DOCSLIB.ORG

Landmark Location on 3D Models of Yacchi Crania

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2015 VALIDITY OF LANDMARK SELECTION GIVEN DIFFERENT 3D SCAN PROCESSING PARAMETERS: LANDMARK LOCATION ON 3D MODELS OF YACCHI CRANIA Mary-Margaret Murphy University of Montana - Missoula Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Part of the Anthropology Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Murphy, Mary-Margaret, "VALIDITY OF LANDMARK SELECTION GIVEN DIFFERENT 3D SCAN PROCESSING PARAMETERS: LANDMARK LOCATION ON 3D MODELS OF YACCHI CRANIA" (2015). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 4565. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/4565 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. VALIDITY OF LANDMARK SELECTION GIVEN DIFFERENT 3D SCAN PROCESSING PARAMETERS: LANDMARK LOCATION ON 3D MODELS OF YACCHI CRANIA. By MARY-MARGARET MURPHY Bachelor of Arts, The University of Montana, Missoula, Missoula 2010 Thesis presented in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Anthropology The University of Montana Missoula, MT December 2015 Approved by: Sandy Ross, Dean of The Graduate School Graduate School Dr. Anna M. Prentiss, Chair Department of Anthropology Dr. Randall R. Skelton Department of Anthropology Dr. Bret W. Tobalske Department of Biological Sciences © COPYRIGHT by Mary-Margaret Murphy 2015 All Rights Reserved ii Murphy, Mary-Margaret, M.A., Fall 2015 Anthropology Validity of landmark selection given different 3D scan processing parameters: landmark location on 3D models of Yacchi crania. Chairperson: Dr. Anna M. Prentiss This project tests the validity of the use of models generated with 3-D technology for the purposes of advancing craniometric methods in anthropology. The literature describing this technology as it is being incorporated and applied is focused on the classification of crania within population structure and evolutionary development. 3-D modeling methods create data that are static over time - as long as the collection and processing has a statistically insignificant impact on deviation from the original "true" sample. This thesis is interested in the questions of data collection given variations between processing and metadata of 3-D models and uses data from crania recovered from cave burials discovered on Kume Island, Okinawa Japan. The collection has been captured in surface scans and by 3-D coordinate digitizer at different times by different researchers. Adapting 3-D scanning and 3-D medical imaging technology into anthropology is highly advantageous in terms of the quality and quantity of data that can be collected and shared. Models generated from surface imaging are an excellent tool for research that serves to transmit the information encoded in the skull. Recent surface imaging technology is very user friendly from a novice perspective. However, there are different capture and processing specifications between equipment and software, which have the potential to create error due to variation caused by the data capture processes. A review of recent research working to capitalize on 3-D models belies the variation in standards of imaging and model processing. These projects tend to be preferential to data that are collected from samples with a low error rate. Error could be due to deviation of symmetry or damage. However, recovered human crania in historic and archaeological contexts are unlikely to have low rates of damage. In spite of the potential variations introduced by the applications of process parameters, there was no convincing degree of non-correspondence in correlation tests to two comparison approaches. The ultimate goal is to develop guidelines for data collection and processing that are capable of capitalizing 3-D data from any of the available technologies and processing output that is computationally efficient as well as statistically correspondent. iii 1 Acknowledgments A great measure of gratitude is due my thesis committee. Their patience and encouragement has made it possible for me to see this thesis through. After facing many practical and personal challenges, their guidance has served to keep me moving in a forward direction. Dr. Anna Prentiss accepted the challenge of steering my thesis work and committee, giving me the grounding and support I needed. Dr. Randall Skelton gave me some of the most incisive editing suggestions and thoughtful considerations for the development of the thesis study. Dr. Bret Tobalske has generously made time to join this committee and consider the research which is both inclusive and exclusive of his own body of study. Deserving of my ongoing gratitude is Professor Noriko Seguchi, my first graduate advisor, without whom, I would have not had access to the sample data from which my research is based. With her continued support, access to materials, and returns to the University of Montana - this thesis was not only made possible, but has opened many new avenues of future research. Professor Tom Foor has been an advisor and excellent supporter since I first developed a fixation on anthropological statistics under his teachings. I am thankful for all his consultations and that he has always made time for my questions. As a researcher, I must also thank those whose work and willingness to discuss and share with me have been key to rounding out my understanding of important concepts and research avenues beyond the realm of Anthropology. Dr. Shriram Hegde reached out around the world to offer suggested sources to explain complex concepts of matrix math and 3D rendering for this audience. Dr. Piotr Szymor made publications available from far outside the field which none the less resounded as they are trying to solve many of the same questions of technology integration for living subjects. My family has stood by me during this long process and perfected baffled smiles while I often wax poetic about three dimensional visualization technology, the number of times I crashed the software so integral to my work, and brag about an inscrutable spreadsheet of raw data output. I am aware it has not been easy to bear witness to the struggles and I am grateful for the buoyancy that they always found for me when I thought I might be overwhelmed by the pursuit of this graduate degree. 1 Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................... 2 List of Figures ................................................................................................ 5 List of Tables ................................................................................................. 6 List of Equations ............................................................................................ 7 Chapter One .................................................................................................. 8 Chapter Outlines ......................................................................................... 8 Introduction ............................................................................................. 11 Scanned data, technology and processing resolution and history within Medical Sciences and Biological Anthropology ........................................................ 14 Benefits of this project ............................................................................ 17 Chapter Two ................................................................................................ 20 Background .............................................................................................. 20 Chapter Three ............................................................................................. 35 Materials and methods ............................................................................... 35 Materials .................................................................................................. 35 Description of the sample ........................................................................ 35 Methods ................................................................................................... 38 Model Processing .................................................................................... 41 Landmark Sample .................................................................................. 53 Landmark Data Format ........................................................................... 59 Missing data .......................................................................................... 66 2 Statistical Analysis .................................................................................. 66 Validity testing ....................................................................................... 69 Chapter Four ............................................................................................... 72 Results .................................................................................................... 72 Landmark Sample .................................................................................... 1 Correlation analysis .................................................................................
Recommended publications
  • Humans Preserve Non-Human Primate Pattern of Climatic Adaptation

