DOCSLIB.ORG

Investigating Water Responsive Actuation Using the Resurrection Plant Selaginella Lepidophylla As a Model System

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Investigating Water Responsive Actuation Using the Resurrection Plant Selaginella Lepidophylla As a Model System Investigating Water Responsive Actuation using the Resurrection Plant Selaginella lepidophylla as a Model System Véronique Brulé Department of Biology McGill University, Montréal Summer 2018 A thesis submitted to McGill University in partial fulfillment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy © Véronique Brulé 1 ! ABSTRACT Nature is a wealth of inspiration for biomimetic and actuating devices. These devices are, and have been, useful for advancing society, such as giving humans the capability of flight, or providing household products such as velcro. Among the many biomimetic models studied, plants are interesting because of the scope of functions and structures produced from combinations of the same basic cell wall building blocks. Hierarchical investigation of structure and composition at various length-scales has revealed unique micro and nano-scale properties leading to complex functions in plants. A better understanding of such micro and nano-scale properties will lead to the design of more complex actuating devices, including those capable of multiple functions, or those with improved functional lifespan. In this thesis, the resurrection plant Selaginella lepidophylla is explored as a new model for studying actuation. S. lepidophylla reversibly deforms at the organ, tissue, and cell wall level as a physiological response to water loss or gain, and can repeatedly deform over multiple cycles of wetting and drying. Thus, it is an excellent model for studying properties leading to reversible, hierarchical (i.e., multi length-scale) actuation. S. lepidophylla has two stem types, inner (developing) and outer (mature), that display different modes of deformation; inner stems curl into a spiral shape while outer stems curl into an arc shape. In depth investigation of S. lepidophylla revealed that morphological and compositional gradients result in hierarchical stiffness gradients leading to differential tissue swelling/shrinking and, ultimately, directional stem (un)curling. Morphological 2 ! gradients are observed at the tissue level between adaxial and abaxial stem sides, and include changes in tissue density, cell shape, size, and cell angle relative to the stem axis. Compositional gradients are observed along the length of the stem from tip to base at both tissue and cell wall levels and include changes in lignification and xylan distribution. Comparison between inner and outer S. lepidophylla stem types showed that morphological gradients are most likely involved in directional stem bending while compositional gradients appear to contribute to the degree of stem curling. 3 ! RÉSUMÉ La biologie est source d’inspiration pour la production d’appareils biomimétiques et actionnement qui font avancer la technologie. Parmi les modèles biologiques étudiés, les plantes sont des sujets intéressants parce qu’elles présentent plusieurs types de fonctions et structures dérivées des mêmes matériaux de base (i.e., les polymères des parois cellulaires). Des enquêtes hiérarchiques ont démontré que des traits de morphologie et composition au niveau micro et nano sont responsables de fonctions complexes dans les plantes. En étudiant des modèles hiérarchiques pour mieux comprendre les traits qui provoquent le mouvement, on serait en mesure de les reproduire dans des matériaux synthétiques avec des fonctions plus complexes, ou avec une durée de fonction prolongée. Cette thèse explore les espèces Selaginella, une ‘plante de la résurrection’, comme nouveau modèle d’actionnement. Les plantes de la résurrection changent de forme réversiblement à plusieurs échelles de longueur (organe, cellule, paroi cellulaire) en réponse aux fluctuations de contenu en eau. Le changement de forme se répète sur plusieurs cycles de déshydratation et réhydratation. Donc, ces espèces sont des modèles idéaux pour étudier les traits qui provoquent l’actionnement hiérarchique et répétable. De plus, les tiges de S. lepidophylla démontrent des modalités de mouvement différentes. En déshydratant, les tiges intérieures se recourbent sur elles-mêmes en spirale, et les tiges extérieures se courbe en forme d’arc. Une enquête compréhensive de S. lepidophylla a démontré que des changements gradés en morphologie et composition résultent en des changements gradés et 4 ! hiérarchiques de rigidité responsables de l’engorgement et l’assèchement différentiels des tissus, ce qui explique le mouvement directionnel des tiges. Les changements gradés en morphologie s’observent au niveau du tissu entre les régions adaxiale et abaxiale de la tige incluant des changements dans la densité du tissu ainsi que l’angle cellulaire relatif à l’axe de la tige. Les changements gradés en composition sont observables au long de la tige, au niveau du tissu et la paroi cellulaire, et incluent des changements en lignification et en distribution de xylane. En comparant des tiges vivantes et mortes de S. lepidophylla, il a été démontré que les changements en morphologie sont responsables pour du mouvement directionnel de la tige, et que les changements en composition déterminent le point où la tige peut courber. 