A Contemporary Exploration of Canadian Political Poetry in English

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

A Contemporary Exploration of Canadian Political Poetry in English POETS ON THE HILL POETS ON THE HILL: A CONTEMPORARY EXPLORATION OF CANADIAN POLITICAL POETRY IN ENGLISH By NICOLAS DESROCHES, HONOURS B.A. A Thesis Submitted to the School of Graduate Studies in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts McMaster University © Copyright by Nicolas DesRoches, September 2013 McMaster University MASTER OF ARTS (2013) Hamilton, Ontario (English) TITLE: Poets on the Hill: A Contemporary Exploration of Canadian Political Poetry in English AUTHOR: Nicolas DesRoches, Honours B.A. (York University) SUPERVISOR: Professor Jeffery Donaldson NUMBER OF PAGES: vii, 124 ii Abstract In this thesis, I investigate Canadian poetry that is explicitly about the political (politicians, political parties, or political policies) written in English. As no research of this type has occurred previously, I begin by defining political poetry and its aims in Canada and then progress through an examination of three collections of poetry and one poem: The Blasted Pine ; Howl Too, Eh?; and Rogue Stimulus . This allows for a comprehensive look at how political poetry has evolved in Canada from a pointed and critical genre that aims to mock and argue to a more subtle, playful genre that utilizes parody and wit. It also demonstrates the evolution and complication of voice in political poetry, given that each poem contains not only the voice of the poet and the speaker, but also the public and the political. I argue that political poetry in Canada is not poetry as dissent, protest, or witness, but rather poetry as inquiry/commission (in the political sense). This definition relies on the fact that Canadian political poetry seeks to ascribe accountability for political actions and decisions and utilizes the poet as spokesperson, speaking for the public to the political (and the public in turn). Canadian political poetry hence arises out of a demand from the public, much like political inquiries do, and through the satirical use of politically correct language and explicit political references calls for action from the political sphere and the public. I further argue that poetry as inquiry also comments on the public itself (including the author/speaker as a member of that public) and that because political poetry is transideological and can operate from any position in relation to the political hegemony, it allows for a critical discussion of all political positions in a relatively bipartisan manner, much like the authorship of political commissions and inquiries. iii Acknowledgements I would first off like to thank Dr. Jeffery Donaldson for his patience, understanding, and ability to inspire me to keep working even when I thought things seemed to be getting unmanageable. I would also like to thank Dr. Lorraine York for her valuable insight and flexibility in meeting and discussing my work. A big thank you goes to Heather Sloan for her editing skills and for motivating me to keep going and keep pushing the envelope, to Davide Almeida for always keeping me accountable even at 8:00am, and to Caitlinn Skye Walker for her faith in me and my work. I would also like to thank my mom, Hélène DesRoches, who has always told me to pursue my interests, even if no one else shares them. Special thanks to Michael Helm and Priscila Uppal at York University for starting me down this path and encouraging me to look where others had not, even if CR Avery's "Trudeau" didn't make the final cut. As well, I would like to acknowledge the contributions of Stephen Brockwell, Stuart Ross, Ken Norris, Gary Geddes, and Endre Farkas in the completion of this thesis - their insight and commentary was invaluable in contextualizing the poems and works referenced herein and I greatly appreciated being able to communicate with each of them about political poetry. iv Table of Contents Chapter 1 -- Wellington Wall and the Queen's Gate: Introduction and Terms .................... 1 Drafting the British North America Act -- Terminology ................................................. 7 The London Conference -- Collections Under Consideration ........................................ 11 Chapter 2 -- The Centennial Flame: The Blasted Pine ...................................................... 16 Chapter 3 -- Centre Block: Howl Too, Eh? ........................................................................ 53 Chapter 4 -- The Peace Tower: Rogue Stimulu s ................................................................ 61 Chapter 5 -- Parliament Hill: Conclusion .......................................................................... 86 Works Cited ....................................................................................................................... 90 Appendix 1 -- Poems ......................................................................................................... 