Field Key to the Small Terrestrial Mammals (Orders Insectivora and Rodentia) of the Santa Fe Watershed

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Field Key to the Small Terrestrial Mammals (Orders Insectivora and Rodentia) of the Santa Fe Watershed FIELD KEY TO THE SMALL TERRESTRIAL MAMMALS (ORDERS INSECTIVORA AND RODENTIA) OF THE SANTA FE WATERSHED JENNIFER K. FREY DEPARTMENT OF FISHERY AND WILDLIFE SCIENCES P.O. BOX 30003, CAMPUS BOX 4901 NEW MEXICO STATE UNIVERSITY LAS CRUCES, NEW MEXICO 88003-0003 Note: Keys are for adult specimens. Juvenile rodents are typically a dull gray color; hind feet often measure equivalent to adults in all but the youngest of some species. Use a thin, stiff ruler for measurements; ruler should be cut to start at 0 mm mark. Tail should be measured with ruler placed along the dorsal surface of the tail (0 at the junction between tail and rump) and with the tail perpendicular to the body; measure to the end of the last vertebrae (not the hair). Hindfoot should be measured with ruler placed along the bottom of the foot (0 at the heel) with the foot bent perpendicular to the leg; measure to the end of the longest claw (not to the end of the toe). Ear should be measured with the ruler placed into the notch at the base of ear (0 at notch); measure the longest distance to the end of the external ear. KEY TO THE SMALL TERRESTRIAL MAMMALS 1a Long pointed flexible nose extends well beyond mouth, small eyes, small external ears…………..(Order Insectivora) 2 1b Not as above; single pair of upper and lower incisors separated from other teeth by a large gap……………………………….…………………………………..…………………………………………...(Order Rodentia) 6 ORDER INSECTIVORA (INSECTIVORES) FAMILY SORICIDAE (SHREWS) 2a Tail < ½ body; external ear extend beyond fur………………………………………….….Notiosorex crawfordi [NOCR] Desert shrew - possible in woodland. 2b Tail > ½ body, external ears hidden in fur………………………………………………………………….………….………….3 3a Size large; distinctly bicolored body-black dorsal, white ventral; hindfeet fringed with stiff hairs…………………………………………………………………………………………..….…..Sorex palustris [SOPA] Water shrew - occurs in wet habitats. 3b Not as above………………………………………………………………………………………….………………………………4 4a Hindfoot < 11.5; brownish…………………………………………………………………………..…….Sorex nanus [SONA] Dwarf shrew - occurs primarily in forested habitats; requires specimen to confirm identification. 4b Hindfoot > 11.5……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….5 5a Brownish; underparts tan or gray; relatively large body..……………………………..….……..Sorex monticolus [SOMO] Montane shrew - occurs primarily in mesic forest, meadow and riparian habitats; requires specimen to confirm identification. 5b Brownish; underparts and feet brownish or buffy…………………………….…….…..………..…..Sorex cinereus [SOCI] Cinereus shrew - occurs primarily in wet areas in coniferous forest or montane meadows; requires specimen to confirm identification. Sorex preblei is very similar and is possible in relatively arid habitats. 5c Grayish; underparts and feet whitish………………………………………………………………....Sorex merriami [SOME] Merriam’s shrew - occurs primarily in woodland, scrub or arid forested habitat; requires specimen to confirm identification. ORDER RODENTIA (RODENTS) 6a External cheek pouches present…………………..………..……………………….(Families Geomyidae, Heteromyidae) 7 6b External cheek pouches absent……….………………..………………………(Families Sciuridae, Muridae, Dipodidae) 13 7a External ears reduced, barely visible above fur; tail < 60% body; fusiform body shape; long front claws…………………………………………………………………………………….……………………(Family Geomyidae) 8 7b External ears extend beyond fur; tail > 60% body……………….…………………..……………...(Family Heteromyidae) 9 FAMILY GEOMYIDAE (POCKET GOPHERS) 8a Richly colored with small black patches behind ears………………………..…………………..Thomomys bottae [THBO] Botta’s pocket gopher - occurs in the lower elevations of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains and are occasionally caught in Sherman traps. Requires specimen to confirm identification. 