root has officially declared that !(state of not, technically speaking, the acts of the Army. war exists in the archipelago, and it is at least desirable, under such condi Mr. TELLER. They are tolerated. I thought when the coun tions, that the conquest be conducted on the part of the United States with try's attention was called to the practice a year ago (it was about scrupulous fidelity to the rules of civilized warfare. a year ago that I made some remarks and presented .an aiTay of Mr. CULBERSON. Mr. President- evidence on that point) that it would be stopped. But I am sat The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Colo isfied from what I have read and what I have found since that it rado yield to the Senator from Texas? has been carried on ever since to some considerable extent, largely, :M::r. TELLER. I do. doubtless, by the Macabebes, who never ought to have been taken Mr. CULBERSON. I will state to the Senator that I have a. into our service. full copy of the proclamation of General Bell with reference to The enlistment of these people is as bad as the taking of Indians reconcentration, and also his order to subordinate commanders. into their service by the British during the Revolutionary war, I think it is important in connection with the order just read from and that was condemned \>y nearly everybody in England in pub General Smith, and if it will not interrupt the course of the Sen lic life. They compelled every officer who had been in the service ator's remarks I will be glad to have it read at this time. to give some excuse, and under the pretense that the colonists Mr. TELLER. I think I will withhold it and read it a little were about to do the same thing they said they had taken them later on. in. Yet it was shown in the debates that we had never proposed The Evening News, of Plattsburg, N.Y., of January 20, 1902, :XXXV-104 1650 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 12, published a letter from a soldier by the name of Joseph Wood amenable to reason andgood treatment, a. measure of military severity will be resorted to which will doubtless_prove effective. But General Chaffee's ville. Introducing the letter, the News says: character is a warrant that there will be no Weylerism. Charles Robinson'!. formerly a IL.ember of Company G, Twenty-first Infan try, now retired ana living m this village, Monday received a letter from I have never charged that W eylerism to the extent of starving Jose;ph Woodville, who is still with the company in the Philippines. Mr. these people was to be connected with the reconcentration. Robmson allows us to ma.ke the following extracts from the letter, which is dated December 15: [Baltimore American (Republican), January 21.] With what astonishment do we read that a general of our Army in the far I will read only a part of the letter. It is from Batangas Prov off Philippines has actually aped Weyler and Kitchener. * * * We have ince, and the following is an extract from it: actually come to do the thin.g we went to war to banish. Our good name is dearer than all the islands of the In the name of all that is best in our General Bell is in co~nd here. He has surely got the Diggers bluffed. sea.. He has issued a.n order that all must be in by December 25, and if not they humanity, civiliza.tion, and patriotism, let the Government at Washington 'vill be killed and their houses burned. There are but a few houses left on erase this stain before it becomes fixed and inerasable. the hills, all having been burned. We have had no pay in four months a.nd [Chicago Evening Post (Republican), January 22.] it is hard telling when we will get an_y. After reading that General Bell had been forced to the extreme of adopt Wishing you and all theleople in Plattsburg well, ing reconcentrado methods to suppress the insurgent Filipinos in the province I remain, your frien ' JOSEPH WOODVILLE. of Batangas and then to-day perusing Governor Taft's optimistic • no war" report, the American people can not be blamed for feeling a trifle puzzled. TESTIMONY 01!' ATROCITIES. Nor is it surprizing that the-y should say in their perplexity: "Let us have the truth about conditions ill the Philippines; let Congress undertake a I have another letter. All that I know about it is that it ap thorough investigation." peared in the Portland Oregonian of January 29, 1902, and is as [Buffalo Enquirer (Independent), January 17.] follows: There has been altogether too much star-chamber business connected with SEAT'l'LE, January :B. the management of our affairs in the Philiypine Islands, and the time has Clarence Clowe, of Seattle, who recently arrived home from the Philip come when publicity should be given to Philippine matters. pines where he served as a private in Company H, Twenty-fifth Infantry, [Springfield (Mass.) Republican, independent, January 17.] United States Volunteers, has authOJ;ized the publication of a letter W!itten The Maine ex:plodes, and our Government has an investigation going in no by him to Senator HoAR from the lS~nds J~e 10, 1900.. Clo!Ve asks~ the time. This Philippine war. which began about three years ago, has been a letter honorable discharge from a serVIce .that lS o:utragmg his ~~1ence. great national calamity, having now cost the United States some px), Hughes, bnt they will be allowed to communicate- with Lnkban. He may doing all in their power to bring the remaining insnrgents to a p.eaceful view possibly receive the treatment accorded prisoners of war, and the present of the situation. . measures of retaliation be thus avoided." Concluding Governor Wri~ht said the natives inhabiting the island of Samar had. dtirmg all their history-, been an lliUilailageable race, and he was The English Fortnightly, in the last number, has a statement not surprised at their present hostility. . . that the order had gone out that Lnkban should be shot on sight Maj. Henry Allen, formerly governor of the island 9f Leyte, and W!IO was if taken prisoner. chosen chief of the insular constabulary,_ bas left Ma~ far a tour of mspec M.A..NILA, December 5, 1901. tion through the islands of L~te and Mindoro. ~e will r eport. ~ the. Co~ General Chaffee has issued orders for the closing of all ports in the Laguna mission of the conditions existing there, and particnlarly of the sitn:ltion ill and Batangas provinces. The quartermasters there will cease paying rents the province of Misamis, Mindoro, 'Y~re the ~ry authorities ba ve asked to the Filipinos for buildings used for. military purposes, as.it is knoWJ?. that to have affairs returned from the civil back to their own control · a large proportion of the money so pard finds 1ts way to the msnrgents ill the I think that has been done. shape o.f contributions, and General Chaffee intends that no more Govern ment funds sha.ll find their way into the hands of the enemy. The reason Five insurgent officers and 175 men, with 6 cannon, 51 rifles, and 17 shotguns, for closing the ports is that too many supplies are found to be getting int-o surrendered yesterday to the American authorities on the island of Cebu. the possession of the insurgents. . It is now believed this island is pacified. General Chaffee intends giving General Bell, commanding the troops m I have a dispatch here dated Atlanta, Ga., December 27, which the Batangas province, every assistance he may require to subdue the insur rectos. reads: ATLANT.A., GA., December t7, 1.90L That is all that I need read. I do not care about putting it all Joseph Ohl, special commissioner of the Constitution to the Philippines, in. There is some personal reference to Governor Taft which is has made a careful s.tndv of the military conditions existing there under u:nim.portant here: American rule. Mr. Ohl 1s the Washington correspondent of the Constitn MANILA, Decernber 1(}, 190!. tion a.nd was sent East with the Congressional party which sailed for the Orie'nt during the past summer on the United States transport. His an·aign Thousands of people are leaving Batangas Province for places of safety. ment of the military ocaupation in the Philippines is regarded here as a fore Gen. James M. Bell rel?orts an important engagement between a force of runner of what will be heard in Congress before the session is over. A por i.nso.Jogents at Labo., provmce of Camarines, and a detachment of the Twen· tion of his letter follows: tieth Infantry. Three Americans were killed. The loss of the ene~y is not "CE"BU, P. I.-The highly civilized and humane methods that characterized known but it is believed to have been heavy. General Bell a.nt1c1pates a the rule of Weyler in Cuba are being t•esarted to by the American Army in speedy'extarmination of the irreconcilables. . . its efforts to subject the Viscayansof this island of Cebn, of Bohol, and .would A large force o~ insurge:t!-ts recently attacked ~e t?wn of Lipa, pro"Vl?-ce be put into effect in Samar if the conditions were favo.rable. of Batangas, killing 1 soldier and several Am~rlCarusta.s. ';['roop H. First Cavalry killed 10 of the enemy before the re:mamder of the msnrgent force ''Wbole-~ges have been burned byt~e orde~of the general comman~ escaped.' The Filipinos evidently ex:pectea victory, for they had cut the ing this district, and th~ concentr~o POlic.Y. o.f .which 'Ye heard so m uqh m a: Cuba is a bout to be put illto operation "here, if, mdeed, xt can not be sa1d to wires and carried off a. hundred yar~ of the line. . . have already boon instituted. . The natives are stirred by the closmg of the ports, and b1tterly obJect to "General Hughes believes that. 