    Humans Preserve Non-Human Primate Pattern of Climatic Adaptation

    Quaternary Science Reviews 192 (2018) 149e166 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Quaternary Science Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/quascirev Humans preserve non-human primate pattern of climatic adaptation * Laura T. Buck a, b, , Isabelle De Groote c, Yuzuru Hamada d, Jay T. Stock a, e a PAVE Research Group, Department of Archaeology, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge, CB2 3QG, UK b Human Origins Research Group, Department of Earth Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK c School of Natural Science and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, James Parsons Building, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK d Primate Research Institute, University of Kyoto, Inuyama, Aichi, 484-8506, Japan e Department of Anthropology, Western University, London, Ontario, N6A 3K7, Canada article info abstract Article history: There is evidence for early Pleistocene Homo in northern Europe, a novel hominin habitat. Adaptations Received 9 October 2017 enabling this colonisation are intriguing given suggestions that Homo exhibits physiological and Received in revised form behavioural malleability associated with a ‘colonising niche’. Differences in body size/shape between 2 May 2018 conspecifics from different climates are well-known in mammals, could relatively flexible size/shape Accepted 22 May 2018 have been important to Homo adapting to cold habitats? If so, at what point did this evolutionary stragegy arise? To address these questions a base-line for adaptation to climate must be established by comparison with outgroups. We compare skeletons of Japanese macaques from four latitudes and find Keywords: Adaptation inter-group differences in postcranial and cranial size and shape. Very small body mass and cranial size in Variation the Southern-most (island) population are most likely affected by insularity as well as ecogeographic Colonisation scaling.
  • Cranio-Orbito Zygomatic Normative Measurements in Adult Sudanese: CT Based Study