5 ! ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would like to begin by thanking Dr. Tamara Western for her all her guidance and support during my research project. Tamara, I feel privileged to have learned so much from you. Not only did you show me how to perform research, but you fostered my love for teaching and helped me to grow as an instructor. Thanks for all our conversations, from the serious ones right down to cat stories and chats about writing. Thank you to my collaborators in engineering: Dr. Damiano Pasini, Dr. Ahmad Rafsanjani, and Dr. Meisam Asgari. Mechanics was a steep learning curve, but you showed me how interesting a field it is and how to navigate it best from a biologist’s point of view. I appreciate all your insight and guidance, and am grateful to have worked alongside you. I would also like to thank my committee members, Dr. Tom Bureau and Dr. Alejandro Rey, for your excellent feedback on my project. Thanks to my awesome labmates: Mike Ogden, Jonathan Palozzi, Lydiane Gaborieau, and Bronwen Froward. Coming to the lab was guaranteed to be fun with all of you around! And to Joe, Frank Anne-Marie, and Kathy – thanks for all the great conversations and laughs! You made Stewart Bio a memorable place. MB, this journey would have been a lot more difficult without your daily smiles, words of encouragement, and all your homemade bread! Manimal and Taya, you are THE best furry thesis co-writers. Your love and snuggles kept me sane. Mom B and Pop B, I am forever grateful for all your love, support and your belief in me. You gave me the strength and confidence to see this through. Finally, thank you to everyone else whose feedback or kind words helped me on this PhD journey! ! 6 ! AUTHOR CONTRIBUTION AND CHAPTER OVERVIEW This thesis contains four chapters, three of which are original research. Chapter 1 is a literature review that provides an overview of the various topics explored in this research project. Chapters 2-4 contain original contribution to our understanding of the hierarchical compositional and morphological features, as well as the mechanical forces arising from these features, that drive stem deformation in the resurrection plant Selaginella lepidophylla. Appendix 1 includes a meta-analysis of stiffness in Arabidopsis thaliana as it relates to plant function, and also highlights other plant models used to study stiffness in relation to plant deformation and actuation. Appendices 2-3 include small experiments that complement the work presented in Chapters 2-4, but that will not be included in any manuscripts. Finally, Appendix 4 preliminarily explores the relationship between water movement and corresponding vegetative tissue deformation in both Selaginella lepidophylla and Myrothamnus flabellifolius. Chapter 2: This chapter is published. I performed the microscopy, timelapse video capture, and weight loss quantification, while Dr. Ahmad Rafsanjani performed the computational modelling. We both performed tensile testing experiments. The manuscript was co-written by Dr. Rafsanjani and I, and Drs. Tamara Western and Damiano Pasini reviewed and provided feedback on the manuscript. Chapter 3: This chapter is in preparation for publication and is expected to be submitted within the next month. I carried out all the presented work, with the following exceptions: Dr. Rafsanjani performed the micro-computed x-ray tomography experiments described 7 ! in the text and presented in Figure 3.2. Dr. Meisam Asgari performed the atomic force microscopy imaging and indentation presented in Figure 3.3. Again, Drs. Tamara Western and Damiano Pasini reviewed and provided feedback on the manuscript. Chapter 4: This chapter is in preparation for publication for NanoLetters (which combines results and discussion into a single section), and is expected to be submitted within the next month. Dr. Asgari performed the atomic force microscopy experiments while I carried out the other microscopy (brightfield, immunofluorescence, and scanning electron microscopy) presented in the chapter. Drs. Tamara Western and Damiano Pasini reviewed and provided feedback on the manuscript. Appendix 1: This work is published. Dr. Tamara Western and I wrote the bulk of the manuscript, with contributions from Drs. Damiano Pasini and Ahmad Rafsanjani. Appendices 2-3: I performed all these experiments myself. Appendix 4: The data presented here will be prepared for publication, along with x-ray tomography data collected from
