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Revolution Changed the Climate
Revolution changed the climate In the first in a series of four articles about climate change and agriculture in New Zealand, Dr Harry Clark of the New Zealand Agricultural Greenhouse Gas Research Centre lifts the lid on the origins and science of climate change, explaining how human activities are dramatically increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases and triggering major environmental changes. ABOUT 250 years ago a revolution began in Europe that would drastically alter the lives and lifestyles of millions, eventually billions, of people worldwide. Clever industrialists discovered that by extracting and burning fossil fuels like coal and oil they could power machines capable of producing goods and food on an unprecedented scale. Soon they discovered the same fuels could drive vehicles of previously unimaginable might, carrying their goods to market faster and in larger quantities than ever before. Fortunes were made. The population exploded. Forests made way for towns, roads and railways and farms to feed the hungry masses. Little did those pioneering industrialists know their revolution would reverberate in a very different way, centuries later. The unconstrained burning of fossil fuels and rapid deforestation that characterise the industrial era have significantly disrupted the cycles of elements like carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, which are found naturally in the earth and atmosphere. Atmospheric concentrations of some of these elements in their gaseous form – named greenhouse gases or ‘GHGs’ – have increased rapidly, causing the atmosphere to warm up and our climate to change. Average and extreme temperatures around the planet are rising, resulting in reduced snow cover, melting glaciers, extended growing seasons and shifting rainfall patterns. -
A Multilingual Metadata Catalog for the ILTER: Issues and Approaches
Ecological Informatics 5 (2010) 187–193 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Ecological Informatics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ecolinf A multilingual metadata catalog for the ILTER: Issues and approaches Kristin L. Vanderbilt a,⁎, David Blankman b, Xuebing Guo c, Honglin He c, Chau-Chin Lin d, Sheng-Shan Lu d, Akiko Ogawa e, Éamonn Ó Tuama f, Herbert Schentz g, Wen Su c a Sevilleta LTER, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131 USA b LTER-Israel, Ben Gurion University, Midreshet Ben Gurion, Israel c Chinese Ecological Research Network, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China d Taiwan Ecological Research Network, Taiwan Forest Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan e JaLTER, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Tokyo, Japan f GBIF Secretariat, Copenhagen, Denmark g Umweltbundesamt GmbH, Vienna, Austria article info abstract Keywords: The International Long-Term Ecological Research (ILTER) Network's strategic plan calls for widespread data Challenges exchange among member networks to support broad scale synthetic studies of ecological systems. However, Language natural language differences are common among ILTER country networks and seriously inhibit the exchange, Translation interpretation and proper use of ecological data. As a first step toward building a multilingual metadata Ecology catalog, the ILTER has adopted Ecological Metadata Language (EML) as its standard, and ILTER members are Ontology asked to share discovery level metadata in English. Presently, the burden of translation is on the data providers, who frequently have few resources for information management. Tools to assist with metadata capture and translation, such as localized metadata editors and a multilingual environmental thesaurus, are needed and will be developed in the near future. -
SEMAPRO 2020, the Fourteenth International