'war is hell, • as Sherman .sa-id, and he is reeonoontra tion. giving the people of Cebu a taste of the brimstone. Only a few nights ago A Filipino force consisting of 200 riflemen and 400 bolo~n recently at an American officer boasted that he was known as the W eyler of the district tacked N agpartian, province of North llocos. <;Jo;rnpany M, Eighth. Infantry, where he is in command. He also said, although it ma.y seem incredible, that acting on the defensive, drove off the enemy, killing ll of them With no loss he was proud of being so ca.lled. to themselves. "The people of the United States have no conception o.f the conditions Mr. President, I read these extraets to show that war is still prevailing down there. If they bad, a howl would go np from one end of the rife in that island. I have here an article that appeared in all the country to the other. Army officers tell of these things in confidence, bnt nothing is said with the idea. that it shall get to th~ outside world. public press of this country on the 20th of last December. It be "The peonle are to be brought in from the country and cooped np in gins with the following from General Chaffee: the towns. Those who refuse to come are to be hunted down, The only diffel'enooi can see between this and Weyler'smethods, which bronghtdown History affords no. parallel of a whole people thus practically turning war the wrath of the world upon the head of Spain, is that the Filipino reco:q traitors and in the g-enius of no other pe~le was ever found snch masterful centrados will in all probability be fed better than the Spanish fed those in poW&rs Of secrecy and dissimulation; bnt it is needless to sar that no power Cnba. ful state was ever erected or ever can be erected upon such unmoral and un "A detachment of soldiers went the other day to a town where there bad enlightened foundations. been prepared a feast, the occasion being a fiesta of a religious character. Then the article proceeds: The soldiers ate all there was to eat, then burned the town. "A man living in the country was surprised one day by a. lot of Signal This statement is made by General Chaffee~ military ~overnor and that if accused were soldiers in the insurgent army, and after defeat by_ tp.e Ameri anything happened to it-if it should be cut--hls house worud ba burned can army in the field abandoned even the show pf op~n opposition of tJ:te down Some ~hts later the wire was cut, and investigation showed it had half-uniformed guerrilla. banda and took up the1r reSidence at Taytay. m boon cut- near his house. When the wire was repaired, the soldiers made good their instructions and burned his house." ~Province, Luzon a ~ce protect~d by anAm~:riea.n garrison. Then, folloWing the proclaimed policy of the msnrgent chief~ they proceeded to 1\Ir. TILLMAN. Will the Senator from Colorado allow me to vrganize secretly a bolo band...... After the native population Wlthm the lines of the armyof occupation had ask a question of the Senator from Massachusetts? been authorized to establish civil gove~ent the band came f~rward ~der The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Col: the leadership of a resident padre, dictated and ?8CUI~ therr electi~ as orado yield to the Senator from South Carolina? municipal office:FS of Taytay, and entered upon then duties under American Mr. TELLER. Certainly. authority. Then ensued a remarkable attempt to serve two masters. ~all lawful matters they served with due appearance of loyalty the. ~en.ca:n Mr. TILLMAN. Iwill address the chairmanofthe Committee Government, while at the same time they labored secretly and diligent!~ m on the Philippines. I notice that there is considerable complaint the inter ests of the insurrection.. This dual form Association, and the Scripps-McRae Association garble and color and open discussion that the true bearing of the testimony that is them. In my judgment, they do nothing of the kind. elicited can be gotten to the public. I agree with the newspapers Mr. TILLMAN. Iamnotmakingtheaccusation. I am merely that are complaining of the exclusion of their regular correspond repeating what I have heard. ents, that this is to a certain extent a star-chamber investigation. There is another question I propose to ask the chairman of the The principal newspapers of the country, through men who are committee, and that is, What other witnesses are to be called or particularly skilled in reports of that kind, should have the oppor when will Governor Taft get through? In other words, will we tunity of being represented in this investigation and in every other be able to get any information from any source which we may investigation of like character by theh' own chosen representa want to present in an authoritative way before Congress adjourns? tives. Being thus represented, no harm could come, but, on the Mr. LODGE. As soon as Governor Taft gets through-- contrary, the greatest good would result; for then the testimony, Mr. TILLMAN. The Senator is pressing this bill with might the facts, and the circumstances would be discussed before the and main, day and night, pushing and shoving to get to a vote; public in the different lights and from the different standpoints and yet Senators want to get all the facts in regard to the war in that the newspaper men of the country would occupy toward the Philippines and some data which we think should be obt&in them. able if the committee would bring in some witnesses, but they do I simply say so much because I, as one member of the commit not seem likely ever to reach them. tee, do not wish to stand before the public as favoring the arrange 11Ir. LODGE. This bill has nothing to do with the conduct of ment by which only the representatives of the Associated Press, the war. It is simply a tariff bill, as the Senator well knows. the Sun newspaper! and the Scrips-McRae Press are admitted to We have heard Governor Taft every day for ten days, and the the room of the committee. minority of the committee will bnvar me out in the statement that Mr. CARMACK. Mr. President-- the commifue hr.s been as diligent as it was possible to be iu hear The PRESIDENT pro tempore. Does the Senator from Colo ing him. His testimony naturally takes some time. The Sena rado [:M:r. TELLER] yield to the Senator from Tennessee? tors on the committee, both of the majm'ity and minority, have Mr. TELLER. I do. desired to ask him a grezt mzny questions. I should be very glad Mr. CARMACK. I know the Senator from Colorado [Mr. PAT· if his testimony could be finished at the earliest possible day, and TERSON] does not mean to charge, and I do not think any Senator of course it will be. Then we shaH go on and call Army officers of the minority would charge, that there has been any effort on that is the present plan-and call in witnesses whom any member the part of the committee to suppress information in regard to of the committee desh'es who can throw any light on affairs in the investigation that is going on. I do not think there has been the Philippines. Of course, the first thing to do is to hear what any intention of that sort on the part of any member of the com Governor Taft. who is here temporarily. has to say. That course mittee, whether of the majority or the minority. has been agreed to by the committee without dissent. I think it was agreed among us that it would be impossible to Mr. TILLMAN. I hope the Senator does not think I am find hold our sessions in the small room occupied by the committee, ing any fault with the committee as to the conduct of the inves and it was thought by some of us-I believe I myself made th& tigation. I just wanted a little light in order to b~ able to form suggestion-that admission to the three press associations would some opinion as to when we might get some facts that would be be ample and would relieve us from the charge of conducting a acceptable, if Wb ever can get other witnesses before the com star-chamber investigation. mittee. I must say, Mr. President, that I have been disappointed in the Mr. PATTERSON. Mr. President; with reference to the ad reports of the press associations. I think they have sent very mission of the press to the examinations before the Committee on meager and imperfect and not very well edited reports of the ex the Philippines, I think it may be stated that the first proposition aminations. I do not think that has been t4e intention at all, but was to totally exclude the press. I think that proposition was that it is simply due to the fact that the Associated Press and made by the chairman of the committee. Some of us objected. these other press associations always send meager reports of such Mr. LODGE. I never made such a statement before the com matters because the majority of the newspapers they serve would mittee-never. I object very seriously, Mr. President, to this not want full reports; but I think some means could be arranged wholly unusual course of bt'inging the discussions of a committee by which the special correspondents should be given early access into this Chamber. It is never done here. I simply deny for to the testimony before the committee. I do not know exactly myself that I made any such proposition. how it can be arranged; but if the newspapers that want a fuller Mr. PATTERSON. Notwithstanding the denial of the chair report than is given by the press associations can be very early man of the committee, I reiterate what I said. I was the first one given access to the testimony, I think it will .anSwer the purpose. to object on the committee- It is not practical in the room where·the committee now sits that Mr. LODGE. Mr. President, I should like to ask the Senator access should be given to all the correspondents. from Colorado whether he reiterates that I asked to have the press As I have said, I do not think there was any intention on the excluded £-.com the hearings bt the committee? part of anyone to hold a star-chamber investigation. Mr. PATTERSON. My recollection is that that was your Mr. TILLMAN. Mr. President-- proposition. Mr. PATTERSON. Will the Senator from South Carolina Mr. LODGE. Mr. President, I have denied it absolutely. That yield to me for a moment? is not the case. I made no such suggestion. Mr. TILLMAN. Certainly. Mr. HOAR. Mr. President, I rise to a question of order. Mr. PATTERSON. Mr. President, I want to disclaim any de Mr. PATTERSON. Mr. President-- sire or any purpose of charging that it was proposed by any mem The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Massachu ber of the committee that there should be what is termed a star setts [Mr. HoAR] rises to a question of order. The Senator will chamber investigation. If I had not been stopped by the point state it. of order, it would ~ave been entirely proper to say that the ex • Mr. HOAR. My question of order is, that it is not in order to planation was made that the testimony would be printed from state what occulTed in a committee except by the committee's day to day, and then the entire press of the country could have authority. access to it. I objected to a thing of that kind for the reason Mr. PATTERSON. Mr. President-- that then the news would be a day old and the press of the coun The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Colorado. try would have no use, as it never has, for stale news. Mr. HOAR. I as:k for a ruling of the Chair on that point of I want to disclaim all purpose of suggesting that there was an order. inclination upon the part of any member of the committee to keep Mr. PATTERSON. Mr. President, the Senator from Alabama f~om the public the ~estimony, what~ver it might be. The ques · [Mr. PETTUs] who sits by my side agrees with the Senator fi·om tion arose, Mr. Prestdent, from the siZe of the room and the dis Massachusetts [1\Ir. HoAR] that refen'ing to what has transpired comfort that would necessarily follow fTom a very crowded in a committee is out of order. I want to say that I do not believe attendance. If I had not been arrested by the point of order, that that simply admitting the representatives of the three press asso matter would have been made perfectly clear before I took my ciations to the examinations before the committee gives that kind, seat a little while ago. degree, and character of publicity to examinations that are deemed Mr. TILLMAN. Mr. President, if the Senator from Colorado by a great many Senators to be of the importance that these are, [Mr. TELLER] will permit me-- for the reason that the Associated Press and the other press asso Mr. TELLER. Certainly. ciations necessarily curtail the reports, while if the coiTespondents Mr. TILLMAN. I would suggest, if I may be permitted to of the press stationed at Washington had the opportunity to report suggest, that we have a very commodious room in the Library the proceedings, the country would get every phase and every color for the use of Senators, where this committee could hold its in of whatever was stated before the committee. They would have vestigations and give access to such members of the press as the opportunity to discuss,·to enlarge, and to suggest. chose to attend the sittings. Representatives of the Democratic papers would probably view . I expect l~t~r ~m there .will be some rather startling evidence the testimony from one standpoint and representatives of the Re giVen , and 1f 1t Is to be Sifted by these three press associations in publican papers from another standpoint. It is only by that free the way Governor ·Taft's evidence has _been sifted, or rathe~ 1902. CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. ..