8b Less richly colored with larger black patches behind ears…………………………………..Thomomys talpoides [THTA] Northern pocket gopher - occurs in the higher elevations of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains and are occasionally caught in Sherman traps. Requires specimen to confirm identification. FAMILY HETEROMYIDAE (KANGAROO RATS) 9a Hindfoot sole densely furred along length…………………………………………………..….……………(Kangaroo rats) 10 9b Hindfoot sole partially furred or naked………………………………………………………….………………(Pocket mice) 11 10a Size large; hindfoot > 44; tail tip white…….…………………………………...….…………Dipodomys spectabilis [DISP] Banner-tailed kangaroo rat - unlikely in level open juniper woodland. 10b Size small; hindfoot < 43; tail tip dark……………………..………………….……...……………...Dipodomys ordii [DIOR] Ord’s kangaroo rat - possible in the woodland zone. 11a Tail > 60; hindfoot 18-20, usually 19; light patch behind ear present but not conspicuous……………………………………………………..………………….Perognathus flavescens apache [PEAP] Apache pocket mouse - unlikely in very sandy areas in woodland zone. 11b Tail < 61; hindfoot 15-19, usually 17; light patch behind ear conspicuous….………………Perognathus flavus [PEFL] Silky pocket mouse - possible in woodland zone. 12a Pelage color pattern with stripes, spots or mottling………………………….………………(Family Sciuridae, squirrels) 13 12b Pelage color pattern without stripes, spots or mottling……………………....…(Family Muridae, rats, mice and voles) 18 FAMILY SCIURIDAE (SQUIRRELS) 13a Black and white stripes on sides of head……………..……………………………………..……….(Tamias, chipmunks) 18 13b No stripes on face………………………………………………………………………………..…………………..………..… 19 14a Hindfoot < 32; blackish lateral stripes; buffy upper lip; brighter coloration; small……...…..….Tamias minimus [TAMI] Least chipmunk - occurs primarily in spruce-fir forest but may occur in other habitats at lower elevations. 14b Hindfoot > 33; brownish lateral stripes; whitish upper lip; duller coloration………..…...Tamias quadrivittatus [TAQU] Colorado chipmunk - occurs primarily in ponderosa pine and mixed conifer forest. 15a Stripes on back or sides………………………………………………………………………..…………………………………16 15b No stripes on back or sides………………………………………………………………..……………………………………..17 16a Superficially resembles chipmunk due to lateral stripes; no facial stripes………..……..Spermophilus lateralis [SPLA] Golden-mantled ground squirrel – occurs in conifer forest. 16b Dorsal pattern of stripes alternating with rows of spots…………………..…….Spermophilus tridecemlineatus [SPTR] Thirteen-lined ground squirrel – unlikely in large grasslands. 16c Reddish dorsal color separated from white belly by black stripe……………....…….Tamiasciurus hudsonicus [TAHU] Red squirrel – occurs primarily in mixed conifer and spruce-fir forest but occasionally found in other forest types; occasionally caught in Sherman traps. 17a Overall grayish or brownish pelage with mottled appearance; mottling may appear like white spots; tail bushy; adults large (tail >150; hindfoot > 48)……………………………………………..….….Spermophilus variegatus [SPVA] Rock squirrel - occurs primarily below the forest zone but may occupy relatively open rocky habitats at higher elevations. Juveniles occasionally caught in Sherman traps; adults too large. 17b Overall tannish or reddish pelage with light spots on back; tail well-furred but not bushy; adults medium (tail < 90; hindfoot 29-35)………………………………………………..Spermophilus spilosoma [SPSP] Spotted ground squirrel – possible in woodland. Families Muridae (Rats, Mice and Voles) and Dipodidae (Jumping Mice) 18a Tail < 60% body…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….19 18b Tail > 60% body ….………………………………………………………………….……………………………………………..22 19a Soles of feet furred; tail white-tipped; ears conspicuous; distinctive odor………….…Onychomys leucogaster [ONLE] Northern grasshopper mouse – possible in woodland. 