SEMAPRO 2020 The Fourteenth International Conference on Advances in Semantic Processing ISBN: 978-1-61208-813-6 October 25 - 29, 2020 SEMAPRO 2020 Editors Tim vor der Brück, FFHS, Lucerne University of Applied Sciences and Arts, Switzerland 1 / 80 SEMAPRO 2020 Forward The Fourteenth International Conference on Advances in Semantic Processing (SEMAPRO 2020), held on October 22-29, 2020, continued a series of events that were initiated considering the complexity of understanding and processing information. Semantic processing considers contextual dependencies and adds to the individually acquired knowledge emergent properties and understanding. Hardware and software support and platforms were developed for semantically enhanced information retrieval and interpretation. Searching for video, voice and speech [VVS] raises additional problems to specialized engines with respect to text search. Contextual searching and special patterns-based techniques are current solutions. With the progress on ontology, web services, semantic social media, semantic web, deep web search /deep semantic web/, semantic deep web, semantic networking and semantic reasoning, SEMAPRO 2020 constituted the stage for the state-of-the-art on the most recent advances. The conference had the following tracks: Basics on semantics Domain-oriented semantic applications Semantic applications/platforms/tools We take here the opportunity to warmly thank all the members of the SEMAPRO 2020 technical program committee, as well as all the reviewers. The creation of such a high quality conference program would not have been possible without their involvement. We also kindly thank all the authors that dedicated much of their time and effort to contribute to SEMAPRO 2020. We truly believe that, thanks to all these efforts, the final conference program consisted of top quality contributions. -
Dicionarioct.Pdf
McGraw-Hill Dictionary of Earth Science Second Edition McGraw-Hill New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2003 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Manufactured in the United States of America. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be repro- duced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. 0-07-141798-2 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: 0-07-141045-7 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions, or for use in corporate training programs. For more information, please contact George Hoare, Special Sales, at [email protected] or (212) 904-4069. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw- Hill”) and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decom- pile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill’s prior consent. -
SOLVING the PUZZLE: Researching the Impacts of Climate Change Around the World TABLE of CONTENTS
On the cover: The climate change “puzzle” includes pieces from science and engineering fi elds including ecology, glaciology, atmospheric science, behavioral science, and economics. The photos in this puzzle collage represent the various fi elds that contribute to our full understanding of Earth’s climate. The missing puzzle piece symbolizes the need for continued basic research on global climate change and variability. Cover design: Adrian Apodaca, National Science Foundation Cover photo credits: © 2009 JupiterImages Corporation (background) Sphere: top row, left to right: David Cappaert, Bugwood.org, © University Corporation for Atmospheric Research; © 2009 JupiterImages Corporation. Second row: Eva Horne, Konza Prairie Biological Station; © 2009 JupiterImages Corporation (2). Third row: © 2009 JupiterImages Corporation; Jeffrey Kietzmann, National Science Foundation; © Forrest Brem, courtesy of NatureServe; Digital Vision, Getty Images. Fourth row: Jim Laundre, Arctic LTER; © 2009 JupiterImages Corporation; Lynn Betts, USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service; Peter West, National Science Foundation. Bottom row: David Gochis © University Corporation for Atmospheric Research; © University Corporation for Atmospheric Research SOLVING THE PUZZLE: Researching the Impacts of Climate Change Around the World TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 1 Sky 8 Sky Research Highlights 16 Sea 27 Sea Research Highlights 33 Ice 43 Ice Research Highlights 52 Land 62 Land Research Highlights 66 Life 74 Life Research Highlights 79 People 90 People Research Highlights 98 INTRODUCTION Earth’s Changing Climate To explain the diff erence between weather and climate, scientists often say, “Climate is what you expect, weather is what you get.” Climate is the weather of a particular region, averaged over a long period of time.1 Climate is a fundamental factor in ecosystem health—while most species can survive a sudden change in the weather, such as a heat wave, fl ood, or cold snap—they often cannot survive a long-term change in climate. -
