Die Beziehungen Der Volksrepublik China Zu Multilateralen Gruppierungen Im Asiatisch- Pazifischen Raum, 1989-1999*

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Die Beziehungen Der Volksrepublik China Zu Multilateralen Gruppierungen Im Asiatisch- Pazifischen Raum, 1989-1999* Die Beziehungen der Volksrepublik China zu multilateralen Gruppierungen im asiatisch- pazifischen Raum, 1989-1999* Dr. Dirk Schmidt _______________________________________________________________________ * zugleich Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades eines Doktors der Wirtschaftswissenschaft an der Universität des Saarlandes, Saarbrücken 2001 I Inhaltsverzeichnis Einleitung............................................................................................................................................................... 1 1. Kapitel Systematische Grundlegung ............................................................................................................. 17 1.1 Definitionen................................................................................................................................................ 19 1.2. Untersuchungsgegenstände und Fragestellungen der Kooperations-, Institutionen- und Regimeforschung............................................................................................................................................. 26 1.2.1. Problemkreis 1: Die Herbeiführung von Kooperation ........................................................................ 27 1.2.2. Problemkreis 2: Der Wert internationaler Institutionen beziehungsweise Regime ............................. 30 1.2.3. Problemkreis 3: Der Einfluß internationaler Regime.......................................................................... 32 1.2.4. Weitere Einzelfragen der Regimeforschung ....................................................................................... 33 1.3. Die Forschung zum „neuen Regionalismus“ im asiatisch-pazifischen Raum..................................... 34 1.4. Forschungsbeiträge zum außenpolitischen Verhalten der VRCh........................................................ 39 1.5 Das chinesische Weltbild .......................................................................................................................... 42 1.6. Zusammenfassung.................................................................................................................................... 46 2. Kapitel Themenblock Wirtschaft ................................................................................................................. 48 2.1. Vorbemerkungen ..................................................................................................................................... 48 2.1.1. Die wirtschaftliche Lage der VRCh .................................................................................................... 48 2.1.2. Außenwirtschaftsstrategie und außenwirtschaftliche Verflechtung der VRCh................................... 53 2.1.3. Die Erfahrungen der VRCh mit wirtschaftlichen multilateralen Institutionen.................................... 58 2.1.4. Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung und wirtschaftliche Situation im asiatisch-pazifischen Raum .............. 63 2.2. Überblick über die APEC........................................................................................................................ 69 2.2.1. Entstehung, Entwicklung und Strukturen............................................................................................ 69 2.2.2. APEC-Grundsätze............................................................................................................................... 72 2.2.3. Programmatische Zielsetzungen und Maßnahmen zu ihrer Umsetzung ............................................. 76 2.2.4. Interessenkonstellationen und Konflikte ............................................................................................. 80 2.2.5. Bewertung der APEC.......................................................................................................................... 83 2.2.6. Zusammenfassung............................................................................................................................... 85 2.3. Die VRCh und die APEC: Grundzüge von Wahrnehmung und Darstellung..................................... 86 2.3.1. Die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung und die wirtschaftliche Situation des asiatisch-pazifischen Raums aus der Sicht der VRCh................................................................................................................................. 86 2.3.2. Die Rolle der VRCh in der APEC und die anderer Mitgliedsstaaten.................................................. 89 2.3.3 Die Bewertung der APEC aus der Sicht der VRCh.............................................................................. 93 2.4. Die VRCh und die APEC-Grundsätze ................................................................................................... 95 2.4.1. Die VRCh und die inhaltlichen Prinzipien der APEC......................................................................... 95 2.4.2. Die VRCh und die strukturellen Prinzipien der APEC ....................................................................... 97 2.4.3. Das „Ein-China-Prinzip“................................................................................................................... 100 2.5. Die VRCh und die programmatischen Zielsetzungen der APEC: Grundlegende Einstellungen und konkrete Maßnahmen................................................................................................................................... 102 2.5.1. Die Liberalisierung beziehungsweise Erleichterung von Handel und Investitionen..................... 102 2.5.2. Die Kooperation in Wirtschaft und Technologie („Ecotech“) .......................................................... 105 2.5.3. Die VRCh und die „Gemeinschafts-Bildung“ innerhalb der APEC.................................................. 109 II 2.5.4. Die VRCh und der Umgang mit der Asienkrise................................................................................ 111 2.6. Die Interessen der VRCh....................................................................................................................... 113 2.6.1. Die wirtschaftlichen Interessen der VRCh........................................................................................ 114 2.6.2. Die politischen Interessen der VRCh ................................................................................................ 117 2.7. Zusammenfassende Bewertung............................................................................................................. 120 3. Kapitel Themenblock Sicherheitspolitik..................................................................................................... 122 3.1. Vorbemerkungen ................................................................................................................................... 122 3.1.1. Grundzüge der chinesischen Sicherheits- und Militärpolitik ............................................................ 122 3.1.2. Die Erfahrungen der VRCh mit multilateraler Sicherheitskooperation............................................. 128 3.1.3. Die sicherheitspolitische Situation des asiatisch-pazifischen Raums................................................ 132 3.1.4. Exkurs: Der Konflikt im Südchinesischen Meer............................................................................... 136 3.2. ASEAN und ARF im Überblick............................................................................................................ 140 3.2.1. Entstehung, Entwicklung und Mitgliedschaft ................................................................................... 140 3.2.2. Strukturen, Prinzipien und programmatische Zielsetzungen von ASEAN und ARF........................ 145 3.2.3. Bewertung von ASEAN und ARF .................................................................................................... 151 3.3. Die VRCh und ASEAN/ARF: Grundzüge von Wahrnehmung und Darstellung............................. 155 3.3.1. Die sicherheitspolitische Situation des asiatisch-pazifischen Raumes aus der Sicht der VRCh ....... 155 3.3.2. Darstellung und Bewertung der ASEAN und der Beziehungen der VRCh zur ASEAN .................. 161 3.3.3. Die Darstellung des ARF und der Rolle Chinas innerhalb des ARF durch die VRCh...................... 168 3.4. Die Interaktion der VRCh mit ASEAN und ARF............................................................................... 171 3.4.1. Der historische und bilaterale Rahmen der Interaktion..................................................................... 171 3.4.2. Die Strukturen der Interaktion zwischen der VRCh und der ASEAN .............................................. 175 3.4.3. Prinzipien der Interaktion.................................................................................................................. 177 3.4.4. Sicherheitspolitische Themen der Interaktion................................................................................... 181 3.4.5. Die Interessen der VRCh und die der ASEAN-Staaten .................................................................... 185 3.5. Zusammenfassende Bewertung............................................................................................................ 187 Schlußbemerkungen ......................................................................................................................................... 192 Abkürzungsverzeichnis .................................................................................................................................... 204 Anmerkungen...................................................................................................................................................
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