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Comparative Transcriptome Analysis Suggests Convergent Evolution Of
    Alejo-Jacuinde et al. BMC Plant Biology (2020) 20:468 https://doi.org/10.1186/s12870-020-02638-3 RESEARCH ARTICLE Open Access Comparative transcriptome analysis suggests convergent evolution of desiccation tolerance in Selaginella species Gerardo Alejo-Jacuinde1,2, Sandra Isabel González-Morales3, Araceli Oropeza-Aburto1, June Simpson2 and Luis Herrera-Estrella1,4* Abstract Background: Desiccation tolerant Selaginella species evolved to survive extreme environmental conditions. Studies to determine the mechanisms involved in the acquisition of desiccation tolerance (DT) have focused on only a few Selaginella species. Due to the large diversity in morphology and the wide range of responses to desiccation within the genus, the understanding of the molecular basis of DT in Selaginella species is still limited. Results: Here we present a reference transcriptome for the desiccation tolerant species S. sellowii and the desiccation sensitive species S. denticulata. The analysis also included transcriptome data for the well-studied S. lepidophylla (desiccation tolerant), in order to identify DT mechanisms that are independent of morphological adaptations. We used a comparative approach to discriminate between DT responses and the common water loss response in Selaginella species. Predicted proteomes show strong homology, but most of the desiccation responsive genes differ between species. Despite such differences, functional analysis revealed that tolerant species with different morphologies employ similar mechanisms to survive desiccation. Significant functions involved in DT and shared by both tolerant species included induction of antioxidant systems, amino acid and secondary metabolism, whereas species-specific responses included cell wall modification and carbohydrate metabolism. Conclusions: Reference transcriptomes generated in this work represent a valuable resource to study Selaginella biology and plant evolution in relation to DT.
    [Show full text]
  • Desiccation Tolerance: Phylogeny and Phylogeography
    Desiccation Tolerance: Phylogeny and Phylogeography BioQUEST Workshop 2009 Resurrection Plants Desiccation tolerant Survive dehydration Survive in dormant state for extended time period Survive rehydration Xerophyta humilis, from J. Farrant web site (http://www.mcb.uct.ac.za/Staff/JMF/index.htm) Figure 2. Selaginella lepidophylla http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ File:Rose_of_Jericho.gif Desiccation Issues Membrane integrity Protein structure Generation of free radicals Rascia, N, La Rocca, N. 2005 Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences Solutions Repair upon hydration Prevent damage during dehydration Production/accumulation of replacement solutes Inhibition of photosynthesis http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/staff/dave/roanoke/elodeacell.jpg Evolution of Desiccation Tolerance From Oliver, et al 2000. Plant Ecology Convergent Evolution Among Vascular Plants From Oliver, et al 2000. Plant Ecology Desiccation Tolerance in Vascular Plants Seeds Pollen Spores Osmotic stress Desertification 40% of Earth’s surface 38% of population Low productivity Lack of water Depletion of soil Loss of soil Delicate system Using Evolutionary Relationships to Identify Genes for Crop Enhancement If desiccation sensitive plants have retained genes involved in desiccation tolerance, perhaps expression of those genes can be genetically modified to enhance desiccation tolerance. Expression patterns in dehydratingTortula and Xerophyta Michael Luth Xerophyta humilis, from J. Farrant web site (http://www.mcb.uct.ac.za/Staff/JMF/index.htm) ? Methods Occurrence data for Anastatica hierochuntic: o Downloaded from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (gbif.org). o Of 127 available occurrence points, only 68 were georeferenced with latitude and longitude information. Environmental layers: Precipitation and temperature from the IPCC climate dataset Niche Modeling: Maximum Entropy (Maxent) Maxent principle is to estimate the probability distribution such as the spatial distribution of a species.