St Peter's Church Magazine September 2017
St Peter’s Church Magazine September 2017 Lovely to see so many at our Pet Service at 12 noon on Sunday 9th July as we gave thanks to God for the roles our pets play and the joy they give. 1 We would like to invite you to our Harvest Thanksgiving Service on Sunday 1st October 2017 at 6.30pm in St Peter’s Church Special Preacher – The Most Revd Anne Hollinghurst, Bishop of Aston And originally from Formby Refreshments afterwards National Trust Members free entrance 2 From the Editorial Team And so September is here! We hope all our readers are refreshed and well rested after the summer holidays because St Peter’s is heading for an extremely busy month, indeed we are about to hit the ground running! Lots of photos in this edition of the magazine, we hope you like those of the Sunday Club and of Nathan’s welcome party. One of the editorial team wanted to have a caption competition for the pets’ service pictures but space is against us! On the first Sunday in the month, September 3rd, the Bishop of Warrington will ‘open’ the Bier House with due celebration, more about this in the magazine. On the 24th September the Revd Sheilagh Williamson is coming to preach and answer questions about our Uganda project. The 17th September is Graham Jones’ last Sunday as our organist after 38 years of leading our music but again, more details of this major event in the life of our church and of the new organist, further in the magazine. -
PSYCHROPHILIC and PSYCHROTOLERANT MICROBIAL EXTREMOPHILES in POLAR ENVIRONMENTS Richard B
https://ntrs.nasa.gov/search.jsp?R=20100002095 2019-08-30T08:31:58+00:00Z 1 PSYCHROPHILIC AND PSYCHROTOLERANT MICROBIAL EXTREMOPHILES IN POLAR ENVIRONMENTS Richard B. Hoovera and Elena V. Pikutab aSpace Science Office, Mail Code 62, NASA/Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL 35812 bNational Space Science and Technology Center, 320 Sparkman Dr., Huntsville, AL 35805, USA [email protected] CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION 2. PRODUCERS OF ORGANIC MATTER IN POLAR ENVIRONMENTS 2.1 Eukaryotic Photosynthetic Microorganisms. 2.1.1 Diatoms 2.1.2 Snow Algae 2.1.3 Prokaryotic Photosynthetic Microorganisms 2.1.4 Bioremediation by Diatoms and Cyanobacteria 2.2. Psychrophilic and Psychrotolerant Anaerobic Chemolithotrophic Autotrophs 2.2.1 Methanogens 2.2.2 Acetogens 3. DECOMPOSERS OF ORGANIC MATTER IN POLAR ENVIRONMENTS 4. EXTREMOPHILES WITHIN PHYSICO-CHEMICAL MATRIX 5. ANAEROBIC EXTREMOPHILES FROM POLAR EXPEDITIONS 5.1 Novel Psychrotolerant Extremophiles from Expeditions to Alaska 5.1.1 Pleistocene Bacterium from Fox Permafrost Tunnel 5.1.2 Novel Acidophile from Chena Hot Springs 5.2 Novel Extremophiles from Antarctica 2000 Expedition 5.2.1 Psychrotolerant Anaerobes from Magellanic Penguin Colony in Southern Patagonia, Chile 5.2.2 Novel Psychrophilic and Psychrotolerant Anaerobes from Patriot Hills, Antarctica 5.3 2008 Tawani International Antarctica Expeditions 5.3.1 Psychrotolerant Anaerobes from the African Penguin guano 5.3.2 Microbial Extremophiles from the Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica 5.3.2.1 Bacteria from Lake Zub (Lake Priyadarshini) 5.3.2.2 Bacteria from Ice Sculptures near Lake Podprudnoye 5.4 Microbial Extremophiles from Lake Untersee 5.4.1 Psychrophilic and Psychrotolerant Anaerobes from Lake Untersee 5.5 Microorganisms in-situ in Ice-Bubbles 6.0 RELEVANCE OF POLAR MICROBIAL EXTREMOPHILES TO ASTROBIOLOGY 7.0 SUMMARY 8.0 REFERENCES Acknowledgements 1 2 1. -
Identity Politics in the European Capital of Culture Initiative
dissertations Tuuli Lähdesmäki | 84 | Tuuli Lähdesmäki | Identity Politics in the European Capital of Culture Initiative The European Capital of Culture is one of the longest running cultural Tuuli Lähdesmäki Identity Politics in the European Capital Culture of Initiative initiatives of the EU. The research investigates the dynamics and power relations in the identity politics of the Identity Politics in the initiative. The focus is on the produc- tion and relations of local, regional, European Capital of national, and European identities and their intertwinement with policy, pro- Culture Initiative motional, and reception discourses of the initiative. The inter-disciplinary