FAMILY Leiognathidae Gill 1893

SUBFAMILY Leiognathinae Gill, 1893 [=Osteostomia?, Equuloidei, Liognathidae] Notes: Name in prevailing recent practice Osteostomia? Rafinesque 1815:85 [ref. 3584] (subfamily) ? Leiognathus [no stem of the type genus, not available, Article 11.7.1.1] Equuloidei Bleeker 1859a:353 [ref. 16983] (family) Equula [also Bleeker 1859d:XXIII [ref. 371]; senior objective synonym of Leiognathidae Gill 1893; Equulidae used after 1899, e.g. Evermann & Seale 1907:67 [ref. 1285]] Liognathidae Gill 1893b:134 [ref. 26255] (family) Leiognathus [Liognathus inferred from the stem, Article 11.7.1.1; name must be corrected Article 32.5.3; corrected to Leiognathidae by Jordan 1923a:186 [ref. 2421], confirmed by Greenwood, Rosen, Weitzman & Myers 1966:400 [ref. 26856]; junior objective synonym of Equuloidei Bleeker 1859, but in prevailing recent practice; Leiognathidae also used as valid by: Whitley 1932a [ref. 4675], Schultz with Stern 1948 [ref. 31938], Bertin & Arambourg 1958, Lagler, Bardach & Miller 1962, Greenwood, Rosen, Weitzman & Myers 1966 [ref. 26856], Kamohara 1967, McAllister 1968 [ref. 26854], Lindberg 1971 [ref. 27211], Nelson 1976 [ref. 32838], Shiino 1976, Lagler, Bardach, Miller & May Passino 1977, Nelson 1984 [ref. 13596], Jones 1985 [ref. 21842], Smith & Heemstra 1986 [ref. 5715], Whitehead et al. (1986a) [ref. 13676], Robins et al. 1991b [ref. 14238], Nelson 1994 [ref. 26204], Springer & Raasch 1995:104 [ref. 25656], Eschmeyer 1998 [ref. 23416], Allen, Midgley & Allen 2002 [ref. 25930], Springer & Johnson 2004 [ref. 33199], Hoese et al. 2006, Nelson 2006 [ref. 32486], Chakrabarty & Sparks 2008 [ref. 29788], Kimura, Satapoomin & Matsuura 2009 [ref. 30425], Thacker 2009 [ref. 30058], Abraham, Joshi & Murty 2011 [ref. 31311] Allen & Erdmann 2012 [ref. 31980]]

GENUS Aurigequula Fowler, 1918 [=Aurigequula (subgenus of Leiognathus) Fowler [H. W.] 1918:17] Notes: [ref. 1396]. Fem. Clupea fasciata Lacepède 1803. Type by original designation (also monotypic). •Synonym of Leiognathus Lacepède 1802 -- (James 1978:141 [ref. 5317], Jones 1985:571 [ref. 21842]). •Placed in Equula by Chakrabarty & Sparks 2008:5 [ref. 29788], corrected by Chakrabarty et al. 2009:149 [ref. 30295]. •Valid as Aurigequula Fowler 1918 -- (Chakrabarty et al. 2008:149 [ref. 32414], Chakrabarty et al. 2009:143 [ref. 30295], Chakrabarty et al. 2010:109 [ref. 31090], Abraham et al. 2011:13 [ref. 31311], Kottelat 2013:339 [ref. 32989], Sparks & Chakrabarty 2015:181 [ref. 33740]). Current status: Valid as Aurigequula Fowler 1918. Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae.

Species Aurigequula fasciata (Lacepede, 1803) [=Clupea fasciata Lacepède [B. G. E.] (ex Commerson) 1803:425, 460, Equula asina De Vis [C. W.] 1884:544, Equula cara Cuvier [G.] 1829:212, Equula filigera Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:92, Pl. 284, Equula serrulifera Richardson [J.] 1848:137, Pl. 59 (fig. 12-14)] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 5; ref. 4930] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Aurigequula fasciata (Lacepède 1803). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Palau, Tonga and Samoa, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Exmouth Gulf (Western Australia), Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. Habitat: brackish, marine. (asina) [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4899] Cape York, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Aurigequula fasciata (Lacepède 1803). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: marine. (cara) [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Indian seas [Vizagapatam, India]. Current status: Synonym of Aurigequula fasciata (Lacepède 1803). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: marine. (filigera) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Molucca Islands; Trincomalee, Sri Lanka; Malabar; Seychelles. Current status: Synonym of Aurigequula fasciata (Lacepède 1803). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: marine. (serrulifera) [Ichthyology of the voyage of H. M. S. Erebus & Terror v. 2 (2); ref. 3740] Sydney, New South Wales, Australia [likely erroneous]. Current status: Synonym of Aurigequula fasciata (Lacepède 1803). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Aurigequula longispina (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) [=Equula longispinis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:94, Equula smithursti Ramsay [E. P.] & Ogilby [J. D.] 1886:11] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Waigeo, Papua Barat, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Aurigequula longispina (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Seychelles, Réunion (Mascarenes) and India east to Palawan (Philippines), north to Gulf of Thailand, south to Onslow (Western Australia). Habitat: marine. (smithursti) [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales (Series 2) v. 1 (pt 1); ref. 14464] Hood Lagoon, Papua New Guinea. Current status: Synonym of Aurigequula longispina (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific (if valid). Habitat: marine.

