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Renewable Energy Our Planet Volume 16 No 4 The magazine of the United Nations Environment Programme Renewable eneRgy P. J. Patterson Abundant Potential Takashi Tomita Ultimate Energy amory b. lovins Small is Powerful Hermann Scheer Prima Donna Power Marcelo Poppe & Isaías Macedo Sugar Solution elena Merle-béral Waking the Giant Our Planet Our Planet www.ourplanet.com 24 Sugar Solution Marcelo Poppe, former Secretary of State for Energy Development of Brazil and Isaías Macedo, former Director, Sugar Cane Technology Centre Helmut Clever/UNEP/Still Pictures 26 Climbing the Ladder Okwy Iroegbu, Head of the Environment/Property Desk, NewAge Newspapers, Lagos, 3 Editorial 11 People Nigeria Klaus Toepfer, Executive Director, UNEP 12 Ultimate Energy 28 Clearing Away Carbon Takashi Tomita, Corporate Director Peter Read, Massey University, 4 Abundant Potential and Group General Manager of Solar New Zealand P.J. Patterson, Systems Group, SHARP Corporation Prime Minister of Jamaica 30 Evolve with us! 13 Books & Products Elissa Smith, President, 6 The Energy Numbers Game Canadian Youth Environmental Monique Barbut, Director, UNEP 14 At a Glance: Renewables Network and North American Division of Technology, Industry and Representative, TUNZA Youth Economics 16 Prima Donna Power Advisory Council Hermann Scheer, President of 8 Small is Powerful EUROSOLAR and General Amory B. Lovins, co-founder and Chairman of the World Council for CEO, Rocky Mountain Institute Renewable Energy (WCRE) 18 Falling Water, Rising Power Richard Taylor, Executive Director, International Hydropower Association 20 Waking the Giant Elena Merle-Béral, analyst, International Energy Agency Joerg Boethling/Still Pictures 22 Blowing in the Wind Also available on the internet at Kalpana Sharma, Deputy Editor and www.ourplanet.com Chief, The Hindu, Mumbai Bureau Jose Roig Vallespir/UNEP/Still Pictures The contents of this magazine do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of UNEP or the editors, nor are they an official record. The designations employed and the presentation do not imply the expressions, opinion whatsoever on the part of UNEP concerning the legal status of any Our Planet, the magazine of the country, territory or city or its authority, concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. United Nations Environment The non-copyrighted contents of this magazine may be reprinted without charge provided that Our Programme (UNEP) Planet and the authors or photographer concerned are credited as the source and the editors are PO Box 30552 Nairobi, Kenya Tel: (254 20)621 234 notified in writing and sent a voucher copy.Our Planet welcomes articles, reviews, illustrations and Fax: (254 20)623 927 photos for publication but cannot guarantee that they will be published. Unsolicited manuscripts, e-mail: [email protected] photographs and artwork will not be returned. Subscriptions: If you wish to receive Our Planet www.unep.org on a regular basis and are not currently on the mailing list, please contact Mani Kebede, Circulation Manager, Our Planet for subscription details giving your name and address and your preferred ISSN 101-7394 language (English, French or Spanish). Change of address: Please send your address label together Director of Publication: Eric Falt with your new address to Mani Kebede, Circulation Manager Our Planet UNEP, PO Box 30552 Editor: Geoffrey Lean Nairobi, Kenya. Coordinators: Naomi Poulton, Elisabeth Waechter Special Contributor: Nick Nuttall * All dollar ‘$’ amounts refer to US dollars. Circulation Manager: Manyahleshal Kebede Design: Sharon Chemai UNEP promotes environmentally friendly practices globally and in its own activi- Production: UNEP/DCPI ties.This magazine is printed on 100% recycled, chlorine free paper. Front cover: Peter Lewis/UNEP /Topfoto Our Planet Our Planet fuels. These developments both save carbon and create new jobs From the desk of and industries: some half dozen new silicon wafer factories are being built around the world to KlauS support the boom in solar panels. The Montreal meeting also ToePfeR opened the door for the CDM to take up energy efficiency activities United Nations arising, for example, from Under-Secretary- deliberate public sector measures General and or private sector initiatives — a potentially significant development Executive Director, in areas from housing to transport. UNEP The World Energy Outlook 2004 estimates that energy efficiency UNEP alone could account for close to cross the developing world, is somewhere around five cents a 70 per cent of the energy-related countries are beginning kilowatt hour, with solar and wave emission reductions “attainable Ato see the way the wind is power costing some 18 to 20 cents. through policies and measures in blowing. Once it was believed