Talking to the Other: Jewish Interfaith Dialogue with Christians and Muslims

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Talking to the Other: Jewish Interfaith Dialogue with Christians and Muslims Talking to the Other Jacob said to Esau: I have seen your face as if seeing the face of God and you have received me favourably. (Genesis 33:10) Talking to the Other Jewish Interfaith Dialogue with Christians and Muslims Jonathan Magonet The publication of this book was made possible through a subsidy from the Stone Ashdown Trust Published in 2003 by I.B.Tauris & Co Ltd 6 Salem Road, London W2 4BU 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010 www.ibtauris.com In the United States and Canada distributed by Palgrave Macmillan a division of St. Martin’s Press 175 Fifth Avenue, New York NY 10010 Copyright © Jonathan Magonet, 2003 The right of Jonathan Magonet to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. Except for brief quotations in a review, this book, or any part thereof, may not be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN 1 86064 905 X A full CIP record for this book is available from the British Library Typeset in Caslon by Dexter Haven Associates, London Printed and bound in Great Britain by MPG Books, Bodmin Contents Foreword, by Prince Hassan bin Tallal vii Preface xiii 1 Interfaith Dialogue – A Personal Introduction 1 From Theory to Practice 2 The Challenge to Judaism of Interfaith Dialogue 11 3 Chances and Limits of Multicultural Society 23 4 Reflections on the Jewish Immigrant Experience 34 5Controversy for the Sake of Heaven 48 6 Between Controversy and Conflict 62 7 The Ten Commandments and the Quest for Universal Values 73 8Risk-taking in Religious Dialogue 90 9Teaching the Teachers 107 Addressing Christians 10 Jewish Perceptions of Jesus 122 11 When I See What Christians Make of the ‘Hebrew’ Bible 134 Addressing Muslims 12 Jewish Perceptions of Muhammad 147 13 The Challenges Facing the Muslim Community 161 Addressing Jews 14 Towards a Jewish–Muslim Dialogue 169 Interfaith Dialogue and the Middle East: A Documentation 15 Haman’s New Victims 179 16 An Evening of Mourning for the Victims of the Massacre at the Hebron Mosque 183 17 Prayers for Peace in the Middle East 188 18 From a Narrow Place: A New Year Sermon 192 19 The Journey to Dialogue 199 Afterword, by Karen Armstrong 204 Appendix I: What is JCM? 208 Appendix II: A Prayer for Interfaith Meetings 214 Notes on the Text 215 References 221 Index 223 Foreword by Prince Hassan bin Tallal Do you not see that God sends down water from the sky, by which We bring forth fruits of different colours? – and in the mountains, too, there are white and red tracks of different shades, as well as black? And of human beings, beasts and cattle, there are also various colours. Holy Qur’an (35:27–8) In 1965, Abraham Heschel – the great rabbi, spiritual teacher and professor at the Jewish Theological Seminary in New York – asked the question: on what basis do people of different religious commitments meet each other? He immediately answered himself by speaking of the identical traits that humans share: a voice, a face, fear, hope, the capacity to trust. But then the rabbi answered his question again by speaking of the differences through which religion is revealed: ‘Revelation is always an accommodation to the capacity of man. No two minds are alike, just as no two faces are alike. The voice of God reaches the spirit of man in a variety of ways, in a multiplicity of languages. One truth comes to expression in many ways of understanding.’ It is more than three decades now since I had the pleasure of first discussing ideas about interfaith dialogue with Professor Rabbi Magonet, the author of this book. We agreed then, as now, on the importance of mutual understanding between adherents of the sibling faiths of Judaism, Christianity and Islam. At that time, merely for such conversations to take place anywhere in the world was unusual and – to some – even shocking, in a way which can hardly be imagined today. Rabbi Magonet undertook a project for interfaith dialogue which developed into the well-known meetings at Bendorf, now part of a Standing Conference of Jews, Christians and Muslims in Europe. Meanwhile I promoted interfaith dialogue between Jews, Christians and Muslims in a series of encounters in Windsor and Amman. At our early meetings, we could not imagine what phases of fear and acceptance we would pass through over the course of 25 years to produce a single page vii viii — TALKING TO THE OTHER of principles for Abrahamic dialogue: begin with commonality; emphasise the association between theology and practicality; recognise the political and economic dimensions of interfaith dialogue; take into account the Enlightenment tradition; embrace the principle of no coercion; uphold the right to proclaim one’s own religion; reconsider the content of education; ensure a free flow of