GENUS Leiognathus Lacepede, 1802 [=Leiognathus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:448] Notes: [ref. 4929]. Masc. Leiognathus argenteus Lacepède 1802 (= Scomber edentulus Bloch 1785). Type by monotypy. L. argenteus Lacepède is an unneeded substitute for S. edentulus Bloch. Liognathus Agassiz 1846:203, 212 [ref. 64] is an unjustified emendation (see Briggs 1961:162 [ref. 13439]). •Valid as Leiognathus Lacepède 1802 -- (Tortonese 1973:390 [ref. 7192], Uyeno & Yabumoto in Masuda et al. 1984:158 [ref. 6441], James 1985:397 [ref. 12861], Jones 1985:571 [ref. 21842], Roux in Whitehead et al. 1986:856 [ref. 13676], Smith 1986:620 [ref. 5712], Kottelat 1989:17 [ref. 13605], Ataur Rahman 1989:335 [ref. 24860], Ye in Pan et al. 1991:390 [ref. 23876], Allen 1991:135 [ref. 21090], Woodland et al. 2001:2794 [ref. 26095], Kimura et al. 2003:221 [ref. 27212], Ataur Rahman 2003:366 [ref. 31338], Ikejima et al. 2004:904 [ref. 27755], Sparks & Dunlap 2004:2 [ref. 27928], Kimura et al. 2005:275 [ref. 28424], Hoese & Bray 2006:1178 [ref. 29000], Chakrabarty & Sparks 2008:3 [ref. 29788] wrongly with equulus (Forsskål 1775) as type species, Chakrabarty et al. 2010:114 [ref. 31090], Abraham et al. 2011:6 [ref. 31311], Kottelat 2013:339 [ref. 32989], Sparks & Chakrabarty 2015:181 [ref. 33740]). Current status: Valid as Leiognathus Lacepède 1802. Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae.

Species Leiognathus berbis (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) [=Equula berbis Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:85, Scomber equula minimus Forsskål [P. S.] 1775:58, xii] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea; Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. Current status: Valid as Leiognathus berbis (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indian Ocean: East Africa and Gulf of Aden and ? east to western Indonesia [if valid]. Habitat: brackish, marine. (minimus) [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] Jeddah, Saudi Arabia, Red Sea; Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. Current status: Synonym of Leiognathus berbis (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Leiognathus bindoides (Bleeker, 1851) [=Equula bindoides Bleeker [P.] 1851:372] Notes: [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 1 (no. 4); ref. 326] Batavia, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Leiognathus bindoides (Bleeker 1851). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

Species Leiognathus brevirostris (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) [=Equula brevirostris Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:83] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Malabar, India. Current status: Valid as Leiognathus brevirostris (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Leiognathus edwardsi Evermann & Seale, 1907 [=Leiognathus edwardsi Evermann [B. W.] & Seale [A.] 1907:68, Fig. 7] Notes: [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 26 (Doc. 607) (for 1906); ref. 1285] San Fabian, Pangasinan, Luzon Island Philippines. Current status: Valid as Leiognathus edwardsi Evermann & Seale 1907. Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Leiognathus equula (Forsskal, 1775) [=Scomber equula Forsskål [P. S.] 1775:58, xii, Leiognathus argenteus Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:448, 449, Equula caballa Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:73, Equula coma Cuvier [G.] 1829:212, Scomber edentulus Bloch [M. E.] 1795:109, Pl. 428, Equula ensifera Cuvier [G.] 1829:212, Leiognathus obscura Seale [A.] 1901:74, Equula totta Cuvier [G.] 1829:212] Notes: [Descriptiones animalium (Forsskål); ref. 1351] [Lohajæ] Al-Luhayya, Yemen, Red Sea. Current status: Valid as Leiognathus equula (Forsskål 1775). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Seychelles, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to eastern Caroline Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to Western Australia, Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (argenteus) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 4; ref. 4929] Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India. Current status: Synonym of Leiognathus equula (Forsskål 1775). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (caballa) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Indian Ocean; Red Sea. Current status: Synonym of Leiognathus equula (Forsskål 1775). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (coma) [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Indian seas [Visakhapatnam]. Current status: Synonym of Leiognathus equula (Forsskål 1775). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (edentulus) [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 9; ref. 464] No locality given [East India, evidently Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India]. Current status: Synonym of Leiognathus equula (Forsskål 1775). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (ensifera) [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Indian seas [Tharangambadi]. Current status: Synonym of Leiognathus equula (Forsskål 1775). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (obscura) [Occasional Papers of the Bernice Pauahi Bishop Museum of Polynesian Ethnology and Natural History v. 1 (no. 3); ref. 14357] Agaña, Guam, Mariana Islands, western Pacific. Current status: Synonym of Leiognathus equulus (Forsskål 1775). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. (totta) [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Indian seas [Vizagapatam, India]. Current status: Synonym of Leiognathus equula (Forsskål 1775). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine.

Species Leiognathus mazavasaoka (Baldwin & Sperks, 2011) [=Secutor mazavasaoka Baldwin [Z. H.] & Sparks [J. S.] 2011:41, Figs. 3, 4A, 5] Notes: [Zootaxa No. 2998; ref. 31487] Maroansetra Market, 15°26'S, 49°45'E, Antongil Bay, Madagascar. Current status: Valid as Leiognathus mazavasaoka (Baldwin & Sparks 2011). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean: east coast of South Africa to Mozambique, coastal Madagascar to the Mascarene Islands. Habitat: marine.

Species Leiognathus parviceps (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) [=Equula parviceps Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:87] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Leiognathus parviceps (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: Southwestern Indian Ocean: Mauritius (Mascarenes endemic); other records probably based on misidentifications. Habitat: marine.