· 1653 condensed, I do not think it will be satisfactory to the Senate or a tribute also to the attempt of our Government to institute and to the people of the United States. create an educational system in the islands of the Philippines. While, of course, I have no intention of criticising the commit That I approve; that is probably one of the things, that if we tee, it ·does seem to II;l.e that the utmost publicity should be given should withdraw from the islands to-morrow, would still be left. in an investigation involving such vital questions; in other words, When anybody tells me that the tea<::hers in the Philippines are the whole issue of the Philippine situation, as to what we are to safe, I will say that I should expect them to be safe when I read do and how we are to get out of thatthingwithhonor. We have in almost every document I take up of the thirst, the anxiety, got hold of them, and some men say we can not let loose. I con and the ea:r.u.estness of those people for educational facilities. If cede that their contention has great force. We certainly can not they were savages I should expect them to kill the teachers; but hold on and continue W eyler's methods with any degree of sa. tis I do not believe they will do so. I do not believe the teachers faction to anybody. I think we owe it to the people of the coun will be disturbed even in regions where it would not be safe for a try to give them the full account of everything that is brought soldier to travel. I believe a teacher may safely travel anywhere before the committee ·of investigation. Here we are expressing in the.Phili.ppines. opinions; there we will get witnesses, and the credibility of those The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair lays before the witnesses will, of course, depend upon the character of the men. Senate a communication from the Secretary of War, which will Mr. TELLER. Mr. President-- be read. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The &>n.ator from. Colorado is The Secretary read the communication as follows: entitled to the floor and will proceed. WAR DEP.A.RTMl'h~, Washington, Feln•uary 12, 1902. THE QUESTION ABOVE PaRTISA.NSIIIP. Sm.: I have the nonor to forward herewith a. copy of a. letter from Hon. Mr. TELLER. :Mr. President, I have not concluded all I de William H. Taft, governor of the Philippine Islands, to the Secretary of War, with an inclosure thereto, entitled "Federal Party Message to the Congress sire to say on this subject, but I think I have talked as long as I of the United States of America," dated at Manila, November, 1001. ought to be required to do to-day, and I shall ask the Senate to Very respectfully, allow me to proceed for a very short time to-morrow morning. ELIHU ROOT, Secretary of War. Hon. WILLIAM P. FRYE, Before I sit down I want to say to the Senator from Wiscon President p1·o temp01·e, United States Senate. sin [Mr. SPOO~ER] that if he thought I seemed to exhibit more irritation than was necessary about what he said, I have not the Mr. SPOONER. Mr. President, I ask that the entire com slightest feeling regarding it, and I know he did not intend any munication may be read. disrespect o:r discourtesy to me. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. If there is no objection, the Mr. President, I have tried to approach this question simply from Secretary will read the papers accompanying the communication the standpoint of justice. I feel that the honor and reputation of from the Secretary of War. my country are at stake. I can not but feel that we are entering The Secretary 1·ead the accompanying communication from upon a course that must, if persisted in, be absolutely disastrous Ron. William H. Taft and the petition, which appear later in the to us, not simply in the point of money, but in point of morals. proceedings. I have myself never been so active a partisan that I would al- Mr. HOAR. Mr. President, I do not wish to resume yester ·low my country to suffer in the interest of any party whatever. day's debate at this hour in the afternoon; but it seems to me I hold that country is above party and that duty is above party, this document is a pretty extraordinary commentary on what was Mr. President. In my service in this body, when in accord with said yesterday. Senators read the provision in section 9, which the party now in power, I found myself not infrequently com prohibits membership in any society, secret or open, for the propa pelled to differ from it and to vote practically alone. That I gation or promulgation of any political opinion or policy. Now have sometimes done when sitting· on the Republican side of the here is a political party, an association with by-laws-- Chamber because I did not approve of the policies that party Mr. ALDRICH. Oh, no. adopted. If I thought, Mr. President, that I was here as a par Mr. HOAR. Oh, yes; it is a political party. tisan, if I thought I would present to the Senate one scrap of evi Mr. ALDRICH. I suggest to the Senator that he read section 9. dence or one attempted argument which I would not present if I Mr. HOAR. Very well. were sitting on that side of the Chamber, I should feel that I was All persons who shall meet together for the purpose of forming or who unfit for this public place. Hence, I could but feel it when the shall form any secret society- Senator from Wisconsin thoughtlessly put a question to me, Now do not be rash about it- which seemed to me at least, though I do not suppose he so in any secret society, or who shall after the passage of this act continue mem tended it, to indicate that he thought I had forgotten that I bership in any society- occupied the highest possible position in American public life as a Mr. FAIRBANKS. Secret society? member of this body, and that I had a duty to my country that was Mr. HOAR. No. it is not; of course. greater than any possible obligation I could have to any political Mr. GALLINGER. It means that. association. I am not of that temperament, Mr. President, that Mr. HOAR. It does not mean that. It is absolutely distinct. I am so anxious to exploit my own ideas and to force them upon The difference is emphasized. It says: A society already formed. having for its object, in whole or in part, the other people that I can not see what is just and right. promotion of treason, rebellion, or sedition, or the promulgation of any po If I exhibited more warmth, as I probably did, than the circum litical opinion or policy- stances demanded. or required or justified, I simply want to say Of any sort or kind- that I felt I was doing a great public duty and a public service, shall be punished by a fine not exceeding $1,000, or by imprisonment not ex and I was trying to perform that duty in the best possible man ceeding one yea1·, or both. ner, knowing full well that, however I might try, it would be Here is a society with by-laws, according to the statement of weakly and improperly done, but that it would be done according that paper, established, promulgating certain political opinions; to the best of my ability before my country and before my God. and this provision which I have read is followed by section 10: Mr. SPOONER. :Mr. President, I want to say to the Senator Until it has been officially proclaimed that a state of war or insurrection from Colorado that I had asked leave to interrupt him. I did not against the authority or sovereignty of the United States no longer exists in intend to put any question which would be offensive. the PhililJpine Islands, it shall be unlawful for any person to advocate, orally or by wnting or printing, or like methods, the independence of the Philip Mr. TELLER. I know that. pine Isla.n~ or their separation .from th.e Unite~ States, whether by peace Mr. SPOONER. And I think the Senator, on reflection, will able or forcible mea~, ~r to prmt, .Publish, 9r crrculate any handbill, news not find anything in the question which I put to him which in paper, or other vublicatwn advocating such mdependence or separation. Any person v10lati.n.g the provisions of this section shall be punished by 8 volved that. The Senator had made a long speech, to which I fine of not exceeding $l;l,OOO and imprisonment not exceeding one year. had listened attentively, as I always listen to his speeches, and nothing escaped him which manifested in any way an approval Mr. RAWLINS. Will the Senator from Massachusetts yield of what the Administration had done over there, and I thought it to permit me to read what Governor Taft recently said in his was a fair question to put to him whether his impeachment was testimony in regard to the Federal party? It is very brief. I do not an absolute and universal one. I did not mean to imply at all wish to interrupt the Senator. that the Senator was unpatriotic. I never imputed such a thing Mr. HOAR. The Senator can read it now, if he pleases. to him in any debate, and I had no intention of doing so when I Mr. RAWLINS. I read from page 51 of Governor Taft's testi interrupted him. mony: Mr. TELLER. I acquit the Senator of any such intention. I Senator RAWLINS. If you will permit me in this connection, two members of your Commission, I balieve, are members of the Federal party? am willing to accept his suggestion that I was perhaps a little Governor TAFT. Yes, sir; three of them are. too sensitive, but I had intended as part of my remarks to say, .if Senator RaWLINS. Three. And the object of that party, as contained in the Senator had not interrupted me, what I did about the Chinese its platform, is, first, territorial government, with representation in Con gress, and, further a. way, statehood? affair. I