February 22, 2016 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE S915 Unit was a precursor to the U.S. Navy aided by the networks established and infor- There being no objection, the Senate SEALs. The OSS Operational Groups and mation acquired by the OSS to guide Allied proceeded to consider the resolution. Jedburghs were forerunners to U.S. Army landings. Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I Special Forces. The 801st/492nd Bombard- (15) OSS Operation Halyard rescued more ment Group (‘‘Carpetbaggers’’) were pro- than 500 downed airmen trapped behind ask unanimous consent that the reso- genitors to the Air Force Special Operations enemy lines in Yugoslavia, one of the most lution be agreed to, the preamble be Command. The Marines who served in the daring and successful rescue operations of agreed to, and the motions to recon- OSS, including the actor Sterling Hayden (a World War II. sider be considered made and laid upon Silver Star recipient), Col. William Eddy (a (16) OSS ‘‘Mercy Missions’’ at the end of the table with no intervening action or Distinguished Service Cross recipient who World War II saved the lives of thousands of debate. was described as the ‘‘nearest thing the Allied prisoners of war whom it was feared The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without United States has had to a Lawrence of Ara- would be murdered by the Japanese. objection, it is so ordered. bia’’), and Col. Peter Ortiz (a two-time Navy (17) The handful of surviving men and Cross recipient), were predecessors to the women of the OSS whom General Donovan The resolution (S. Res. 371) was Marine Special Operations Command. U.S. said performed ‘‘some of the bravest acts of agreed to. Coast Guard personnel were recruited for the the war’’ are members of the ‘‘Greatest Gen- The preamble was agreed to. Maritime Unit and its Operational Swimmer eration’’. They have never been collectively (The resolution, with its preamble, is Group. recognized for their heroic and pioneering printed in today’s RECORD under ‘‘Sub- (4) The OSS organized, trained, supplied, service in World War II. mitted Resolutions.’’) and fought with resistance organizations SEC. 3. CONGRESSIONAL GOLD MEDAL. throughout Europe and Asia that played an (a) PRESENTATION AUTHORIZED.—The f important role in America’s victory during Speaker of the House of Representatives and ORDERS FOR TUESDAY, World War II. General Eisenhower credited the President pro tempore of the Senate the OSS’s covert contribution in France to shall make appropriate arrangements for the FEBRUARY 23, 2016 the equivalent to having an extra military presentation, on behalf of the Congress, of a Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I division. General Eisenhower told General gold medal of appropriate design in com- ask unanimous consent that when the Donovan that if it did nothing else, the pho- memoration to the members of the Office of Senate completes its business today, it tographic reconnaissance conducted by the Strategic Services (OSS), in recognition of OSS prior to the D-Day Invasion justified its their superior service and major contribu- adjourn until 10 a.m. tomorrow, Tues- creation. tions during World War II. day, February 23; that following the (5) Four future directors of central intel- (b) DESIGN AND STRIKING.—For purposes of prayer and pledge, the morning hour be ligence served as OSS officers: William the presentation referred to in subsection deemed expired, the Journal of pro- Casey, William Colby, Allen Dulles, and (a), the Secretary of the Treasury (referred ceedings be approved to date, and the Richard Helms. to in this Act as the ‘‘Secretary’’) shall time for the two leaders be reserved for (6) Women comprised more than one-third strike a gold medal with suitable emblems, their use later in the day; further, that of OSS personnel and played a critical role in devices, and inscriptions, to be determined the organization. They included Virginia by the Secretary. following leader remarks, the Senate Hall, the only civilian female to receive a (c) SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION.— resume consideration of the Califf Distinguished Service Cross in World War II, (1) IN GENERAL.—Following the award of nomination postcloture; further, that and Julia Child. the gold medal in commemoration to the the Senate recess from 12:30 p.m. to 2:15 (7) OSS recruited Fritz Kolbe, a German members of the Office of Strategic Services p.m. to allow for the weekly conference diplomat who became America’s most impor- under subsection (a), the gold medal shall be meetings; finally, that all time during given to the Smithsonian Institution, where tant spy against the Nazis in World War II. the recess and adjournment of the Sen- (8) America’s leading scientists and schol- it will be displayed as appropriate and made ars served in the OSS Research and Analysis available for research. ate count postcloture on the nomina- Branch, including Ralph Bunche, the first (2) SENSE OF CONGRESS.