1875–2012 Dr. Jan E. Wynn
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Cities As Complex Systems: Scaling, Interactions, Networks, Dynamics and Urban Morphologies
UCL CENTRE FOR ADVANCED SPATIAL ANALYSIS WORKING PAPERS SERIES Paper 131 - Feb 08 Cities as Complex Systems: Scaling, Interactions, Networks, Dynamics and Urban Morphologies ISSN 1467-1298 Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis University College London 1 - 19 Torrington Place Gower St London WC1E 7HB Tel: +44 (0)20 7679 1782 [email protected] www.casa.ucl.ac.uk Cities as Complex Systems† Scaling, Interactions, Networks, Dynamics and Urban Morphologies Michael Batty Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis, University College London, 1-19 Torrington Place, London WC1E 6BT, UK Email: [email protected], Web: www.casa.ucl.ac.uk Abstract Cities have been treated as systems for fifty year but only in the last two decades has the focus changed from aggregate equilibrium systems to more evolving systems whose structure merges from the bottom up. We first outline the rudiments of the traditional approach focusing on equilibrium and then discuss how the paradigm has changed to one which treats cities as emergent phenomena generated through a combination of hierarchical levels of decision, driven in decentralized fashion. This is consistent with the complexity sciences which dominate the simulation of urban form and function. We begin however with a review of equilibrium models, particularly those based on spatial interaction, and we then explore how simple dynamic frameworks can be fashioned to generate more realistic models. In exploring dynamics, nonlinear systems which admit chaos and bifurcation have relevance but recently more pragmatic schemes of structuring urban models based on cellular automata and agent-based modeling principles have come to the fore. Most urban models deal with the city in terms of the location of its economic and demographic activities but there is also a move to link such models to urban morphologies which are clearly fractal in structure. -
Introduction to Experimental Mathematics
15-355: Modern Computer Algebra Introduction to Experimental Mathematics Introduction to Experimental Mathematics Victor Adamchik Carnegie Mellon University Integer Relation Algorithms "Computers are useless. They can only give you answers." Pablo Picasso "The purpose of computing is insight, not numbers." Richard Humming Given a vector of real number {x1, ...,x n}, find a vector of integers {p1, ...,p n} such that a linear combination of given numbers is zero, namely p1 x1 + ...+p n xn =0 The algorithm was discovered iun 1979 by Ferguson and Forcade [1]. In 1982 it was improved by Lenstra, Lenstra, Lovász [2]. 1992, more improvements by Ferguson and Bailey - PSLQ algorithm[3]. 2D case: Suppose there are two numbers x,y. Find integers n,m such that x n+ym= 0. If x and b are integers, we use the Euclidean algorithm x=y*q 1 +r 1, 0≤r 1 <y y=r 1 *q 2 +r 2, 0≤r 2 <r 1 r1 =r 2 *q 3 +r 3, 0≤r 3 <r 2 ... ... ... rk-2 =r k-1 *q k +r k, 0≤r k <r k-1 rk-1 =r k *q k+1 +0 What if we apply this idea to real numbers? GCD 2 , 1 1.414214 = 1 * 1 + 0.414214 1 = 2 * 0.414214 + 0.171573 2 Introduction to Experimental Mathematics 0.414214 = 2 * 0.171573 + 0.071068 0.171573 = 2 * 0.071068 + 0.029437 0.071068 = 2 * 0.029437 + 0.012193 and so on Since remainders rk → 0 on each iteration, we will get either an exact relation or an approximation. -
Arxiv:2107.06030V2 [Math.HO] 18 Jul 2021 Jonathan Michael Borwein
Jonathan Michael Borwein 1951 { 2016: Life and Legacy Richard P. Brent∗ Abstract Jonathan M. Borwein (1951{2016) was a prolific mathematician whose career spanned several countries (UK, Canada, USA, Australia) and whose many interests included analysis, optimisation, number theory, special functions, experimental mathematics, mathematical finance, mathematical education, and visualisation. We describe his life and legacy, and give an annotated bibliography of some of his most significant books and papers. 