Species Leiognathus robustus Sparks & Dunlap, 2004 [=Leiognathus robustus Sparks [J. S.] & Dunlap [P. V.] 2004:6, Figs. 3-6] Notes: [American Museum Novitates No. 3459; ref. 27928] Singapore fish market. Current status: Valid as Leiognathus robustus Sparks & Dunlap 2004. Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: Western Pacific basin [on market specimens]. Habitat: marine.

Species Leiognathus striatus James & Badrudeen, 1991 [=Leiognathus striatus James [P. S. B. R.] & Badrudeen [M.] 1991:218, Fig. 1; Pls. 1a, 2a, 2d] Notes: [Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India v. 32 (nos 1-2) [1990]; ref. 20324] Gulf of Mannar at Pamban, Mandapam and Kilakarai, India. Current status: Valid as Leiognathus striatus James & Badrudeen 1991. Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: India. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Secutor Gistel, 1848 [=Secutor Gistel [J.] 1848:IX] Notes: [ref. 1822]. Masc. Zeus insidiator Bloch 1787. Type by being a replacement name. Unexplained replacement for Equula Cuvier 1815 (see Jordan 1919:336 [ref. 2409]). Authors differ on interpretation --should it be Leiognathus of Secutor. •Synonym of Leignathus Lacepede 1802 -- (Kottelat 2013:339 [ref. 32989]). •Valid as Secutor Gistel 1848 -- (Monkolprasit 1973 [ref. 7378], James 1985:397 [ref. 12861], Jones 1985:605 [ref. 21842], Smith 1986:621 [ref. 5712], Kottelat 1989:17 [ref. 13605], Mochizuki & Hayashi 1989:84 [ref. 20157], Rahman 1989:334 [ref. 24860], Woodland et al. 2001:2793 [ref. 26095], Kimura et al. 2003:221 [ref. 27212], Ataur Rahman 2003:363 [ref. 31338], Ikejima et al. 2004:904 [ref. 27755], Sparks & Dunlap 2004:2 [ref. 27928], Hoese & Bray 2006:1181 [ref. 29000], Kimura et al. 2008:111 [ref. 30931], Chakrabarty & Sparks 2008:2 [ref. 29788], Chakrabarty et al. 2010:118 [ref. 31090], Abraham et al. 2011:14 [ref. 31311], Baldwin & Sparks 2011:39 [ref. 31487]). Current status: Valid as Secutor Gistel 1848. Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae.

Species Secutor interruptus (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) [=Equula interrupta Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:102, Equula profunda De Vis [C. W.] 1884:544] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Puducherry, India. Current status: Valid as Secutor interruptus (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine. (profunda) [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4899] Queensland coast, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Deveximentum interruptum (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Secutor ruconius (Hamilton, 1822) [=Chanda ruconius Hamilton [F.] 1822:106, 371, Pl. 12 (fig. 35)] Notes: [An account of the fishes found in the river Ganges; ref. 2031] Ganges River estuaries, India. Current status: Valid as Secutor ruconius (Hamilton 1822). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: Red Sea, East Africa, Seychelles and Mascarenes east to Mariana Islands, north to Taiwan, south to Western Australia and Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. Habitat: freshwater, brackish, marine. ****************************************************************************************************************************** SUBFAMILY Gazzinae Chakrabarty & Sparks 2015 [=Eubleekerini, Equulitini, Nuchequulini] Notes: Gazzinae Chakrabarty & Sparks, 2015:298 [ref. 33837] (subfamily) Gazza [also as new tribe Gazzini] Eubleekerini Chakrabarty & Sparks 2015:298 [ref. 33837] (tribe) Eubleekeria Equulitini Chakrabarty & Sparks 2015:298 [ref. 33837] (tribe) Equulites Nuchequulini Chakrabarty & Sparks 2015:298 [ref. 33837] (tribe) Nuchequula

GENUS Deveximentum Fowler, 1904 [=Deveximentum Fowler [H. W.] 1904:517] Notes: [ref. 1367]. Zeus insidiator Bloch 1787. Type by original designation (also monotypic). Secutor is a replacement name for Equua, which is a synonym of Leiognathus according to Kottelat (2013). •Synonym of Secutor Gistel 1848 -- (James 1978:165 [ref. 5317], Jones 1985:605 [ref. 21842], Mochizuki & Hayashi 1989:84 [ref. 20157]). •Valid as Deveximentum Fowler 1904 -- (Kottelat 2013:337 [ref. 32989], Sparks & Chakrabarty 2015:186 [ref. 33740]). Current status: Valid as Deveximentum Fowler 1904. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Species Deveximentum hanedai (Mochizuki & Hayashi, 1989) [=Secutor hanedai Mochizuki [K.] & Hayashi [M.] 1989:93, Figs. 9E-F] Notes: [Science Report of the Yokosuka City Museum No. 37; ref. 20157] Sandakan, North Borneo, Malaysia, western Pacific. Current status: Valid as Deveximentum hanedai (Mochizuki & Hayashi 1989). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Andaman Sea, western Indonesia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Deveximentum indicium (Monkolprasit, 1973) [=Secutor indicius Monkolprasit [S. P.] 1973:14, Figs. 3-4] Notes: [Fishery Research Bulletin Kasetsart University. No. 6; ref. 7378] Songkhla, southern Thailand. Current status: Valid as Deveximentum indicium (Monkolprasit 1973). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Deveximentum insidiator (Bloch, 1787) [=Zeus insidiator Bloch [M. E.] 1787:41, Pl. 192 (figs. 2-3)] Notes: [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 3; ref. 468] Surate [Surat] , Surat District, India, Tapti River estuary, into Gulf of Khambhat, Arabian Sea, Western Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Deveximentum insidiator (Bloch 1787). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Red Sea, East Africa and Madagascar east to eastern Indonesia and Solomon Islands, south to Exmouth Gulf (Western Australia) and Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Deveximentum megalolepis (Mochizuke & Hayashi, 1989) [=Secutor megalolepis Mochizuki [K.] & Hayashi [M.] 1989:86, Figs. 8A-B] Notes: [Science Report of the Yokosuka City Museum No. 37; ref. 20157] Thailand. Current status: Valid as Deveximentum megalolepis (Mochizuki & Hayashi 1989). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Andaman Sea east to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