19b Soles of feet naked or slightly haired; no white tip on tail; ears not conspicuous……………………...……….…(voles) 20 Voles 20a Tail > 1/3 total; tail > 50; may have reddish dorsal color………………………………...….Microtus longicaudus [MILO] Long-tailed vole - occurs primarily in mesic forest and riparian shrub habitat 20b Tail < 1/3 total length; tail < 50……………………………………………………………………………………………………21 21a Dorsal color brown; tail 39-50; hindfoot > 20……………………………………………..Microtus pennsylvanicus [MIPE] Meadow vole – occurs in wet meadows and marsh with saturated soil 21b Dorsal color reddish, face and flanks gray, belly whitish; tail < 21; hindfoot < 20.….…Clethrionomys gapperi [CLGA] Southern red-backed vole – occurs in mesic sites in mixed conifer and spruce-fir forest 21c Dorsal color grayish brown; tail 30-39; hindfoot < 20…………………….………….….Phenacomys intermedius [PHIN] Heather vole – rare occupant of the higher elevations of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains but little is known about its habitat affinities; requires specimen for verification. Mice 22a Tail long, scaly, with few hairs……………………………………………………………………………………………………23 26b Tail furred……..………………………….…………………………………………………………………………………………24 23a Tail > 120; pelage tricolored-white belly, orangish flanks, broad brownish mid-dorsal stripe………………………………………………………………………………………….Zapus princeps [ZAPR] Western jumping mouse – occurs primarily in riparian shrub (willow) habitat. It is remotely possible for the meadow jumping mouse (Z. hudsonicus) to occur in the watershed. This species is slightly smaller, has a more distinct bicolor tail and less well defined mid-dorsal stripe; it would likely inhabit marsh or wet meadow habitat; requires specimen for verification. 23b Tail < 100; uniformly gray-belly not obviously lighter than back…………………………………...Mus musculus [MUMU] House mouse - possible near human dwellings. 24a Mouse-like; hindfoot < 26………..……..……………………………………………….…………...(deer and harvest mice) 25 24b Rat-like; hindfoot > 27……………………..…………………………………………….………….…..(Neotoma, wood rats) 30 25a Tail not
Recommended publications
  • Geographic Distribution of Hantaviruses Associated with Neotomine and Sigmodontine Rodents, Mexico Mary L
    Geographic Distribution of Hantaviruses Associated with Neotomine and Sigmodontine Rodents, Mexico Mary L. Milazzo,1 Maria N.B. Cajimat,1 Hannah E. Romo, Jose G. Estrada-Franco, L. Ignacio Iñiguez-Dávalos, Robert D. Bradley, and Charles F. Fulhorst To increase our knowledge of the geographic on the North American continent are Bayou virus, Black distribution of hantaviruses associated with neotomine or Creek Canal virus (BCCV), Choclo virus (CHOV), New sigmodontine rodents in Mexico, we tested 876 cricetid York virus, and Sin Nombre virus (SNV) (3–7). Other rodents captured in 18 Mexican states (representing at hantaviruses that are principally associated with neotomine least 44 species in the subfamily Neotominae and 10 or North American sigmodontine rodents include Carrizal species in the subfamily Sigmodontinae) for anti-hantavirus virus (CARV), Catacamas virus, El Moro Canyon virus IgG. We found antibodies against hantavirus in 35 (4.0%) rodents. Nucleotide sequence data from 5 antibody-positive (ELMCV), Huitzilac virus (HUIV), Limestone Canyon rodents indicated that Sin Nombre virus (the major cause of virus (LSCV), Montano virus (MTNV), Muleshoe virus hantavirus pulmonary syndrome [HPS] in the United States) (MULV), Playa de Oro virus, and Rio Segundo virus is enzootic in the Mexican states of Nuevo León, San Luis (RIOSV) (8–14). Potosí, Tamaulipas, and Veracruz. However, HPS has not Specifi c rodents (usually 1 or 2 closely related been reported from these states, which suggests that in species) are the principal hosts of the hantaviruses, northeastern Mexico, HPS has been confused with other for which natural host relationships have been well rapidly progressive, life-threatening respiratory diseases.
