Morphological Development of Embryo, Larvae and Juvenile in Yellowtail Kingfish, Seriola Lalandi

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Morphological Development of Embryo, Larvae and Juvenile in Yellowtail Kingfish, Seriola Lalandi Dev. Reprod. Vol. 20, No. 2, 131~140, June, 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.12717/DR.2016.20.2.131 ISSN 2465-9525 (Print) ISSN 2465-9541 (Online) Morphological Development of Embryo, Larvae and Juvenile in Yellowtail Kingfish, Seriola lalandi Sang Geun Yang1, Sang Woo Hur2, Seung Cheol Ji1, Sang Gu Lim1, Bong Seok Kim1, Minhwan Jeong1, Chi Hoon Lee2 and †Young-Don Lee2 1Jeju Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Jeju 63610, Korea 2Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea ABSTRACT : This study monitored the morphological development of embryo, larvae and juvenile yellowtail kingfish, Seriola lalandi, for their aquaculture. The fertilized eggs obtained by natural spawning were spherical shape and buoyant. Fertilized eggs were transparent and had one oil globule in the yolk, with an egg diameter of 1.35 ± 0.04 mm and an oil globule diameter of 0.32 ± 0.02 mm. The fertilized eggs hatched 67–75 h after fertilization in water at 20 ± 0.5°C. The total length (TL) of the hatched larvae was 3.62 ± 0.16 mm. During hatching, the larvae, with their mouth and anus not yet opened. The yolk was completely absorbed 3 days after hatching (DAH), while the TL of post-larvae was 4.72 ± 0.07 mm. At 40 DAH, the juveniles had grown to 30.44 ± 4.07 mm in TL, body depth increased, the body color changed to a black, yellow, and light gray-blue color, and 3–4 vertical stripes appeared. At 45 DAH, the juveniles were 38.67 ± 5.65 mm in TL and 10.10 ± 0.94 mm in body depth. The fish were green with a light orange color, with 7 faint green-brown stripes on the sides of their body. At 87 DAH, the juveniles had grown to 236.11 mm in TL, 217.68 mm in fork length, and 136.5 g in weight. The fish resembled their adult form, with a light yellow-green body color, loss of the pattern on the sides of their body, and a yellow coloration at the tip of the caudal fin. Key words : Yellowtail kingfish, Seriola lalandi, Fertilized egg, Larva, Juvenile INTRODUCTION States (Nakada, 2008). There are currently 4 known species of Seriola off the waters of Japan (Nakabo, 1993), of which There are 12 species of yellowtail (Seriola spp.) worldwide yellowtail, yellowtail kingfish (S. lalandi), and greater amber- (family Carangidae, order Perciformes, subclass Actinopterygii) jack are farmed. Between 1979 and 1998, approximately (Nakada, 2008). There are 3 known species of Seriola 150,000 tonnes of yellowtail were produced in Japan every inhabiting the coasts of South Korea: yellowtail kingfish (S. year, despite seed production for yellowtail kingfish (S. lalandi), yellowtail (S. quinqueradiata), and greater amberjack lalandi) still being under development (Nakada, 2000; (S. dumerili) (Kim et al., 2001). Yellowtail kingfish (S. Nakada, 2002). Yellowtail farming in Australia and New lalandi) occur throughout the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Zealand began in early 2000; seed production there is Oceans, and in waters surrounding Japan and the United currently in progress (Poortenaar et al., 2001). Yellowtail Manuscript received May 05, 2016, Received in revised form May 08, 2016, Accepted May 15, 2016 † Corresponding Author : Young-Don Lee, Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea. Tel. : +82-64-782-8922, Fax : +82-64- 783-6066, E-mail: [email protected] This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http:// creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Ⓒ Copyright an Official Journal of the Korean Society of Developmental Biology. All Rights Reserved. 131 SG Yang, SW Hur, SC Ji, SG Lim, BS Kim, M Jeong, CH Lee, Y-D Lee kingfish (S. lalandi) are diadromous, and have great value June, when the water temperature was 20.5°C. worldwide as a fish for cultivation and for the leisure fishing industry. They are spring-summer spawning fish, and the 2. Egg morphology and development greater amberjack shows oocytes from different stages of In order to observe the morphology of yellowtail kingfish ovary development, suggesting that they spawn multiple (S. lalandi) eggs, and the development processes in fertilized times during a single spawning period (Nakada, 2008). eggs, a pipette was used to collect 1 mL of fertilized eggs, Research has been conducted on embryo development which were retrieved immediately after natural spawning. of S. lalandi inhabiting the coasts of Australia and New These were moved to 2,000 mL beakers and managed in a Zealand (Moran et al., 2007b), as well as those inhabiting still water system in a tank heated by an Aquarium Heater the coasts of Japan (Fujita & Yogata, 1984). There has also Green Bio (BS-5000, Dong Woo Electronic). The water was been research into the growth of juvenile S. lalandi (Fujita changed twice daily, with 50% new filtered seawater. Aeration & Yogata, 1984), and the morphological development of was not performed. The water temperature during embryo the digestive tract in juveniles (Chen et al., 2006a, b). However, development was 20 ± 0.5°C. The time required for each the only research into developmental biology on yellowtail stage of development after fertilization was defined as the kingfish (S. lalandi) in South Korea has been a single study time when at least 80% of the developmental stage was on induction of maturation and spawning characteristics. complete. Mean values were recorded from 3 repetitions. This study aimed to explore developmental biological Observations were made using a stereoscopic dissection information for use in the rearing management of yello- microscope (Nikon, SMZ745T). wtail kingfish (S. lalandi) for seed production. To this end, we describe the development process in fertilized eggs, as well 3. Management of water quality and supply of feed as the growth, morphological development, and swimming for seed rearing characteristics of juvenile yellowtail kingfish (S. lalandi) For the rearing of yellowtail kingfish (S. lalandi) seed, according to age after hatching. We also aimed to devise naturally spawned fertilized eggs were collected and reared methods for the management of seed rearing. in an indoor tank (5.5 m × 5.0 m × 1.3m, capacity 27.5 m3) at the Future Aquaculture Research Center, National MATERIALS AND METHODS Fisheries Research and Development Institute. Throughout the rearing period, the water temperature was maintained 1. Acquisition of fertilized eggs at 21.6 ± 1.0°C, while the salt content of the water was The yellowtail kingfish (S. lalandi) used in this study 32.1 ± 0.7%. consisted of 59 individuals (6.1–14.9 kg), which had been Food supply during the juvenile rearing period was as caught from the wild off the coast of Jeju, South Korea. follows: from 2 DAH, the juveniles were supplied with They were subsequently raised in a concrete indoor tank rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis) that had been cultured in (6.0 m × 6.0 m × 2.0 m, capacity 100 m3) at the Future concentrated Chlorella extract (Daesang, Korea) and enriched Aquaculture Research Center, National Fisheries Research for 8 hours with Bio DHA Marine Glos (Marineglos Co., and Development Institute in South Korea. The fertilized Japan). From 8 DAH, the juveniles were provided with eggs gathered were naturally spawned between early May Artemia nauplius that had been enriched with SELCO 2014, when the water temperature was 17.0°C, and mid- (INVE, Belgium) for 8 hours. From 12 DAH, the juveniles 132 Dev. Reprod. Vol. 20, No. 2 June, 2016 Morphological Development of Embryo, Larvae and Juvenile in Yellowtail Kingfish were provided with an initial mixed particulate feed, with study were slightly larger, at 1.388 ± 0.041 mm and 0.378 the size of the feed increasing sequentially. Finally, from ± 0.029 mm, respectively. The egg diameter and oil globule 25 DAH, the juveniles were supplied with striped beakfish diameter for S. lalandi in California were reported as 1.36 hatchlings (Oplegnathus fasciatus). ± 0.03 mm and 0.29 ± 0.02 mm in 2009, respectively, and as 1.40 ± 0.05 mm and 0.31 ± 0.05 mm in 2010 (Stuart & 4. Observing the morphological development of Drawbridge, 2012). Measurements for S. lalandi in New juveniles Zealand were 1.40 ± 0.04 mm and 0.31 ± 0.01 mm (Moran The morphological development of juveniles was observed et al, 2007a, b). In the present study, the egg diameter for S. and measured to a precision of 0.01 mm using a stereoscopic lalandi in Korea can be considered similar to the California or dissecting microscope (Nikon, Nikon, SMZ 745T) and a pro- the New Zealand yellowtail kingfish (S. lalandi), but the file projector (PJ300, Mitutoyo). Immediately after hatching, oil globule diameter tended to be slightly larger than those 5 individuals were collected at random each day and anesthe- species. tized using low temperatures and MS-222 Sandoz (Tricaine methanesulfonate). Stages of juvenile morphological deve- 2. Embryonic development lopment were distinguished according to Russell (1976). Fertilized eggs that had been induced by natural spawning (Fig. 1A) formed a blastodisc (1-cell stage) 40 min post- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION fertilization (p.f.) (Fig. 1B). This blastodisc divided to form the 2-cell stage at 1 h 12 min p.f. (Fig. 1C). The 4- Developmental biological information about the early cell stage was formed by cleavage at 1 h 46 min p.f. (Fig. life of fish, including the development of embryos and 1D), and reached the 8-cell stage by 2 h 25 min p.f. (Fig. juveniles, is an important factor in understanding the life 1E).
