and New and Non-Official Remedies most of the other sugars and appears to be more com¬ pletely utilized by the diabetic organism than the other The following articles have been tentatively acceptez sugars. by the on Pharmacy Chemistry Council and of the Amer¬ It is recommended for the nutrition ican Medical Association for inclusion in the proposée and for sweeten¬ the food and drink of in annual, "New and Non-official Remedies." Their accept¬ ing diabetics, pulmonary tuber¬ ance has been based largely on evidence supplied by the culosis, infantile malnutrition and marasmus. manufacturer or his agent, but to some extent on inves¬ Dosage.—It is given in diabetes in of 30 daily quantities tigation made by or under the direction of the Council, to (¡0 Gin. (1 to 2 ounces) ; in grave forms of the dis¬ Ckiticisms and corrections are asked for to aid in the ease the amount is reduced to from 12 to 24 Gm. (3 to 6 revision of the matter before final acceptance and pub¬ drams) daily. lication in book form. Manufactured by Chemische Fabrik auf Actlen, vorm. E. Scher The Council desires physicians to understand that the ing. Berlin (Schering & Glatz, New York). U. S. trade-mark No acceptance of an article does not necessarily mean a 21,804. RECOMMENDATION, but that so far as known it COMPLIES DIONIN. WITH THE RULES ADOPTED BY THE COUNCIL. ETHYL-MORPHINE HYDROCHLORIDE. W. A. CODETHYLINE PUCKNER, Secretary. HYDROCHLORIDE. (Continued from page 1021.) Dionin, C17H„NO(OH) (OC2HB)HCl + H„0 = CBEOSOTAL. (C]eH,403ClX -f H20,) is the hydrochloride of the ester of CREOSOTE CARBONATE. ethyl morphine. It is prepared by the action of ethyl iodide on morphine in the Creosotal is a mixture of carbonic acid analo¬ presence of alkali, the basic product being purified by crystalliza esters, tlon from hoi alcubol, dissolving the crystals in hydrochloric acid gous to guaiacol carbonate, from creosote. and crystallizing. prepared It is a white, It is a microscopically crystalline powder, odorless and prepared by passing current of carbonyl chloride into only bitter. It is In a solution of creosote in sodium hydroxide, and the slightly soluble about 7 parts of water and purifying oily in 2 parts ol alcohol, insoluble in etber and in chloroform. It product by washing with weak soda solution and with water. melts It Is a completely with decomposition at 125° C. (257° yellowish, thick, honey-like, perfectly clear and trans¬ It gives the usual ¥.). liquid, 92 cent, of it Is odorless reactions for alkaloids: It is distinguished parent containing per creosote, from salts its and has a bland oily taste. It is insoluble In water, but soluble morphine by insolubility in excess of alkali, and in benzene and in by not producing an immediate blue color, but alcohol, ether, chloroform, fixed oils. a gradually develop The addition of a few of ferric solution the ing blue-green coloration, when Its solution is added to dilute drops' chloride to solution solution should cause ferric chloride containing a fragment of potassium ferri alcoholic not any change In color. On cyanide. boiling with potassium hydroxide solution the odor of creosote Is evolved. It Is Incompatible with alkalies and their carbonates and It is incompatible with alkalies. alkaloldal reagents, as potassio-mercurie iodide, tannic acid, boiling picric acid, etc. Actions and as Uses.-—Creosotal has the same action Actions and Uses.