1 Life and Family Jonathan (Jon) Michael Borwein was born in St Andrews, Scotland, on 20 May 1951. He was the first of three children of David Borwein (1924{2021) and Bessie Borwein (n´eeFlax). It was an itinerant academic family. Both Jon's father David and his younger brother Peter Borwein (1953{2020) are well-known mathematicians and occasional co-authors of Jon. His mother Bessie is a former professor of anatomy. The Borweins have an Ashkenazy Jewish background. Jon's father was born in Lithuania, moved in 1930 with arXiv:2107.06030v4 [math.HO] 15 Sep 2021 his family to South Africa (where he met his future wife Bessie), and moved with Bessie to the UK in 1948. There he obtained a PhD (London) and then a Lectureship in St Andrews, Scotland, where Jon was born and went to school at Madras College. The family, including Jon and his two siblings, moved to Ontario, Canada, in 1963. In 1971 Jon graduated with a BA (Hons ∗Mathematical Sciences Institute, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT. Email: <[email protected]>. 1 Math) from the University of Western Ontario. It was in Ontario that Jon met his future wife and lifelong partner Judith (n´eeRoots). -
Trends of Urbanization and Suburbanization in Southeast Asia 1
1 Trends of Urbanization and Suburbanization in Southeast Asia 1 TRENDS OF URBANIZATION AND SUBURBANIZATION IN SOUTHEAST ASIA Edited by Tôn Nữ Quỳnh Trân Fanny Quertamp Claude de Miras Nguyễn Quang Vinh Lê Văn Năm Trương Hoàng Trương Ho Chi Minh City General Publishing House 2 Trends of Urbanization and Suburbanization in Southeast Asia 3 Trends of Urbanization and Suburbanization in Southeast Asia TRENDS OF URBANIZATION AND SUBURBANIZATION IN SOUTHEAST ASIA 4 Trends of Urbanization and Suburbanization in Southeast Asia Cooperation Centre for Urban Development, Hanoi (Institut des Métiers de la Ville (IMV)) was created in 2001 by the People’s Committee of Hanoi and the Ile- de-France Region (France) within their general cooperation agreement. It has for first vocation to improve the competences of the municipal staff in the field of urban planning and management of urban services. The concerned technical departments are the department or urban planning and architecture, the department of transport and civil engineering, the authority for public transports planning, the construction department… IMV organizes seminars to support decision-makers and technicians, finances studies, implements consultancies, contributes to knowledge dissemination by the translation of scientific and technical books, and maintain a library on urban planning. Ho Chi Minh City Urban Development Management Support Centre (Centre de Prospective et d’Etudes Urbaines (PADDI)) was created in 2004 in cooperation between the People’s Committee of Ho Chi Minh City and the Rhône-Alpes Region (France). Its office is located inside the Ho Chi Minh City Town Planning Institute. Competences of PADDI are training, consultancies and research. -
EXPERIMENTAL MATHEMATICS: the ROLE of COMPUTATION in NONLINEAR SCIENCE Dedicated to the Memory of Our Friend and Colleague, Stanislaw M
SPECIAL SECTION EXPERIMENTAL MATHEMATICS: THE ROLE OF COMPUTATION IN NONLINEAR SCIENCE Dedicated to the memory of our friend and colleague, Stanislaw M. Ulam. Computers have expanded the range of nonlinear phenomena that can be explored mathematically. An “experimental mathematics facility,” containing both special-purpose dedicated machines and general-purpose mainframes, may someday provide the ideal context for complex nonlinear problems. DAVID CAMPBELL, JIM CRUTCHFIELD, DOYNE FARMER, and ERICA JEN It would be hard to exaggerate the role that computers properties, and how can it be solved? The second prob- and numerical simulations have played in the recent lem involves what we call modeling: Given a process in progress of nonlinear science. Indeed, the term experi- the “real” world, how can we write down the best mental mathematics has been coined to describe mathematical description or model? As scientists we computer-based investigations into nonlinear problems want both to model the real world and to be able to that are inaccessible to analytic methods. The experi- solve the resulting models, and so we must address mental mathematician uses the computer to simulate both problems, for the interplay between them is cru- the solutions of nonlinear equations and thereby to gain cial. It is easy, for example, to write down the Navier- insights into their behavior and to suggest directions for Stokes equations describing fluid motion; this does very future analytic research. In the last 20 years, the sym- little to reveal the nature of turbulent fluid flow, how- biotic interplay between experimental and theoretical ever. Similarly, intuition about the qualitative aspects mathematics has caused a revolution in our under- of nonlinear behavior can be very valuable as a guide standing of nonlinear problems [17, 25, 301. -