Recommended publications
  • Skeletal Development and Mineralization Pattern of The
    e Rese tur arc ul h c & a u D q e A v e f l o o Mesa-Rodríguez et al., J Aquac Res Development 2014, 5:6 l p a m n Journal of Aquaculture r e u n o t DOI: 10.4172/2155-9546.1000266 J ISSN: 2155-9546 Research & Development Research Article OpenOpen Access Access Skeletal Development and Mineralization Pattern of the Vertebral Column, Dorsal, Anal and Caudal Fin Complex in Seriola Rivoliana (Valenciennes, 1833) Larvae Mesa-Rodríguez A*, Hernández-Cruz CM, Socorro JA, Fernández-Palacios H, Izquierdo MS and Roo J Aquaculture Research Group, Science and Technology Park, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, P. O. Box 56, 35200 Telde, Canary Islands, Spain Abstract Bone and fins development in Seriola rivoliana were studied from cleared and stained specimens from 3 to 33 days after hatching. The vertebral column began to mineralize in the neural arches at 4.40 ± 0.14 mm Standard Length (SL), continued with the haemal arches and centrums following a cranial-caudal direction. Mineralization of the caudal fin structures started with the caudal rays by 5.12 ± 0.11 mm SL, at the same time that the notochord flexion occurs. The first dorsal and anal fin structures were the hard spines (S), and lepidotrichium (R) by 8.01 ± 0.26 mm SL. The metamorphosis was completed by 11.82 ± 0.4 mm SL. Finally, the fin supports (pterygiophores) and the caudal fins were completely mineralized by 16.1 ± 0.89 mm SL. In addition, the meristic data of 23 structures were provided.
    [Show full text]
  • Seriola Dumerili (Greater Amberjack)
    UWI The Online Guide to the Animals of Trinidad and Tobago Diversity Seriola dumerili (Greater Amberjack) Family: Carangidae (Jacks and Pompanos) Order: Perciformes (Perch and Allied Fish) Class: Actinopterygii (Ray-finned Fish) Fig. 1. Greater amberjack, Seriola dumerili. [http://portal.ncdenr.org/web/mf/amberjack_greater downloaded 20 October 2016] TRAITS. The species Seriola dumerili displays rapid growth during development as a juvenile progressing to an adult. It is the largest species of the family of jacks. At adulthood, S. dumerili would typically weigh about 80kg and reach a length of 1.8-1.9m. Sexual maturity is achieved between the age of 3-5 years, and females may live longer and grow larger than males (FAO, 2016). S. dumurili are rapid-moving predators as shown by their body form (Fig. 1) (FLMNH, 2016). The adult is silvery-bluish in colour, whereas the juvenile is yellow-green. It has a characteristic goldish side line, as well as a dark band near the eye, as seen in Figs 1 and 2 (FAO, 2016; MarineBio, 2016; NCDEQ, 2016). DISTRIBUTION. S. dumerili is native to the waters of Trinidad and Tobago. Typically pelagic, found between depths of 10-360m, the species can be described as circumglobal. In other words, it is found worldwide, as seen in Fig. 3, though much more rarely in some areas, for example the eastern Pacific Ocean (IUCN, 2016). Due to this distribution, there is no threat to the population of the species, despite overfishing in certain locations. Migrations do occur, which are thought to be linked to reproductive cycles.