information; be courageous in looking afresh at, first, our own, and, secondly, each other’s texts, heritage and history; accept responsibility for words and actions at all levels; develop a civilised frame- work for disagreement. Professor Rabbi Magonet has taken a parallel approach with the essays below: his introduction voices a personal and humane urge to strengthen our commonalities, followed by an opening section dealing with the question of how to put theory into practice. Specific perceptions of each other’s characteristics by members of the three monotheistic faiths precede a documentation of interfaith in the Middle Eastern context – where the political and economic dimensions, philosophical traditions and issues of coercion, rights, education, freedom, courage, responsibility and the capacity to disagree peacefully are certainly extremely relevant. The great religions together recognise today that, if globalisation is to succeed and civilisation benefit all people, shared human imperatives must outweigh economic and political expediencies. The question is how to evoke or instill the common values in the broader community. As a race, we seem to suffer a lack of political and economic will at the same time as thinking that all solutions must be political and economic. Politics and economics provide means for material security, but people cannot live with each other without some security of identity, a sense of dignity and respect for others which is the ‘soft security’ of self; such security is not innate but learned and experienced. According to Islam, many values can be invoked in encouraging active altruism: ukhowwah – brotherhood promoting the bonds of human frat- ernity, adl – enforcing a system of individual and social obligations, and ihsan – beneficence, which supplements ukhowwah and adl with charitable acts. There are also the more institutionalised systems of waqf and zakat, which pool financial donations for disbursement to the poor and for the common good. FOREWORD — ix In the chapter entitled ‘The Challenges Facing the Muslim Community’, Professor Magonet outlines a number of similarities and differences between Jewish and Muslim historical experiences and religious thought. As he comments, ‘We share the conviction that love, compassion, friendship, mercy and pity for a suffering world are at the heart of everything our two faiths stand for, despite the ways in which both of our traditions have been slandered over the centuries as lacking in such values’. Jewish and Muslim thinkers today continue to emphasise the possibility – or, indeed, inevitability – of peaceful co-existence. As the Jewish scholar Professor Shimon Shamir recently commented during a documentation of such thinking, ‘In the life of a movement, sometimes trend is more important than volume…Paradoxically, interest in theories and methods of mutual acceptance grows precisely when extremism looms large.’ Parallels between the Holy Qur’an, the Torah and the Old and New Testaments indicate that an ethic of human solidarity, a sense of respon- sibility and an impulse towards altruism are supposed to accompany the material charity which is a common theme in our three faiths. If everybody who professed monotheism obeyed the Ten Commandments, universal values would be well within reach. Spiritual altruism – the reaching out to acknowledge, understand and respect each other’s dignity and humanity – is the necessary counterpart if altruism is not to degenerate into mere patronage. The spirit of this altruistic love is perhaps not described so well by ‘charity’ in its modern sense as by the Latin biblical term caritas. It is powerfully illustrated in a number of places in the New Testament. One might recall Jesus’s words to the crowd who would stone the adultress, ‘Let him who is without sin among you cast the first stone’ ( John 8:3–9); and the famous parable of the Good Samaritan, who set aside the ideo- logical divide between himself and the victim of a robbery in order to help him (Luke 10:25–37). When we neglect the spirit of human solidarity in our faiths, we abandon the middle ground – which is our shared heritage and should be our most sacred space – to be occupied by hatred, division, exclusion, political infighting and isolationism. Well might Rabbi Tony Bayfield bitterly have lamented the neglect of that common ground, which he described as ‘the failure of Jewish, Christian and Muslim leaders alike to denounce x — TALKING TO THE OTHER fundamentalism and to stand together in affirmation of shared values, in particular values relating to the sanctity of life and the central role of religion to challenge power, not to seize it for coercive purposes’. As Professor Magonet himself knows well, and as he discusses in the chapter titled ‘Risk-taking in Religious Dialogue’, the desire to find common ground and common solutions between faiths means taking risks and crossing boundaries.