    [Show full text]
  • Topic 11: Land Plants, Part 1 (Bryophytes, Ferns & Fern Allies)
    BIOL 221 – Concepts of Botany Spring 2008 Topic 11: Land Plants, part 1 (Bryophytes, Ferns & Fern Allies) A. Objectives for today’s lab . 1. Get to know 2 of the three groups of bryophytes (liverworts & mosses). 2. Get to know some of the Ferns and Fern Allies, which include some of the earliest lineages of vascular plants (represented today by Psilotum, Lycopodium, Equisetum, & Ferns—Boston (sword) fern, Staghorn fern) 3. Think about the morphological/anatomical innovations that are represented by each. Place these in the context of the origins of leaves, roots, and the fossil record and green plant phylogeny. 4. Know the general sequence of appearance: Green Algae ==> Bryophyte Lineages ==> Lycopod & Horsetail Lineages ==> Fern Lineages ==> Seed Plants (Gymnosperms & Angiosperms) B. Green Plant Phylogeny . Concepts of Botany, (page 1 of 12) C. NonVascular Free-Sporing Land Plants (Bryophytes) . C1. Liverworts . a. **LIVING MATERIAL**: Marchantia &/or Conacephalum (thallose liverworts). The conspicuous green plants are the gametophytes. With a dissecting scope, observe the polygonal outlines of the air chambers. On parts of the thallus are drier, it is easy to see the pore opening to the chamber. These are not stomata. They cannot open and close and the so the thallus can easily dry out if taking from water. Note the gemmae cups on some of that thalli. Ask your instructor what these are for. DRAW THEM TOO. b. **SLIDES**. Using the compound microscope, make observations of the vegetative and reproductive parts of various liverwort species. Note the structure of the air-chambers and the photosynthetic cells inside on the Marchantia sections! Concepts of Botany, (page 2 of 12) C2.
    [Show full text]
  • Plastid Genomes of the Early Vascular Plant Genus Selaginella Have Unusual Direct Repeat Structures and Drastically Reduced Gene Numbers
    International Journal of Molecular Sciences Article Plastid Genomes of the Early Vascular Plant Genus Selaginella Have Unusual Direct Repeat Structures and Drastically Reduced Gene Numbers Hyeonah Shim 1, Hyeon Ju Lee 1, Junki Lee 1,2, Hyun-Oh Lee 1,2, Jong-Hwa Kim 3, Tae-Jin Yang 1,* and Nam-Soo Kim 4,* 1 Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Bioresources, Plant Genomics & Breeding Institute, Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Korea; [email protected] (H.S.); [email protected] (H.J.L.); [email protected] (J.L.); [email protected] (H.-O.L.) 2 Phyzen Genomics Institute, Seongnam 13558, Korea 3 Department of Horticulture, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea; [email protected] 4 Department of Molecular Bioscience, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea * Correspondence: [email protected] (T.-J.Y.); [email protected] (N.-S.K.); Tel.: +82-2-880-4547 (T.-J.Y.); +82-33-250-6472 (N.-S.K.) Abstract: The early vascular plants in the genus Selaginella, which is the sole genus of the Selaginel- laceae family, have an important place in evolutionary history, along with ferns, as such plants are valuable resources for deciphering plant evolution. In this study, we sequenced and assembled the plastid genome (plastome) sequences of two Selaginella tamariscina individuals, as well as Se- laginella stauntoniana and Selaginella involvens. Unlike the inverted repeat (IR) structures typically found in plant plastomes, Selaginella species had direct repeat (DR) structures, which were confirmed by Oxford Nanopore long-read sequence assembly.