had had it in mind for a long time that, whenanoppor Governor TAFT. Yes, sir. tunity presented, I should like to pay a merited tribute to the Senator RAWLINS. And that same promise, or an assurance of that de Administration for its management of affairs in China. scription, is being made to the people to induce them to surrender their arms and submit to the Government? I mean also before I get through, unless I forget it-and such Governor TAFT. If you are stating that "whereas" as coming from me, I was certainly my purpose when I commenced thisspeech-topay will have to qualify it in certain respects. \ 1654 CONGRESSIONAL "RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 12, Senator RAWLINS. That is the object of the party and the declaration of Mr. BACON. I thought if the names were appended it might its platform. You agree with me? be well to omit them. Governor TAFT. Yes; that is true. Senator RAWLINS. And the Feder::tl party is, as stated in your report, an The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Chair hears no objection effectiv-e instrument in the pacification of the islands? to the printing of the papers in the RECORD. Governor TAFT. It is. Senator RAWLINS. Is not that party holding out a promise in that way-! The papers referred to are as follows: do not me~n expressly-that those ends will be realized if the people submit WAR DEP.ARTAIE.NT, Washington, February 1$, 1902. to the authority of the United States? Sm: I have the honor to forward herewith a copy of a letter from the Ron. Governor TAFT. The Federal party, if you will permit me to sa.y so, is William H. Taft, governor of the Philippine Islands, to the Secretary of War, made up of a majority of the educated people in the islands. It is certainly with an inclosure thereto, entitled "Federal party message to the Congress the political organization most widespread in the islands. The Federal party of the United States of America," dated at Manila, November, 1901. formed their platform. They brought it to us to approve or disapprove. Very respectfully, We said we could not approve or disapprove; that the question of statehood ELIHU ROOT, Secretary of War. was a question so far removed in the future that it wa.s none of our business Ron. WILLI.A.M P. FRYE, to discuss it; and so we have reiterated through the island. President p~·o tempm·e United States Sertate. The statement in the platform is that. That is one of the aspirations of the party. It does not involve, and the platform does not state that-it has W .A.SRINGTON, D. C., February 8, 1902. ever been promised by anybody having any authority in the islands, and while its presence there may have united and may have brought people to The SEC'RETABY OF W .AR, Washington, D. C. the hope that it would ba done, and it may be that some people have been Srn: Just before I left Manila I was requested by representatives of the misled by it-- Federal party to present to the two Houses of Congress a. memorial of the Senator RAWLINS. Would it not necessarily have that significance to the Federal party to those Houses which accompanies this communication. people, ignorant to a degree, when three of the members of the Commission, Very respectfully, officials under our own Government, are the most prominent leaders of that WM.H.TAFT. pa~~ernor TAFT. It is possible that it has had some influence of that sort. Federal party-Message to the Congress of the United States of America ac Senator RAWLINS. What I wanted to a~k in this connection is, When that corded in extraordinary assembly, November,1901, Manila. expectation, built up in that way, is disappointed, as it may be, what will be To the Cong·ress of the United States: the effect upon those people? Governor TAFT. To begin with, Senator RAWLINS, the question of state The Federal party, assembled in extraordinary conventio~ called pnrsn hood, like the question of independence, is so far in the future, in my judg ant to its by-laws, resolved under this date to transmit to the \.xmgress of the ment-I give only my judgment-and it is so understood by the people there, United Sta.tes a memorial of the tenor following: I think that I do not regard that feature of it as very important. The Spanish-American war ended with the treaty of Paris, dated Decem The k~uth is that the Federal party included a good many who were not in ber 10, 1098, article 9 of which, last paragraph, lays down the following: "The favor of statehood, who were in favor of ultimate inde-pendence, and so ex civil rights and political status of the native inhabitants of the territories pressed themselves. The Federal party was founded chiefly on the platform hereby ceded to the United States shall be determined by the Congress." of peace, and now they have formed a party in Manila op_posed to the Federal The performance of this international obligation of the United States has party and c..1.lled the party of peace. I say opposed. It is taking different be-en deferred to this time because of the unfortunate fact of the Filipinos lines, hoping to bring about peace, and then looking to the future, as they having attacked the soverei~tyof the United States, a hostile act which the may progress, either to statehood or to independence. Federal party regards as havmg been brou~ht about through misunderstand ings and not through hatred of the Amencan sovereignty. It is a demon Mr. HOAR. Now, Mr. President, it is perfectly lawful, ac strated fact, neverthele.~~ .that at this time out of the 60 provinces and dis tricts into which the Pn.ililv;pine Archipelago was formerly divided in two cording to the interpretation of this statute, to publish political only (Ba.tangas and Samar does war exist, and it ma.y be asserted that the opinions when tln·ee members of the Commission happen to be remaining ~ are complete y pacified. In the majority of these the Federal members of the society for promulgating them and to continue party has committees professmg the ideals set forth in its platform, and they are duly represented in this convention. members of that political society, provided-we want to have our It is likewise a notorious and demonstrated fact that the pacified pueblos scientific deduction of the general rule precisely coincide with the anxiously desire the prompt appearance of a deftnitive civil rule, as is shown particular fact-provided they accompany their promulgation of by the obvious fact that they ~oyfully accepted the provisional civil regime which the United States Civil Commission presided over by the Ron. Mr. their opinion with the expression of a marvelous admiration for Taft, has established in all the pacified pueblos and provinces, it being per the wisdom of the commissioners. That seems to be the result. tinent to add here that the Commissioners were received everywhere with Let me repeat, Mr. President, here is a law or edict under the sincere and splendid manifestations of enthusiasm, demonstrative of the ar dent desire to enjoy as soon as may be civil rule. authority of the United States which, in the great question what It is, lastly, a fact., likewise admitted, that those who are still in arms al shall be the fate of a great people, permits persons of pTecisely the lege the lack of a civil regime, agreed upon and promulgn. ted by the Congress way of thinking of rulers appointed by a foreign country to be of the United States, as a weighty pretext for their belligerent attitude, which refProe shall determine at once the political status and civil rights long to political associations and to promulgate political opinions of the native inhabitants of the Philippine Archipelago, pm"Sua.nt to the said at their discretion, and makes it a penal offense to belong to any article 9 of the treaty of Paris. society or to print or publish or in any way circulate in news From the foregoing facts are deduced the timeliness, advisability, and ne cessity for Congress at its next session to carry into effect the intention ex paper or other publication any other political opinion whatever. pressed in the treaty of Paris to define the future of the Philippines in its They tell us the Philippine Islanders do not want independence, relations with the United States, as well as in those which affect the individ and they point to their expression, when it is a penal offense to ual and internal existence of the archipelago. On the other hand, from the moment that the great majority of the Fili express any desire for independence whatever. pinos accept and recognize American sovereignty there is no reason for not Mr. SPOONER. If the Senator from Massachusetts will par replacing the militn.ry regime by a civil rule of a popular character, in con don me, he wants, in what he says, to be fairly accurate. The formity with the decisive wordS of the never to be forgotten President Mc Kinley, recorded in this message addressed to the Congress on December 5, section reads: lb'OO, and transmitted in the instructions gi>en to the Secretary of War, Mr. All persons who shall meet together for the purpose of forming, or who Roo~. who,onAI>:rll.7, 1900, in ~.commm;riC!l-te9- them ~the Ron. 1\f;'. Taft, shall form, any secret society, or who shall, after the passage of this act, con president of the Umted States Civil ColD.llllSSlon m these ISlands, for his guid tinue membership in a society already formed. ance and that of his colleagues on the Commission. The civil commission has officially proclaimed that the civil regime, with The Senator read it "any." It is "a." the imJ>lantation of which it was charged, is merely of a provisional charac Mr. HOAR. I read it aright, but I may have been repeating ter, With a very decided tendency toward a h"beral evolution for the future. it; I do not know. (Speeches of Mr. Tafton July 4 and September 2of this year at the ina.ugura tion of the provisional civil rule.) The Federal ~rty invokes the above-cited Mr. ALDRICH. In the first reading the Sanator read "any" words to justify before Congress the propriety or this memorial, which+.