—It creosote, but is claimed to be non-toxic and devoid of is claimed that this compound acts like without nau¬ irritant It is recommended as a substitute morphine producing constipation, properties. sea or lassitude. is for creosote for internal exhibition in It the conclusion of some good ob¬ tuberculosis, servers that it no over and as an intestinal possesses advantage codeine. Ap¬ pneumonia, antiseptic. to the it causes a 0.3 to 2.0 Gm. to 30 for plied eye, local vaso-dilation, leading Dosage.—From (5 grains) to acute edema. children, to 1 to 4 Gm. to 60 for adults in conjunctival (15 grains) Dionin is recommended to relieve in milk, coffee, wine, cod-liver oil or emulsion. Externally pain, especially it may be undiluted. respiratory affections, as an antispasmodic in whooping- applied for insomnia and in the treatment of Manufactured by Farbenfabriken, vorm. Friedr. Bayer & Co., cough, externally Elberfeld. Germany (Continental Color & Chemical Co. New York). corneal affections, conjunctivitis, iritis, etc. Fabrik von Ilevden, Radebeul, near Dresden. German patent No. S8.129; U. S. patent No. 501,235; U. S. trademark. Dosage.—0.015 to Ò.06 Gm. (V4 to 1 grain). Ex¬ it is in 10 to 20 cent, solutions. DENTALONE. ternally applied per Manufactured bv B. Merck, Darmstadt. (Merck & Co., Ne» A saturated solution of chloretone (which see) in a liquid York). German patents Nos. 102,654, 107,225, and 108,075. U. S composed of oil of cloves, oil of gaultheria and oil of cassia, trademark. and containing 30 per cent, of chloretone. It is a reddish-brown oily liquid of characteristic odor and taste. BIUEETIN. Actions and Uses.—Dentalone possesses pronounced A name applied to theobromine-sodium salicylate. anesthetic properties and is intended for use by dentists which see. in the treatment of exposed nerves in teeth. Manufactured by Knoll & Co., Ludwigshafen, Germany (E. Merck decayed & Co., New York). Prepared by Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. Ü. S. trademark. DTJOTAL. DERMATOL. A name applied to Guaiacolis Carbonas, TJ. S. P. A name to Bismuthi U. S. P. applied Subgallas, Manufactured by Farbenfabriken, vorm. Friedr. Bayer & Co.. Manufactured by Meister, Lucius & Bruening, Hoechst a. M Elberfeld. Germani· (Continental Oolor * Chemical Co., New York) (Victor Koechl & Co., New York). U. S. patent No. 466,913. TJ. S. trademark. DIABETIN. DIJOTONOL. LEVULOSE. FRUIT SUGAR. FRUCTOSE. A name applied to a mixture of equal parts of calcium tonol and sodium tonol. (See Diahetin is tonols.) a pure, crystallized fructose (lévulose), Actions and Uses and Dosage.—See CH.OH.CHOH.CHOH.CHOH.CO.CH.OH = CeH1200, Glycerophos- absolutely free from dextrose phates. (ordinary glucose). Manufactured by Chemische Fabrik auf Actien. vorm E. Schering, It Is prepared from invert sugar by precipitation as caicium Berlin (Schering & Glatz, New York). TJ. S. trademark. salt, decomposing the precipitate with carlMtnlc acid, and crystal¬ lizing It is a colorless, odorless, slightly hygroscopic, crystal¬ ELIXIR EUPNEIN. line powder, having a sweet taste comparable with that nf ordi¬ cane It Is nary sugar (saccharose). readily soluble in water and COMPOUND ELIXIR OF HEROIN, CREOSOTE AND TERPIN in diluted alcohol, slightly soluble in alcohol, insoluble in absolute alcohol and in ether. HYDRATE, SCHIEFFELIN. Its aqueous solution reduces Fehlirg's solution and rotates the ray of polarized light to the left (—90.2). A preparation said to contain in each dose of 8 Cc. (2 flnidramsi : heroin 0.0026 Gm. (1/24 grain), terpin hydrate 0.13 Actions and Uses.—Lévulose is metabolized in the Gm. (2 grains), creosote 0.3 Gm. (5 grains), in a menstruum other containing 30 per cent, of alcohol with glycerin and aromatic body by agencies than those that act on dextrose essential oils.