    [Show full text]
  • Morphological Development of Embryo, Larvae and Juvenile in Yellowtail Kingfish, Seriola Lalandi
    Dev. Reprod. Vol. 20, No. 2, 109~118, June, 2016 http://dx.doi.org/10.12717/DR.2016.20.2.109 ISSN 2465-9525 (Print) ISSN 2465-9541 (Online) Morphological Development of Embryo, Larvae and Juvenile in Yellowtail kingfish, Seriola lalandi Sang Geun Yang1, Sang Woo Hur2, Seung Cheol Ji1, Sang Gu Lim1, Bong Seok Kim1, Minhwan Jeong1, Chi Hoon Lee2 and †Young-Don Lee2 1Jeju Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Jeju 63610, Korea 2Marine Science Institute, Jeju National University, Jeju 63333, Korea ABSTRACT : This study monitored the morphological development of embryo, larvae and juvenile yellowtail kingfish, Seriola lalandi, for their aquaculture. The fertilized eggs obtained by natural spawning were spherical shape and buoyant. Fertilized eggs were transparent and had one oil globule in the yolk, with an egg diameter of 1.35 ± 0.04 mm and an oil globule diameter of 0.32 ± 0.02 mm. The fertilized eggs hatched 67–75 h after fertilization in water at 20 ± 0.5°C. The total length (TL) of the hatched larvae was 3.62 ± 0.16 mm. During hatching, the larvae, with their mouth and anus not yet opened. The yolk was completely absorbed 3 days after hatching (DAH), while the TL of post-larvae was 4.72 ± 0.07 mm. At 40 DAH, the juveniles had grown to 30.44 ± 4.07 mm in TL, body depth increased, the body color changed to a black, yellow, and light gray-blue color, and 3–4 vertical stripes appeared. At 45 DAH, the juveniles were 38.67 ± 5.65 mm in TL and 10.10 ± 0.94 mm in body depth.
    [Show full text]
  • © Iccat, 2007
    A5 By-catch Species APPENDIX 5: BY-CATCH SPECIES A.5 By-catch species By-catch is the unintentional/incidental capture of non-target species during fishing operations. Different types of fisheries have different types and levels of by-catch, depending on the gear used, the time, area and depth fished, etc. Article IV of the Convention states: "the Commission shall be responsible for the study of the population of tuna and tuna-like fishes (the Scombriformes with the exception of Trichiuridae and Gempylidae and the genus Scomber) and such other species of fishes exploited in tuna fishing in the Convention area as are not under investigation by another international fishery organization". The following is a list of by-catch species recorded as being ever caught by any major tuna fishery in the Atlantic/Mediterranean. Note that the lists are qualitative and are not indicative of quantity or mortality. Thus, the presence of a species in the lists does not imply that it is caught in significant quantities, or that individuals that are caught necessarily die. Skates and rays Scientific names Common name Code LL GILL PS BB HARP TRAP OTHER Dasyatis centroura Roughtail stingray RDC X Dasyatis violacea Pelagic stingray PLS X X X X Manta birostris Manta ray RMB X X X Mobula hypostoma RMH X Mobula lucasana X Mobula mobular Devil ray RMM X X X X X Myliobatis aquila Common eagle ray MYL X X Pteuromylaeus bovinus Bull ray MPO X X Raja fullonica Shagreen ray RJF X Raja straeleni Spotted skate RFL X Rhinoptera spp Cownose ray X Torpedo nobiliana Torpedo
    [Show full text]
  • New Insights Into the Molecular Evolution of Metazoan Peroxiredoxins
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Archivio istituzionale della ricerca - Università di Padova Invited Review ACTA ZOOLOGICA BULGARICA Acta zool. bulg., 67 (2), 2015: 305-317 New Insights into the Molecular Evolution of Metazoan Peroxiredoxins RIGE R S BAKIU 1*, GIANF R ANCO SANTOVITO 2 1 Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries, Agricultural University of Tirana, Koder Kamez, 1029 Tirana, Albania; E-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Biology, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy Abstract: Peroxiredoxins (Prx) are enzymes present in all biological kingdoms, from bacteria to animals. The oxi- dised active site cysteine of Prx can be reduced by a cellular thiol, thus enabling Prx to function as a peroxidase. Peroxiredoxins have been object of an increasing interest for its pivotal role in cell defence and as conserved markers for circadian rhythms in metabolism across all three phylogenetic domains (Eukarya, Bacteria and Archaea). Metazoan cells express six Prx isoforms that are localised in various cellular compartments. Using bioinformatics tools, based on Bayesian approach, we analysed the phylo- genetic relationships among metazoan Prxs, with the aim to acquire new data on the molecular evolution of these proteins. Peroxiredoxin molecular evolution analyses were performed by the application of Mr. Bayes and HyPhy software to the coding and protein sequences of deuterostomes and protostomes. The obtained results confirmed that the molecular evolution of metazoan Prx was peculiar and suggested that the positive selection may had operated for the evolution of these proteins and a purifying selection was present during this process.