-more instead of " a." over, is based on article 1 of the amendments to the Constitution of the united Mr. SPOONER. It was a pure inadvertence, and the Senator States of December 17,1787, which consecrates the rights of people pea.ceably to assemble and ~titian the Government for a redress of grievances. would want to be correct; that is all. Entering now mto the substance of this memorial, the Federal party divides Mr. HOAR. What I said will be printed unchanged in that it into two parts, followin;~ the order of the importance and transcendency particular. The Senator will find, I think, that I read it exactly. of the petitions contained r.n.erein. · It may be that when I repeated i~ more than once I translated it. FIRST PART-PETITION FOR ll~TION AND FORM OF GOVERN~I1il·<'T. but it means exactly the same thmg. The Federal party has made an exhaustive study of the sentiments of the Filipino people, as well as those animating the American people, with respect The PRESIDENT pro tempore. What shall be done with the to determinmg the future of these islands. rest of the paper? The reading of it has not been completed. From the mass of data which the Federal party has had before it, and J4r. SPOONER. I ask that it may be printed in the RECORD. seriously and formall-y considered, it is clea.rly deduced that the intention of the Americans and Filipinos is to constitutionally join the Philippines to ltir. HOAR. I thought it had been read. Amorica in such a way that the former may never be separated from the Mr. ALDRICH. Had not the reading of the petition been latter, nor the latter disunited from the former. finished? "In order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Secretary finished the and secure the blessings of liberty" are the principles in which the policy reading of the petition, but theTe are other matters in the paper. which should be followed in the Philippines should be inspired without the Mr. HOAR. Let them be printed as a document also. loss of a moment. To make of the Philippines a colony of the United States or to grant in Mr. SPOONER. I ask that all the matters sent by the Secre dependence to the Philippines would be to hand the islands over to disorder tary of War be printed in the RECORD. and to anarchy, to destruction and to chaos. The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Wisconsin In ~ff~t the <:alonial. system involves the principles of diffe~ence of citi zenship, mequality of nghts, and other consequent abuses and mjustices, of asks that the remainder of the paper which has not been read and all of which we Filipinos were.surfeited under the Spanish Government, and which was submitted to-day be printed in the RECORD. Is there for this reason we reject eve1~hing which tends toward a colony. Philippine independence, w1th or without a protectorate, means the hold objection? ing of power by all the terrible elements of the sects which predominate Mr. BACON. I inquire whether the names are appended or and wo~d yredominate still for some years, until the anger of Filipinos to~ not? ward Filrpmos shall have been completely calmed, education become more Mr. SPOONER. They are not. general, and the fananticism we have inherited from Spain exiled. 1902. ) CONGiRESSIONAL R-ECOR-D-SENATE. 1655 I Federation or annexation would settle all these difficulties by concentrat ste-ps best suited to attacking them at the root, especially recommending the ing the interests of th~ Filipino people upon educa.tion and labor, the most course suggested by Governor Taft :in his various reports, without prejudice efficient means for bringing about a prompt uplifting. to the rights a-sserted by the pueblos. ' 'l'ha Federal party can .assure the ·Congress that the foregoing is the true Another of the great aspirations of the country is the obtention of a ·gen opinion of the best -elements ~tnd gre..'\ ter part of the Filipinos, as is evidenced ·eral and complete amnesty. 1bY the annexed report of the Federal party, which was made by direction of In the pacified portions of the Philippine Islands there are to-day thoumnds General MacArthur, a.nd which has all the-character of.anofficm1 document. of prosecutions brought against .the revolutionists who have SnrTendered In behalf, then, of the Federal party, this convention has the honor to very and submitted to American sovereignty, ior acts of violence committed by respectfully present to the Cong:ress th~ following petition praying a declara the said revolutionists while they were in the field and prior to their sur tion by the Congre...~ of the Umted Statestothe effect that Philippine Islands ren~r as they are described in the treaty of Paris and subsequent conventions with Cle-ar it is that the said prosecutions are taken cognizance of by the mili Spain, are an integral-part of the Republic of the United States of N<>rth tary as well as the ordinary -courts, and it is also clear that in the trials thus 'America, the said Philippine Islands -constituting a Territory-with the rights instituted the apprehending and .arrest of the accused are ordered. ' and "Privileges which the Constitution of the United Stat~ gra!J.ts to the Thi!J legaJ procedure, which -at the beginning did no~ cause al?-y u.neasi other Territories such as that of becoming eventually a State of the Union. ness, IS now, by reason of the great numbar of accusatkms, begmmng to 1 Therefore the Feder 1 party proposes the following form of Territorial gov be a menace to peace, because a majority of the ex-revolutionists, becoming ernment: alarmed by the news of approaching prosecution spread by the periodicals (a) Executive power.-A governor appointed by the President or the United inimical to peace, cam-e in under the protection of the allthorities but some States, with a veto power over the chambers si:l:nilar to that which the ha>et~.lrea.dy taken 'refuge abroad, and others have taken themselv-es to the l American Constitution grants the said ·President of the United States, · field, to the extent that one insul"recto ~eneral who had previously surren assisted by four secret~ries-of the interior, of the treasury, of public in dered (Gene1·al Lacuna) hid himself -agam in the for~t because of the news struction, and of agriculture, industry, and commerce-who shall be ap published by said periodicals tlmt he was to be rearrested. Thanks to the pointed by the governor, with the consent of the Filipino senate. wisdom of "the authorities, General.La{luna was prevailed upon to come back ,All appointments made by the governor in the exercise of his authority to within the law. o.flices the salary of which shall exceed $3,COO a year shall be made with the The Federal -party ought to add to the foregoing that there are many re'VO consent of the Filipino senate. lutionists who have submitted themselves to the American sovereignty, who (b) Legislative power.~To be composed of two c~mbers, a .senate and a a.re now deported to distant islands or are undergoing sentences in jailS -and chamber of representatives. prisons, the .families, relatives, ll.D.d "friends of wnom are now suffering i:he The senate shall be composed of 00 members, of which 14 shall be ap-pointed greatest sorrow and many are in want. 1by the governor and the remaining 16 elected by suffrage by each of the ex- All this accumulation of evils, some justifiable and others not, likewise is;tin~ H judic~l distfi..cts, at the rate of 1 senator for each district, except the produce a very great obstacle to romplete pacification, by reason of which Idistnct of Manila, wbicb. shall have 2 senators. there has been awakened a general aspiration for the comJ?lete :amnesty and The.req_uirements for senator are: To be a Filipino or American citizen, the forgetfulness of the past, excepting, of course, for cl'lRles ofmm·der of with a reSidence for the latter in the country of a year-at least prior to the . women :and children. ; election or appointment; to be 00 years of age; to be a landed yroprietor to Th~ Federal party .also complied with its duty by bringing to the notice of 'the value of $5,000, or to have an income of $500 per annum pno1' to election Congress this desire -of the Filipino lJMple and recommending its granting. or appointment. _ The third great aspiration of the Filipinos is to secure a prom'Pt and effi The senatorial eJections shall be made by too municipalities of the respec cacious remedy for the want of money, which shall respond, under the best .tive judicial districts, and elections for senators of the judicial district of possible conditions, to the requirements of agriculture. ~anila by the me~bers of the advis~ry ~d of the said city, and two addi Agriculture is the sole baslS of the private and public wealth of the Phil tionalrepresentati'Ves from each of Its districts to be chosen by suffrage. ippine Islands, where .industcy and commerce have not had favorable oppor 'The number of representatives shall not exceed 1 for every 100,000 inhab tunities to grow in thelJaBt. itants. The :five years of war through whicb the country hatrpassed, together with Until a census shall be taken there shall be 1 representative from l:lach the grea.t·evils of the rinderpest and floods, have destroyed the best and most province and district and 6 for the city of Manila, all to be chosen by popular necessary aids of the splendid agriculture of the Philippines by exhausting vote. the money of the pueblos, the majority of which have been burned. In order to be a representative it is necessary to be a Filipino or American, We have to-day the field fallow, and the field hands inactiv~, for there are t:J:J.e latter with a residence of three years and of lawful age. no working animals, nb.r money to buy them; nor is there money to defray To be an elector it is necessary to be a Filipino or American, with a resi the other expenses of cultiva-tion and farm work. This lack of money and dence of one year in the locality, to be 21 years of age, and to be able to read the resultant paralyzation of agriculture occasion the evils of highwaymen and write. and famine, which p1·oduce personal insecurity in unpopulated places, evils The office of senator or representative shall be incompatible with any that can only be remedied through the undertaking of great -public works, other office remrmm ted by the government. such as the construction and repair of roads, bridges, and public buildings, The term of office of senator or representative shall be for four years and and the estalilishment or agricultural banks under the direction and respon~ two years, respectively, with the right to reelection. sibility of the provincial governments themselves, which shall make loans One-.half of the members of the senate shall be renewed ~very two years. under the favorable conditions of long terms, small payments, and low in The sessions of both chambers shall not exceed ninety days in-each year. terest, secured by-mortgages. The senators and representatives shall be paid $20 for each day of session For this reason the Federal party believes it also to be its duty to suggest Bttended. to the Congress in order to remedy this evil known by the name of the .Each chamber shall t:na.ke its own rules ::md elect its own presiding officer. metallic crisis, the granting of authority to the present government to ne~o Tho presiding officer of the senate shall in all cases be the substitute of the tiate a loan at a fair inte1·est, amortizable gradualll within fifty years, to oe g.overnor. . secured by the insular, provincial, and municipa "l'evenues of the Philip- (c) .Judicial powe1·.-There shaJ.lo be a Federal court for the trial of Federal matters, following the established usages in other reco~ed Territories, pin.fl.