Recommended publications
  • Jewish Non-Governmental Organizations
    Georgia State University ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University English Faculty Publications Department of English 2011 Jewish Non-governmental Organizations Michael Galchinsky Georgia State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.gsu.edu/english_facpub Part of the English Language and Literature Commons, Human Rights Law Commons, and the Jewish Studies Commons Recommended Citation Galchinsky, M. (2011). Jewish Non-governmental Organizations. In Thomas Cushman (Ed.), Routledge Handbook of Human Rights (pp. 560-569). New York: Routledge. This Book Chapter is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of English at ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. It has been accepted for inclusion in English Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks @ Georgia State University. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 Michael Galchinsky Jewish Non-governmental Organizations Human rights history and Jewish history have been inextricably intertwined. The history of Jews’ persecution as an ethnic and religious minority, especially the Nazis’ systematic deprivation of Jews’ rights, became a standard reference for postwar activists after 1945 who argued for a global system limiting states’ power over their citizens. Many Jewish activists saw a commitment to international human rights as the natural outgrowth of traditional Jewish values. Jews could be especially active in advocating for universal rights protections not only because their suffering conferred moral standing on their cause but also because they could plumb a rich religious and philosophical tradition to find support for a cosmopolitan worldview and because they nurtured generations of experienced organizers. Jews did not always seek, find, or emphasize the universalism in their tradition.
    [Show full text]
  • Administrative Papers
    MS 316 1 A1077 Papers of Leo Baeck College Section A: Administrative papers General 84/4 Committee lists: lists of members of Leo Baeck College 1981-8 committees 78/2 Ten year plan: including a strategy document, a little 1992 correspondence and memos Administration Group 108/2 Administrative meetings: correspondence, papers for the 1980-95 Association of Jewish Communal Professionals (AJPC) conference 1993, and minutes of the administration group 108/4 Administration and personnel: includes job applications, 1987-95 correspondence and minutes Leo Baeck College Company: 1—Constitution, Articles of Association and lists of members 32/1 Constitution: includes Articles of Association for the College, and 1958-73 correspondence and other items about incorporation of the Leo Baeck College Ltd. 32/2 Constitution: [Litman] Constitutional Committee of the Council of 1969-73 Leo Baeck College. 32/3 Constitution: revisions 1976-80 46/4 Leo Baeck College corporate plan 1984-5 41/9 Leo Baeck College: draft of `Towards a Corporate Plan' 1984-5 231/13 Leo Baeck College Company: includes a copy of the Articles of 1985-7 Association, a list of the members of the company, and correspondence 70/2 Leo Baeck College Company: papers relating to the company, 1991-2 including lists of members, biographical details of those standing for council, and correspondence 109/1 Company membership and covenants forms 1991 106/3 Company members: includes lists of members and correspondence 1992-5 Leo Baeck College Company: 2—Company Registration 8/2 Register for Leo Baeck
    [Show full text]
  • Promoting Widespread Awareness of Religious Rights Through Print and Online Media in Near Eastern, South Asian and East Asian C