Downloaded From: http://jama.jamanetwork.com/ by a Oakland University User on 05/31/2015 Actions and Uses.—From its composition it appears Dosage.—It is used externally only in the form of 5 to be well adapted to use in chronic cough from bron¬ to 20 per cent, ointment, with petrolatum or wool fat chitis, etc. (lanolin) as base, or in the form of oily or alcoholic so¬ Dosage.—4 to 12 Cc. (1 to 3 fluidrams). lutions (10 percent.). Prepared by Schieffelin & Co., New York. U. S. trademark No. Manufactured by Farbenfabriken, vorm. Frtedr. Bayer & Co., 36.419. Elberfeld. Germany (Continental Color & Chemical Co., New York). TJ. S. patent applied for. ELIXIR SAW PALMETTO. EBYTHEOL TETRANITRATE. ELIXIR SABALI, SANTALI, ET ZEJE MAIDIS. EIÎYTIIROL NITRATE. TETÜANITROL, A preparation said to represent In each 30 Cc. (tlitidounce) : Saw palmetto benies 8 Gm. (120 grains): sandalwood 2 Gm. is f30 grains; ; and cornsilk S Gm. (12u grains). Erythrol tetranitrate, CJI„(N03)4=C4IIe012N4, It is stated to contain 30.7 per cent, of alcohol. the tetranitrate of erythrite or butane-tetrol, C4Il6(OH)4. and It is obtained by the nitration of the tetratomic alcohol erv-- Actions Uses.—The constituents of this prepara¬ thiite. tion are credited with diuretic properties and believed It forms colorless crystalline scales. Insoluble In cold water, be tract and to exert a readily soluble in alcohul. melting at (¡Io C. (141.8° F.). On to sedative to the genitourinary percussion it explodes much tike nitroglycerin. curative action on the inflamed mucous membrane, espe¬ Actions and Uses.—-It is a vasodilator and in chronic cases. antispas- cially modic, like Its action is slower and more to lü Cc. to 4 three times nitroglycerin. Dosage—4 (1 fluidrams) lasting; it begins in 15 minutes and persists for three or a day. four hours. Prepared by Parke, Davis & Co., Detroit, Mich. It is recommended in angina pectoris and cardiac dis¬ EMPYROFORM. eases. It is reported as especially useful as a prophylac¬ tic in preventing anginal pain. Empyroform is a condensation product of birch tar Dosage.—Because of its explosiveness it is marketed and formaldehyde. in the form of tablets, each 0.03 Gm. the hlrch tar is boiled with containing (% According to patent specifications or formaldehyde solution and the hot liquid poured into hydrochloric grain). One two tablets every four to six hours. acid. When cold, the solid niass is collected and washed until Manufactured by E. Merck, Darmstadt (Merck & Co., New York). free from acid. German patent >-o. 81.664. It is a grayish-brown, almost odor'ess powder, insoluble in water, but readily soluble in solution» of caustic alkalies, in ace¬ tone, and in chloroform. ETHYLENEDIAMINE. AETHYLENDIAMIN. ETHANE Actions and Uses.—Empyroform is an antipruritic, AETIIYLENE DIAMINE. sedative and desiccant. It is said to be superior to tar DIAMINE. , -DIAMINO-ETHANE. and free from irritant or toxic effects. Ethylenediamine, C2H4(NII2)2, is a substitution It is claimed to be useful in all stages of eczema, compound of ethylene and ammonia. psoriasis, lichen, urticaria, prurigo, pityriasis, etc. It is prepared by heatlug ethylene bromide with an excess of alcoholic amujonia for 12 hours at 100° C. (212° is as a F.). removing Dosage.—It applied 5 to 10 per cent, ointment, the ammonium bromide formed, by nitration, evaporating the 10 to 20 cent, zinc 10 to 20 cent, titrate u> drynesB, distilling the residue with potassium hy¬ per paste, per tincture, droxide, and collecting the fraction distilling between 115° and and 37.5 per cent, suspension. 13(1° C. 123!)