—It is the sense of tion. African-American to receive the Nobel Peace Congress that the Smithsonian Institution The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Prize; Pulitzer Prize-winning historian Ar- should make the gold medal received under objection, it is so ordered. thur Schlesinger, Jr.; Supreme Court Justice paragraph (1) available for display elsewhere, f Arthur Goldberg; Sherman Kent; John King particularly at other appropriate locations Fairbank; and Walt Rostow. Its ranks in- associated with the Office of Strategic Serv- ADJOURNMENT UNTIL 10 A.M. cluded seven future presidents of the Amer- ices. TOMORROW ican Historical Association, five of the SEC. 4. DUPLICATE MEDALS. American Economic Association, and two The Secretary may strike and sell dupli- Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, if Nobel laureates. cates in bronze of the gold medal struck pur- there is no further business to come be- (9) The U.S. Department of State’s Bureau suant to section 3 under such regulations as fore the Senate, I ask unanimous con- of Intelligence and Research traces its cre- the Secretary may prescribe, at a price suffi- sent that it stand adjourned under the ation to the OSS Research and Analysis cient to cover the cost thereof, including previous order. Branch. labor, materials, dies, use of machinery, and There being no objection, the Senate, (10) James Donovan, who was portrayed by overhead expenses, and the cost of the gold Tom Hanks in the Steven Spielberg movie medal. at 6:56 p.m., adjourned until Tuesday, ‘‘Bridge of Spies’’ and negotiated the release SEC. 5. STATUS OF MEDALS. February 23, 2016, at 10 a.m. of U–2 pilot Francis Gary Powers, served as (a) NATIONAL MEDALS.—The medals struck f General Counsel of the OSS. pursuant to this Act are national medals for (11) The OSS invented and employed new purposes of chapter 51 of title 31, United NOMINATIONS technology through its Research and Devel- States Code. Executive nominations received by (b) NUMISMATIC ITEMS.—For purposes of opment Branch, inventing new weapons and the Senate: revolutionary communications equipment. section 5134 of title 31, United States Code, Dr. Christian Lambertsen invented the first all medals struck under this Act shall be DEPARTMENT OF STATE underwater rebreathing apparatus that was considered to be numismatic items. CHRISTINE ANN ELDER, OF KENTUCKY, A CAREER first utilized by the OSS and is known today f MEMBER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, CLASS OF as SCUBA. COUNSELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR EXTRAORDINARY AND CONGRATULATING THE DENVER PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA (12) OSS Detachment 101 operated in TO THE REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA. Burma and pioneered the art of unconven- BRONCOS FOR WINNING SUPER ELIZABETH HOLZHALL RICHARD, OF VIRGINIA, A CA- BOWL 50 REER MEMBER OF THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE, tional warfare. It was the first United States CLASS OF MINISTER–COUNSELOR, TO BE AMBASSADOR unit to deploy a large guerrilla army deep in Mr. MCCONNELL. Mr. President, I EXTRAORDINARY AND PLENIPOTENTIARY OF THE enemy territory. It has been credited with UNITED STATES OF AMERICA TO THE LEBANESE REPUB- ask unanimous consent that the Sen- LIC. the highest kill/loss ratio for any infantry- ate proceed to the consideration of S. type unit in American military history and FOREIGN SERVICE Res. 371, submitted earlier today. was awarded a Presidential Unit Citation. THE FOLLOWING–NAMED CAREER MEMBER OF THE (13) Its X–2 branch pioneered counterintel- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF clerk will report the resolution by COMMERCE FOR PROMOTION WITHIN THE SENIOR FOR- ligence with the British and established the EIGN SERVICE OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, modern counterintelligence community. The title. CLASS OF CAREER MINISTER: network of contacts built by the OSS with The senior assistant legislative clerk JOHN MCCASLIN, OF OHIO foreign intelligence services led to enduring read as follows: THE FOLLOWING–NAMED CAREER MEMBERS OF THE Cold War alliances. A resolution (S. Res. 371) congratulating FOREIGN SERVICE OF THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE FOR PROMOTION WITHIN THE SENIOR FOREIGN SERVICE (14) Operation Torch, the Allied invasion of the Denver Broncos for winning Super Bowl OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, CLASS OF MIN- French North Africa in November 1942, was 50. ISTER–COUNSELOR: VerDate Sep 11 2014 02:08 Feb 23, 2016 Jkt 059060 PO 00000 Frm 00027 Fmt 4637 Sfmt 9801 E:\CR\FM\A22FE6.044 S22FEPT1 smartinez on DSK4TPTVN1PROD with SENATE S916 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD — SENATE February 22, 2016 LAURIE FARRIS, OF CALIFORNIA DONALD GILBERT ROMERO ERIC W. BEEBE CYNTHIA GRIFFIN, OF VIRGINIA SHIN H. SOH LAUREN R. BEERS DONALD NAY, OF FLORIDA JEFFREY C. SOLHEIM CHRISTOPHER CURTIS BEETS RICHARD STEFFENS, OF NEW JERSEY CHRISTOPHER A. WATSON GREGORY S. BEHELER THE FOLLOWING–NAMED CAREER MEMBERS OF THE THE FOLLOWING NAMED OFFICERS FOR APPOINTMENT JOSHUA M. BEHLER FOREIGN SERVICE FOR PROMOTION INTO THE SENIOR TO THE GRADE INDICATED IN THE UNITED STATES AIR ANDREW D.