APPLICATION for GRANTS UNDER the National Resource Centers and Foreign Language and Area Studies Fellowships
U.S. Department of Education Washington, D.C. 20202-5335 APPLICATION FOR GRANTS UNDER THE National Resource Centers and Foreign Language and Area Studies Fellowships CFDA # 84.015A PR/Award # P015A180115 Gramts.gov Tracking#: GRANT12659873 OMB No. , Expiration Date: Closing Date: Jun 25, 2018 PR/Award # P015A180115 **Table of Contents** Form Page 1. Application for Federal Assistance SF-424 e3 2. Standard Budget Sheet (ED 524) e6 3. Assurances Non-Construction Programs (SF 424B) e8 4. Disclosure Of Lobbying Activities (SF-LLL) e10 5. ED GEPA427 Form e11 Attachment - 1 (GEPA_Section_427_IMCLAS1024915422) e12 6. Grants.gov Lobbying Form e17 7. Dept of Education Supplemental Information for SF-424 e18 8. ED Abstract Narrative Form e19 Attachment - 1 (IMCLAS_Abstract20181024915421) e20 9. Project Narrative Form e21 Attachment - 1 (IMCLAS_Narrative_20181024915424) e22 10. Other Narrative Form e82 Attachment - 1 (FY_2018_Profile_Form_IMCLAS1024915425) e83 Attachment - 2 (IMCLAS_Table_Of_Contents_LAS1024915426) e84 Attachment - 3 (IMCLAS_Acronyms_List_20181024915427) e85 Attachment - 4 (IMCLAS_Diverse_Perspectives_and_National_Need_Descriptions1024915428) e87 Attachment - 5 (Appendix_1_IMCLAS_Course_List1024915429) e91 Attachment - 6 (Appendix_2_IMCLAS_Faculty_CVs1024915430) e118 Attachment - 7 e225 (Appendix_3_IMCLAS_Position_Description_for_Positions_to_be_Filled_and_Paid_from_the_Grant1024915431) Attachment - 8 (Appendix_4_IMCLAS_Letters_of_Support1024915436) e226 Attachment - 9 (Appendix_5_IMCLAS_PMF_20181024915437) e232 11. Budget Narrative -
Torification and Factorization of Birational Maps 3
TORIFICATION AND FACTORIZATION OF BIRATIONAL MAPS DAN ABRAMOVICH, KALLE KARU, KENJI MATSUKI, AND JAROSLAW WLODARCZYK Abstract. Building on work of the fourth author in [69], we prove the weak factorization conjecture for birational maps in characteristic zero: a birational map between complete nonsingular varieties over an algebraically closed field K of characteristic zero is a composite of blowings up and blowings down with smooth centers. Contents 0. Introduction 1 1. Preliminaries 5 2. Birational Cobordisms 10 3. Torification 16 4. A proof of the weak factorization theorem 22 5. Generalizations 24 6. Problems related to weak factorization 27 References 28 0. Introduction We work over an algebraically closed field K of characteristic 0. We denote the multiplicative group of K by K∗. 0.1. Statement of the main result. The purpose of this paper is to give a proof for the following weak factorization conjecture of birational maps. We note that another proof of this theorem was given by the fourth author in [70]. See section 0.12 for a brief comparison of the two approaches. Theorem 0.1.1 (Weak Factorization). Let φ : X1 99K X2 be a birational map between complete nonsingular algebraic varieties X1 and X2 over an algebraically closed field K of characteristic zero, and let U ⊂ X1 be an open set where φ is an isomorphism. Then φ can be factored into a sequence of blowings up and blowings arXiv:math/9904135v4 [math.AG] 31 May 2000 down with smooth irreducible centers disjoint from U, namely, there exists a sequence of birational maps between complete nonsingular algebraic varieties ϕ1 ϕ2 ϕi ϕi+1 ϕi+2 ϕl−1 ϕl X1 = V0 99K V1 99K · · · 99K Vi 99K Vi+1 99K · · · 99K Vl−1 99K Vl = X2 where 1. -
Professor Michael Batty CBE FBA FRS Curriculum Vitae 1