    [Show full text]
  • Capture-Based Aquaculture of Yellowtail
    199 Capture-based aquaculture of yellowtail Makoto Nakada Tokyo University of Marine Science and Technology Tokyo, Japan E-mail: [email protected] Nakada, M. 2008. Capture-based aquaculture of yellowtail. In A. Lovatelli; P.F. Holthus (eds). Capture-based aquaculture. Global overview. FAO Fisheries Technical Paper. No. 508. Rome, FAO. pp. 199–215. SUMMARY The 2004 production of cultured yellowtail (Seriola spp.) in Japan from 1 288 enterprises was 150 028 tonnes valued at ¥111.2 billion (US$1.334 billion). Yellowtail mariculture has developed remarkably due to the abundant supply and low price of wild-caught juveniles (Mojako) and sardines used as the main fish feed of fishmeal component. Hatchery produced yellowtail seed are far more expensive. Other critical elements that supported the growth of yellowtail farming include the existence of abundant suitable culture sites along the Japanese coast and innovative technical developments. The history of yellowtail culture in Japan began over 70 years ago. Before that, fishers cultured undersized fish in ponds and sold them when they reached marketable size. This utilization of bycatch (undersized fish) was accepted by the public, particularly as unmarketable fish were often used as fertilizer or livestock feed. Currently aquaculture production for many species exceeds that landed from capture fisheries. Some commercial culture trials on amberjack have been undertaken in Taiwan Province of China, Mexico and Vietnam, but no successes have been achieved with raising yellowtail. The main constraints include diseases and low production costs in tropical areas. In contrast, the culture of Seriola spp. is promising due to their strong vitality and rapid growth, and may well expand at the global level through hatchery-produced juveniles.