investigation combines sociology with policy, urban, reception, and cultural studies. Publications of the University of Eastern Finland Dissertations in Social Sciences and Business Studies Publications of the University of Eastern Finland Dissertations in Social Sciences and Business Studies isbn 978-952-61-1486-6 issn 1798-5757 Identity Politics in the European Capital of Culture Initiative Dissertations in Social Sciences and Business Studies No 84 TUULI LÄHDESMÄKI Identity Politics in the European Capital of Culture Initiative Publications of the University of Eastern Finland Dissertations in Social Sciences and Business Studies No 84 Itä-Suomen yliopisto Yhteiskuntatieteiden ja kauppatieteiden tiedekunta Joensuu 2014 Print: Joensuu, Grano Oy 2014 Editor in-chief: Prof. Kimmo Katajala Editor: MA Eija Fabritius Sales: University of Eastern Finland Library Cover illustration: Colourscape in Turku2011. Photo: Tuuli Lähdesmäki. Back cover illustration: The International Folk Dance Festival in Pécs2010. Photo: Tuuli Lähdesmäki. ISBN (bind): 978-952-61-1485-9 ISSN (bind): 1798-5749 ISSN-L: 1798-5749 ISBN (PDF): 978-952-61-1486-6 ISSN (PDF): 1798-5757 Author: Lähdesmäki, Tuuli Identity Politics in the European Capital of Culture Initiative, 94 p. -
Planet Agriculture: Global Commons Natural Resources, Climate Change, Models & Vision to Feed Hungry Planet
Global Advanced Research Journal of Agricultural Science (ISSN: 2315-5094) Vol. 8(10) pp. 286-299, November, 2019 Issue. Available online http://garj.org/garjas/home Copyright © 2019 Global Advanced Research Journals Full Length Research Paper Planet Agriculture: Global Commons Natural resources, Climate change, Models & Vision to Feed Hungry Planet M.B. Dastagiri and L. Bhavigna 1Principal Scientist, ICAR-National Academy of Agricultural Research Management, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500030. India. 2Young Professional, ICAR-NAARM, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500030. Accepted 24 November, 2019 Natural resources depletion and Climate change impact on the planet could conceivably lead to human extinction. Demographer’s projects that increasing population and consumption are placing record demands on agriculture and natural resources. Globally, food security is major concern. The study researches dynamics of natural resources, climate change and vision to feed hungry planet. The land available for cultivation is 11.6% only. Developing countries using more water to agriculture whereas developed countries to Industry. Agriculture intensification and deforestation have serious environmental impacts. The major sources of pollutants are industrial waste, illegal dumping of solid waste and poor agricultural practices. World population would require 70% increase in overall production by 2050. The planet vision is food for growth, food for peace, food for planet, food for health and food for economic opportunities. Climate change effects oxygen depression, ice melts, global warming, floods, droughts, extinction of animals, plants, birds and biodiversity. Researchers need to estimate the exchange ratio of oxygen and Co 2 between plants and animals, birds, humans then how to bring more area under agriculture is the future step to solve planet environment safety. -
Final Report Helsinki
“Pestalozzi” In-Service Training Programme for Education Professionals CoE 2013 1001-1004 Finland Democracy in Basic Education Dates and place: 1 – 4 October 2013, Helsinki Finland FINAL REPORT Pestalozzi workshop: Democracy in basic education General approach and framework: The general aim of the training activities of the Pestalozzi Programme is to train education professionals to become multipliers for Council of Europe standards and values in education. The work was based on three main pillars: Content : standards and principles as well as project results of the Council of Europe Methodology: learner-centered, peer-training, collaborative work on issues of common concerns to find fit solutions for diverse contexts Four-fold concept of competences development: developing sensitivity and awareness, knowledge and understanding, individual practice, societal practice. Related Council of Europe Project: Recommendation CM/Rec(2010)7 of the Committee of Ministers to member states on the Council of Europe Charter on Education for Democratic