94 Appendix 2 -- Correspondence ........................................................................................ 114 v List of All Abbreviations and Acronyms AOC -- Anatomy of Criticism (see Works Cited) HTE -- Howl Too, Eh? (see Works Cited) NDP -- New Democratic Party RS -- Rogue Stimulus (see Works Cited) TBP -- The Blasted Pine , as republished in 1967 (unless otherwise indicated -- see Works Cited) TBG -- The Bush Garden (see Works Cited) TEI -- The Educated Imagination (see Works Cited) vi Declaration of Academic Achievement The work contained herein has been written based on research done by myself, Nicolas DesRoches, and hence all opinions are solely my own. Any and all errors are also my own, unless otherwise indicated. This research has been completed under the guidance of Dr. Jeffery Donaldson, Dr. Lorraine York, and Dr. Grace Kehler. The poems found in Appendix 1 are copyright of each respective author and are replicated here for reference purposes. The correspondence found in Appendix 2 occurred between myself, Nicolas DesRoches, and poets as noted with their permission and the permission of the McMaster Ethics Board. vii MA Thesis -- N. DesRoches; McMaster University -- English Chapter 1 -- Wellington Wall and the Queen's Gate: Introduction and Terms It is often said that Canada is a 'mixed salad' country, a nation filled with diverse groups of people who come from all nations and walks of life. It is no surprise then that Canadian poets seem to write, for the most part, with an eye to politics occurring in other countries. Whereas writing and publishing in Canada is hardly a political act or one involving great dissent, writers are often persecuted in other countries for their work, especially if it is critical of the powers that be. To this extent, Canadian poets writing about international issues are enabling a voice that may otherwise be silenced: an international poetic of politics rather than one that is specific to Canada. This act is crucial to the worldwide body of poetics and to political activism and agency, and by no means should it be marginalized or undervalued -- in the contemporary age of the global village and multiculturalism, giving voice to those who have none is just as important as having a voice. However, my focus will be on contemporary Canadian poems about the political in Canada. While there is no active suppression by the government or powers that be, no public harming of poets or writers who dissent from official government position on the issues 'at home', there is a culture of apathy that resonates from both the general public and the government which effectively acts to silence political poetics in Canada. As Margaret Atwood says in "Notes Towards a Poem That Can Never be Written," in Canada you can write about what you want because no one is paying attention to what our poets are saying anyway (ll. 58-60). On top of international political pressures that Canadian writers seek to address, there is the omnipresence of the United States, and 1 MA Thesis -- N. DesRoches; McMaster University -- English often "[the Canadian poet] must write out of an acute consciousness of a political history that make[s them] both the guardian and celebrant of our difference from the United States and its remarkable homogenizing apparatus" (Geddes 4). Canadian poets then (at least those who choose to engage with the political) often have at least five competing sources of conflict or subject: Canada, the provincial/regional/local, the United States, regions of conflict and suppression, and their familial nation of heritage. There is no prescriptive judgement in choosing any of these sources over the other, and indeed some of the most challenging Canadian poetry deals with issues that resonate within Canada's borders but do not originate there (Dionne Brand's Inventory for example). Even Gary Geddes himself, who recognized the effect the United States has on Canadian poets, wrote a critical poem about the shooting at Kent State 1. This is not to say that only Canadian poets are 'afflicted' with this call to write beyond our borders -- one would be hard-pressed to find poets who only wrote about their own country of residence. That said, Canada seems to be uniquely situated in that many of its poets do not write about the political events that happen within Canada. Compilations of explicitly political poems are rare, and outside of very localized writing (most notably in Québec), most poets do not overtly speak to the political, or if they do, it is not a frequent practice. It would be incorrect to say that the political is ignored altogether -- some of Canada's most renowned poets such as Margaret Atwood and Al Purdy
Recommended publications
  • Building a Reliable Storage Stack