GENUS Equulites Fowler, 1904 [=Equulites (subgenus of Leiognathus) Fowler [H. W.] 1904:513] Notes: [ref. 1367]. Masc. Leiognathus vermiculatus Fowler 1904. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Leiognathus Lacepède 1802 -- (Böhlke 1984:119 [ref. 13621], Jones 1985:571 [ref. 21842]). •Valid as Equulites Fowler 1904 -- (Chakrabarty & Sparks 2008:6 [ref. 29788], Kimura et al. 2008:204-205 [ref. 29614], Chakrabarty et al. 2010:15 [ref. 30812], Chakrabarty et al. 2010:110 [ref. 31090], Abraham et al. 2011:11 [ref. 31311], Golani et al. 2011:S75 [ref. 31436], Kottelat 2013:337 [ref. 32989], Chakrabarty & Sparks 2015:298 [ref. 33837] as a tribe Equulitini, Sparks & Chakrabarty 2015:186 [ref. 33740]). Current status: Valid as Equulites Fowler 1904. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae.

Species Equulites absconditus Chakrabarty & Sparks, in Chakrabarty et al., 2010 [=Equulites absconditus Chakrabarty [P.] & Sparks [J. S.] in Chakrabarty, Chu, Nahar & Sparks 2010:18, Figs 2 (Group A), 5] Notes: [Zootaxa No. 2427; ref. 30812] Market at Tonshi, 23°27'10.1"N, 120°08'19.3"E, Taiwan. Current status: Valid as Equulites absconditus Chakrabarty & Sparks 2010. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Taiwan and India. Habitat: marine.

Species Equulites aethopos Suzuki & Kimura, 2017 [=Equulites aethopos Suzuki [H.] & Kimura [S.] 2017:[6], Figs. 2a, 4a, 7a] Notes: [Ichthyological Research v. 64 (no. 3); ref. 35231] Southern Red Sea. Current status: Valid as Equulites aethopos Suzuki & Kimura 2017. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Southern Red Sea. Habitat: marine.

Species Equulites elongatus (Gunther, 1874) [=Equula elongata Günther [A.] 1874:369 [2], Leiognathus elongatus Smith [H. M.] & Pope [T. E. B.] 1906:466, Fig. 2] Notes: [Annals and Magazine of Natural History (Series 4) v. 14 (no. 83) (art. 47); ref. 2006] North Sulawesi. Current status: Valid as Equulites elongatus (Günther 1874). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Habitat: marine. (elongatus) [Proceedings of the United States National Museum v. 31 (no. 1489); ref. 4058] Kagoshima, Japan. Current status: Synonym of Equulites elongatus (Günther 1874). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Equulites klunzingeri (Steindachner, 1898) [=Equula klunzingeri Steindachner [F.] 1898:199, Leiognathus mediterraneus Rhasis Erazi [R. A.] 1943:49, Fig.] Notes: [Anzeiger der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien v. 35 (no. 19); ref. 20495] Gulf of Suez, Egypt, Red Sea. Current status: Valid as Equulites klunzingeri (Steindachner 1898). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Red Sea, Gulf of Suez; Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant), Gulf of Oman. Habitat: marine. (mediterraneus) [Compte Rendu Annuel / Société Turque Sciences Physiques et Naturelles v. 10 (1942-43); ref. 13183] Iskenderun, southeastern Turkey, eastern Mediterranean Sea. Current status: Synonym of Equulites klunzingeri (Steindachner 1898). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Equulites laterofenestra (Sparks & Chakrabarty, 2007) [=Photoplagios laterofenestra Sparks [J. S.] & Chakrabarty [P.] 2007:624, Figs. 3-4] Notes: [Copeia 2007 (no. 3); ref. 29261] Samar Sea, Carigara Bay, Philippines, 11°55'42"N, 124°28'48"E to 11°53'48"N, 124°29'06", depth 0-86 meters. Current status: Valid as Equulites laterofenestra (Sparks & Chakrabarty 2007). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Philippines and Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

Species Equulites leuciscus (Gunther, 1860) [=Equula leuciscus Günther [A.] 1860:503, Liognathus hastatus Ogilby [J. D.] 1912:58, Equula longispina De Vis [C. W.] 1884:542, Equula novaehollandiae Steindachner [F.] 1879:31, Leiognathus vermiculatus Fowler [H. W.] 1904:513, Pl. 15 (lower left fig.)] Notes: [Catalogue of the fishes in the British Museum v. 2; ref. 1963] Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Equulites leuciscus (Günther 1860). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Madagascar and Seychelles to Vanuatu and New Caledonia, Australia to Taiwan and China. Habitat: marine. (hastatus) [Memoirs of the Queensland Museum v. 1; ref. 14855] Cape York, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Equulites leuciscus (Günther 1860). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: marine. (longispina) [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4899] Cape York, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Equulites leuciscus (Günther 1860). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: marine. (novaehollandiae) [Anzeiger der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Wien v. 16 (no. 4); ref. 20480] Cleveland Bay, Townsville, Queensland, Australia, 19°16'S, 146°48'E. Current status: Synonym of Equulites leuciscus (Günther 1860). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: marine. (vermiculatus) [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. Second series. v. 12 (pt 4); ref. 1367] Padang, Sumatra, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Equulites leuciscus (Günther 1860). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Equulites lineolatus (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) [=Equula lineolata Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:86] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Java, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Equulites lineolatus (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Durban (South Africa) and Madagascar east to Philippines and New Caledonia, north to southern Japan, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