    [Show full text]
  • Viability Markers for Determination of Desiccation Tolerance and Critical Stages During
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.23.436672; this version posted March 24, 2021. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 Viability markers for determination of desiccation tolerance and critical stages during 2 dehydration in Selaginella species 3 Gerardo Alejo-Jacuinde1,2,3, Tania Kean-Galeno1,3, Norma Martínez-Gallardo4, J. Daniel 4 Tejero-Díez5, Klaus Mehltreter6, John P. Délano-Frier4, Melvin J. Oliver7, June Simpson2, 5 and Luis Herrera-Estrella1,3* 6 1National Laboratory of Genomics for Biodiversity (Langebio), Centro de Investigación y 7 de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 36824, Irapuato, Guanajuato, 8 Mexico 9 2Department of Genetic Engineering, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del 10 Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 36824 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico 11 3Institute of Genomics for Crop Abiotic Stress Tolerance (IGCAST), Department of Plant 12 and Soil Science, Texas Tech University, 79409 Lubbock, Texas, USA 13 4Department of Biotechnology and Biochemistry, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios 14 Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, 36824 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico 15 5Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 16 54090 Tlalnepantla, Estado de Mexico, Mexico 17 6Red de Ecología Funcional, Instituto de Ecología A.C., 91070 Xalapa, Veracruz, México 18 7Division of Plant Sciences, Interdisciplinary Plant Group, University of Missouri, 19 Columbia, MO 65211, USA 20 Gerardo Alejo-Jacuinde: [email protected] 21 Tania Kean-Galeno: [email protected] 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.03.23.436672; this version posted March 24, 2021.
    [Show full text]
  • Dispersal Traits in the Hyper-Arid Hot Desert of the United Arab Emirates
    Plant Ecology and Evolution 151 (2): 194–208, 2018 https://doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.2018.1359 REGULAR PAPER Dispersal traits in the hyper-arid hot desert of the United Arab Emirates 1,2,* 2 3,4 Hatem A. Shabana , Teresa Navarro & Ali El-Keblawy 1Sharjah Seed Bank and Herbarium, Sharjah Research Academy, P.O. Box 60999, Sharjah, UAE 2Departamento de Biología Vegetal, Universidad de Málaga, P.O. Box 59, 29080, Málaga, Spain 3Department of Applied Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, UAE 4Permanent address: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Arish University, Al-Arish, Egypt *Author for correspondence: [email protected] Background and aims – This study describes the dispersal traits of 302 species in five Afro-Arabian habitats from the hyper-arid hot desert of United Arabian Emirates (UAE). Methods – Diaspore size (diaspora length) was studied in relation to growth forms, dispersal modes, presence of structures for long distance dispersal, APG IV groups, phytogeography and dispersal phenology using ANOVA and Pearson χ2 test-statistical analyses. Results – Small diaspores were predominant (six orders of magnitude from 10-4 to 102). The major diaspores were found in Fabids phylogenetic APG IV group (1.80±0.41 cm) mainly trees and the minor in Commelinids (0.30±0.08 cm). The most dominant dispersal mode was semachory (43.7% of the total and 67.5% of the herbaceous species), followed by anemo-meteochory (28.8%) and barochory (23.8%). Semachores/barochores (67.5%) formed the largest groups from the Fabaceae, Poaceae, Boraginaceae, Brassicaceae and Amaranthaceae families.
    [Show full text]
  • Ajo Peak to Tinajas Altas: a Flora of Southwestern Arizona. Part 13
    Felger, R.S., S. Rutman, and N.C. Taylor. 2015. Ajo Peak to Tinajas Altas: A flora of southwestern Arizona. Part 13. Eudicots: Euphorbiaceae. Phytoneuron 2015-26: 1–65. Published 15 April 2015. SSN 2153 733X AJO PEAK TO TINAJAS ALTAS: A FLORA OF SOUTHWESTERN ARIZONA Part 13. EUDICOTS: EUPHORBIACEAE – SPURGE FAMILY RICHARD STEPHEN FELGER Herbarium, University of Arizona Tucson, Arizona 85721 & Sky Island Alliance P.O. Box 41165 Tucson, Arizona 85717 *Author for correspondence: [email protected] SUSAN RUTMAN 90 West 10 th Street Ajo, Arizona 85321 [email protected] NATHAN CALEB TAYLOR Biological, Geological, and Physical Sciences Department Sul Ross State University Alpine, Texas 79830 [email protected] ABSTRACT A floristic and natural history account is provided for the spurge family as part of the vascular plant flora of the contiguous protected areas of Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument, Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge, and the Tinajas Altas Region in the Sonoran Desert of southwestern Arizona. This contribution includes 31 species in 8 genera, all of which are native to the region except Euphorbia prostrata and perhaps Euphorbia spathulata . At least 9 species are represented in fossil record. Euphorbia , with 18 species, is the most diverse genus in the flora of southwest Arizona. Euphorbia spathulata is the only obligate cool-season ephemeral among the spurge family in the flora area and is not known elsewhere in the core area of the Sonoran Desert, and Jatropha cinerea is not known elsewhere in the USA. This publication, encompassing the Euphorbiaceae, is our 13th contribution to the vascular plant flora in southwestern Arizona.