    Building a Reliable Storage Stack Ph.D. Thesis David Cornelis van Moolenbroek Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, 2016 This work was supported by the European Research Council Advanced Grant 227874. This work was carried out in the ASCI graduate school. ASCI dissertation series number 355. Copyright © 2016 by David Cornelis van Moolenbroek. ISBN 978-94-028-0240-5 Cover design by Eva Dienske. Printed by Ipskamp Printing. VRIJE UNIVERSITEIT Building a Reliable Storage Stack ACADEMISCH PROEFSCHRIFT ter verkrijging van de graad Doctor aan de Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, op gezag van de rector magnificus prof.dr. V. Subramaniam, in het openbaar te verdedigen ten overstaan van de promotiecommissie van de Faculteit der Exacte Wetenschappen op maandag 12 september 2016 om 11.45 uur in de aula van de universiteit, De Boelelaan 1105 door David Cornelis van Moolenbroek geboren te Amsterdam promotor: prof.dr. A.S. Tanenbaum To my parents Acknowledgments This book marks the end of both a professional and a personal journey–one that has been long but rewarding. There are several people whom I would like to thank for accompanying and helping me along the way. First and foremost, I would like to thank my promotor, Andy Tanenbaum. While I was finishing up my master project under his supervision, he casually asked me “Would you like to be my Ph.D student?” during one of our meetings. I did not have to think long about the answer. Right from the start, he warned me that I would now have to conduct original research myself; only much later did I understand the full weight of this statement.
    [Show full text]
  • Free Software Philosophy, History and Practice
    Introduction (and some quick reminders) History and philosophy Legal aspects Free Software Philosophy, history and practice Luca Saiu [email protected] http://ageinghacker.net GNU Project Screencast version Paris, October 2014 Luca Saiu <[email protected]> Free Software — Philosophy, history and practice Introduction (and some quick reminders) History and philosophy Legal aspects Introducing myself I’m a computer scientist living and working somewhere around Paris... ...and a GNU maintainer. I’m also an associate member of the Free Software Foundation, a fellow of the Free Software Foundation Europe and an April adherent. So I’m not an impartial observer. Luca Saiu <[email protected]> Free Software — Philosophy, history and practice Introduction (and some quick reminders) History and philosophy Legal aspects Contents 1 Introduction (and some quick reminders) 2 History and philosophy The hacker community The GNU Project and the Free Software movement Linux and the Open Source movement 3 Legal aspects Copyright Free Software licenses Luca Saiu <[email protected]> Free Software — Philosophy, history and practice Introduction (and some quick reminders) History and philosophy Legal aspects Reminders about software — source code vs. machine code Source code vs. machine code Quick demo Luca Saiu <[email protected]> Free Software — Philosophy, history and practice Programs are linked to libraries static libraries shared libraries Libraries (or programs) request services to the kernel Programs invoke with other programs Programs communicate with other programs... ...on the same machine ...over the network We’re gonna see that this has legal implications. Introduction (and some quick reminders) History and philosophy Legal aspects Reminders about software — linking In practice, programs don’t exist in isolation.
    [Show full text]
  • The Flask Security Architecture: System Support for Diverse Security Policies
    The Flask Security Architecture: System Support for Diverse Security Policies Ray Spencer Secure Computing Corporation Stephen Smalley, Peter Loscocco National Security Agency Mike Hibler, David Andersen, Jay Lepreau University of Utah http://www.cs.utah.edu/flux/flask/ Abstract and even many types of policies [1, 43, 48]. To be gen- erally acceptable, any computer security solution must Operating systems must be flexible in their support be flexible enough to support this wide range of security for security policies, providing sufficient mechanisms for policies. Even in the distributed environments of today, supporting the wide variety of real-world security poli- this policy flexibility must be supported by the security cies. Such flexibility requires controlling the propaga- mechanisms of the operating system [32]. tion of access rights, enforcing fine-grained access rights and supporting the revocation of previously granted ac- Supporting policy flexibility in the operating system is cess rights. Previous systems are lacking in at least one a hard problem that goes beyond just supporting multi- of these areas. In this paper we present an operating ple policies. The system must be capable of supporting system security architecture that solves these problems. fine-grained access controls on low-level objects used to Control over propagation is provided by ensuring that perform higher-level functions controlled by the secu- the security policy is consulted for every security deci- rity policy. Additionally, the system must ensure that sion. This control is achieved without significant perfor- the propagation of access rights is in accordance with mance degradation through the use of a security decision the security policy.