Species Equulites oblongus (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) [=Equula oblonga Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:85] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Timor Island, southern Malay Archipelago; Malabar, India. Current status: Valid as Equulites oblongus (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Leiognathinae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Equulites popei (Whitley, 1932) [=Macilentichthys popei Whitley [G. P.] 1932:114] Notes: [Memoirs of the Queensland Museum v. 10 (pt 2); ref. 4675] Kagoshima, Japan. Current status: Valid as Equulites popei (Whitley 1932). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Red Sea to Japan and Philippines, Mediterranean Sea (Red Sea immigrant). Habitat: marine.

Species Equulites rivulatus (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) [=Equula rivulata Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1845:126, Pl. 67 (fig. 2)] Notes: [Fauna Japonica Parts 7-9; ref. 4373] Japan. Current status: Valid as Equulites rivulatus (Temminck & Schlegel 1845). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Western Pacific. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Eubleekeria Fowler, 1904 [=Eubleekeria (subgenus of Leiognathus) Fowler [H. W.] 1904:516] Notes: [ref. 1367]. Equula splendens Cuvier 1829. Type by original designation. •Synonym of Leiognathus Lacepède 1802 -- (James 1978:141 [ref. 5317], Jones 1985:571 [ref. 21842]). •Valid as Eubleekeria Fowler 1904 -- (Kimura et al. 2008:202 [ref. 30867], Chakrabarty & Sparks 2008:6 [ref. 29788], Chakrabarty et al. 2010:112 [ref. 31090], Abraham et al. 2011:3 [ref. 31311], Kottelat 2013:337 [ref. 32989], Chakrabarty & Sparks 2015:298 [ref. 22837] as a tribe Eubleekerini, Sparks & Chakrabarty 2015:187 [ref. 33740]). Current status: Valid as Eubleekeria Fowler 1904. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae.

Species Eubleekeria jonesi (James, 1971) [=Leiognathus jonesi James [P. S. B. R.] 1971:316, Fig. 1] Notes: [Journal of the Marine Biological Association of India v. 11 (no. 1-2) [1969]; ref. 21843] Palk Bay, vicinity of Mandapam, Tamil Nadu, southeastern India. Current status: Valid as Eubleekeria jonesi (James 1971). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Mascarenes east to Indonesia. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Eubleekeria kupanensis (Kimura & Peristiwady, in Kimura et al., 2005) [=Leiognathus kupanensis Kimura [S.] & Peristiwady [T.] in Kimura et al. 2005:281, Fig. 8] Notes: [Ichthyological Research v. 52 (no. 3); ref. 28424] Kupang, Timor, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Eubleekeria kupanensis (Kimura & Peristiwady 2005). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

Species Eubleekeria rapsoni (Munro, 1964) [=Leiognathus rapsoni Munro [I. S. R.] 1964:171, Fig. 14] Notes: [Papua New Guinea Agricultural Journal v. 16 (no. 4); ref. 3058] Off Redscar Bay, Gulf of Papua, Papua New Guinea, depth 6-8 fathoms. Current status: Valid as Eubleekeria rapsoni (Munro 1964). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific, from scattered localities. Habitat: marine.

Species Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier, 1829) [=Equula splendens Cuvier [G.] 1829:212, Equula argentea De Vis [C. W.] 1884:542, Leiognathus devisi Whitley [G. P.] 1929:113, Fig. 2, Equula gomorah Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:80, Equula splendens var. novemaculeata Klunzinger [C. B.] 1880:379 [55], Equula ovalis De Vis [C. W.] 1884:543, Leiognathus philippinus Fowler [H. W.] 1918:15, Fig. 7, Equula simplex De Vis [C. W.] 1884:544, Leiognathus spilotus Fowler [H. W.] 1904:516, Pl. 14 (lower right fig.)] Notes: [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Chennai, India [original locality: Vizagapatam, India]. Current status: Valid as Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier 1829). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa, Madagascar and Mascarenes east to Philippines and Fiji, north to Ryukyu Islands and Taiwan, south to Kimberleys (Western Australia), Queensland (Australia) and New Caledonia. Habitat: brackish, marine. (argentea) [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4899] Cape York, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier 1829). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: marine. (devisi) [Records of the Australian Museum v. 17 (no. 3); ref. 4665] Cape York, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier 1829). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: marine. (gomorah) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Puducherry, India. Current status: Synonym of Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier 1829). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (novemaculeata) [Sitzungsberichte der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften. Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Classe v. 80 (1. Abth.) (nos 3-4); ref. 2624] Endeavour River, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier 1829). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (ovalis) [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4899] Cape York, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier 1829). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (philippinus) [Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia v. 70; ref. 1396] Philippines. Current status: Synonym of Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier 1829). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (simplex) [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4899] Cape York, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier 1829). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (spilotus) [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. Second series. v. 12 (pt 4); ref. 1367] Padang, Sumatra, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Eubleekeria splendens (Cuvier 1829). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. GENUS Gazza Ruppell, 1835 [=Gazza Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1835:3] Notes: [ref. 3844]. Gazza equulaeformis Rüppell 1835. Type by monotypy. The name Gazzinae 2011 is unavailable; no "new" is shown with it. The tribes Gazzini, Eubleekerini and Nuchequulini in the same work [ref. 33778] apparently also need the addition of "new" associated with them -- suggestion of R. van der Laan, Apr. 2014. But these changes were made in Apr. 2015 [ref. 33837]. •Valid as Gazza Rüppell 1835 -- (James 1978:168 [ref. 5317], Yabumoto et al. 1984 [ref. 6728], Uyeno & Yabumoto in Masuda et al. 1984:159 [ref. 6441], James 1985:397 [ref. 12861], Jones 1985:568 [ref. 21842], Smith 1986:620 [ref. 5712], Kimura et al. 2000:1 [ref. 24478], Yamashita & Kimura 2001:164 [ref. 25380], Woodland et al. 2001:2794 [ref. 26095], Kimura et al. 2003:221 [ref. 27212], Ataur Rahman 2003:362 [ref. 31338], Ikejima et al. 2004:904 [ref. 27755], Sparks & Dunlap 2004:2 [ref. 27928], Hoese & Bray 2006:1177 [ref. 29000], Chakrabarty & Sparks 2008:2 [ref. 29788], Chakrabarty et al. 2010:113 [ref. 31090], Abraham et al. 2011:16 [ref. 31311], Jawad & Al-mamry 2013:3 [ref. 32492], Kottelat 2013:338 [ref. 32989], Chakrabarty & Sparks 2015:298 [ref. 33837] as a tribe Gazzini). Current status: Valid as Gazza Rüppell 1835. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae.