    [Show full text]
  • <I>Psammomys Obesus</I>
    Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science Vol 51, No 6 Copyright 2012 November 2012 by the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science Pages 769–774 Sex-Associated Effects on Hematologic and Serum Chemistry Analytes in Sand Rats (Psammomys obesus) Julie D Kane,1,* Thomas J Steinbach,1 Rodney X Sturdivant,2 and Robert E Burks3 We sought to determine whether sex had a significant effect on the hematologic and serum chemistry analytes in adult sand rats (Psammomys obesus) maintained under normal laboratory conditions. According to the few data available for this species, we hypothesized that levels of hematologic and serum chemistry analytes would not differ significantly between clinically normal male and female sand rats. Data analysis revealed several significant differences in hematologic parameters between male and female sand rats but none for serum biochemistry analytes. The following hematologic parameters were greater in male than in female sand rats: RBC count, hemoglobin, hematocrit, red cell hemoglobin content, and percentage monocytes. Red cell distribution width, hemoglobin distribution width, mean platelet volume, and percentage lymphocytes were greater in female than in male sand rats. The sex of adult sand rats is a source of variation that must be considered in terms of clinical and research data. The data presented here likely will prove useful in the veterinary medical management of sand rat colonies and provide baseline hematologic and serum chemistry analyte information for researchers wishing to use this species. Psammomys obesus, commonly called the sand rat or fat sand Sand rats currently are not raised at any commercial rodent rat, is a diurnal desert animal belonging to the family Muridae breeding farms in the United States.
    [Show full text]
  • Brown Rat Rattus Norvegicus
    brown rat Rattus norvegicus Kingdom: Animalia Division/Phylum: Chordata Class: Mammalia Order: Rodentia Family: Muridae ILLINOIS STATUS common, nonnative FEATURES The brown rat is large (head-body length seven to 10 inches, tail length five to eight inches) for a rat. It has a salt-and-pepper look with brown, black and gold hairs. There are darker hairs down the middle of the back. The belly fur is gray- or cream-colored. The feet have white fur. The ringed, scaly, one-colored tail is nearly hairless. BEHAVIORS The brown rat may be found statewide in Illinois. It lives in buildings, barns, houses, dumps and other areas associated with humans. This rodent will eat almost anything. It does eat food intended for human use and can contaminate food supplies. It is usually associated with poor sanitary conditions and livestock areas. This rat will carry food to its nest instead of eating it where the food is found. The brown rat is known to spread diseases. This nocturnal mammal is a good climber. It produces some sounds. Mating may occur at any time throughout the year. The average litter size is seven. Young are born helpless but develop rapidly. They are able to live on their own in about one month. Females begin reproducing at the age of about three months. If conditions are favorable, a female may reproduce once per month. The average life span of the brown rat is about one and one-half years. This species was introduced to the United States from Europe by humans. HABITATS Aquatic Habitats none Woodland Habitats none Prairie and Edge Habitats edge © Illinois Department of Natural Resources.
    [Show full text]
  • Inventory of Mammals at Walnut Canyon, Wupatki, and Sunset Crater National Monuments
    National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior Natural Resource Program Center Inventory of Mammals at Walnut Canyon, Wupatki, and Sunset Crater National Monuments Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/SCPN/NRTR–2009/278 ON THE COVER: Top: Wupatki National Monument; bottom left: bobcat (Lynx rufus); bottom right: Wupatki pocket mouse (Perogna- thus amplus cineris) at Wupatki National Monument. Photos courtesy of U.S. Geological Survey/Charles Drost. Inventory of Mammals at Walnut Canyon, Wupatki, and Sunset Crater National Monuments Natural Resource Technical Report NPS/SCPN/NRTR—2009/278 Author Charles Drost U.S. Geological Survey Southwest Biological Science Center 2255 N. Gemini Drive Flagstaff, AZ 86001 Editing and Design Jean Palumbo National Park Service, Southern Colorado Plateau Network Northern Arizona University Flagstaff, Arizona December 2009 U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service Natural Resource Program Center Fort Collins, Colorado The National Park Service, Natural Resource Program Center publishes a range of reports that address natural resource topics of interest and applicability to a broad audience in the National Park Service and others in natural resource management, including scientists, conservation and environmental constituencies, and the public. The Natural Resource Technical Report Series is used to disseminate results of scientific studies in the physical, biological, and social sciences for both the advancement of science and the achievement of the National Park Service mission. The series provides contributors with a forum for displaying comprehensive data that are often deleted from journals because of page limitations. All manuscripts in the series receive the appropriate level of peer review to ensure that the information is scientifically credible, technically accurate, appropriately written for the intended audience, and designed and published in a professional manner.