that These figures are considerably developing countries.” only one per cent of their area was lower than a decade or so ago but suitable for windpower. Now new generally still higher than those Concrete proposals satellite and computer modeling for conventional fossil fuels. But under the UNEP Solar and Wind they are only part of the story. Many developed nations use about Energy Resource Assessment, 45 per cent less energy to generate shows some nations enjoy much Economic argument each unit of GDP than in the 1970s, greater potential. Forty per cent of yet there are huge opportunities to Nicaragua, Mongolia and Vietnam Many developed countries have go much further. To take just one are suitable for example and enacted measures that weight example, the standby power of could provide as much as 40,000 the economic argument towards electrical appliances ranges from megawatts in capacity — the less carbon intensive energy 0.5 to 10 watts. The International equivalent of 40 nuclear power generation. New business mo- Energy Agency believes this plants. dels are emerging that favour could be standardised at one watt renewables, partly to exploit — saving an estimated five to ten Potential projects higher and more volatile oil prices. per cent of total electricity used in Some new energy companies in the developed country homes. The findings of the almost $10 United States, for example, offer I believe that in Montreal we got million project with funding from big retailers fixed-price electricity back the political will, creativity and the Global Environment Facility contracts in return for installing flair needed to progress the fight are already shaping development and maintaining solar panels on against climate change. Energy policies. Nicaragua’s National the roofs of their supermarkets will be central to our discussions Assembly has decreed that wind and warehouses. Moreover, though at the 9th Special Session of power should be given priority solar electricity may be more UNEP’s Governing Council/Global over other options, while China has expensive, its price is relatively Ministerial Environment Forum in used them to boost its windpower stable – often a big attraction. Dubai, which coincides with this target to 20 gigawatts by 2020. issue of Our Planet. I hope that, Amid many important decisions Huge interest in the same spirit, we can take at December’s climate change talks the debate forward there, and in Montreal, Canada, Governments New technologies are making it back it with creative and concrete agreed to strengthen and stream- easier to manage and maximize proposals n line the Clean Development the advantages of renewables. Mechanism (CDM). One of the Newly developed meters allow Yo ur Views pillars of the Kyoto Protocol, this power companies to charge more We would like to receive your feed- allows developed countries to during the heat of the day when back on the issues raised on this offset some of their greenhouse electricity demand is highest — edition of Our Planet. Please either gas emissions through projects and when solar generates most e-mail: [email protected] — including renewables — in electricity. Wind turbines taller or write to: developing ones. It is clear from than 80 metres — able to catch Feedback, Our Planet the Assessment that there is no higher and more stable winds — Division of Communications and shortage of potential projects. have also been developed. And the The economics of renewables decline in agricultural subsidies is Public Information, UNEP are improving. The cost of triggering huge interest in biofuels PO Box 30552, Nairobi generating electricity from wind for blending with traditional vehicle KenyA Our Planet Our Planet amaica is one of the highest future exploitation. Since 1995, the energy intensive user countries in Petroleum Corporation of Jamaica has Jthe Caribbean, currently 90 per abundant conducted wind speed assessments at cent dependent on fossil fuel sources various sites. Wigton in the parish of to meet its needs. In 2004, it consumed Manchester proved to be most feasible 26.1 million barrels of imported oil and a 20.7 MW wind power plant was valued at $943.4 million, approximately Potential constructed. Twenty-three turbines 23 per cent of the country’s GDP. The producing 900kW were commissioned high cost of oil in the international P. J. Patterson in late April 2004, and now supply the market means the cost of importing it describes how developing Jamaica Public Service with an average is projected at $1billion for 2005. This, renewable sources and 7 MW of power. coupled with the country’s pattern of energy conservation is The Executive Board of the Clean energy consumption, is unsustainable charting his country’s Development Mechanism approved and presents a major
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