Definitions Are from the Harper Collins Bible Dictionary (Condensed Edition), Edited by Mark Allan Powell, 2009

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Definitions are from the Harper Collins Bible Dictionary (condensed edition), edited by Mark Allan Powell, 2009. Maccabees (mak´uh-beez), a family(properly the Hasmoneans) that provided military, political, and religious leaders for Judea during much of the second and first centuries BCE. Their exploits are recorded in the books of Maccabees, included among what Protestants call the OT Apocrypha and Roman Catholics designate as deuterocanonical writings. The events leading to the rise of the Maccabees were related to attempts by Antiochus IV Epiphanes, Seleucid king of Syria, to foster Hellenism in Judea by tyrannically suppressing Judaism (see 1 Macc. 1–2; 2 Macc. 5–7). The arrival of officers to carry out Antiochus’s decrees at the village of Modein, where an aged priest named Mattathias lived with his five sons (John “Gaddi,” Simon “Thassi,” Judas “Maccabeus,” Eleazar “Avaran,” and Jonathan “Apphus”), gave occasion for the outbreak of a spontaneous revolt that was to turn into a full-scale war. Mattathias died soon after the beginning of the revolt, leaving military leadership in the hands of Judas, whose surname “Maccabeus” (meaning “hammer”) became the source of the popular name given to the family and its followers. Independence was eventually won and Israel was ruled by the Hasmonean dynasty (descendants of Simon, the only son of Mattathias to survive the war). magi (may´ji), sorcerers who, according to Matt. 2, traveled to honor the infant Jesus when he was born. The NRSV’s “wise men” is an inaccurate translation for the Greek magi, which comes from a root meaning “magic.” The magi in Matthew are presented as astrologers who are guided by the stars (2:2) and as Gentiles who do not know scriptural prophecies concerning the location of the Messiah’s birth (2:2–6). Popular traditions have portrayed them as three in number because of the three gifts (2:11), and as kings in light of Isa. 60:3. manger, a box or trough, usually carved from stone, used for the feeding of animals (cf. Luke 13:15). According to Luke 2:7, 12, 16, a manger was used as the bed for the infant Jesus after his birth in Bethlehem. .

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ELEAZAR S. FERNANDEZ Professor Of
_______________________________________________________________________________ ELEAZAR S. FERNANDEZ Professor of Constructive Theology United Theological Seminary of the Twin Cities 3000 Fifth Street Northwest New Brighton, Minnesota 55112, U.S.A. Tel. (651) 255-6131 Fax. (651) 633-4315 E-Mail [email protected] President, Union Theological Seminary, Philippines Sampaloc 1, Dasmarinas City, Cavite, Philippines E-Mail: [email protected] Mobile phone: 63-917-758-7715 _______________________________________________________________________________ PROFESSIONAL PREPARATION VANDERBILT UNIVERSITY, Nashville, Tennessee, U.S.A. Doctor of Philosophy (PhD.) Major: Philosophical and Systematic Theology Minor: New Testament Date : Spring 1993 PRINCETON THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, Princeton, New Jersey, U.S.A. Master of Theology in Social Ethics (ThM), June 1985 UNION THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY, Cavite, Philippines Master of Divinity (MDiv), March 1981 Master's Thesis: Toward a Theology of Development Honors: Cum Laude PHILIPPINE CHRISTIAN UNIVERSITY, Cavite, Philippines Bachelor of Arts in Psychology (BA), 1980 College Honor/University Presidential Scholarship THE COLLEGE OF MAASIN, Maasin, Southern Leyte, Philippines Associate in Arts, 1975 Scholar, Congressman Nicanor Yñiguez Scholarship PROFESSIONAL WORK EXPERIENCE President and Academic Dean, Union Theological Seminary, Philippines, June 1, 2013 – Present. Professor of Constructive Theology, United Theological Seminary of the Twin Cities, New Brighton, Minnesota, July 1993-Present. Guest/Mentor
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