Species Gazza achlamys Jordan & Starks, 1917 [=Gazza achlamys Jordan [D. S.] & Starks [E. C.] 1917:446, Pl. 45, Gazza shettyi Jayabalan [N.] 1986:42, Fig. 1] Notes: [Annals of the Carnegie Museum v. 11 (nos 3/4); ref. 10668] Colombo, Sri Lanka. Current status: Valid as Gazza achlamys Jordan & Starks 1917. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: brackish, marine. (shettyi) [Matsya No. 11 [for 1985]; ref. 8086] Porto Novo, Bay of Bengal, depth 30 meters. Current status: Synonym of Gazza achlamys Jordan & Starks 1917. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Gazza dentex (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) [=Equula dentex Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:91] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Mauritius, Mascarenes, southwestern Indian Ocean. Current status: Valid as Gazza dentex (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Seychelles and Mascarenes east to Indonesia, north to Thailand, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

Species Gazza minuta (Bloch, 1795) [=Scomber minutus Bloch [M. E.] 1795:110, Pl. 429 (fig. 2), Zeus argentarius Forster [J. R.] in Bloch & Schneider 1801:96, Gazza dispar De Vis [C. W.] 1884:542, Gazza equulaeformis Rüppell [W. P. E. S.] 1835:4, Pl. 1 (fig. 3), Scomber equula var. melliet Walbaum [J. J.] 1792:220, Caranxomorus pilitschei Lacepède [B. G. E.] 1802:709, 710, Gazza tapeinosoma Bleeker [P.] 1853:260] Notes: [Naturgeschichte der ausländischen Fische v. 9; ref. 464] Malabar [erroneous, is Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India.] Current status: Valid as Gazza minuta (Bloch 1795). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: East Africa and Natal (South Africa) and Madagascar east to Philippines and Society Islands, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northwestern Australia, Queensland (Australia), New Caledonia and Tonga. Habitat: brackish, marine. (argentarius) [M. E. Blochii, Systema Ichthyologiae; ref. 471] Pacific [Tanna = Tana Island, Vanuatu]. Current status: Synonym of Gazza minuta (Bloch 1795). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (dispar) [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4899] Cape York, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Synonym of Gazza minuta (Bloch 1795). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (equulaeformis) [Neue Wirbelthiere zu der Fauna von Abyssinien gehörig. Fische des Rothen Meeres; ref. 3844] Massawa, Eritrea, Red Sea. Current status: Synonym of Gazza minuta (Bloch 1795). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (melliet) [Petri Artedi sueci genera piscium Part 3; ref. 4572] Current status: Synonym of Gazza minuta (Bloch 1795). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (pilitschei) [Histoire naturelle des poissons (Lacepéde) v. 4; ref. 4929] Côte de Malabar [erroneous, is Tranquebar [Tharangambadi], India.] Current status: Synonym of Gazza minuta (Bloch 1795). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine. (tapeinosoma) [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 4 (no. 2); ref. 12580] Priaman, Sumatra, Indonesia; Jakarta, Java, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Gazza minuta (Bloch 1795). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Gazza rhombea Kimura et al., 2000 [=Gazza rhombea Kimura [S.], Yamashita [T.] & Iwatsuki [Y.] 2000:2, Fig. 1] Notes: [Ichthyological Research v. 47 (no. 1); ref. 24478] Fumauki Bay, Iriomote Island, Okinawa, Japan, 24°20'15"N, 123°44'20"E, depth about 50 meters. Current status: Valid as Gazza rhombea Kimura, Yamashita & Iwatsuki 2000. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Pakistan east to Philippines and Vanuatu, north to Ryukyu Islands, south to northern Australia. Habitat: marine.