    [Show full text]
  • MAMMALS of WASHINGTON Order DIDELPHIMORPHIA
    MAMMALS OF WASHINGTON If there is no mention of regions, the species occurs throughout the state. Order DIDELPHIMORPHIA (New World opossums) DIDELPHIDAE (New World opossums) Didelphis virginiana, Virginia Opossum. Wooded habitats. Widespread in W lowlands, very local E; introduced from E U.S. Order INSECTIVORA (insectivores) SORICIDAE (shrews) Sorex cinereus, Masked Shrew. Moist forested habitats. Olympic Peninsula, Cascades, and NE corner. Sorex preblei, Preble's Shrew. Conifer forest. Blue Mountains in Garfield Co.; rare. Sorex vagrans, Vagrant Shrew. Marshes, meadows, and moist forest. Sorex monticolus, Montane Shrew. Forests. Cascades to coast, NE corner, and Blue Mountains. Sorex palustris, Water Shrew. Mountain streams and pools. Olympics, Cascades, NE corner, and Blue Mountains. Sorex bendirii, Pacific Water Shrew. Marshes and stream banks. W of Cascades. Sorex trowbridgii, Trowbridge's Shrew. Forests. Cascades to coast. Sorex merriami, Merriam's Shrew. Shrub steppe and grasslands. Columbia basin and foothills of Blue Mountains. Sorex hoyi, Pygmy Shrew. Many habitats. NE corner (known only from S Stevens Co.), rare. TALPIDAE (moles) Neurotrichus gibbsii, Shrew-mole. Moist forests. Cascades to coast. Scapanus townsendii, Townsend's Mole. Meadows. W lowlands. Scapanus orarius, Coast Mole. Most habitats. W lowlands, central E Cascades slopes, and Blue Mountains foothills. Order CHIROPTERA (bats) VESPERTILIONIDAE (vespertilionid bats) Myotis lucifugus, Little Brown Myotis. Roosts in buildings and caves. Myotis yumanensis, Yuma Myotis. All habitats near water, roosting in trees, buildings, and caves. Myotis keenii, Keen's Myotis. Forests, roosting in tree cavities and cliff crevices. Olympic Peninsula. Myotis evotis, Long-eared Myotis. Conifer forests, roosting in tree cavities, caves and buildings; also watercourses in arid regions.
    [Show full text]
  • Suncus Lixus – Greater Dwarf Shrew
    Suncus lixus – Greater Dwarf Shrew transformed landscapes. It occurs in a number of protected areas and can be locally common in suitable habitat, such as riverine woodland, sandveld and moist grasslands. There is no evidence to suggest a net population decline. However, we caution that molecular data, coupled with further field surveys to delimit Photograph distribution more accurately, are needed to determine whether the highveld grassland and subtropical wanted grasslands subpopulations comprise separate species. If so, both species will need to be reassessed as high rates of grassland habitat loss in both regions may qualify one or both species for a threatened status. Key interventions include protected area expansion of moist grassland and riverine woodland habitats, as well as providing incentives for landowners to sustain natural Regional Red List status (2016) Least Concern* vegetation around wetlands and keep livestock or wildlife at ecological carrying capacity. National Red List status (2004) Data Deficient Regional population effects: There is a disjunct Reasons for change Non-genuine change: distribution between populations in the assessment region Change in risk and the rest of its range. This species is also a poor tolerance disperser. Thus there is not suspected to be a significant Global Red List status (2008) Least Concern rescue effect. TOPS listing (NEMBA) None CITES listing None Distribution Throughout the global range of the Greater Dwarf Shrew Endemic No there are only a few scattered records (Skinner & *Watch-list Data Chimimba 2005). However, it is a widespread species that ranges through East Africa, Central Africa and southern As the colloquial name indicates, although this is Africa.