Citizenship and Human Rights Education Recommendation 1849 (2008) of the Parliamentary Assembly for the promotion of a culture of democracy and human rights through teacher education ‘Learning and Living Democracy For All’. The workshop focused on the best practices and activities in teaching and learning about democracy, the different forms of democracy in every day’s schooling life especially from the following points of views: Children’s rights and participation in school’s operational culture Different cases on how the Rights of the Child are promoted all around Europe The role of student boards and student associations in basic education. Participants commit themselves to actively participate in all phases of the work: preparatory tasks before the workshop active participation throughout the whole duration of the workshop reporting, follow-up and dissemination after the workshop. -
Ocean Sciences Across the Solar System
Ocean Sciences Across the Solar System FOREWORD The 2016 Congressional Commercial Justice Science and Related Agencies appropriations bill tasked NASA in creating an Ocean Worlds Exploration Program. Their direction for this program was to seek out and discover extant life in Habitable Worlds within the Solar System. In support of these efforts, the Roadmaps to Ocean Worlds (ROW) group puBlished a roadmap to identify and prioritize science oBjectives for ocean worlds over the next several decades (Hendrix et al. 2019). This roadmap has helped prioritize the exploration of ocean worlds. In order for this to be effectuated, a framework of interdisciplinary experts in both Earth and Planetary science is needed. In 2019, NASA established a cross divisional research network to coordinate and enhance NASA funded researchers called the Network for Ocean Worlds. Ocean Sciences Across the Solar System (OASS) was cultivated as a result of this effort, building upon the ROW. OASS is a collaborative effort between Earth and Planetary scientists focusing on the advancement of research related to Ocean Worlds. The coordinated efforts of scientists that work in both Earth’s ocean and oceans in other parts of the Solar System will allow knowledge gaps to be filled and opportunities to be identified for testable ideas based upon existing knowledge of the Earth’s system. Synergistic research questions and collaborations between Earth and Planetary scientists will be developed to further our understanding of Ocean Worlds. An ‘ocean world’ can be defined as a body which plausibly can have or is known to have an existing liquid ocean. Several of these potential candidates have been identified in our own solar system, including Europa, Enceladus and Titan. -
Zlatic Et Al., 2006)
The Meaning of Structure the Value of Link Evidence for Information Retrieval ILLC Dissertation Series DS-2011-03 For further information about ILLC-publications, please contact Institute for Logic, Language and Computation Universiteit van Amsterdam Science Park 904 1098 XH Amsterdam phone: +31-20-525 6051 fax: +31-20-525 5206 e-mail: [email protected] homepage: http://www.illc.uva.nl/ The Meaning of Structure the Value of Link Evidence for Information Retrieval Academisch Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor aan de Universiteit van Amsterdam op gezag van de Rector Magnificus prof.dr. D.C. van den Boom ten overstaan van een door het college voor promoties ingestelde commissie, in het openbaar te verdedigen in de Agnietenkapel op vrijdag 15 april 2011, te 14.00 uur door Marinus Henricus Aloysius Koolen geboren te Hoorn. Promotiecommissie: Promotor: Prof.dr. J.S. MacKenzie-Owen Co-promotor: Dr.ir. J. Kamps Overige commissieleden: Dr. N.E. Craswell Prof.dr. M. Lalmas Dr. M.J. Marx Prof.dr. M. de Rijke Prof.dr.ir. A.P. de Vries Faculteit der Geestewetenschappen Universiteit van Amsterdam The work in this thesis has been funded by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) in the project Multipe- collection Searching Using Metadata (Mu- SeUM), grant number 640.001.501, which is part of the Continuous Access To Cultural Heritage (CATCH) research programme. siks Dissertation Series 2011-15 The research reported in this thesis has been carried out under the auspices of siks, the Dutch Research School for Information and Knowledge Systems. Copyright © 2011 by Marijn Koolen Cover design by Donald Roos.