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PRACTICAL ROADMAP MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM DR N GRAVETT THE TESTIS • Slide 7 Stain: Iron Haematoxylin NOTE: Iron haematoxylin, a blue-black stain demonstrates the chromosomes in the dividing cells of the testis THE TESTIS Connective Tissue Septum These incomplete septae Tunica Albuginea divide the testis into lobes Seminiferous Tubule Interstitial Tissue Loose connective tissue between the seminiferous tubules THE TESTIS Tunica Tunica Albuginea Vasculosa BV Seminiferous Tubule Leydig Cells Blood Vessel (BV) Interstitial Seminiferous Tubule Tissue LEYDIG CELLS Interstitial Tissue BV Seminiferous Tubule NOTE: Leydig cells are endocrine glands and as such are usually located close to blood vessels. These cells are located outside the seminiferous tubules within the loose connective tissue stroma. SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE • Seminiferous Epithelium – Complex Stratified Epithelium consisting of 2 basic cell populations: 1. Sertoli Cells 2. Cells of the Spermatogenic Series: • Spermatogonia • Primary Spermatocyte • Secondary Spermatocyte (Transitory phase: not seen in histological section) • Early Spermatid • Late Spematid SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE Myoid Cell Sertoli Cells Primary Spermatocyte Spermato- gonium Spermato- gonium Lumen Early Spermatids Late Spematids Leydig Cell Spermato- gonium TESTIS AND EPIDIDYMIS • Slide 11 Stain: H&E NOTE: This slide is for ANAT 2020 only Pathway of sperm from point of production to exterior: Seminiferous Tubule Tubuli recti Rete Testes Efferent Ductules Epididymis Vas Deferens Ejaculatory Duct Prostatic Urethra Membranous Urethra Penile Urethra TESTIS AND EPIDIDYMIS Head of Epididymis Efferent Ductules Rete Testes Mediastinum Testes Seminiferous Tubules Body of Tunica Albuginea Epididymis TESTIS AND EPIDIDYMIS Seminiferous Tubules Body of Epididymis Tunica Albuginea SEMINIFEROUS TUBULE Seminiferous Tubule Leydig Cells Sertoli Cell Late Spermatogonium Spematids Myoid Cell Lumen Primary Spermatocyte Early Spermatids Spermatogonium MEDIASTINUM TESTES Head of Seminiferous Epididymis Tubules Tunica Albuginea Efferent Ductules Rete Testis Mediastinum Testes Blood Vessels Tubuli Recti (Straight Tubules) TUBULI RECTI Seminiferous Tubule Rete Testis Seminiferous Tubule As the seminiferous tubules approach the mediastinum testes, they assume a short straight course giving rise to the tubuli recti (i.e. straight tubules). The tubuli recti are lined by Sertoli cells only. RETE TESTIS BV BV Rete Testis Rete Testis CT BV CT CT The rete testis is an anastomosing set of channels within the highly vascular mediastinum testes. Do not confuse these tubules with blood vessels. Blood vessels are lined by endothelium, whereas the rete testis are lined by a simple cuboidal to low columnar epithelium with a single apical cilium and few short microvilli. EFFERENT DUCTULES * * Efferent Ductules * Rete Testis * * Rete Testis * * * EFFERENT DUCTULES Tall Columnar Cells with Thin Layer of Cilia Smooth Muscle Low Cuboidal Cells with Lumen Microvilli The efferent ductules are lined by a pseuostratified columnar epithelium composed of low cuboidal epithelial cells alternating with tall columnar epithelial cells, giving the lumen of these tubules a characteristic saw-tooth shaped lumen. EPIDIDYMIS Tall Columnar Basal Cells Cells with Stereocilia Lumen * Smooth Muscle Layer Spermatozoa Stereocilia * The smooth muscle layer of the epididymis will thicken as it nears the vas deferens, resulting in an inner an outer longitudinal and middle circular layer of smooth muscle. THE VAS DEFERENS • Slide 116 Spermatic Cord Stain: H&E NOTE: This slide is for ANAT 2020 only This is a demonstration slide. THE VAS DEFERENS THE VAS DEFERENS Smooth Muscle Layer Stereocilia Lumen Lumen LP LP IL The ductus deferens is lined by a MC pseudostratfied columnar epithelium with sterocilia. OL IL: Inner longitudinal layer of smooth muscle / MC: Middle circular layer of smooth muscle / OL: Outer longitudinal layer of smooth muscle LP: Lamina propria THE PROSTATE GLAND • Slide 77 Stain: H&E NOTE: This slide is for ANAT 2020 only THE PROSTATE GLAND Capsule Colliculus Seminalis Prostatic Urethra Prostatic Utricle Fibromuscular Connective Tissue Stroma Secretory Acini Ejaculatory Ducts THE PROSTATE GLAND Prostatic Prostatic Urethra Urethra Colliculus Lumen Seminalis Lumen Transitional Epithelium Secretory Acini Prostatic Note: The epithelial Utricle lining of these acini is highly variable and is under the influence of testosterone and Ejaculatory adrenal androgens. The Ducts acini are usually lined by simple columnar epithelium, but patches of simple cuboidal, squamous and pseudostratified epithelium is also seen. Fibro-elastic CT with Smooth Muscle PROSTATIC CONCRETIONS (Slide 77_2) Prostatic concretions contain deposits of glycoproteins and glycoaminoglycans. They increase in number with increasing age in males and they appear to have no clinical or physiological significance. THE PENIS • Slide 37 Stain: H&E and Elastic NOTE: This slide is for ANAT 2020 only THE PENIS Dorsal Nerve Dorsal Artery Dorsal Vein Tunica Albuginea of Corpus Cavernosum Deep Artery Corpus Cavernosum Corpus Cavernosum Median Septum Glands of Littré Penile Urethra Tunica Albuginea of Corpus Spongiosum Corpus Spongiosum Superficial Blood Skin Vessels CORPUS CAVERNOSUM (H.P.) Cavernous Vein Trabeculum Cavernous lined by Consisting of Smooth Vein Endothelium Muscle and CT Trabeculum Cavernous Vein Helicine Artery Trabeculum Helicine Artery Cavernous Vein CORPUS SPONGIOSUM (H.P.) Tunica Glands of Littré Albuginea Cavernous Vein Lined by endothelium Urethral Mucosa Penile Urethra Trabeculae - Smooth muscle - CT - Elastic Fibres Cavernous Vein Cavernous Vein PENILE URETHRA (H.P.) Lumen Stratified Columnar / Pseudostratified Columnar Epithelium Lamina Propria Lumen Glands of Littré Urethral Lacunae (of Morgagni) Lumen .
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