° to 266° F.) and bring ng the liquid by successive purification? to a constant boiling at 117° C. (242.6° F.). Manufactured by Chemische Fabrik auf vorm. point Actlen, F. Scher¬ It is a thick a ing, Beilin (Schering & Glatz. New York). U. S. patent No. clear, coloriées, Hijuid, having sp. gr. 0.97, 761,260. U. S. trademark No. 43,419. boiling at 117° C. (242.0° I·'.), without decomposition, having a strong alkaMne reaction, an ammoniacal odor and a caustic taste.' It is freely soluble In water, and may be mixed with cresols, but EPICARIN. is not miscible with benzene (benzol) or ether. It dissolves albumin vei-y readuy, even when boiled. OXYNAPHTHYL-OIìTIIO-OXYTOLUIC ACID. Being a strong base its incompatibilities are about the same as those of sodium hydroxide. Epicarin, C6II,(0II) (COOH) (CII,C1UH00H)2:3:1 Actions and Uses.—It is said to be non-corrosive. It = CJ8H1404, is /3-naphthol-hydroxy-toluic acid. is recommended as an albumin solvent for the solution It Is obtained by the action of chlormethvl-sallcylic acid on a of false membranes in and similar affections solution of ft-naphthol. in glacial acetic acid, thus: diphtheria C,H,(OI-I)(COOIl)(CllaCl) -r-C,„II7OII = of the mucous membranes. It is recommended for use ceii.Hi()ii)(Cooii)(cn2c1„neon)-fiici in the form of kresamine It forms colorless or yellowish needles, melting at Dili" to (which see). 195° C (380° to 38'.)° F.). difficultly soluble in water, but easily Manufactured by Chemis-he Fabrik auf Actien, vorm. E. Seher¬ soluble in alcohol, ether, acetone, and In soaps. It dissolves in ing, Berlin (Schering & Glatz, New York). oils on the addition of a little ether. It has the character of a strong acid, forming well crystallized salts, which, however, are EUCAINE. sparingly soluble In water, particularly the sodium salt. On ex¬ posure to air It acquires a reddish color due to oxidation : If it is The "Eucaines" are two allied then recrystallized from glacial acetic acid, colorless crystals are closely synthetic bases, again obtained which melt at ICI!" C. (338° F.). These, how¬ which were originally differentiated as eucaine "A" and ever, retain a little acetic acid, but lose this by heating at 120° C. (248° F.). eucaine "B," but are now designated as "Alpha-eucaine" The alcoholic solution of epicarin produces an intense blr.e and "Beta-eucaine" color with chloride. When heated with sul¬ respectively, alpha-eucaine being ferric concentrated a derivative of while beta- phuric acid, a red-brown solution, having a vivid green fluor¬ synthetic triacetonainine, escence, is produced. If shaken with chloroform and solution of eucaine is a synthetic derivative of potassium hydroxide, a yellowish color, changing later to yel¬ vinyl-diacetonekal- lowish green is developed, thus distinguishing epicarin from mine. Both of these bases are supplied as hydrochlorides &-nanhfhol, which produces a deep blue color under the same are as conditions. and recommended substitutes for cocaine, over Being a strong acid it is Incompatible with alkaline hydroxides which they are claimed to have certain advantages. or those of sodium with which it forms carbonates, especially are described under an almost insoluble salt. It should not be exposed to the air, They alpha-eucaine hydrochloride which colors It red. and beta-eucaine hydrochloride. Actions and Uses.—Epicarin is a non-poisonous anti¬ EUCALOTDS. Administered is septic and parasiticide. internally, it A name applied to gelatine capsules, each containing 0.3 C«. excreted mostly undecomposed. It has been found use¬ (5 minims) of pure oil of eucalyptus. ful in the treatment of skin diseases, particularly sca¬ Dosage.—1 to 2 globules three or four times a day. bies, tinea tonsurane, prurigo and certain forms of Prepared by Edward G. P.lnz, Los Angeles, Cal. eczema. (To be continued.)

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