    [Show full text]
  • Blueprint Earth Field Guide
    Blueprint Earth Field Guide Plants Note that this list is not comprehensive. If you are uncertain of the identification you’ve made of a particular plant, take a picture and a voucher (when possible) and discuss your observations with the Supervisory Scientist team. Trees & Bushes Joshua tree - Yucca brevifolia Parry saltbush - Atriplex parryi Mojave sage - Salvia pachyphylla Creosote bush - Larrea tridentata Mojave yucca - Yucca schidigera Chaparral yucca - Yucca whipplei Torr. Desert holly - A. hymenelytra Torr. Manzanita - Arctostaphylos Adans. Cacti Barrel cactus - Ferocactus cylindraceus var. Jumping cholla - Cylindropuntia bigelovii Engelm. lecontei Foxtail cactus - Escobaria vivipara var. alversonii Silver cholla - Opuntia echinocarpa var. echinocarpa Pencil cholla - Opuntia ramosissima Cottontop cactus - Echinocactus polycephalus Hedgehog cactus - Echinocereus engelmanii var. Mojave mound cactus - Echinocereeus chrysocentrus triglochiderus var. mojavensis Beavertail cactus - Opuntia basilaris Grasses Indian Rice Grass - Oryzopsis hymenoides Bush Muhly - Muhlenbergia porteri Fluff Grass - Erioneuron pulchella Red Brome - Bromus rubens Desert Needle - Stipa speciosa Big Galleta – Hilaria rigida Flowers Wooly Amsonia Chuparosa Amsonia tomentosa Justicia californica Brittlebush Encelia farinosa Chia Salvia columbariae Sacred Datura Desert Calico Datura wrightii Loeseliastrum matthewsii Bigelow Coreopsis Desert five-spot Coreopsis bigelovii Eremalche rotundifolia - Desert Chicory Rafinesquia Desert Lupine neomexicana Desert Larkspur
    [Show full text]
  • Induced Spatial Heterogeneity in Forest Canopies: Responses of Small Mammals
    INDUCED SPATIAL HETEROGENEITY IN FOREST CANOPIES: RESPONSES OF SMALL MAMMALS ANDREW B. CAREY,1 Pacific Northwest Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, 3625 93rd Avenue S.W., Olympia, WA 98512, USA SUZANNE M. WILSON, Pacific Northwest Research Station, U.S. Forest Service, 3625 93rd Avenue S.W., Olympia, WA 98512, USA Abstract: We hypothesized that creating a mosaic of interspersed patches of different densities of canopy trees in a second-growth Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesiz) forest would accelerate development of biocomplexity (diversity in ecosystem structure, composition, and processes) by promoting spatial heterogeneity in understory, midstory, and canopy, compared to typical managed forests. In turn, increased spatial heterogeneity was expected to promote variety in fine-scale plant associations, foliage height diversity, and abundance of small mammals. Three years following treatment, understory species richness and herb cover were greater with variable-density thinning than without. Midstory and canopy species did not have time to develop significant differences between treatments. Variable-density thinning resulted in larger populations of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), a species associated with understory shrubs; creeping voles (Microtus oregonz), a species associated with herbaceous vegetation, and vagrant shrews (Sorex vagrans), a species usually associated with openings but common in old growth. No forest-floor small-mammal species, including those associated with old-growth forest, declined in abundance following variable-density thinning. Annual variation in population size was not related to treatment. Variable-density thinning may accelerate the development of biocomplexity in second-growth forest by promoting spatial heterogeneity and compositional diversity in the plant community, increasing diversity and abundance of small mammals, and similarly affecting other vertebrate communities.