Professor Michael Batty CBE FBA FRS Curriculum Vitae _______________________________________________________________________________ Brief Biography and Summary Michael Batty is, by training, an architect-planner and geographer. He is Bartlett Professor of Planning at University College London where he is Chairman of the Centre for Advanced Spatial Analysis (CASA). His career began in the University of Manchester in 1966 where he was appointed an Assistant Lecturer in Town and Country Planning. He then spent 10 years at the University of Reading as Research Assistant, Lecturer and Reader in Geography, before moving to the University of Wales Institute of Science and Technology (now the University of Cardiff), in 1979, where he was Professor of Town Planning. During this time, he acted as Head of Department, and Dean of the Faculty of Environmental Design. In 1990, he moved to direct the NSF National Centre for Geographic Information and Analysis (NCGIA) at the State University of New York at Buffalo (SUNY-Buffalo) where he was a Professor of Geography. He has held several visiting appointments in computing, engineering, planning, and geography at the Universities of Illinois, Melbourne, Hong Kong, Bristol, and Michigan, and is currently a Visiting Distinguished Professor at Arizona State University, and an Honorary Professor at Cardiff University. He has been at UCL since 1995 where he set up CASA as an interdisciplinary centre focussed on the development of mathematical models and digital technologies in geographical information science, urban and regional modelling, and the science of cities. CASA has grown to around 50 research and administrative staff in the last 15 years and now has an annual income of around £3 million mainly funded from research grants coming primarily from EPSRC, ESRC, JISC, the EU 7th Framework, and the ERC. -
Universität Regensburg Mathematik
UniversitÄatRegensburg Mathematik Parametric Approximation of Surface Clusters driven by Isotropic and Anisotropic Surface Energies J.W. Barrett, H. Garcke, R. NÄurnberg Preprint Nr. 04/2009 Parametric Approximation of Surface Clusters driven by Isotropic and Anisotropic Surface Energies John W. Barrett† Harald Garcke‡ Robert N¨urnberg† Abstract We present a variational formulation for the evolution of surface clusters in R3 by mean curvature flow, surface diffusion and their anisotropic variants. We intro- duce the triple junction line conditions that are induced by the considered gradient flows, and present weak formulations of these flows. In addition, we consider the case where a subset of the boundaries of these clusters are constrained to lie on an external boundary. These formulations lead to unconditionally stable, fully dis- crete, parametric finite element approximations. The resulting schemes have very good properties with respect to the distribution of mesh points and, if applicable, volume conservation. This is demonstrated by several numerical experiments, in- cluding isotropic double, triple and quadruple bubbles, as well as clusters evolving under anisotropic mean curvature flow and anisotropic surface diffusion, including for regularized crystalline surface energy densities. Key words. surface clusters, mean curvature flow, surface diffusion, soap bubbles, triple junction lines, parametric finite elements, anisotropy, tangential movement AMS subject classifications. 65M60, 65M12, 35K55, 53C44, 74E10, 74E15 1 Introduction Equilibrium soap bubble clusters are stationary solutions of the variational problem in which one seeks a least area way to enclose and separate a number of regions with pre- scribed volumes. The relevant energy in this case is given as the sum of the total surface area. -
ACVR1B Rs2854464 Is Associated with Sprint/Power Athletic Status in a Large Cohort of Europeans but Not Brazilians Sarah Voisin, Joao Paulo F