    [Show full text]
  • The Publishing of a Poet: an Empirical Examination of the Social Characteristics of Canadian Poets As Revealed in Small Press Literary Magazines
    The Publishing of a Poet: An Empirical Examination of the Social Characteristics of Canadian Poets as Revealed in Small Press Literary Magazines by Diane Monique Barlee B.A., University of Victoria, 2008 A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS in the Department of Sociology ! Diane Monique Barlee, 2011 University of Victoria All rights reserved. This thesis may not be reproduced in whole or in part, by photocopy or other means, without the permission of the author. ii Supervisory Committee The Publishing of a Poet: An Empirical Examination of the Social Characteristics of Canadian Poets as Revealed in Small Press Literary Magazines by Diane Monique Barlee B.A., University of Victoria, 2008 Supervisory Committee Dr. Richard Ogmundson (Department of Sociology) Supervisor Dr. Peyman Vehabzadeh (Department of Sociology) Departmental Member Dr. Iain Macleod Higgins (Department of English) Outside Member iii Abstract Supervisory Committee Dr. Richard Ogmundson (Department of Sociology) Supervisor Dr. Peyman Vehabzadeh (Department of Sociology) Departmental Member Dr. Iain Macleod Higgins (Department of English) Outside Member This thesis is an exploratory examination of the social characteristics of 139 poets featured in a selection of five small press Canadian literary journals. The investigation charts and analyzes the demographics of 64 poets who were published in 1967, and 75 poets who were published in four small press literary magazines in 2010. The 2010 magazines were purposely sampled as representatives of specific geographical areas in Canada (i.e., the West Coast, the Prairies, Central Canada, and the East Coast). The results indicate that in 1967 female poets were less likely to be published; however, 43 years later, this bias has been rectified.
    [Show full text]
  • Index to the Tamarack Review
    The Tamarack Review ROBERT WEAVER, IVON M. OWEN, WILLIAM TOYE WILLIAM KILBOURNE, JOHN ROBERT COLOMBO, KILDARE DOBBS AND JANIS RAPOPORT Issue 1 Issue 21 Issue 41 Issue 62 Issue 2 Issue 22 Issue 42 Issue 63 Issue 3 Issue 23 Issue 43 Issue 64 Issue 4 Issue 24 Issue 44 Issue 65 Issue 5 Issue 25 Issue 45 Issue 66 Issue 6 Issue 26 Issue 46 Issue 67 Issue 7 Issue 27 Issue 47 Issue 68 Issue 8 Issue 28 Issue 48 Issue 69 Issue 9 Issue 29 Issue 49 Issue 70 Issue 10 Issue 30 Issue 50-1 Issue 71 Issue 11 Issue 31 Issue 52 Issue 72 Issue 12 Issue 32 Issue 53 Issue 73 Issue 13 Issue 33 Issue 54 Issue 74 Issue 14 Issue 34 Issue 55 Issue 75 Issue 15 Issue 35 Issue 56 Issue 76 Issue 16 Issue 36 Issue 57 Issue 77-8 Issue 17 Issue 37 Issue 58 Issue 79 Issue 18 Issue 38 Issue 59 Issue 80 Issue 19 Issue 39 Issue 60 Issue 81-2 Issue 20 Issue 40 Issue 61 Issue 83-4 ISBN 978-1-55246-804-3 The Tamarack Review Index Volume 81-84 “109 Poets.” Rosemary Aubert article 81- Bickerstaff 83-84:40 82:94-99 “Concerning a Certain Thing Called “A Deposition” J.D. Carpenter poem 81- Houths” Robert Priest poem 81- 82:8-9 82:68-69 “A Mansion in Winter” Daniel David “Control Data” Chris Dewdney, poem, Moses poem 81-82:30-31 81-82:21 “Above an Excavation” Al Moritz poem “Croquet” Al Moritz poem 83-84:98 83-84:99 “Daybook” Ken Cathers poem 81-82:10- “Again” Al Moritz poem 83-84:101 11 “Air Show” J.D.