    [Show full text]
  • ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS and ECOLOGICAL TRENDS in the XYLEM and PHLOEM of BRASSICACEAE and RESEDACAE Fritz Hans Schweingruber
    IAWA Journal, Vol. 27 (4), 2006: 419–442 ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND ECOLOGICAL TRENDS IN THE XYLEM AND PHLOEM OF BRASSICACEAE AND RESEDACAE Fritz Hans Schweingruber Swiss Federal Research Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland (= corresponding address) SUMMARY The xylem and phloem of Brassicaceae (116 and 82 species respectively) and the xylem of Resedaceae (8 species) from arid, subtropical and tem- perate regions in Western Europe and North America is described and ana- lysed, compared with taxonomic classifications, and assigned to their ecological range. The xylem of different life forms (herbaceous plants, dwarf shrubs and shrubs) of both families consists of libriform fibres and short, narrow vessels that are 20–50 μm in diameter and have alter- nate vestured pits and simple perforations. The axial parenchyma is para- tracheal and, in most species, the ray cells are exclusively upright or square. Very few Brassicaceae species have helical thickening on the vessel walls, and crystals in fibres. The xylem anatomy of Resedaceae is in general very similar to that of the Brassicaceae. Vestured pits occur only in one species of Resedaceae. Brassicaceae show clear ecological trends: annual rings are usually dis- tinct, except in arid and subtropical lowland zones; semi-ring-porosity decreases from the alpine zone to the hill zone at lower altitude. Plants with numerous narrow vessels are mainly found in the alpine zone. Xylem without rays is mainly present in plants growing in the Alps, both at low and high altitudes. The reaction wood of the Brassicaceae consists primarily of thick-walled fibres, whereas that of the Resedaceae contains gelatinous fibres.
    [Show full text]
  • Vegetation Classification List Update for Big Bend National Park and Rio Grande National Wild and Scenic River
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Vegetation Classification List Update for Big Bend National Park and Rio Grande National Wild and Scenic River Natural Resource Report NPS/CHDN/NRR—2011/299 ON THE COVER Chisos Basin, as viewed from Casa Grande Peak. Image provided by NPS Vegetation Classification List Update for Big Bend National Park and Rio Grande National Wild and Scenic River Natural Resource Report NPS/CHDN/NRR—2011/299 James Von Loh Cogan Technology, Inc. 8140 East Lightening View Drive Parker, Colorado 80134 Dan Cogan Cogan Technology, Inc. 21 Valley Road Galena, Illinois 61036 February 2011 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Program Center Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Program Center publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Report Series is used to disseminate high-priority, current natural resource management information with managerial application. The series targets a general, diverse audience, and may contain NPS policy considerations or address sensitive issues of management applicability. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner. This report received informal peer review by subject-matter experts who were not directly involved in the collection, analysis, or reporting of the data.