    [Show full text]
  • Long-Distance Transoceanic Rafting Communities on Tsunami Marine Debris 東日本大震災による津波にともなう漂着瓦礫がもたらした 海洋無脊椎動物の越境移動について
    Long-Distance Transoceanic Rafting Communities on Tsunami Marine Debris 東日本大震災による津波にともなう漂着瓦礫がもたらした 海洋無脊椎動物の越境移動について TUMSAT, Shinagawa Campus May 18, 2017 James T. Carlton (Williams College) John Chapman Oregon State University Jonathan Geller Moss Landing Marine Laboratories Jessica Miller Oregon State University Gregory Ruiz Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Our first “meeting” (encounter) in North America with Japanese Tsunami Marine Debris (JTMD): June 5, 2012, in Oregon • On the morning of Tuesday, June 5, 2012 • 451 days (14.5 months) after March 11, 2011 …….. • Morning beach walkers reported that a “large dock” had floated ashore just north of, Newport, Oregon Port of Misawa, built 2008 7,000 km journey across the Pacific Ocean 2.2 meters 20 meters 5.8 meters Mediterranean mussel Wakame Mytilus galloprovincialis Undaria pinnatifida Inside the dock: Seastar Asterias amurensis Examples of coastal organisms on “Misawa 1”: Landed Agate Beach, Oregon, June 4, 2012 Sea urchin Temnotrema sculptum Sea cucumber Havelockia Seastar Asterias Shore crab versicolor Semibalanus amurensis Hemigrapsus Megabalanus ECHINODERMS sanguineus cariosus rosa Crab BARNACLES Sea squirts Oedignathus Styela sp. inermis Oyster Crassostrea Jassa marmorata, Jingle shell Kelp Ampithoe valida, gigas128 species arrived Anomia Undaria Halichondria Caprella spp. Cytaeum on Misawpinan a1tifida and 3 other AMPHIPODS (chinensis) and 29 species other species SPONGES BRYOZOANS: of algae Chiton Clam Tricellaria, Mopalia Hiatella orientalis Cryptosula HYDROIDS spp.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Consequences of Marine Debris: Understanding Large-Scale Species Transport on Tsunami Debris and Research Priorities in Oregon
    AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Reva Gillman for the degree of Master of Science in Marine Resource Management presented on September 5, 2018. Title: Ecological Consequences of Marine DeBris: Understanding Large-Scale Species Transport on Tsunami DeBris and Research Priorities in Oregon Abstract approved: ______________________________________________________ Jessica A. Miller The release of marine deBris into the oceans and seas is a global issue of growing concern. These materials are harmful to marine environments and can also transport non-native species to novel habitats. Non-native species floating on marine litter is one of the lesser known impacts associated with marine deBris. In fact, nearly 300 living coastal marine species traveled thousands of kilometers on debris items from the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami and reached the Hawaiian Archipelago and North American coast. It is unclear if marine deBris provides a novel transport vector that transports additional species or simply an assemblage similar to one transported on other known vectors, such as hull fouling, ballast water, and aquaculture. Therefore, I characterized the distributional, environmental, and life history traits of the species identified on Japanese tsunami debris with (n=36) and without (n=61) prior transport on known anthropogenic vectors to determine if there are distinct traits associated with species that are transported on anthropogenic vectors. A more detailed comparison of species traits was then completed among the four, most commonly reported prior vectors ballast water, hull fouling, aquaculture, and natural rafting and secondary spread (defined as the transport of organisms through drifting currents, where the species are directly in the water column, or traveling on floating natural rafts), to characterize traits that may make species more amenaBle to transport on specific vectors.
    [Show full text]
  • Shallow Seamounts Represent Speciation Islands for Circumglobal
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Shallow seamounts represent speciation islands for circumglobal yellowtail Seriola lalandi Sven Kerwath1,2,8*, Rouvay Roodt‑Wilding3, Toufek Samaai2,4, Henning Winker1, Wendy West1, Sheroma Surajnarayan5, Belinda Swart3, Aletta Bester‑van der Merwe3, Albrecht Götz6, Stephen Lamberth1,7 & Christopher Wilke1 Phenotypic plasticity in life‑history traits in response to heterogeneous environments has been observed in a number of fshes. Conversely, genetic structure has recently been detected in even the most wide ranging pelagic teleost fsh and shark species with massive dispersal potential, putting into question previous expectations of panmixia. Shallow oceanic seamounts are known aggregation sites for pelagic species, but their role in genetic structuring of widely distributed species remains poorly understood. The yellowtail kingfsh (Seriola lalandi), a commercially valuable, circumglobal, epipelagic fsh species occurs in two genetically distinct Southern Hemisphere populations (South Pacifc and southern Africa) with low levels of gene‑fow between the regions. Two shallow oceanic seamounts exist in the ocean basins around southern Africa; Vema and Walters Shoal in the Atlantic and Indian oceans, respectively. We analysed rare samples from these remote locations and from the South African continental shelf to assess genetic structure and population connectivity in S. lalandi and investigated life‑history traits by comparing diet, age, growth and maturation among the three sites. The results suggest that yellowtail from South Africa and the two seamounts are genetically and phenotypically distinct. Rather than mere feeding oases, we postulate that these seamounts represent islands of breeding populations with site‑specifc adaptations. Seamounts have long been known as aggregation sites for large pelagic fshes such as tuna, billfshes and sharks1.