~ fourth of the great aspirations of the country is to obtain from the the members of which shall be appointed by the Presiaent of th~ United Congress the approval of all the acts of the Civil Commission of the United States. States in these islands, presided over by the Hon. Mr. Taft. because the The supreme court, the courts of first instance, and other inferior courts country is convinced of the gre.."'.t benefits accruing to the pueblos and prov shall continueas.at present until the Filipino congress shall otherwise de inces through the laws enacted by the said Commission. termine. In fact, when it is remembared that in a little over a year the honorable Representation in tke Congress of the United States.-The Filipino Archl Commission has personally visited and organized the principal provinces of Jlelago sha.ll be represented in the Congress of the United States by two rep the archipelago, endowing them with the 'Provincial andmurucipal codes; that resentatives of the Philippines in joint session assembled. it haB, moreover, reorganized the courts of justice, promulgating a new Code The foregoing form of ~overnment, which we believe to be in keeping of Civil Procedure and is now engaged in wisely spreading the civil rule with the social .and political conditions of the country, is based upon the which it established on the 4th of July of this year by order of the Secretary democratic principles contained in our -platform and on the desire of the of War, the Hon. Mr. Root, we Filipinos would be very rmgratefnl were we Filipill.os to be educated in the governmentalll.S(l,g-es of Ameri~. For these n.ot to recognize in the honorable executors of th~ never to be forgotten reaSOilS we hold as sacred the 'Jlrinciple of the complete separation of the Mr. William McKinley the blessings of liberty so often promised to the Fili powers a.nd the office of secretary and legislator as incompatible. pinos by that unfortunate and ever loved President. We fucilitate the admission of Americans to the legisla-ture by recogniz The last general aspiration is ba.sed on the intentions of the American ing the authority of the governor to appoint 14 members of the aJ who !".re Government to apply the money captured from the former Filipino govern to compose the senate, for the pm-pose, already mentioned, of educating om· ment to the purposes most beneficial to the people of the Philippine Islands, selves m American legislation. the real providers of .such money-an intention whiCh seems evident from SECOI\"'D PART. the annexed "concessions" granted Senor Felipe Buencamino on June 28, 1900, by Major-General MacArthur, commanding general .and military gov In this second part the Federal party suggests to the Congress the fulfill ernor m the Philippines-in order to secure the pacification of the insurgents ment of other great aspirations of the country of a social and .economical in arms. character by recommending the adoption of adequate measures within the The Federal party suggests to the Congress the creation with said money sovereign attributes of the Congress. of a trust fund, to be devoted to encouraging higher education among th~ The principal of these aspirations relat~s to the remedy for the ancient Filipinos in the .most practical and advisable way. evil known as the friar, under which denomination are included all the A board of trustees -selected from among the most prominent Filipinos religious orders now existing in these islands. should administer the said fun.d, applying it to the said purpose. In the preamble to the great American Constitution fundamental benefits Manila,~ovember9,19ITL of every civilized society are clearly defined, and they are: Recorded. "To form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure ·domestic tran ALEJANDRO ALBERT, Secretary. quillity provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity." These are ORIGIN .AND GROWTH OF THE FEDERAL PARTY. likewise the earnest desire of the Filipino _people, but the religious orders constitute an element which are visibly opposed to the Filipino people secur MA.l\-n.A, May 11., JX!. ing such noble ends. Maj. Gen. ARTHUR MAcARTHUR, It seems unnecessary to record here that the abuses committed by there Military Governo1· in the Philippines, Manila, P. L ligious orders against the Filipino people were what brought about the bloody GENERAL: After the outbreak of hostilities between the American ·and the struggles of the past, and are the cause of the deep hatred existing between Filipino troops, in February, 1898, those of us in Manila sought to constitute a the Filipinos and the friars, continuously and at this very time fed by two party which, accepting American sovereignty, could bri:ng_~aboutpeace and very serious reasons, which are the contentions with respect to the adffiinis permit the Filipinos under those conditions to petition the United States for 'tration of the wealtby Filipino parishes, and the controversies as to the own such rights and privileges as they might desire, by the employment of lawful ership of the great estates situated in several provinces of the archipelago. means. Throu~~ the causes above set forth there occurred a short time ago several At that time a sort of delirium possessed all minds; men who reasoned dis mobs or aisturbances, which were settled peaceably, thanks to the tact and passionately were rare, and the majority, almost the entirety, of Filipinos prudence of the American authorities, especially of the civil governor, Mr. believed toot their ideals of indepandence were of easy realization. Taft, but such disturbances ma"J be repeated with frequency and be con The Filipinos did not know the United States, except through the proclama verted into violent commotions, as has happened in the past, so long as the tions, the speeches1 and the orders of the Spanish authorities, and articles pub cause of the evil shalleonti.nue. lishea in the Spanisb._press, in all of which the United States were presented For this reason the Federal party believes it to be its duty·to make known as a threatening peril, .not only to liberty, but also to civilization, religion, to the Congress the existence of so grave and transcendental an evil, in order and -the family. These means were also used for inculcatin~ a belief in the that, acting within its sove1·eign autho1'ity, it may be pleased to take the debility and im_potence of the Uni~d States for a struggle With the Filii>inos. 1656 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD-SENATE. FEBRUARY 12, This was, as you are a ware, the reason for the immense lack of confidence cause it represented miserable vestiges of a worn-out and incomplete civili felt toward the United States by the Filipinos, and their feeling of absolute zation, and that now only it can be said that the Filipinos have an oppor security that they could overcome their great adversary in a strugs-le. tunity of becoming completely civilized, guided by a nation truly ca~ble of In order to bring about peace it was necessary to wait with :patience and civilizing and of conferrmg upon other peoples the benefits of its institutions confidence for the course of events to demonstrate to the Filipmos how er and customs. roneous were their beliefs. The lesson so experienced was long, and, unfor The Filipino people have an insatiable thirst for learning, a. thirst for jus tunately, cost the ruin of this country and many human lives. tice, and their tenacious resistance to the sovereignty of the United States The abuses of the men who wieldea power in the Philippine camp and ~he was due solely to the fear that the abuses and vexations of the ancient domi injustice and discont~nt which prevailed everywhere demonstrated the 1m nation would be continued by the new. Whenever the Government of the possibility of organizing an independent government; the triumph of Amer United States organizes public instruction and the administration of justice ICan arms showed that the accusation of cowardicel which had been spread gives S..'l.tisfaction to all those who appear to defend their rights, then we broadcast through the counti·y in the time of SI>arusli domination, was noth shall see what the feelin~s of our people will be toward the new sovereignty. ing but a stupid calumny, and finally, the conduct of the Americans after The Federal party believes in America. It believes in the Philippines. It their victories showed that they were not the cruel and wicked men they rests assured that Americal in a day not far distant, will give to the Filipinos were accused of being by the Spanish civil, military, and religious author all the rights which are en.1oyed by the inhabitants of the Columbian conti ities in official documents. nent, and also trusts that the Filipmos, within a very short time, will realize To some of us it appeared that this was an opportune occasion for forming their true interests and will enter without reserve or suspicion upon the path a political party and the :preliminaries of the preparation of our platform which the Federal party has pointed out to them. Inspired in the American were commenced. The prmcipal civil leaders of the insurrection and some spirit, adopting the Englli!h language, reading and thinking as Americans, of the generals were already m Manila, some of them having surrendered unto them it is given to demonstrate sooner or later to the Republic of the and others having been captured by_the Union forces, and had already ac United States that they are capable and worthy of forming part of the great knowledged the sovereignty of the United States. This fact was favorable Federation. to the work undertaken, convincing the people that peace was an absolute The history of the American people, the aptitude of Filipinos for civili.za necessity and that it would be the origin and starting point of a period of tion, and the observation of events which have taken place in the Philippines justice, during which liberty would gain the rights which could never be from 1896 to the present time justify the assertion that the Americanization attained by force of arms. of the Philippines will be more rapid than is believed by the most optimistic · Messrs. Buencamino, Dr. FrankS. Bourns Ner Argiielles Dance!, Fabie, and that as a consequence the triumph of the ideal of our Federal party Will Yangco, Torres, Arellano, and others, full of faith and corldence in their be comJ>lete. success, undertook this work. Their efforts were crowned by the convoca I send herewith a statement which shows the organization of the commit tion of a meeting which was held on the 23d day of December, 1900. In that tees day by day from January to the latter part of April. There are many meeting, over which Mr. Florentino Torres presided, the manifesto of the committees which have been organized in the provinces of the existence of Federal party was read, and a numerous gathering1 among whom were num which we have not yet received in the secretary's office any official notifica bers of Filipmos known for their anti-Americanist1c tendencies and irrecon tion, because they forward the notification of the organization of their com cilable attitude toward American sovereignty, was informed of the nature mittee to the headquart~rs of the province, and the latter does not always of the platform of the party. The platform was adopted by all, and thus the notify Manila as promptly as we would like. Federal party was establli!hed. I also send you a not~ of the approximate number (exact minimum figure) I must confess however,_ Without desiring to offend the loyalty of anyone, of our members, as also resume of the surrenders of armed men which have that this brilliant1 result diu not cause me a great deal of satisfaction. been accomplished through the efforts of the party. We were living in Manila under a military regime, and it was but reason Your very respectful servant, able to suppose that many would associate themselves 'vith the party in order H. PARDO DE TAVERA.. that they might not appear publicly as enemies of the American Government. However1 I w&S soon convinced of the real influence !Jf. the P!