Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 177 / Monday, September 14, 1998 / Proposed Rules 49065 other six plant taxa included in the not substantive evidence that these and the length and shape of perianth proposed rule with A. johnstonii are threats are sufficiently widespread to segments (sepals and petals). discussed in a separate Federal Register pose a significant threat. Some of these Allium tuolumnense is an erect, final rule published concurrently with plants are vulnerable to extirpation from herbaceous perennial of the lily family this withdrawal. random events due to their small (Liliaceae) that grows from underground population size, small numbers of References Cited bulbs. This species has fleshy, green populations, and/or small range but this A list of all references cited herein is entire leaves that reach a height of 25 to vulnerability, in and of itself, is not 50 centimeters (cm) (10 to 20 inches available upon request from the U.S. sufficient justification to warrant their Fish and Wildlife Service Carlsbad Fish (in)). The loose, 20 to 60 flowered, listing. Therefore, the Service finds that white- or pink-flushed inflorescence and Wildlife Office (see ADDRESSES the six plant species are not threatened section). appears in late March to early May. with extinction throughout all or a Allium tuolumnense differs from A. Author: The primary author of this significant portion of their ranges in the sanbornii and A. jepsonii in its entire, withdrawal notice is Gary Wallace, foreseeable future and do not meet the spreading perianth segments, fringed Carlsbad Field Office (see ADDRESSES definition of threatened or endangered ovarian bumps (processes), and early section). species. blooming period that does not overlap Authority DATES: This withdrawal is made on with any other Allium species within its September 14, 1998. The authority for this action is section range. Although this plant can ADDRESSES: The complete file for this 4(b)(6)(B)(ii) of the Endangered Species reproduce from seed, A. tuolumnense rule is available for public inspection, Act of 1973, as amended (16 U.S.C. 1531 tends to reproduce asexually from its by appointment, during normal business et seq.). underground bulb, forming small hours at the Sacramento Fish and colonies of usually fewer than 100 Dated: September 1, 1998. Wildlife Office, U.S. Fish and Wildlife plants per colony (BioSystems Analysis Jamie Rappaport Clark, Service, 3310 El Camino Avenue, Suite 1984). Allium tuolumnense is a highly Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 130, Sacramento, California 95821± restricted endemic that grows only on [FR Doc. 98±24503 Filed 9±11±98; 8:45 am] 6340. serpentine soils in the foothills of the BILLING CODE 4310±55±P FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Sierra Nevada Mountains in Diane Elam, Kenneth Fuller, or Dwight southwestern Tuolumne County Harvey at the above address or by between 400 and 600 meters (m) (1,310 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR telephone (916) 979±2120. to 1,970 feet (ft)) in elevation. Allium SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: Fish and Wildlife Service tuolumnense is known from four Background localitiesÐ Table Mountain, Quartz 50 CFR Part 17 Mountain, the Red Hills, and the On October 4, 1994, the U.S. Fish and Moccasin area. The entire range of the RIN 1018±AC99 Wildlife Service (Service) published in species comprises a 342 square the Federal Register (59 FR 50540) a kilometer (sq km) (132 square mile (sq Endangered and Threatened Wildlife proposal to list as endangered or and Plants; Withdrawal of Proposed mi)) area. Occupied habitat within the threatened 10 plant species from the range of the species is estimated to be Listing of Two Plants as Endangered, foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains and Four Plants as Threatened From approximately 388 hectares (ha) (960 in California. Included among these 10 acres (ac)) (California Natural Diversity the Foothills of the Sierra Nevada taxa were the six subject taxa of this Mountains in California Database (CNDDB) 1997). notice, Allium tuolumnense (Rawhide Approximately 25 percent of A. AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, Hill onion), Carpenteria californica tuolumnense occupied habitat is found (carpenteria), Fritillaria striata Interior. on private lands and 75 percent on (Greenhorn adobe lily), Lupinus citrinus ACTION: Proposed rule; withdrawal. lands administered by the Bureau of var. deflexus (Mariposa lupine), Land Management (BLM). At the time of SUMMARY: The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Mimulus shevockii (Kelso Creek the proposed rule, populations of A. Service (Service) withdraws the monkeyflower), and Navarretia setiloba tuolumnense were thought to be proposal to list Lupinus citrinus var. (Piute Mountains navarretia). The variously threatened by placer mining, deflexus (Mariposa lupine) and remaining four taxa, Brodiaea pallida urbanization, and potentially by Mimulus shevockii (Kelso Creek (Chinese Camp brodiaea), Calyptridium overgrazing. monkeyflower) as endangered species, pulchellum (Mariposa pussypaws), and Allium tuolumnense (Rawhide Hill Clarkia springvillensis (Springville John C. Fremont collected Carpenteria onion), Carpenteria californica clarkia), and Verbena californica (Red californica from an area in the Kings (carpenteria), Fritillaria striata Hills vervain), are addressed separately River watershed on his third expedition (Greenhorn adobe lily), and Navarretia in a final rule published concurrently to California in 1846. John Torrey (1852) setiloba (Piute Mountains navarretia) as with this notice. first described C. californica from threatened species under the Allium tuolumnense was first specimens sent to him by John Fremont. Endangered Species Act of 1973, as recognized as distinct by Marion The species is the only member of the amended (Act). The Service finds that Ownbey (Munz and Keck 1959), who genus Carpenteria, one of California's available information does not support referred to it as Allium sanbornii var. many endemic genera that are relicts the listing of these species as tuolumnense, although the first valid without close relatives. The genus endangered or threatened. While current published description of the plant was probably had a wider range in early and future urbanization, off-highway by Hamilton P. Traub (1972). Stella Tertiary time (Barbour and Major 1988). vehicle (OHV) use, agricultural land Dension and Dale McNeal (1989) An estimated one-third of the total conversion, potential overgrazing, and/ revised the A. sanbornii qcomplex and distribution of species has been lost to or trampling variously threaten some elevated the variety to a species based habitat loss and/or alteration since the populations of these six taxa, there is upon the position of stamens and styles species was discovered in the 1840's 49066 Federal Register / Vol. 63, No. 177 / Monday, September 14, 1998 / Proposed Rules (California Department Fish and Game Nature Conservancy (TNC). At the time F. striata was thought to be variously (CDFG) 1989). Although land and road of the proposed rule, C. californica was threatened by urbanization, agricultural development appear to have been major thought to be variously threatened by land conversion, road widening, causes of past habitat losses and urbanization, fire management, emergency road maintenance, fragmentation, pending development overgrazing and/or trampling by cattle, inadequate State regulatory proposals are insufficient to pose a and inadequate State regulatory mechanisms, livestock use, competition substantial threat of further losses and mechanisms, and to be potentially from non-native grasses, and OHV use. degradation of occupied habitat. threatened by illegal dumping, highway Joseph Congdon (1904) described Carpenteria californica belongs to the construction, maintenance of road Lupinus deflexus from specimens that mock orange family (Philadelphaceae). rights-of-way activities, and competition he collected near Mariposa Creek in The species is an erect to spreading from native brush species. Mariposa County in 1903. Willis Jepson evergreen shrub, growing to 1 to 2 m (3 Alice Eastwood (1931) described (1936) revised the treatment of this to 6.5 ft) in height. Some individuals Fritillaria striata from specimens species and reduced the plant to varietal grow to 4 m (13 ft) tall. Plants have collected by Roy Weston on the status, Lupinus citrinus var. deflexus. glossy green, opposing leaves, and Rattlesnake Grade in the Greenhorn Lupinus citrinus var. deflexus is an smooth pale bark that peels in large Mountains of Kern County. Fritillaria is erect, diffusely-branched annual herb sheets in the late summer. Terminal, a genus of slender, herbaceous, bulb- belonging to the pea family (Fabaceae). white, showy flowers appear in May or forming perennials in the lily family The 3 to 5 decimeter (dm) (12 to 20 in) June and last through July at higher (Liliaceae). An unbranched stem grows high plants are short, hairy to hairless, elevations. Carpenteria californica 5 to 10 cm (2 to 4 in) above the surface and have palmately compound leaves requires fire for seed germination and of the ground from an underground that are 15 to 25 mm (0.5 to 1.0 in) long. reduction of competition, and rest from bulb. The underground, spherical bulb The six to nine leaflets are about one- grazing for three years after germination is found 20 to 35 cm (8 to 13 in) deep third as wide as they are long and are to facilitate longterm survival. underground and is 15 to 20 millimeters linear or spatulate in shape with Carpenteria californica is found along (mm) (0.6 to 0.8 in) in diameter. The rounded or obtuse tips. White flowers drainages and mesic areas on mostly predominantly basal, alternate to that may have pink or lavender tips granitic soils from 460 to 1,220 m (1,500 opposite leaves are oblong to lance- appear from April through May. to 4,000 ft) within the chaparral and shaped, 1 to 2 cm (0.4 to 0.8 in) wide Lupinus citrinus var. deflexus grows woodland communities of the western and 6 to 10 cm (2 to 4 in) long. The on decomposed granitic sands on foothills of the Sierra Nevada Mountains upper leaves are narrower and undulate.