    [Show full text]
  • Montreal Poet Seymour Mayne Remembers His Friend Leonard Cohen
    BY SEYMOUR MAYNE Leonard was holding court at the front table unit of the café on upper Stanley Street one Sunday in 1960, when our mutual friend, the poet Henry Moscovitch, ushered me forward to meet him. He was twenty-six that spring, the lion of the McGill University arts crowd, and I was a high school student aged sixteen. I had just entered the Canadian literary world, small as it was then, having published several poems in The Canadian Forum. THE The first sight of the debonair figure, with two beautiful young women who flanked him on his left and right side, remains framed in my memory. He must have said something encouraging to me. And that is how our long friendship began. As he grew older, the strength of affection and respect he inspired in his old Montreal friends increased in depth and intensity. When he left us this November, he was still that gracious Davidic figure. How Jewish was Leonard Cohen? He had no way not to be, born into the unique Montreal Jewish community, sandwiched as it was between the French-speaking working-class quartiers to the east and the English- speaking middle-class suburbs to the west. While Yiddish was the first language of many Jewish immigrants in the SEYMOUR MAYNE MAYNE SEYMOUR working-class neighbourhoods of Montreal, it did not have the same currency among the wealthier members Montreal poet Seymour Mayne of the community. Leonard’s home was not suffused with the expressive language. At school he studied mainly BET in English, with French added as a second language.
    [Show full text]
  • CHEZ NOUS a Staged-Reading Series Showcasing English-Language Drama in Quebec (1930-1979)
    CHEZ NOUS A Staged-Reading Series Showcasing English-Language Drama in Quebec (1930-1979) EVENING TWO “HE SAID X, SHE ASKED, WHY” Director: Eda Holmes, Artistic and Executive Director of Centaur Theatre Stage Manager: Aida Jamil Produced by Professor Erin Hurley, Department of English, McGill University in collaboration with Playwrights’ Workshop Montréal and research team members Alison Bowie (Concordia University), Alexis Diamond, and Emma Tibaldo (PWM). A Man Was Killed by Irving Layton and Leonard Cohen (1959) Henderson: Jean Marchand* Jeff: Ryan Bommarito* Mort: Alain Goulem* Eve: Lucinda Davis* Pig: Alex Petrachuk* Blackie: Josh Johnston* Cupid: Sophie-Thérèse Stone-Richards* Napoleon: Ryan Bommarito* Stage-directions: Rebecca Gibian A Man Was Killed is read with the kind permission of the estates of Irving Layton and Leonard Cohen. Big X Little Y by Elinore Siminovitch (1974) Lori: Rebecca Gibian* John: Ryan Bommarito* Woman 1: Lucinda Davis* Woman 2: Sophie-Therese Stone-Richards* Woman 3: Alex Petrachuk* Man 1: Jean Marchand* Man 2: Alain Goulem* Man 3: Josh Johnston* Big X, Little Y is read with the kind permission of the estate of Elinore Siminovitch. *The participation of these Artists is arranged by permission of Canadian Actors’ Equity Association under the provisions of the Dance•Opera•Theatre Policy. A Man was Killed by Irving Layton and Leonard Cohen (1959) Synopsis: A Man was Killed is a black comedy about violence and the breakdown of human social interaction. The play intertwines the lives of people living in the same Montreal neighbourhood, as they fail to connect with each other in a meaningful way. A Man Was Killed, one of Cohen’s few dramatic works, was co- written with his friend, fellow poet and fellow Montrealer, Irving Layton, in the winter of 1959, before Cohen travelled to Greece.