    Cranio-Orbito Zygomatic Normative Measurements in Adult Sudanese: CT Based Study

    Global Advanced Research Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences (ISSN: 2315-5159) Vol. 4(11) pp. 477-484, November, 2015 Available online http://garj.org/garjmms Copyright © 2015 Global Advanced Research Journals Full Length Research Paper Cranio-Orbito Zygomatic Normative Measurements In Adult Sudanese: CT Based Study Maisa Mohammed Elzaki 1, Caroline Edward Ayad 2*, Hussein Ahmed Hassan 2, and Elsafi Ahmed Abdalla 2 1Alzaiem Alazhari University, Faculty of Radiology Science and Medical Imaging, P.O. Box 1432 Khartoum North, Sudan 2Sudan University of Science and Technology, College of Medical Radiological Science, P.O. Box 1908, Khartoum, Sudan Khartoum-Sudan Accepted 19 November, 2015 The measurements of craniofacial parameters have clinical and anthropologic significance. Local data on Cranio-orbito zygomatic normative measurements reveal the pattern of changes in craniofacial features resulting from gender and age. In the present study, we provide normative data on anthropometric variation within the normal adult Sudanese measurements by using computerized tomography (CT) images and to determine the effects of age and gender on anthropometry. A systematic method was obtained to align head (CT) images for both axial and coronal assessment, and to measure the variable parameters obtained from 110 Sudanese subjects in both genders and in different age groups ( ≤20 ≥61years). To quantify the orbits: 4 measurements were collected along both orbits including orbital breadth, height, bi orbital roof and anterior inter orbital distance; 2 for zygomatic bones including bi zygomatic breadth and zygomatic arches length, 2 for cranium counting length and width were also measured. All measurements were taken in (mm). As a result; measurements of the orbita, zygomatic arches and cranium were found to be higher at the age of 51-61 years and showed similar measurements attainment at this age with no significant difference detected at various age intervals.
  • Page 1 of 84 STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE FOR

    Page 1 of 84 STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE FOR

    STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE FOR MICROSCRIBE 3-DIMENSIONAL DIGITIZER AND CRANIOMETRIC DATA Forensic Anthropology Division Harris County Institute of Forensic Sciences 1861 Old Spanish Trail Houston, TX 77054 Julie M. Fleischman, Ph.D. Christian M. Crowder, Ph.D., D-ABFA January 7, 2019 Funding This project was supported by Award No. 2016-DN-BX-K003, awarded by the National Institute of Justice, Office of Justice Programs, U.S. Department of Justice. The opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the Department of Justice. Suggested Citation Fleischman JM, Crowder CM. 2018. Standard Operating Procedure for MicroScribe 3- Dimensional Digitizer and Craniometric Data. Harris County Institute of Forensic Sciences, Forensic Anthropology Division: Houston, TX. Acknowledgements National Institute of Justice; Harris County Institute of Forensic Sciences (HCIFS); Luis A. Sanchez, M.D.; HCIFS Forensic Anthropology Division staff; Michal L. Pierce, M.S. and the HCIFS Quality Management Division staff; M. Katherine Spradley, Ph.D. and the Texas State University Forensic Anthropology Center’s faculty and staff; Stephen Ousley, Ph.D.; Joseph Hefner, Ph.D.; Richard Jantz, Ph.D.; Lee Meadows Jantz; Ph.D.; Natalie Langley, Ph.D.; Bradley Adams, Ph.D.; and Christopher Rainwater, M.A.. Contacts Julie M. Fleischman, Ph.D.: [email protected] Christian M. Crowder, Ph.D.: [email protected] Page 1 of 84 PREFACE This document was developed as a component of the 2016 Assessing Cognitive Bias, Method Validation, and Equipment Performance for the Forensic Anthropology Laboratory project funded by the National Institute of Justice.
  • 3.4.12.9 the Temporal Bone of Patient Ip