~ 2. Private property shall not be taken for public use without just compen pendent State in the American Union is the equivalent of an in sation. 3. In all criminal prosecutions the people shall enjoy the right of a speedy dependent government; and I am inclined to think that if the public trial; to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusations; to be American Congress was to declare that the archipelago would be confronted with the witnesses against them; to have compulsory process of given statehood, with all the rights ~nd privileges and protection obtaining witnesses in their behalf, and to bn.ve assistance of counsel in their defense. Excessive bail shall not be required; excessive fines shall not be that are given to American States and the inhabitants thereof, it imposed, nor cruel or unusual punishments inflicted. would have almost as soothing an effect as a declaration that they 4. No person shall be put twice in jeopardy for the same offense, or be should be granted their independence. compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself. 5. Unreasonable search and seizure shall not be practiced. This Federal party has met with the success that has attended 6. Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude shall exist except as a punish its efforts, has brought accessions to the peace party in the islands ment for crime. under a declaration and a pledge that it stands for statehood in 7. No bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed. 8. No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech or of the press the American Union; and I take it that if the Republican party or of the rights of the people to peacefully assemble and petition the govern should make known their purpose that in this generation and ment for a redress of grievances. probably in the next they do not intend to give statehood to the 9. No disqualification to holding office, either civil or military, in the f;OV ernment hereafter to be established under the sovereignty of the Uruted Philippine Islands, you would find that the Filipinos who have States in these islands, shall arise from service in the insurgent army. rallied to the American standard and to the cause of peace in the 10. As, under the Constitution of the United States complete religious Philippine Islands would leave as rats desert a sinking ship. freedom is guaranteed, and no minister of religion can be interfered with or molested in following his calling in a peaceful or lawful manner, and there Mr. President, let me call your special attention to the declara must be complete separation of church and state, so here the civil govern tion of the Federal party, the declaration that has brought into ment of these islands hereafter to be established will give the same security its ranks the boasted numbers as described by gentlemen upon to the citizens thereof and guarantee that no form of religion shall be forced by the government upon any community or upon any citizen of the islands; the other side. Under the head of part first comes the petition that no minister of religion m following his calling in a. pe."l.Ceful and lawful for annexation and for a government. manner shall be interferred with or molested by the government or any per The Federal party has made an exhaustive study of the sentiments of the son; that no public fun~ shall be used for the support of religious organiza Filipino people as well as those animating the American people with respect tions or any member thereof· that no official process sh.aJl ba used to collect to determining the future of these islands. contributions from the peopie for the support of any church, priest, or re From the mass of data which the Federal party has had before it, and se ligious order; that no minister of religion, by virtue of his being a. minister, riously a.nd formally considered, it is clearly deduced that the intention of shall exercise any public or governmental office or authority, and that the the Americans and Filipinos is to constitutionally join the Philippines to aepara.tion of church and state must be complete and entire. America in such a way that the former may never be separated from the In his individual capacity the military governor makes himself responsible latter nor the latter disunited from the former. for the following: . "In order to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic 1. Upon the complete cessation of hostilities and the surrender of all arms tranquillity\provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, now in the hands of the Filipino army, the private property now in the posses. and secure tne blessings of liberty" are the principles in which the policy sion of the United States shall be returned, upon due identification, to the which should be.followed in the Philippines should be inspired without the individual owners or adequate rent paid for the use thereof, provided that loss of a moment. the owners in each c..'i.SG take the prescribed oath of allegiance. This shall To make of the Philippines- not involve the payment of damages for property heretofore used, destroyed or consumed. Mark this language- 2. All m oney now held in these islands or in the hands of any Filipino To make of the Philippines a colony of the United States or to grant inde agent in Hongkong or elsewhere for the use of the insur~ent army shall, pendence to the Philippmes would be to hand the islands over to disorder upon being deposited in the United States treasury in the City of Manila, be and to anarchy, to destruction and to chaos. come a trust for the b anefl.t of the widows and orphans of insurgent soldiers killed in ba t tle or who may have died from disease contract-ed in the service Either" to make of the Philippines a colony of the United States since the 4th day of February, 1899, and for the assistance of the disabled or to grant them independence ''-this Federal party places both soldiers of such army. The said trust fund shall be distributed by a commit tee of Filipinos to be afpointed by the United States military governor upon these propositions upon the same footing-" would be to hand the the recommendation o General Aguina.ldo or such other high authority as islands over to disorder and to anarchy, to destruction and to may oo sati!lfe.ctory to all concerned. chaos." As I understand it, it is as a colony the Filipinos are to be The committoo thus anp::>inted to hold its meetings and perform its func tions under the advice s.nd control of the military governor, the action of the held. Let the party declare that such is its purpose; let its course committee in all particulars to be subject to the approval of the military be snch as to convince the Filipinos that that is the pm·pose of governor. In consideration of the deposit of the funds as described above, the Administration, then, in the opinion of three members of the the commanding general of the United States forces and military f;Overnor will release all claim to the possession and enjoyment of such funds m behalf United States Philippine Commission, 'it " would be to hand the of the United St:!tes, and further agrees to turn over to the committee above islands over to disorder and to anarchy, to destruction and to described, for the same purpose, the money which the Army of the U'nited chaos.'' States has captured from the insurgent forces, provided that the amount so In effect the colonial system- turned over by the military: governor shall not in any event exceed the amount captured by the Uruted States forces during the period of hostilities. The party says- ARTHUR MAcARTHUR, involves the principle!'~ of difference of citizenship, inequality of rights, and Majo·r-General, United States Voluntee1·s, other consequent a. buses and injustices, of all of which we Filipinos were sur Military Governe:r in the Philippines. feited under the Spanish Government, and for this reason we rejected every thing which tends toward a colony. Mr. HOAR. Let it be printed also as a document. Will the Senators upon the other side take warning by this no The PRESIDENT pro tempore. The Senator from Massachu tice? The chief mainstay upon which the peace party has rested setts asks that the papers be also printed as a document. Is there in the Philippines is this Federal party, and this Federal party objection? The Chair hears none. has told the Filipino people that there will be no colonial system, Mr. LODGE. I will state to the Senator from Georgia that but that they will be the inhabitants of an independent State in the signed memorials are at the War Department. I will ask to the Federal Union. have them sent down. They fill a large packing case. Philippine independence, with or without a protectorate, means the hold Mr. BACON. I do not wish to be misunderstood. Under the ing of power by all the terrible elements of the sects which predominate, and motion which was made, if there were a large number of names, would predom.ma.te still for some years, until the anger of Filipinos toward it might unduly encumber the RECORD. That was the only ob Filipinos shall have been completely calmed, education become more general, ject I had in view. and the fanaticism we have inherited from Spain exiled. Mr. PATTERSON. Mr. President, I think it but right that The same thing they say by inference, if they shall be held as a the significance of this communication should be especially called colony or if the principles of colonialism shall govern the relations to the attention of the Senate. It is a communication from the between the Philippine Islands and the United States. Federation or annexation would settle all these difficulties by concentrat Federal party of the Philippine Islands, named "A message to ing the interest of the Philippine people upon education and labor, the most the Congress of the United States of America accorded in extra efficient means for bringing about a prompt uplifting. ordinary assembly, November, 1901 , at Manila." The Federal party can assure the Congress that the foregoin~ is the true opinion of the best elements and greater part of the Filipinos, as lS evidenced It may be regarded as the utterances of three members of the by the annexed report of the Federal party, which was made by direction of United States Philippine Commission. It is recognized, and has General MacArthur and which has all the character of an offimal document. been stated by General 'l'aft, that this Federal party has been In behalf, then, of the Federal party, this convention has the honor to very r espectfully present to the Congress the following petition, praying a.