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Episode 108: Mark Part 48—Greater Than the Temple

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Episode 108: Mark Part 48—Greater Than the Temple Episode 108: Mark Part 48—Greater than the Temple As a preview of chapters 11 and 12, where Yeshua/Jesus condemns and increasingly replaces the Temple as the overlap between Heaven and Earth, we’ll be reviewing some of the “greater than” claims about Yeshua in the Bible and talking about the implications of Malachi, Isaiah and 4QFlor, which discusses the important concept of mikdash adam, the living Temple of the Qumran community. If you can’t see the podcast link, click here. This is going to be really different because this teaching is a pre-emptive overview of Mark chapters 11-12, and to a certain extent, all the way through to chapter 16. The story Mark is telling is the title of this teaching—namely, that Yeshua/Jesus is “Greater than the Temple” and He will, in fact, increasingly judge and functionally replace it over the course of these chapters. This is not to say that the Temple was not used, and even used by the disciples after His resurrection but when we look at the functional purpose and meaning of the Temple, Yeshua is going to really put things into perspective for us. I know this may come as a shock to some people but I hope you will hear me out. I have been studying the Temple for years and it is incredibly fascinating and a very difficult area of study, but Mark’s meaning is also very clear. And so, we’re going to explore it and this will even help us understand why, in Revelation, there is no Temple per se—in fact, the entire city is set up as though it is one big communal Temple. We’ll also be better able to understand why a certain group within Judaism increasingly saw itself as the functional Temple—the mikdash adam–in face of the corruptness of the Jerusalem establishment beginning before the Maccabean revolt and re-emerging in the late Hasmonean era. The destruction of the Temple, in 70 CE, was not a fluke or something that happened outside of God’s will—nor was the destruction God’s angry response to animal sacrifice after Yeshua’s crucifixion. The destruction of the Second Temple, the reason for it, is the same as it was the first time around—rejection of Yahweh, idolatry (or a different sort), the establishment being in bed with the nations, corruption, and oppression. As we go through this over the course of the next eight weeks, it is really going to help if we understand the metanarrative, so we can be looking for it and recognize it when we see it. People think Mark is so bare bones and so simple but it really isn’t. It is the most neglected Gospel, which is why I am focusing on it. Hi, I am Tyler Dawn Rosenquist and welcome to Character in Context, where I teach the historical and ancient sociological context of Scripture with an eye to developing the character of the Messiah. If you prefer written material, I have five years’ worth of blog at theancientbridge.com as well as my six books available on amazon—including a four-volume curriculum series dedicated to teaching Scriptural context in a way that even kids can understand it, called Context for Kids—and I have two video channels on YouTube with free Bible teachings for both adults and kids. You can find the link for those on my website. Past broadcasts of this program can be found at characterincontext.podbean.com and transcripts can be had for most broadcasts at theancientbridge.com. If you have kids, I also have a weekly broadcast where I teach them Bible context in a way that shows them why they can trust God and how He wants to have a relationship with them through the Messiah. All Scripture this week comes courtesy of the ESV, the English Standard Version but you can follow along with whatever Bible you want. A list of my resources can be found attached to the transcript for Part two of this series at theancientbridge.com. First, I want to take a look at all of the “greater than” statements by Yeshua in the Gospels: Matthew 12:6 “I tell you, something greater than the temple is here.” Matthew 12:41 “The men of Nineveh will rise up at the judgment with this generation and condemn it, for they repented at the preaching of Jonah, and behold, something greater than Jonah is here.” Matthew 12:42 “The queen of the South will rise up at the judgment with this generation and condemn it, for she came from the ends of the earth to hear the wisdom of Solomon, and behold, something greater than Solomon is here.” John 4:12 “Are you greater than our father Jacob? He gave us the well and drank from it himself, as did his sons and his livestock.” To which Yeshua replies, in verse 26, that He is in fact the Messiah, so yeah, greater than Jacob. John 5:36 “But the testimony that I have is greater than that of John. For the works that the Father has given me to accomplish, the very works that I am doing, bear witness about me that the Father has sent me.” John 8:53 “Are you greater than our father Abraham, who died? And the prophets died! Who do you make yourself out to be?” and in verse 58, He counters with, “Truly, truly, I say to you, before Abraham was, I am.” Hebrews 3: 3 For Jesus has been counted worthy of more glory than Moses—as much more glory as the builder of a house has more honor than the house itself. There may be more but right now those are the ones that I can think of and I didn’t include the same statement from other Gospels. And the funny thing is that Yeshua never makes the “greater than” statements in Mark’s Gospel but then, he doesn’t have to because from beginning to end, Mark is portraying Yeshua as the prophesied Yahweh Warrior of Isaiah doing battle with Israel’s demonic enemies, as well as sin and death. He shows Yeshua doing things that the Torah can’t do, that the Temple can’t do, showing a lot more discernment than Jacob, far more trust than Abraham, having superior wisdom to Solomon (who had zero when it came to foreign women, seriously), a greater lawgiver than Moses, and being way, way more obedient than Jonah. Yeshua wasn’t just another prophet or some sort of new patriarch. As we will see, He is the new capstone to the eschatological Temple—eschatological meaning anything that deals with the end times and the whole final dispensation of humanity. No, I am not a dispensationalist—it’s just a useful word. The builders rejected a stone, Yeshua, and Yahweh has made it the pinnacle of the Temple made of living stones, all of us. As He is the capstone, it means that He is the greatest, period. But in chapters 11 and 12 of the Gospel of Mark, we specifically see Him confronting not only Jerusalem but specifically the Temple operations and the establishment in charge. We will see every leadership group, both formal and self-appointed, challenging His authority for questioning and judging the Temple operations. In chapter 13, it will culminate in the prophesied destruction of the Temple—which happened at the end of that forty-year generation when the Romans sacked Jerusalem and leveled the Temple, even going so far as to throw the huge stones down from atop the Temple Mount. If you have never seen the trumpeting stone and where they found it, that’s a good thing to look at and I will link some information in the transcript. That the Temple had become every bit as corrupt as Solomon’s Temple was no secret. It isn’t something we only find in the Gospels. It was written about in the Dead Sea Scrolls and many pseudepigraphic and apocryphal accounts. Temple corruption preceded the Maccabean revolt and, after the initial cleansing and rededication by the Hasmonean brothers, it was back to being corrupt again under the grandchildren and great grandchildren of Simon Thassi. When the Romans installed Herod the Great as king of Judea (and not only the Judea of NT times but also Galilee and Transjordan and Samaria and Perea), Herod sought to marry himself into the high priestly family and to appoint relatives to the position. By the time that Yeshua’s ministry started, the High priestly family of Annas (father in law of Caiaphus) had been buying the privilege and renting the High Priest’s garments from Rome for decades. This put them in a powerful position and, like other Roman collaborators like tax collectors, they found a myriad of ways to fill their own pockets with gold. Looking forward to the judgments of Mark 11 and 12, they were huge absentee landlords, taking advantage of the poor who were being forced to sell their lands under the burden of Roman taxes on top of the tithes that were owed. They often ended up as tenants working the lands formerly their own and that will be important to understanding the parable of the Tenants and the Vineyard. Yeshua will clear out the vendors and money-changers from the Court of the Gentiles, and they will demand to know what right He has to do it. Ironically, He declared His authority during the “untriumphal” entry into Jerusalem where the people recognized Him as at least a prophet on a mission but no one in any sort of leadership position welcomed Him, as would have been appropriate.
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