    3.4.12.9 the Temporal Bone of Patient Ip

    3.4.12.9 The Temporal Bone of patient Ip Distances (Figure 3.30(n)): Squamous Temporal Bone: The squamous temporal bone was not measurable in this child due to lack of visibility of the asterion (as), sphenion (spt) and the stylomastoid foramen (smÐ. Extemal Auditory Meatus: The configuration of the external auditory meatus was abnormal and asymmetrical, with increased distances recorded on both sides (eampl-pol, pol-eamal, eamir- eampr, eamar-eamir). Zygomatic Process: The length of the zygomatic arch (ztl-aul, ztr-aur) was decreased bilaterally. The articular fossa height (afl-ael, afr-aer) was normal, however, posteriorly the left EAM- articular fossa length (eamal-afl) was increased. Petrous Temporal Bone (Figure 3.30(o)): The prominence of the mastoid process (mal-jfl1, mar-jflr) was increased bilaterally compared with the experimental standard. The distances of the temporal bone showed the right jugular foramen to be narrowed (flr-jfmr) with an similar tendency on the left. The inferior petrous temporo-occipital suture (fml-ptsl, jfrnr-ptsr) was increased in length. Dimensions (Figure 3.30(o)): The petrous temporal ridge distance (petal-petpl, petar-petpr) was increased bilaterally. The dimensions between the temporal bones was increased between the external auditory meatus (pol-por). The angles of the auditory canal (pol-iamViamr-por), the petrous temporal bone angles (petpl-petaVpetar-petpr) and the zygoma projection (petal-aul-ztl, petar-aur-ztr) were not significantly different from the experimental standard. Discussion: Bony distortion was found at the external auditory meatus and the zygomatic arch which was reduced in length. The jugular foramen was nanowed while the temporal occipital suture medially and the distance to the mastoid laterally were increased.
  • 1 TERMINOLOGIA ANTHROPOLOGICA Names of The

    1 TERMINOLOGIA ANTHROPOLOGICA Names of The

    TERMINOLOGIA ANTHROPOLOGICA Names of the parts of the human body, terms of aspects and relationships, and osteological terminology are as in Terminologia Anatomica. GENERAL TERMS EXPLANANTION ADAPTATION Adjustment and change of an organism to a specific environment, due primarily to natural selection. ADAPTIVE RADIATION Divergence of an ancestral population through adaption and speciation into a number of ecological niches. ADULT Fully developed and mature individual ANAGENESIS The progressive adaption of a single evolutionary line, where the population becomes increasingly specialized to a niche that has remained fairly constant through time. ANCESTRY One’s family or ethnic descent, the evolutionary or genetic line of descent of an animal or plant / Ancestral descent or lineage ANTEMORTEM Biological processes that can result in skeletal modifications before death ANTHROPOCENTRICISM The belief that humans are the most important elements in the universe. ANTHROPOLOGY The study of human biology and behavior in the present and in the past ANTHROPOLOGIST BIOLOGICAL A specialist in the subfield of anthropology that studies humans as a biological species FORENSIC A specialist in the use of anatomical structures and physical characteristics to identify a subject for legal purposes PHYSICAL A specialist in the subfield of anthropology dealing with evolutionary changes in the human bodily structure and the classification of modern races 1 SOCIAL A specialist in the subfield of anthropology that deals with cultural and social phenomena such as kingship systems or beliefs ANTHROPOMETRY The study of human body measurement for use in anthropological classification and comparison ARCHETYPE That which is taken as the blueprint for a species or higher taxonomic category ARTIFACT remains of past human activity.
  • The Study Into Individual Classification and Biological Distance Using Cranial Morphology of a Basque Burial Population

    The Study Into Individual Classification and Biological Distance Using Cranial Morphology of a Basque Burial Population

    University of Nevada, Reno A Craniometric Analysis of Basque Skulls from the Cathedral of Santa Maria, Vitoria-Gasteiz: Biological Distance and Population History A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Anthropology by Jennifer J. Janzen Dr. G. Richard Scott/Thesis Advisor August 2011 Copyright by Jennifer J. Janzen 2011 All Rights Reserved THE GRADUATE SCHOOL We recommend that the thesis prepared under our supervision by JENNIFER J. JANZEN entitled A Craniometric Analysis Of Basque Skulls From The Cathedral Of Santa Maria, Vitoria-Gasteiz: Biological Distance And Population History be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS G. Richard Scott, Ph.D., Advisor Gary Haynes, Ph.D., Committee Member David Wilson, Ph.D., Graduate School Representative Marsha H. Read, Ph. D., Dean, Graduate School August, 2011 i Abstract The origins and uniqueness of the Basque have long puzzled anthropologists and other scholars of human variation. Straddling the border between France and Spain, Basque country is home to a people genetically, linguistically and culturally distinct from neighboring populations. The craniometrics of a burial population from a Basque city were subjected to cluster analysis to identify the pattern of relationships between Spanish Basques and other populations of the Iberian Peninsula, Europe, and the world. Another method of affinity assessment -- discriminant function analysis – was employed to classify each individual cranium into one population from among a wide array of groups in a worldwide craniometric database. In concert with genetic and linguistic studies, craniometric analyses find Basques are distinct among Iberian and European populations, with admixture increasing in the modern era.
  • A Comparison of the Utility of Craniometric and Dental Morphological Data for Assessing Biodistance and Sex- Differential Migration in the Pacific Islands