    Promoting Widespread Awareness of Religious Rights through Print and Online Media in Near Eastern, South Asian and East Asian Countries – Appendix A: Articles and Reprint Information Below is a comprehensive list of articles produced under this grant, their authors and dates of their distribution, as well as links to the full articles online and the news outlets that distributed them. 1. “The power of face-to-face encounters between Israelis and Palestinians” (July 5, 2011) by Yonatan Gur. Reprints: 18 In English In French Today's Zaman (Turkey) Pretty Zoelly‟s Blog (blog) (France) Inter Religious Encounter Information Consultancy Human Dignity and Humiliation Studies (US) In Indonesian The Global Human, (blog) (US) Mulyanis (blog) (Indonesia) Facebook (Adam Waddell) (Israel) Peace Please (US) In Urdu The) Jewish Reporter (US) Al Qamar (Islamabad) (Pakistan) The Daily News Egypt (Egypt) Masress.com (Egypt) Bali Times (Indonesia) The Positive Universe (US) Fuse.tv (US) Facebook (T-Cells (Transformative Cells)) (US) Facebook (United Religions Initiative) (US) Occupation Magazine 2. “In Lebanon, dialogue as a solution” (June 28, 2011) by Hani Fahs. Reprints: 17 In English In Arabic Canadian Lebanese Human Rights Federation Al Wasat News (Bahrain) Religie(Canada) 24 (Netherlands) Hitteen News (Jordan) Taif News (Saudi Arabia) Gulf Daily News (Bahrain) Middle East Online (UK) Schema-root.org (US) In French Kentucky Country Day School (KCD) (US) Al Balad (Lebanon) Peace Please (US) Facebook (Journal of Inter-Religious Dialogue) In Indonesian Khaleej Times (UAE) Mulyanis (blog) (Indonesia) Al Arabiya (UAE) Rima News.com (Indonesia) Facebook (Journal of Inter-Religious Dialogue) In Urdu Angola | Burundi | Côte d'Ivoire | Democratic Republic of Congo | Guinea | Indonesia | Jerusalem | Kenya Kosovo | Lebanon | Liberia | Macedonia | Morocco | Nepal | Nigeria | Pakistan | Rwanda | Sierra Leone Sudan | Timor-Leste | Ukraine | USA | Yemen | Zimbabwe Al Qamar (Islamabad) (Pakistan) 3.
    [Show full text]
  • 10 WINTER 1986 Ffl Jiiirfuijtjjrii-- the Stemberg Centre for Judaism, the Manor House , 80 East End Road, Contents London N3 2SY Telephone: 01-346 2288
    NA NUMBEFt 10 WINTER 1986 ffl jiiirfuijTJJriI-- The Stemberg Centre for Judaism, The Manor House , 80 East End Road, Contents London N3 2SY Telephone: 01-346 2288 2 Jaclynchernett We NowNeeda separate MANNA is the Journal of the Sternberg Conservative Movement Centre for Judaism at the Manor House and of the Manor House Society. 3 MichaelLeigh Andwhywe Mus.tTake upthe challenge MANI`IA is published quarterly. 4 Charlesselengut WhyYoung Jews Defectto cults Editor: Rabbi Tony Bayfield Deputy Editor: Rabbi william Wolff Art Editor: Charles Front 8 LionelBlue lnklings Editorial Assistant: Elizabeth Sarah Curtis cassell Help! Editorial Board: Rabbi Colin Eimer, 10 ^ Deirdreweizmann The outsider Getting Inside Rabbi Dr. Albert Friedlander, Rabbi the Jewish Skin David Goldberg, Dr. Wendy Green- gross, Reverend Dr. Isaac Levy, Rabbi Dr. Jonathan Magonet, Rabbi Dow Mamur, Rabbi Dr. J.ohm Rayner, Pro- 12 LarryTabick MyGrandfather Knew Isaac Bashevis singer fessor J.B . Segal, Isca Wittenberg. 14 Wendy Greengross Let's pretend Views expressed in articles in M¢7!#cz do not necessarily reflect the view of the Editorial Board. 15 JakobJ. Petuchowski The New Machzor. Torah on One Foot Subscription rate: £5 p.a. (four issues) including postage anywhere in the U.K. 17 Books. Lionel Blue: From pantryto pulpit Abroad: Europe - £8; Israel, Asia; Evelyn Rose: Blue's Blender Americas, Australasia -£12. 18 Reuven silverman Theycould Ban Baruch But Not His Truth A 20 Letters 21 DavjdGoldberg Lastword The cover shows Zlfee Jew by Jacob Kramer, an ink on yellow wash, circa 1916, one of many distinguished pic- tures currently on exhibition at the Stemberg Centre.