ACVR1B rs2854464 Is Associated with Sprint/Power Athletic Status in a Large Cohort of Europeans but Not Brazilians Sarah Voisin, Joao Paulo F. L. Guilherme, Xu Yan, Vladimir P. Pushkarev, Pawel Cieszczyk, Myosotis Massidda, Carla M. Calo, Dmitry A. Dyatlov, Vitaliy A. Kolupaev, Yuliya E. Pushkareva, et al. To cite this version: Sarah Voisin, Joao Paulo F. L. Guilherme, Xu Yan, Vladimir P. Pushkarev, Pawel Cieszczyk, et al.. ACVR1B rs2854464 Is Associated with Sprint/Power Athletic Status in a Large Cohort of Europeans but Not Brazilians. PLoS ONE, Public Library of Science, 2016, 11 (6), pp.1-11. 10.1371/jour- nal.pone.0156316. hal-02637182 HAL Id: hal-02637182 https://hal.inrae.fr/hal-02637182 Submitted on 27 May 2020 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution| 4.0 International License RESEARCH ARTICLE ACVR1B rs2854464 Is Associated with Sprint/ Power Athletic Status in a Large Cohort of Europeans but Not Brazilians Sarah Voisin1,2,João Paulo F. L. Guilherme3, Xu Yan2, Vladimir P. Pushkarev4,10, Pawel Cieszczyk5,9, Myosotis Massidda6, Carla M. Calò6, Dmitry A. Dyatlov7, Vitaliy A. -
New York Journal of Mathematics Lang's Conjectures, Fibered
New York Journal of Mathematics New York J. Math. 2 (1996) 20–34. Lang’s Conjectures, Fibered Powers, and Uniformity Dan Abramovich and Jos´e Felipe Voloch Abstract. We prove that the fibered power conjecture of Caporaso et al. (Con- jecture H, [CHM], §6) together with Lang’s conjecture implies the uniformity of rational points on varieties of general type, as predicted in [CHM]; a few applications on the arithmetic and geometry of curves are stated. In an opposite direction, we give counterexamples to some analogous results in positive characteristic. We show that curves that change genus can have arbitrarily many rational points; and that curves over Fp(t) can have arbitrarily many Frobenius orbits of non-constant points. Contents 1. Introduction 21 1.1. A Few Conjectures of Lang 21 1.2. The Fibered Power Conjecture 22 1.3. Summary of Results on the Implication Side 22 1.4. Summary of Results: Examples in Positive Characteristic 24 1.5. Acknowledgments 25 2. Proof of Theorem 1.5 25 2.1. Preliminaries 25 2.2. Prolongable Points 25 2.3. Proof of Theorem 1.5 26 3. A Few Refinements and Applications in Arithmetic and Geometry 26 3.1. Proof of Theorem 1.6 26 3.2. Uniformity in Terms of the Degree of an Extension 27 3.3. The Geometric Case 28 4. Examples in Positive Characteristic 30 4.1. Curves that Change Genus 30 Received December 20, 1995. Mathematics Subject Classification. 14G; 11G. Key words and phrases. arithmetic geometry, Lang’s conjecture, rational points. Abramovich partially supported by NSF grant DMS-9503276. -
LOCATION of CONFERENCE HALL Robertson Hall, Princeton, NJ 08540
LOCATION OF CONFERENCE HALL Robertson Hall, Princeton, NJ 08540 Page 1 of 19 LOCATION OF MEETING VENUES Page 2 of 19 CONFERENCE COMMITTEE President Xiaogang Wu (Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, HKSAR) Co-sponsor Yu Xie (Princeton University, USA) Members Hua-Yu Sebastian Cherng (New York University, USA) Qiang Fu (The University of British Columbia, CANADA) Reza Hasmath (University of Alberta, CANADA) Anning Hu (Fudan University, Mainland CHINA) Li-Chung Hu (National Chengchi University, TAIWAN) Yingchun Ji (Shanghai University, MAINLAND CHINA) Yingyi Ma (Syracuse University, USA) Lijun Song (Vanderbilt University, USA) Jun Xu (Ball State University, USA) Wei-hsin Yu (University of Maryland, USA) Amy Tsang (Harvard University, USA, Student representative) CONFERENCE SECRETARIAT Duoduo Xu (Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, HKSAR) Phillip Rush (Princeton University, USA) Shaoping Echo She (Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, HKSAR) Page 3 of 19 ORGANIZERS Page 4 of 19 PROGRAMME OUTLINE Friday August 10th 2018 Time Details Venue Bernstein 8:30 – 9:30 Registration and Reception Gallery Opening Speech 9:30 – 10:00 Bowl 016 by Prof. Yu Xie & Prof. Xiaogang Wu Bernstein 10:00 – 10:30 Coffee Break and Group Photo Taking Gallery Parallel Sessions 1.1 Big Data and Deep Learning Bowl 016 1.2 Education and Schooling Bowl 001 10:30 – 12:00 1.3 Gender Norms and Attitudes Bowl 002 (90 min’) 1.4 Migrants and Immigrants Rm. 005 1.5 Family and Domestic Labor Rm. 023 1.6 Governance and Civil Society Rm. 029 1.7 Hospitals, Patients and Medicine Rm. 035 Bernstein 12:00 – 13:20 Lunch Gallery Parallel Sessions 2.1 Marriage and Assortative Mating Bowl 016 2.2 Gender Inequality Bowl 001 13:20 – 14:50 2.3 Intergenerational Transfer and Relation Bowl 002 (90 min’) 2.4 Mental Health and Subjective Well-being Rm.