    A Comparison of the Utility of Craniometric and Dental Morphological Data for Assessing Biodistance and Sex- Differential Migration in the Pacific Islands

    University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers Graduate School 2016 A Comparison of the Utility of Craniometric and Dental Morphological Data for Assessing Biodistance and Sex- Differential Migration in the Pacific Islands Brittney A. Eubank Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd Part of the Biological and Physical Anthropology Commons, and the Multivariate Analysis Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Eubank, Brittney A., "A Comparison of the Utility of Craniometric and Dental Morphological Data for Assessing Biodistance and Sex-Differential Migration in the Pacific Islands" (2016). Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers. 10655. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/etd/10655 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Student Theses, Dissertations, & Professional Papers by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. A Comparison of the Utility of Craniometric and Dental Morphological Data for Assessing Biodistance and Sex-Differential Migration in the Pacific Islands By Brittney A. Eubank B.A., Anthropology, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, 2013 Thesis Paper Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts Anthropology The
  • The Relative Correspondence of Cranial and Genetic Distances in Papionin Taxa and the Impact of Allometric Adjustments

    The Relative Correspondence of Cranial and Genetic Distances in Papionin Taxa and the Impact of Allometric Adjustments

    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by ASU Digital Repository The relative correspondence of cranial and genetic distances in papionin taxa and the impact of allometric adjustments Heather F. Smitha,b*, Noreen von Cramon-Taubadelc a Department of Anatomy, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University. b School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University c Department of Anthropology, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, NY *Corresponding author: Heather F. Smith, Department of Anatomy, Arizona College of Osteopathic Medicine, Midwestern University, 19555 N. 59th Ave., Glendale AZ USA. E-mail: [email protected], Tel: 1-623-572-3726. Text pages: 27 Tables: 10 Figures: 5 Keywords: papionini, geometric morphometrics, cranial regions, genetic distance Running header: Cranial and genetic distance correlates in papionins Abstract The reconstruction of phylogenetic relationships in the primate fossil record is dependent upon a thorough understanding of the phylogenetic utility of craniodental characters. Here, we test three previously proposed hypotheses for the propensity of primate craniomandibular data to exhibit homoplasy using a study design based on the relative congruence between cranial distance matrices and a consensus genetic distance matrix (“genetic congruence”) for papionin taxa: 1. Matrices based on cranial regions subjected to less masticatory strain are more genetically congruent than high-strain cranial matrices; 2. Matrices based on cranial regions developing earlier in ontogeny are more genetically congruent than matrices based on regions that develop later; 3. Matrices based on cranial regions with greater anatomical/functional complexity are more genetically congruent than matrices based on anatomically simpler regions.
  • Guidelines to the Standards for Recording Human Remains

    Guidelines to the Standards for Recording Human Remains

    Guidelines to the Standards for Recording Human Remains IFA Paper No. 7 Editors: Megan Brickley and Jacqueline I McKinley Guidelines to the Standards for Recording Human Remains Published 2004 by BABAO, Department of Archaeology, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BF and the Institute of Field Archaeologists, SHES, University of Reading, Whiteknights, PO Box 227, Reading RG6 6AB ISBN 0948 393 88 2 Copyright © BABAO, IFA and individual authors Editors: Megan Brickley and Jacqueline I McKinley Contributors: Anthea Boylston, Megan Brickley, Don Brothwell, Brian Connell, Simon Mays, Jacqueline I McKinley, Linda O’Connell, Mike Richards, Charlotte Roberts, Sonia Zakrzewski Acknowledgements Thanks are due to all those who assisted in this publication by reading and making comments on various parts of the document including Andrew Millard, Natasha Powers, James Steele and Bill White, and also contributors who commented on colleagues contributions. Thanks to Professor Sue Black for providing Appendix 1. Thanks are also due to various individuals and organisations for permission to print figures from their sites/reports; Rachel Ives for Figure 1, Wessex Archaeology for Figure 5, Roger Mercer and the Hambledon Hill Project for Figure 7, Dr Kay Prag for Figure 16 and Dr Ingrid Mainland for Figure 17. BRITISH ASSOCIATION FOR BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY AND OSTEOARCHAEOLOGY INSTITUTE OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGISTS 1 Guidelines to the Standards for Recording Human Remains INSTITUTE OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGISTS PAPER NO. 7 Editors: Megan Brickley
  • Towards the Restoration of Ancient Hominid Craniofacial Anatomy