- the chief mainstay of his Commission in securing peace, so far as Declaration by the Congress of the United States to the effect that Philip peace exists, in the Philippine Islands, where the Army has done pine Islands as they are described in the treaty of Paris and subsequent its work and surrendered the islands or a portion of the islands conventions with Spain are an inte~ral part of the Republic of the United States of North America, the said Philippine Islands constituting a Territory to the control of the civil authorities. with the rights and privileges which the Constitution of the United States The statement made by the Federal party is a part of, or at least grants to the other Territories, such as that of becoming eventually a State is printed in connection with, the report of the Philippine Com of the Union. mission to the Secretary of War. It is signed by three members I say to the Senators upon the other side, there is the alterna of the Philippine Commission. Being the mainstay of the peace tive, a Territory under the Constitution, with all the rights that party in the Philippine Islands, being the chief instrument in the citizens of the existing Territories now enjoy under the Con securing consent on the part of the Filipinos to American rule, stitution, eventually to become a State, or else the islands once it is of the utmost importance to understand what the Federal more to revert to anarchy, to give life to the war party, to neces party declares, what its platform is, and what it holds out to the sitate the enlisting of more soldiers and the sending of greater Filipino people. armies over to the islands for their ultimate and complete subju T" the members of the Federal party the position of an inde- gation, if that is possible. 1658 CONGRESSIONAL REOORD-HOUSE. FEBRUARY 12, This country should be frank with the Filipinos. They should Dinsmore, Kitchin, Cla.ude Moody, Mass. Shackleford, Dougherty, Kitchin, Wm. W. Moody, Oreg. Sha.frothd, know whether they are intended for statehood, whether they al"e Douglas, Kleberg, Moon, to receive a Territorial form of government under the protection Edwards, Lanham, Naphends, ~~par of the Constitution, or whether they are to resort to the last avenue Elliott, Lassiter, Newlan Slayden, Foely, Latimer, Otey, Small, that is open to those who aspire for liberty and love independence. FleminTh Lessler, Overstreet, Smith, Ky. EXECUTIVE SESSION. Foster, . L~ster, Pa.dge.tt, Snodgrass, Fox, Lever, Patterson, Tenn. ~kma.n, Mr. LODGE. UnleEs some Eenator desires to go on at this Gaines, Tenn. Lewis, Ga. Payne, le, time, I move that the Senate now proceed to the consideration of Gilbert, Lewis, Pa. Pierce, Ste&_hens, TeL executive business. Gillett, Mas$.. Little, Pou. Su erland, Goldfogle, Livmrn. Powers, Me. Talbert, The motion was agreed to; :md the Senate proceeded to the con Goochth. L1oy, ~ndell, Tex. Ta.te, sideration of executive business. After five minutes spent in ex Griffi. Lona: Ransdell, La. Thompson, He.nbury, Lou Reid, Tongue, ecutive session the doors we:·e reopened, and (at 5 o'clock and 5 Hedge, Loudenslager, Rhea., Ky. Underwood, mil:ute3 p.m.) the Senate adjourned until to-morrow, Thursday, He1lry, Miss. Lovering, Richardson, Ala.. Wachter, Felruary 13, 1902, at 12 o'clock meridian. Henry, Tex. .McAndrews, Richardson, Tenn. Wadsworth, Hookerd. MeOla~ Ri.xey, Wanger, Howar McCulloch, Robb,l Warner, H~hes , McLain, Robertso~ La.. Weeks, CONFffiMATION. Jac, McRae, Robinson, nd. Wheeler, Executive nomination confirmed by the Senate February 12, 1902. J e.okson, Kans. .Mu.ddox.. Rucker, White, Johnso~ Martin., Ruppel't, Wiley, "POSTMASTER. Jones, ash. M~al'd, Ryan, Wi.llia.ms, Miss. Mia ·ey, Scarborough, Wilson, William B. Mollhenny, to be postmaster at Gettysburg, in the ita)m, Miers, Ind. Schirm, Wooten, county of-Adams and State of Pennsylvania. Kehoe, Mondell, Selby, Zenor. NAYS-126. Acheson, Driscoll, Ketcham, Robinson, Nebr. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Ale:mnder, Eddy, Knapp, Rumple, .Aplin, Emerson, Lacey, :Russell, WEDNESDAY, February 12, 1902. Babcock, Evans, Lamb, Salmon, :&11, Dal .Fletcher, Lawrence, Shermn.n, The House met at 12 o'clock m. Barney, Foorderer, Lind•::ay•. Showalt-er, " llites, Fordney, Littlefield, Sibley, ~"RY The following prayer was offered by the Chaplai.."l, Rev. Blsho~, Fozter, 'Vt. McCall, Skiles, N. COUDEN, D. D.: Black urn, Gardner, Mich. lUcOleary, Smith, ill...... Almighty and most merciful God, whose ways are past finding Bhk ney, G2rdn.er, N.J. :McDermott, Smith, S. W. Bristow, Gibson, "McLachlan, Snook, out, yet who reignest supreme, we are carried back in thought Gillet, N.Y. Mahon, Sperry, .., to-day to those years of civil strife when the landxan red with ~~g~ow Gm·don, Mr.rshall, Stark, blood, and we are reminded of that strong, rugged, patient, ten Burke, S. Do.k. Green, Pa. Metcalf, Stevens, Minn. Burl'ligh, Greene, Mass. Miller, Stewart, N.J. der-hearted, loving man whom Thou raised up and brought in an Butlor, Pa.. Grow Minor, Stewart, N.Y. opportune moment out of obscurity to be the nation's savior. We c~ldwell, Hall,' Moody, N.C. Sulloway, thank Thee for his life, for~ deeds, and above all for his great Cannon, Hamilton, Morgan, Tawney, C:::.ssel, Haskins, Morrell, Thayer, sterling character. We thank Thee that that strife is over; that Cassingham, Morris, Thoma-s, Iowa if there was malice it is gone, if there was animosity it is buried, Conner, He:1.Ha~l'(}~ zyo e, Mudd, Tirrell, if there was hatred it has passed away; that we stand a united Coombs Henry, Conn. Mutchler, Tom~kins, Ohio. Cooper, 'wis. Hfldburn, Needham, Van oorhis, nation, with all our longings, hopes, and aspirations centered in Currie!', H " debr:mt, Nevin, Vreeland, one country, one flag, one God and Father of us all. Help us so Curtis, Bitt-, Olmsted, WaLdock, IIIII to live that we shall be missed by om fellow-men when we are DP.hle, Howell, Otjen, Watson, D!lrra.gh, Hull, FP.rker, Williams, ill. gone, for Thine is the kingdom and the power and the glory for DavidSon, Jackson, Md. Pa.tta...rson, Pa.. Woods ever. Amen. Deemer, Jenkins, Pea.rre, Wright, The Journal of yesterday's proceedings was read and approved. Dick, Jett, Perkins, Young. Do>&ler, Jones, Va. Prince OLEOMARGARINE BILL. Draper, X ern, Ray,N. Y. The SPEAKER. The question as affecting the bill H. R. 9266, ANSWERED "PRESENT'L9. the oleomargarine bill, now is on the amendment offered by the Bartlett, Ha.y, Norton, TayloriA.h. Cochran Mann, Powers, Mass. Trrmb e. gentleman from Kentucky [Mr. ALLEN] on the subject of the Fitzgerald, renovation of butter. The previous question has been ordered NOT VOTING----00. and the yeas and nays ordered on this amendment. All~ Me. Dayton, Kluttz, Shattuc, ' Mr. SHAFROTH. Mr. Speaker, may we have the amendment Ba • ead, Esch, Knox, Shelden, Beidler, Finl~, Kyle, Smith, Iowa read? There are so many that do not lmow what the amendment Belmont, Floo , Landis, Smith, H. C. is. I ask for the reading of the amendment. Bingham, Foss, Littn.uer, Smith, W m. Alden The SPEAKER. Without objection, the amendment will again Boreing, Fowler, 'Mahony, Southardk Bowarsock, Gaines, W. Va. Mercer Southwic , be reported. Breazeale, Gill, Meyer, 'La. Spight, Mr. SLAYDEN. Mr. Speaker, let us have order while it is Brick, Glenn, Neville, Storm, .being read. Broussard, Graf!, Palmer, Sulzer, Bull, Graham, Polk Swanson The SPEAKER. The Honse will be in order. Burkett, Griggs, Pugsley, Tayler, Ohio The amendment was read, as follows: Capron, Grosvenor, Reeder, Thomas, N. C. S:EC. 4:. That the Secretary of Agriculture is hereby authorized a.nd re Corliss, Hemenway, ~eeves, TomJikins, N. Y. quired to cause a rigid sanitary inspection to be made from time to time, and Cousins, Hill, Rhea, Va. Van ·:ver. at such times as he may deem necessary, of all factories and storehouses Cromer, Holliday, Roberts, where butter is renovated; and all butter renovated at such pL'I.ces shall be Crowley, Hopkins, Scott, carefully inspected in the same manner and to the same extent and purpose Cushman, Irwin, Sh.1.llenbergar, that meat products are now inspected. The quantity and quality of butter x·enova.ted shall be reported monthly. All renovatea but ter shall be desig The following pairs were announced: nated as such by marks, brands, and labels, and the words "Renovated but Until further notice: ter" shall be printed on all packages thereof in such manner as may be pre Mr. HENRY C. SMITH with Mr. TAYLOR of Alabama. scribed by the Secretary of Agriculture, :md shall be sold only as renovated butter. A:ny person violating the provisions of this section shall, on convic On this vote: tion thereof, be deemed gnilty of a misdemeanor, and shall be fined not loss Mr. BURKETT with Mr. RHE-A of Virginia. than S5Q nor more than $500, and imprisoned not less than one month n0r Mr. GILL with Mr. SH.A.LLF..NBERGER. more than six months. The Secretary of Agriculture shall make all needful sanitary and other Mr. FoWLER with Mr. VANDIVER. rules and regulations for carrying this section into effect; and no renovated For this day: ' butter shall be shipped or transported from one State to another, or to for Mr. LlTTAUER with Mr. PoLK. eign countries, unless inspected as provided in this section. Mr. CROMER with Mr. NEVILLE. The question was t.aken; and there were-yeas 152, nays 126, Mr. REEDER with Mr. FLOOD. answering "present" 9, not voting 69; as follows: Mr. BEIDLER with Mr. HAY. YEAS-152. Until the 14th: Adams, Bowie, ButlerhMo. Cow!lerd, Mr. MERCER with Mr. SWAifSON. .Adam...c:on, Brantley Calder ead, Creamer, Mr. SOUTHARD with Mr. NORTON. Allen, Ky. Bromwell, Candler, Crumpacker, On this bill: / Ball, Tex. Brundidge, Clark, Cummings, Ba.rtholdt, Burgess, Clayton, Dalzell, Mr. REEVES with Mr. BANKHEAD. Bell, Burk,Pa. Connell, Davey~,.,.La. Mr. BINGHAM with Mr. FINLEY. Bellamy, Burleson, Conry, Davis, .l!'la, 1\fr. EsCH with Mr. CAPRON. Benton, Burnett, Cooney, DeArmond, Boutell, Burton, Cooper, Tex. De Gra.ffenreid, Mr. TOMPKINS of New York with Mr. FITZr.tERALD.