    [Show full text]
  • Bushnell Family Genealogy, 1945
    BUSHNELL FAMILY GENEALOGY Ancestry and Posterity of FRANCIS BUSHNELL (1580 - 1646) of Horsham, England And Guilford, Connecticut Including Genealogical Notes of other Bushnell Families, whose connections with this branch of the family tree have not been determined. Compiled and written by George Eleazer Bushnell Nashville, Tennessee 1945 Bushnell Genealogy 1 The sudden and untimely death of the family historian, George Eleazer Bushnell, of Nashville, Tennessee, who devoted so many years to the completion of this work, necessitated a complete change in its publication plans and we were required to start anew without familiarity with his painstaking work and vast acquaintance amongst the members of the family. His manuscript, while well arranged, was not yet ready for printing. It has therefore been copied, recopied and edited, However, despite every effort, prepublication funds have not been secured to produce the kind of a book we desire and which Mr. Bushnell's painstaking work deserves. His material is too valuable to be lost in some library's manuscript collection. It is a faithful record of the Bushnell family, more complete than anyone could have anticipated. Time is running out and we have reluctantly decided to make the best use of available funds by producing the "book" by a process of photographic reproduction of the typewritten pages of the revised and edited manuscript. The only deviation from the original consists in slight rearrangement, minor corrections, additional indexing and numbering. We are proud to thus assist in the compiler's labor of love. We are most grateful to those prepublication subscribers listed below, whose faith and patience helped make George Eleazer Bushnell's book thus available to the Bushnell Family.
    [Show full text]
  • AHS 02 02 Content 20140102
    Advances in Historical Studies, 2013, 2, 19-104 Published Online June 2013 in SciRes (http://www.scirp.org/journal/ahs/) TABLE OF CONTENTS Volume 2 Number 2 June 2013 Letter from Chief-Managing Editorial Staff ARTICLES The Roots of the Theoretical Models of the Nanotechnoscience in the Electric Circuit Theory V. Gorokhov……………………………………………………………..…………………………………………………………………………19 Reflections on the Scientific Conceptual Streams in Leonardo da Vinci and His Relationship with Luca Pacioli R. Pisano……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………32 Reclaiming Realism for the Left: Gar Alperovitz and the Decision to Use the Atomic Bomb P. N. Kirstein……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………………46 MISCELLANEA Megalithism and Tribal Ritualism: A Passage through the Kurumbas of Attappadi M. Poyil…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………54 Temple as the Site of Struggle: Social Reform, Religious Symbols and the Politics of Nationalism in Kerala M. R. Manmathan……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………57 Communities Inferred from the Books of Samuel in the Old Testament of the Bible W. Hu………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………70 Les Châteaux de Landiras et de Montferrand and Their Seigneurial Families D. A. Bailey………………………………………………………………………………………………………...………………………………81 ESSAY REVIEW Borderland Theory as a Conceptual Framework for Comparative Local US and Canadian History C. Parham…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………94 Jacket: L’histoire comme images d’autres mondes [The history as images
    [Show full text]
  • The Flask Security Architecture: System Support for Diverse Security Policies
    The Flask Security Architecture: System Support for Diverse Security Policies Ray Spencer Secure Computing Corporation Stephen Smalley, Peter Loscocco National Security Agency Mike Hibler, David Andersen, Jay Lepreau University of Utah http://www.cs.utah.edu/flux/flask/ Abstract and even many types of policies [1, 43, 48]. To be gen­ erally acceptable, any computer security solution must Operating systems must be flexible in their support be flexible enough to support this wide range of security for security policies, providing sufficient mechanisms for policies. Even in the distributed environments of today, supporting the wide variety of real-world security poli­ this policy flexibility must be supported by the security cies. Such flexibility requires controlling the propaga­ mechanisms of the operating system [32]. tion of access rights, enforcing fine-grained access rights and supporting the revocation of previously granted ac­ Supporting policy flexibility in the operating system is cess rights. Previous systems are lacking in at least one a hard problem that goes beyond just supporting multi­ of these areas. In this paper we present an operating ple policies. The system must be capable of supporting system security architecture that solves these problems. fine-grained access controls on low-level objects used to Control over propagation is provided by ensuring that perform higher-level functions controlled by the secu­ the security policy is consulted for every security deci­ rity policy. Additionally, the system must ensure that sion. This control is achieved without significant perfor­ the propagation of access rights is in accordance with mance degradation through the use of a security decision the security policy.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Groningen Souvenirs Et Découvertes Den Toonder, Jeanette
    University of Groningen Souvenirs et découvertes den Toonder, Jeanette Published in: Canadian Literature IMPORTANT NOTE: You are advised to consult the publisher's version (publisher's PDF) if you wish to cite from it. Please check the document version below. Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Publication date: 2006 Link to publication in University of Groningen/UMCG research database Citation for published version (APA): den Toonder, J. (2006). Souvenirs et découvertes: Janine Ricouart and Roseanna L. Dufault Les secrets de la Sphinxe: Lectures de l’œuvre d’Anne-Marie Alonzo. Éditions du Remue-Ménage, Louise Desjardins and Mona Latif-Ghattas Momo et Loulou. Éditions du Remue-Ménage . Canadian Literature, (191), 125- 126. Copyright Other than for strictly personal use, it is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Take-down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Downloaded from the University of Groningen/UMCG research database (Pure): http://www.rug.nl/research/portal. For technical reasons the number of authors shown on this cover page is limited to 10 maximum. Download date: 12-11-2019 191CanLitWinter2006-4 1/23/07 1:04 PM Page 1 Canadian Literature/ Littératurecanadienne A Quarterly of Criticism and Review Number , Winter Published by The University of British Columbia, Vancouver Editor: Laurie Ricou Associate Editors: Laura Moss (Reviews), Glenn Deer (Reviews), Kevin McNeilly (Poetry), Réjean Beaudoin (Francophone Writing), Judy Brown (Reviews) Past Editors: George Woodcock (1959–1977), W.H.
    [Show full text]
  • Dalrev Vol67 Iss4 Pp425 435.Pdf (5.693Mb)
    Larry McDonald The Politics of Influence: Birney, Scott, Livesay and the Influence of Politics The immediate focus of this essay is the manner in which most criti­ cism of Dorothy Livesay, Frank Scott and Ear le Birney has worked to obscure the influence of politics on their writing. More specifically (because the actual extent of political influence must be set aside for the moment), my aim is to demonstrate that dominant critical approaches have foreclosed any possibility of political influence on the writing by disguising, diminishing or eliminating the role that politics played in their lives. The narrow question of how these writers have been packaged for general consumption is best appreciated, however, if viewed as representative of the way that criticism has neglected a key aspect of Canadian literary history. I refer to a suppressed tradition of affiliations, remarkable in both range and intensity, between Cana­ dian writers and socialist ideology. The affiliations between our writers and socialist thought have taken many different forms: some have declared their socialist sympa­ thies in essays and journalism (Archibald Lampman, Margaret Lau­ rence, Kenneth Leslie); some worked long and hard for left-wing organizations or political parties (Earle Birney for the Trotskyists, Dorothy Lives ay for the Communists, Frank Scott for the CCF I NDP, David Fennario for the Socialist Labour Party); some stood for politi­ cal office (F. P. Grove, A. M. Klein, Phyllis Webb, Robin Mathews); some were involved with literary journals that promoted a socialist aesthetic (John Sutherland, Irving Layton, Louis Dudek, Patrick Anderson, Milton Acorn, Al Purdy, Miriam Waddington, Margaret Atwood).
    [Show full text]