    Towards the Restoration of Ancient Hominid Craniofacial Anatomy

    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.08.425868; this version posted January 8, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. 1 Towards the restoration of ancient hominid craniofacial anatomy: 2 Chimpanzee morphology reveals covariation between craniometrics 3 and facial soft tissue thickness 4 5 Ryan M Campbell1,*, Gabriel Vinas2, Maciej Henneberg1,3 6 7 1 Adelaide Medical School, Biological Anthropology and Comparative Anatomy Research Unit, The 8 University of Adelaide, Helen Mayo North, Floor 2, Room 24, Frome Road, Adelaide, South 9 Australia,5000, Australia 10 11 2 Herberger Institute for Design and the Arts, Sculpture Department, Arizona State University, Art 12 Building, 900 S Forest Mall, Tempe, Arizona, 85281, United States 13 14 3 Institute of Evolutionary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Building 42, Floor G, 15 Room 70, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057, Zurich, Switzerland 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 * Corresponding author. 34 E-mail address: [email protected] 35 Telephone: +61 412281013 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.01.08.425868; this version posted January 8, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license.
  • Geometric Morphometric Tools for the Classification of Human Skulls

    Geometric Morphometric Tools for the Classification of Human Skulls

    The author(s) shown below used Federal funds provided by the U.S. Department of Justice and prepared the following final report: Document Title: Geometric Morphometric Tools for the Classification of Human Skulls Author: Ann H. Ross, Ph.D., Dennis E. Slice, Ph.D., and Shanna E. Williams, Ph.D. Document No.: 231195 Date Received: July 2010 Award Number: 2005-MU-BX-K078 This report has not been published by the U.S. Department of Justice. To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally- funded grant final report available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Principal Investigator (Last, First, Middle): ROSS, ANN H. Geometric Morphometric Tools for the Classification of Human Skulls 2005-MU-BX-K078 Ann H. Ross, Ph.D., Principal Investigator Dennis E. Slice, Ph.D. Shanna E. Williams, Ph.D. - i - This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S.

  • 11. Bioarchaeological Analysis of the Northern Moluccan Excavated Human Remains 169

    11 Bioarchaeological analysis of the Northern Moluccan excavated human remains David Bulbeck Introduction The Northern Moluccas form the northern apex of a triangle of small to medium-sized islands that extend to Sumba in the southwest and the Aru Islands in the southeast. These islands mark a rapid transition between indigenes with ‘Melanesian’ features to the east and inhabitants of predominantly ‘Mongoloid’ physical appearance to the north and the west. Summarising early physical anthropological research, conducted in a typological paradigm, Coon and Hunt (1965:180) wrote ‘Some of the inhabitants are Negritos; others resemble Papuans. The Mongoloid element is minor’. Glinka (1981:103) emphasised the similarities between the populations across eastern Indonesia based on multivariate analysis of the recorded anthropometric data. He noted a predominantly dark brown skin colour, wavy to frizzy hair, a low incidence of epicanthic folds, low to medium stature, heads of narrow to medium breadth in shape with a very narrow forehead, and variable facial shape. Bulbeck et al. (2006) showed that recent crania from these islands have variable affinities, but predominantly with groups to the east of Wallace’s Line, both ‘Australoid’ and Mongoloid, notably Tasmanians, Filipinos, New Britain Tolai, Guam Chamorros, and Hawaiians. The human remains excavated from the Northern Moluccas provide the opportunity to investigate whether this mixture of affinities also prevailed in prehistoric times. Observations on the human remains also provide evidence on the palaeopathology of eastern Indonesians over the last two to three millennia. Oral pathology offers an insight into subsistence practices, while many diseases, especially those that stunt childhood growth, leave distinctive osteological markers.