Species Gazza squamiventralis Yamashita & Kimura, 2001 [=Gazza squamiventralis Yamashita [T.] & Kimura [S.] 2001:161, Figs. 1, 2A, 3A, 4A] Notes: [Ichthyological Research v. 48 (no. 2); ref. 25380] Kilindini Harbor, Mombasa, Kenya, depth about 4-13 meters. Current status: Valid as Gazza squamiventralis Yamashita & Kimura 2001. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Western Indian Ocean. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Karalla Chakrabarty & Sparks, 2008 [=Karalla Chakrabarty [P.] & Sparks [J. S.] 2008:7] Notes: [ref. 29788]. Fem. Equula daura Cuvier 1829. Type by original designation. •Valid as Karalla Chakrabarty & Sparks 2008 -- (Chakrabarty et al. 2010:116 [ref. 31090], Abraham et al. 2011:8 [ref. 31311], Kottelat 2013:338 [ref. 32989], Sparks & Chakrabarty 2015:187 [ref. 33740]). Current status: Valid as Karalla Chakrabarty & Sparks 2008. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae.

Species Karalla daura (Cuvier, 1829) [=Equula daura Cuvier [G.] 1829:212, Equula dacer Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:83] Notes: [Le Règne Animal (Edition 2) v. 2; ref. 995] Indian seas [Vizagapatam, India]. Current status: Valid as Karalla daura (Cuvier 1829). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Gulf of Aden to East Indian Region, to Molucca Islands, Indonesia and to the Philippines. Habitat: marine. (dacer) [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Sri Lanka. Current status: Synonym of Karalla daura (Cuvier 1829). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Karalla dussumieri (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) [=Equula dussumieri Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:77, Pl. 283] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Coromandel coast, southeastern India. Current status: Valid as Karalla dussumieri (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Madagascar, Réunion (Mascarenes) and India east to Indonesia and Philippines. Habitat: brackish, marine.

GENUS Nuchequula Whitley, 1932 [=Nuchequula (subgenus of Eubleekeria) Whitley [G. P.] 1932:109] Notes: [ref. 4675]. Fem. Equula blochii Valenciennes 1835. Type by original designation. •Valid as Nuchequula Whitley 1932 -- (Chakrabarty & Sparks 2007:4 [ref. 29266], Kimura et al. 2008:23 [ref. 29525], Kimura et al. 2008:202 [ref. 30867], Chakrabarty & Sparks 2008:2 [ref. 29788], Chakrabarty et al. 2010:115 [ref. 31090], Abraham et al. 2011:3 [ref. 31311], Kottelat 2013:340 [ref. 32989], Chakrabarty & Sparks 2015:298 [ref. 33837] as a tribe Nuchequulini, Sparks & Chakrabarty 2015:187 [ref. 33740]). Current status: Valid as Nuchequula Whitley 1932. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae.

Species Nuchequula blochii (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) [=Equula blochii Valenciennes [A.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:84, Leiognathus pan Wongratana [T.] 1988:496, Figs. 1-2] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Kerala State, India. Current status: Valid as Nuchequula blochii (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: northern Indian Ocean, Andaman Sea, Gulf of Thailand. Habitat: brackish, marine. (pan) [Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington v. 101 (no. 3); ref. 16291] Gulf of Thailand via Bangkok Wholesale Fish Market, Thailand. Current status: Synonym of Nuchequula blochii (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Gulf of Thailand (if valid). Habitat: marine.

Species Nuchequula flavaxilla Kimura et al., 2008 [=Nuchequula flavaxilla Kimura [S.], Kimura [R.] & Ikejima [K.] 2008:29, Fig. 2b, 4a, 5b, 7b, 10] Notes: [Ichthyological Research v. 55; ref. 29525] Banaate, Hoilo, Panay Island, Philippines. Current status: Valid as Nuchequula flavaxilla Kimura, Kimura & Ikejima 2008. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Phillipines. Habitat: marine.

Species Nuchequula gerreoides (Bleeker, 1851) [=Equula gerreoides Bleeker [P.] 1851:371, Equula decora De Vis [C. W.] 1884:543, Equula spiniceps Saville-Kent [W.] 1889:10] Notes: [Natuurkundig Tijdschrift voor Nederlandsch Indië v. 1 (no. 4); ref. 326] Jakarta, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Nuchequula gerreoides (Bleeker 1851). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine. (decora) [Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales v. 9 (pt 3); ref. 4899] Cape York, Queensland, Australia [Coral Sea, western Pacific]. Current status: Synonym of Nuchequula gerreoides (Bleeker 1851). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: marine. (spiniceps) [Preliminary Report of the Food-Fish of Queensland; ref. 18384] Current status: Synonym of Nuchequula gerroides (Bleeker 1851). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae.

Species Nuchequula glenysae Kimura et al., 2008 [=Nuchequula glenysae Kimura [S.], Kimura [R.] & Ikejima [K.] 2008:36, Figs. 2d, 3b, 5d, 7d, 14] Notes: [Ichthyological Research v. 55; ref. 29525] Gulf of Carpentaria, east of Wellesley Island, Queensland, Australia, 16°47'S, 139°51'E. Current status: Valid as Nuchequula glenysae Kimura, Kimura & Ikejima 2008. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Australia and eastern Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

Species Nuchequula longicornis Kimura et al., 2008 [=Nuchequula longicornis Kimura [S.], Kimura [R.] & Ikejima [K.] 2008:38, Figs. 2e, 4c, 5e, 7e, 15] Notes: [Ichthyological Research v. 55; ref. 29525] Off the coast of Sri Racha, Gulf of Thailand. Current status: Valid as Nuchequula longicornis Kimura, Kimura & Ikejima 2008. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Gulf of Thailand and Jakarta, Indonesia. Habitat: marine.