    [Show full text]
  • Rabbi Andre Ungar Z’L (21 July 1929–5 May 2020)
    Rabbi Andre Ungar z’l (21 July 1929–5 May 2020) Jonathan Magonet abbi Ungar was born in Budapest to Bela and Frederika Ungar. The Rfamily lived in hiding with false identity papers from 1944 under the German occupation.1 After the war, a scholarship brought him to the UK where he studied at Jews’ College, then part of University College, and subsequently studied philosophy. Feeling uncomfortable within Orthodoxy, he met with Rabbi Harold Reinhart and Rabbi Leo Baeck and eventually became an assistant rabbi at West London Synagogue. In 1954 he obtained his doctorate in philosophy and was ordained as a rabbi through a programme that preceded the formal creation of Leo Baeck College in 1956. In 1955 he was appointed as rabbi at the pro- gressive congregation in Port Elizabeth, South Africa. Very soon his fiery anti-Apartheid sermons were condemned in the Afrikaans newspapers and received mixed reactions from the Jewish community. In December 1956 he was served with a deportation order and was forced to leave the country. He wrote with passion about his South African experience some ten years later in the book Resistance against Tyranny2 A symposium edited by his friend and fellow Hungarian Eugene Heimler whose important account of his Holocaust experience Night of the Mist Ungar had translated into English. I found that our own genteel white leisure and wealth was a thin veneer over a vast mass of coloured suffering; and that the distinction was arti- ficially created, maintained and, since the Nationalist victory of 1948, deliberately worsened day after day.
    [Show full text]
  • Convened by the Peace Council and the Center for Health and Social
    CHSP_Report_cover.qxd Printer: Please adjust spine width if necessary. Additional copies of this report may be obtained from: ............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. International Committee for the Peace Council The Center for Health and Social Policy 2702 International Lane, Suite 108 847 25th Avenue Convened by The Peace Council and The Center for Health and Social Policy Madison, WI 53704 San Francisco, CA 94121 United States United States Chiang Mai, Thailand 1-608-241-2200 Phone 1-415-386-3260 Phone February 29–March 3, 2004 1-608-241-2209 Fax 1-415-386-1535 Fax [email protected] [email protected] www.peacecouncil.org www.chsp.org ............................................................................................................. Copyright © 2004 by The Center for Health and Social Policy and The Peace Council ............................................................................................................. Convened by The Peace Council and The Center for Health and Social Policy Chiang Mai, Thailand February 29–March 3, 2004 Contents Introduction 5 Stephen L. Isaacs and Daniel Gómez-Ibáñez The Chiang Mai Declaration: 9 Religion and Women: An Agenda for Change List of Participants 13 Background Documents World Religions on Women: Their Roles in the Family, 19 Society, and Religion Christine E. Gudorf Women and Religion in the Context of Globalization 49 Vandana Shiva World Religions and the 1994 United Nations 73 International Conference on Population and Development A Report on an International and Interfaith Consultation, Genval, Belgium, May 4-7, 1994 3 Introduction Stephen L. Isaacs and Daniel Gómez-Ibáñez Forty-eight religious and women’s leaders participated in a “conversation” in Chi- ang Mai, Thailand between February 29 and March 3, 2004 to discuss how, in an era of globalization, religions could play a more active role in advancing women’s lives.