    [Show full text]
  • Seriola Lalandi Dorsalis), Technological Advances Towards the Development of the Aquaculture Sector
    Quantifying Digestion in California Yellowtail (Seriola lalandi dorsalis), Technological Advances Towards the Development of the Aquaculture Sector The Graduate Division The University of Hawai‘i at Hilo In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science: Tropical Conservation Biology and Environmental Science Hilo, Hawai’i December 2016 By: George Rod Parish IV Thesis Committee: Armando Garciaa Charles Farwellbc Luke Gardnerbd Kevin Hopkinsa Barbara Blockbd a Pacific Aquaculture & Coastal Resources Center, College of Agriculture, Forestry and Natural Resource Management, University of Hawaii at Hilo, 1079 Kalanianaole Ave., Hilo, HI 96720, United States b Tuna Research and Conservation Center, 886 Cannery Row, Monterey, CA 93940, USA c Monterey Bay Aquarium, 886 Cannery Row, Monterey, CA 93940, USA d Biology Department, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, 120 Ocean View Blvd, Pacific Grove, CA 93950, USA Table of Contents Acknowledgements ......................................................................................................................... iv List Of Figures .................................................................................................................................. vi List Of Tables .................................................................................................................................. vii Chapter 1: Introduction ................................................................................................................. 1 I. Yellowtail
    [Show full text]
  • Fao Species Catalogue
    FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125, Volume 2 FIR/S125 Vol. 2 FAO SPECIES CATALOGUE VOL. 2 SCOMBRIDS OF THE WORLD AN ANNOTATED AND ILLUSTRATED CATALOGUE OF TUNAS, MACKERELS, BONITOS, AND RELATED SPECIES KNOWN TO DATE UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS FAO Fisheries Synopsis No. 125, Volume 2 FIR/S125 Vol. 2 FAO SPECIES CATALOGUE VOL. 2 SCOMBRIDS OF THE WORLD An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Tunas, Mackerels, Bonitos and Related Species Known to Date prepared by Bruce B. Collette and Cornelia E. Nauen NOAA, NMFS Marine Resources Service Systematics Laboratory Fishery Resources and Environment Division National Museum of Natural History FAO Fisheries Department Washington, D.C. 20560, USA 00100 Rome, Italy UNITED NATIONS DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS Rome 1983 The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. M-42 ISBN 92-5-101381-0 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Applications for such permission, with a statement of the purpose and extent of the reproduction, should be addressed to the Director, Publications Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Via delle Terme di Caracalla, 00100 Rome Italy.
    [Show full text]
  • Large Interannual Variability of Spawning in San Diego's Marine
    1 Large interannual variability of spawning in San Diego’s marine protected areas captured by 2 molecular identification of fish eggs 3 4 Elena Maria Duke*, Alice E. Harada, Ronald S. Burton 5 Marine Biology Research Division 6 Scripps Institution of Oceanography 7 8 University of California, San Diego 9 10 La Jolla, CA 92093-0202 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 1*Corresponding author: [email protected] 2 Interannual variability of fish spawning 27Abstract 28 Long-term monitoring of marine ecosystems is critical to assessing how global processes 29such as natural environmental variation and climate change affect marine populations. 30Ichthyoplankton surveys provide one approach to such monitoring. We conducted weekly fish 31egg collections off the Scripps Institution of Oceanography Pier (La Jolla, CA, USA) for three 32years (2014-2017) and added a second sampling site near the La Jolla kelp forest for one year 33(2017). Fish eggs were identified using DNA barcoding and data were compared to previous 34work from Pier surveys from 2012-2014. We documented large interannual variability in fish egg 35abundance associated with climatic fluctuations, including an El Niño event captured during our 36sampling years. Overall egg abundance was reduced by > 50% during periods of anomalously 37warm water in 2014-2016. Fish egg abundance rebounded in 2017 and was accompanied by a 38phenological shift of peak spawning activity. We found interannual fish egg abundance may be 39linked with upwelling regimes and winter temperatures. Across the period of joint sampling, we 40found no distinct differences in community composition between the Pier (soft bottom) and kelp 41forest habitat we sampled (2 km distant).
    [Show full text]