    [Show full text]
  • Evidence from an Ethnobotany Survey in Morocco Julien Blanco, Stéphanie Carrière
    Sharing local ecological knowledge as a human adaptation strategy to arid environments: Evidence from an ethnobotany survey in Morocco Julien Blanco, Stéphanie Carrière To cite this version: Julien Blanco, Stéphanie Carrière. Sharing local ecological knowledge as a human adaptation strategy to arid environments: Evidence from an ethnobotany survey in Morocco. Journal of Arid Environ- ments, Elsevier, 2016, Journal of Arid Environments, 127, pp.30 - 43. 10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.10.021. hal-01388049 HAL Id: hal-01388049 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01388049 Submitted on 4 Nov 2016 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Title: Sharing local ecological knowledge as a human adaptation strategy to arid environments: evidence from an ethnobotany survey in Morocco. Authors: Julien BLANCO a,1, Stéphanie M. CARRIERE a a IRD, UMR-220 GRED, 911, Av. Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier Cedex 5, France, [email protected], [email protected] 1 Corresponding author: Phone: (33) 4 67 63 69 82; Fax: (33) 4 67 63 87 78 Abstract In order to cope with uncertainty, human populations living in drylands have developed social-risk management strategies (SRMS) and own extended ecological knowledge (LEK), which contributes to their resilience and adaptive capacity.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Diuretic Effect of Alkaloids Fraction Extracted from Selaginella
    Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas ISSN: 0717-7917 [email protected] Universidad de Santiago de Chile Chile MELENDEZ-CAMARGO, María Estela; CONTRERAS-LEÓN, Isaías; SILVA-TORRES, Rafael Diuretic effect of alkaloids fraction extracted from Selaginella lepidophylla (Hook. et Grev.) Spring Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas, vol. 13, núm. 1, 2014, pp. 92-99 Universidad de Santiago de Chile Santiago, Chile Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=85629766009 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative © 2014 Boletín Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Plantas Medicinales y Aromáticas 13 (1): 92 - 99 ISSN 0717 7917 www.blacpma.usach.cl Artículo Original | Original Article Diuretic effect of alkaloids fraction extracted from Selaginella lepidophylla (Hook. et Grev.) Spring [Efecto diurético de la fracción con contenido de alcaloides extraída de Selaginella lepidophylla (Hook. et Grev.) Spring] María Estela MELENDEZ-CAMARGO1, Isaías CONTRERAS-LEÓN1 & Rafael SILVA-TORRES2 1Laboratorio de Farmacología y Toxicología Renal y Hepática 2Laboratorio de Fitoquímica, Departamento de Farmacia, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas (ENCB), Zacatenco del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Av. Wilfrido Massieu s/n, Unidad Profesional Adolfo López Mateos, Col. Lindavista, CP 07738, México, DF, México. Contactos | Contacts: María Estela MELENDEZ-CAMARGO - E-mail address: [email protected] Abstract: The aerial parts of Selaginella lepidophylla (Hook. et Grev.) Spring, are used in Mexican folk medicine to treat renal diseases.
    [Show full text]
  • 2776-0979 Volume 2, Issue 4, April, 2021 PHARMACOLOGICAL AND
    ISSN: 2776-0979 Volume 2, Issue 4, April, 2021 PHARMACOLOGICAL AND MEDICINAL ACTIVITIES OF RESURRECTION PLANTS Gali Adamu Ishaku Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Adamawa State *Corresponding author email: [email protected] Muhammad Akram Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad-Pakistan Umme Laila Department of Eastern Medicine, Government College University Faisalabad-Pakistan Ayuba Abaka Kalum Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Adamawa State Daniel Thakuma Tizhe Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Adamawa State Bello Pariya Ardo 3Chevron Biotechnology Centre, Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Adamawa State. Abstract Resurrection plants are special kinds of plants in that they can survive almost complete desiccation from their vegetative parts. They do so by shutting down their metabolic systems to tolerate dehydration and the plants are obviously lifeless. In the recent past, invaluable bioactive compounds from resurrection plants have attracted much attention cognizance of their potential application in medicine. Some of these 323 metabolites are reported to have antibacterial, anticancer, antifungal, and antiviral biological effectiveness. In this review article, particular emphases are made on pharmacological and medicinal applications of some resurrection plants. Key words: Desiccation, Medicinal
    [Show full text]