    [Show full text]
  • Conditions and Challenges Experienced by Human Rights Defenders in Carrying out Their Work
    Conditions and challenges experienced by human rights defenders in carrying out their work: Findings and recommendations of a fact-finding mission to Israel and the Occupied Palestinian Territories carried out by Forefront and by the World Organisation Against Torture (OMCT) and the International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH) in their joint programme the Observatory for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders Table of contents Paragraphs Executive Summary A. Mission’s rationale and objectives 1-4 B. The delegation’s composition and activities • Composition 5 • Programme 6-12 • Working methods 13-14 C. The environment in which human rights NGOs operate • Upholding human rights in a context of armed conflict and terrorism 15-23 • Freedom of association: Issues relating to human rights NGO’s registration and funding 24-34 • Freedom of expression of human rights defenders 35-37 • Restrictions on freedom of movement affecting the work of human rights NGOs 38-43 • Conditions experienced by the international human rights organisations 44-46 • The NGOs section of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the State of Israel 47-50 D. Main issues that human rights NGOs address • Upholding international humanitarian law in a context of occupation 51-55 • Protecting persons in administrative detention and opposing any forms of torture and ill-treatment 56-61 • Upholding the right to defence and due process of law 62-70 • Opposing house demolitions in the OPTs as collective punishment and ill-treatment 71-72 • Fighting for the dismantlement of Israeli settlements and opposing land-seizure in the OPTs 73-75 E. Specific risks to which human rights defenders are exposed • Physical risks and security hazards faced by human rights defenders in Israel and the OPTs 76-77 • Detention and ill-treatment of human rights defenders: The case of Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Reform Judaism: in 1000 Words Gender
    Reform Judaism: In 1000 Words Gender Context One of the distinctive features of Reform Judaism is our unequivocal commitment to gender equality. Or is it? As Rabbi Barbara Borts of Darlington Hebrew Congregation writes, though there are many examples of equality in our movement (such as our exceptional siddur and women in senior rabbinic positions) the journey towards true equality in our communities has been a process of development over many years, and in some ways is not yet complete. Content The male rabbi who was approached to write this section demurred, believing it was inappropriate for him to write about gender issues. Gender, he believed, really meant ‘women.’ This is a natural conclusion. After all, Judaism developed as a patriarchal religion with strict delineations between male Jewish life and female Jewish life: male Judaism was the norm [a Jew and His Judaism] and the woman, a separate category.i Although the idea of gender now encompasses many aspects of sexual identity, for most people, ‘gender’ will mean ‘women’ and we will thus examine past and current thinking about women’s roles in the MRJ. In 1840 West London Synagogue, women’s equality was not part of the founders’ visions. Women sat in the balcony until 1910 (except for the Yamim Nora’im) and the choir was initially all-male, although women would join early on.ii Other founding synagogues discussed participation by women, but there was no consensus about what equality for women entailed, not even through the 1990s and perhaps beyond. The first women rabbis often encountered great opposition and found it difficult to gain employment against male candidates for particular jobs.
    [Show full text]
  • Immersion Into Noise
    Immersion Into Noise Critical Climate Change Series Editors: Tom Cohen and Claire Colebrook The era of climate change involves the mutation of systems beyond 20th century anthropomorphic models and has stood, until recent- ly, outside representation or address. Understood in a broad and critical sense, climate change concerns material agencies that im- pact on biomass and energy, erased borders and microbial inven- tion, geological and nanographic time, and extinction events. The possibility of extinction has always been a latent figure in textual production and archives; but the current sense of depletion, decay, mutation and exhaustion calls for new modes of address, new styles of publishing and authoring, and new formats and speeds of distri- bution. As the pressures and re-alignments of this re-arrangement occur, so must the critical languages and conceptual templates, po- litical premises and definitions of ‘life.’ There is a particular need to publish in timely fashion experimental monographs that redefine the boundaries of disciplinary fields, rhetorical invasions, the in- terface of conceptual and scientific languages, and geomorphic and geopolitical interventions. Critical Climate Change is oriented, in this general manner, toward the epistemo-political mutations that correspond to the temporalities of terrestrial mutation. Immersion Into Noise Joseph Nechvatal OPEN HUMANITIES PRESS An imprint of MPublishing – University of Michigan Library, Ann Arbor, 2011 First edition published by Open Humanities Press 2011 Freely available online at http://hdl.handle.net/2027/spo.9618970.0001.001 Copyright © 2011 Joseph Nechvatal This is an open access book, licensed under the Creative Commons By Attribution Share Alike license. Under this license, authors allow anyone to download, reuse, reprint, modify, distribute, and/or copy this book so long as the authors and source are cited and resulting derivative works are licensed under the same or similar license.