Species Nuchequula mannusella Chakrabarty & Sparks, 2007 [=Nuchequula mannusella Chakrabarty [P.] & Sparks [J. S.] 2007:5, Figs. 4, 5A] Notes: [American Museum Novitates No. 3588; ref. 29266] Tungshih Fish Market, 23°27'01"N, 120°08'19.3"E, Chiayi County, Taiwan. Current status: Valid as Nuchequula mannusella Chakrabarty & Sparks 2007. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: coastal waters of Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

Species Nuchequula nuchalis (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) [=Equula nuchalis Temminck [C. J.] & Schlegel [H.] 1845:126, Pl. 67 (fig. 1)] Notes: [Fauna Japonica Parts 7-9; ref. 4373] Nagasaki, Japan. Current status: Valid as Nuchequula nuchalis (Temminck & Schlegel 1845). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-Pacific: India, east to China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan. Habitat: marine.

GENUS Photolateralis Sparks & Chakrabarty, 2015 [=Photolateralis Sparks [J. S.] & Chakrabarty [P.] 2015:182] Notes: [ref. 33740]. Masc. Leiognathus stercorarius Evermann & Seale 1907 Type by original designation. •Valid as Photolateralis Sparks & Chakrabarty 2015 in tribe Equulitini. Current status: Valid as Photolateralis Sparks & Chakrabarty 2015. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae.

Species Photolateralis antongil (Sparks, 2006) [=Photoplagios antongil Sparks [J. S.] 2006:7, Figs. 3-4] Notes: [American Museum Novitates No. 3526; ref. 28783] Antongil Bay, Maroansetra market, Northeastern Madagascar. Current status: Valid as Photolateralis antongil (Sparks 2006). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Madagascar. Habitat: brackish, marine.

Species Photolateralis moretoniensis (Ogilby, 1912) [=Leiognathus moretoniensis Ogilby [J. D.] 1912:59] Notes: [Memoirs of the Queensland Museum v. 1; ref. 14855] Bulwer, Moreton Bay, off Moreton Island, Queensland, Australia. Current status: Valid as Photolateralis moretoniensis (Ogilby 1912). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific. Habitat: marine.

Species Photolateralis stercorarius (Evermann & Seale, 1907) [=Leiognathus stercorarius Evermann [B. W.] & Seale [A.] 1907:67, Fig. 6] Notes: [Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries v. 26 (Doc. 607) (for 1906); ref. 1285] Bulan, Sorsogon, Philippines. Current status: Valid as Photolateralis stercorarius (Evermann & Seale 1907). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Indo-West Pacific: Andaman Sea east to Philippines. Habitat: brackish, marine.

GENUS Photopectoralis Sparks et al., 2005 [=Photopectoralis Sparks [J. S.], Dunlap [P. V.] & Smith [W. L.] 2005:316] Notes: [ref. 28434]. Masc. Leiognathus aureus Abe & Haneda 1972. Type by original designation. •Valid as Photopectoralis Sparks, Dunlap & Smith 2005 -- (Yamanoue & Toda 2008:205 [ref. 29613], Chakrabarty & Sparks 2008:2 [ref. 29788], Chakrabarty et al. 2010:117 [ref. 31090], Abraham et al. 2011:10 [ref. 31311], Sparks & Chakrabarty 2015:187 [ref. 33740]). Current status: Valid as Photopectoralis Sparks, Dunlap & Smith 2005. Leiognathidae: Gazzinae.

Species Photopectoralis aureus (Abe & Haneda, 1972) [=Leiognathus aureus Abe [T.] & Haneda [Y.] 1972:3, Pl. 1 (figs. 1B, 2B)] Notes: [Science Report of the Yokosuka City Museum No. 19; ref. 7599] Ambon fish market, Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Photopectoralis aureus (Abe & Haneda 1972). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Mostly West Pacific, Indo-Australian Archipelago. Habitat: marine.

Species Photopectoralis bindus (Valenciennes, in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1835) [=Equula bindus Valenciennes [A.] (ex Russell) in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1835:78, Leiognathus virgatus Fowler [H. W.] 1904:515, Pl. 15 (lower right fig.)] Notes: [Histoire naturelle des poissons v. 10; ref. 1004] Locality not stated [Vizagapatam, India]. Current status: Valid as Photopectoralis bindus (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Red Sea, Indo-West Pacific: Gulf of Aden east to Philippines and Fiji, north to Taiwan and China, south to Western Australia and New Caledonia. Habitat: brackish, marine. (virgatus) [Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia. Second series. v. 12 (pt 4); ref. 1367] Padang, Sumatra, Indonesia. Current status: Synonym of Photopectoralis bindus (Valenciennes 1835). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Habitat: marine.

Species Photopectoralis hataii (Abe & Haneda, 1972) [=Leiognathus hataii Abe [T.] & Haneda [Y.] 1972:1, Pl. 1 (figs. 1A, 2A)] Notes: [Science Report of the Yokosuka City Museum No. 19; ref. 7599] Ambon fish market, Ambon Island, Molucca Islands, Indonesia. Current status: Valid as Photopectoralis hataii (Abe & Haneda 1972). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Western Pacific: Ambon Island only. Habitat: marine.

Species Photopectoralis panayensis (Kimura & Dunlap, in Kimura et al., 2003) [=Leiognathus panayensis Kimura [S.] & Dunlap [P. V.] in Kimura et al. 2003:229, Fig. 8] Notes: [Ichthyological Research v. 50 (no. 3); ref. 27212] Baranguay Parara Norte, Tigbauan, Iloilo, Panay Island, Philippines. Current status: Valid as Photopectoralis panayensis (Kimura & Dunlap 2003). Leiognathidae: Gazzinae. Distribution: Philippines. Habitat: marine.