    [Show full text]
  • Six Canonical Projects by Rem Koolhaas
    5 Six Canonical Projects by Rem Koolhaas has been part of the international avant-garde since the nineteen-seventies and has been named the Pritzker Rem Koolhaas Architecture Prize for the year 2000. This book, which builds on six canonical projects, traces the discursive practice analyse behind the design methods used by Koolhaas and his office + OMA. It uncovers recurring key themes—such as wall, void, tur montage, trajectory, infrastructure, and shape—that have tek structured this design discourse over the span of Koolhaas’s Essays on the History of Ideas oeuvre. The book moves beyond the six core pieces, as well: It explores how these identified thematic design principles archi manifest in other works by Koolhaas as both practical re- Ingrid Böck applications and further elaborations. In addition to Koolhaas’s individual genius, these textual and material layers are accounted for shaping the very context of his work’s relevance. By comparing the design principles with relevant concepts from the architectural Zeitgeist in which OMA has operated, the study moves beyond its specific subject—Rem Koolhaas—and provides novel insight into the broader history of architectural ideas. Ingrid Böck is a researcher at the Institute of Architectural Theory, Art History and Cultural Studies at the Graz Ingrid Böck University of Technology, Austria. “Despite the prominence and notoriety of Rem Koolhaas … there is not a single piece of scholarly writing coming close to the … length, to the intensity, or to the methodological rigor found in the manuscript
    [Show full text]
  • From Bishop Munib Younan Easter Message from the Holy Land
    Easter Message from the Holy Land From Bishop Munib Younan Easter Message from the Holy Land Salaam and Grace in the name of our Crucified and Risen Lord, Jesus Christ. As I write this message of Easter, I really do not know where to start, lest somebody will ask me: What is the truth? It seems that the truth lies beyond the thoughts of our hearts and beyond the mass media. When Jesus was indicted on Maundy Thursday, the truth lay in that he was the Messiah, the Lamb of God, who came to carry the sin of the world. Here many incidents take place everyday. It is in every minute that things change. The situation is very unpredictable. The other day, I visited Hebron with Peter Prove (Lutheran World Federation), Kent Johnson (ELCA), and Gustaf Odquist, where we were generously hosted by one of the Moslem Sheiks, who is a close friend of mine. We were shocked to see the real picture of the truth. An Israeli settler woman was throwing stones on Palestinian shopkeepers while the army was leniently asking her not to do so. At the same time, other soldiers nearby were shooting live ammunition on Palestinian youth. I ask: What is the truth? Is this justice? Where is at least the Christian conscience? The situation continues to deteriorate day by day. The Israeli siege on the Palestinian territories is tightening. You need only to pass in the morning near my house in Tantur and watch the police and soldiers running after Palestinian laborers, who search for their daily bread, and witness the realities behind the UN statistics stating that the present unemployment rate in the Palestinian areas is now around 38% of the working force.
    [Show full text]
  • Prayer and Liturgy
    Reform Judaism: In 2000 Words Prayer and Liturgy Context The liturgy that we hold in our hands as we pray articulates our values, expresses our concerns, provides language and structure for our communal worship. As Reform Jews we believe that it must therefore evolve to reflect who we are, to speak as we speak. Indeed, liturgy has never been static; it has always grown and changed, influenced by where Jews lived, their experiences and their relationships with those around them. This week, not one essay but two, reflecting the importance of liturgical development in Reform Judaism. In these articles, Rabbi Professor Jonathan Magonet, former Principal of the Leo Baeck College and Rabbi Paul Freedman of Radlett Reform Synagogue, both of whom have edited Reform liturgies, explore some of the major changes in the liturgical life of our community over the last century. Content – Rabbi Professor Jonathan Magonet The liturgy, prayers and forms of service of the UK Reform Movement, like those of the many versions of non- Orthodox Judaism worldwide, are dynamic and ever changing. This often leads to the charge of being ‘fashionable’ and therefore somehow superficial. However, a look at the difference between the siddur in use from 1931 until the major revision in 1977 is a stark reminder that between those two dates the Jewish people experienced two major world-shaking events, the Shoah (Holocaust) and the creation of the State of Israel. Not to have changed, not to have taken these into account, would have been absurd, irrespective of any ‘progressive’ ideological concerns. Perhaps less dramatic but equally significant in terms of the wider society in which we live, the recognition of gender inequality and the wish to address it clearly within the movement, had to be reflected in the ‘new’ siddur published in 2008 – not for the sake of being ‘trendy’ but because a religious tradition that is out of touch with the forces affecting its members becomes at best a mere cult and at worst asks its members to hold very different ideals in their ritual and daily lives.
    [Show full text]