    [Show full text]
  • 1994 IUCN Red List of Threatened Animals
    The lUCN Species Survival Commission 1994 lUCN Red List of Threatened Animals Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre PADU - MGs COPY DO NOT REMOVE lUCN The World Conservation Union lo-^2^ 1994 lUCN Red List of Threatened Animals lUCN WORLD CONSERVATION Tile World Conservation Union species susvival commission monitoring centre WWF i Suftanate of Oman 1NYZ5 TTieWlLDUFE CONSERVATION SOCIET'' PEOPLE'S TRISr BirdLife 9h: KX ENIUNGMEDSPEaES INTERNATIONAL fdreningen Chicago Zoulog k.J SnuicTy lUCN - The World Conservation Union lUCN - The World Conservation Union brings together States, government agencies and a diverse range of non-governmental organisations in a unique world partnership: some 770 members in all, spread across 123 countries. - As a union, I UCN exists to serve its members to represent their views on the world stage and to provide them with the concepts, strategies and technical support they need to achieve their goals. Through its six Commissions, lUCN draws together over 5000 expert volunteers in project teams and action groups. A central secretariat coordinates the lUCN Programme and leads initiatives on the conservation and sustainable use of the world's biological diversity and the management of habitats and natural resources, as well as providing a range of services. The Union has helped many countries to prepare National Conservation Strategies, and demonstrates the application of its knowledge through the field projects it supervises. Operations are increasingly decentralised and are carried forward by an expanding network of regional and country offices, located principally in developing countries. I UCN - The World Conservation Union seeks above all to work with its members to achieve development that is sustainable and that provides a lasting Improvement in the quality of life for people all over the world.
    [Show full text]
  • Northern Cape Provincial Gazette Vol 15 No
    ·.:.:-:-:-:-:.::p.=~==~ ::;:;:;:;:::::t}:::::::;:;:::;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:::::;:::;:;:.-:-:.:-:.::::::::::::::::::::::::::-:::-:-:-:-: ..........•............:- ;.:.:.;.;.;.•.;. ::::;:;::;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;:;;:::::. '.' ::: .... , ..:. ::::::::::::::::::::~:~~~~::::r~~~~\~:~ i~ftfj~i!!!J~?!I~~~~I;Ii!!!J!t@tiit):fiftiIit\t~r\t ', : :.;.:.:.:.:.: ::;:;:::::;:::::::::::;:::::::::.::::;:::::::;:::::::::;:;:::;:;:;:;:: :.:.:.: :.:. ::~:}:::::::::::::::::::::: :::::::::::::::::::::tf~:::::::::::::::: ;:::;:::;:::;:;:;:::::::::;:;:::::: ::::::;::;:;:;:;=;:;:;:;:;:::;:;:;::::::::;:.: :.;.:.:.;.;.:.;.:.:-:.;.: :::;:' """"~'"W" ;~!~!"IIIIIII ::::::::::;:::::;:;:;:::;:::;:;:;:;:;:::::..;:;:;:::;: 1111.iiiiiiiiiiii!fillimiDw"""'8m\r~i~ii~:i:] :.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:.:':.:.:.::::::::::::::{::::::::::::;:: ;.;:;:;:;:t;:;~:~;j~Ij~j~)~( ......................: ;.: :.:.:.;.:.;.;.;.;.:.:.:.;.;.:.;.;.;.;.:.;.;.:.;.;.:.; :.:.;.:.: ':;:::::::::::-:.::::::;:::::;;::::::::::::: EXTRAORDINARY • BUITENGEWONE Provincial Gazette iGazethi YePhondo Kasete ya Profensi Provinsiale Koerant Vol. 15 KIMBERLEY, 19 DECEMBER 2008 DESEMBER No. 1258 PROVINCE OF THE NORTHERN CAPE 2 No. 1258 PROVINCIAL GAZETTE EXTRAORDINARY, 19 DECEMBER 2008 CONTENTS • INHOUD Page Gazette No. No. No. GENERAL NOTICE· ALGEMENE KENNISGEWING 105 Northern Cape Nature Conservation Bill, 2009: For public comment . 3 1258 105 Noord-Kaap Natuurbewaringswetontwerp, 2009: Vir openbare kommentaar . 3 1258 PROVINSIE NOORD-KAAP BUITENGEWONE PROVINSIALE KOERANT, 19 DESEMBER 2008 No.1258 3 GENERAL NOTICE NOTICE
    [Show full text]
  • Northern Short−Tailed Shrew (Blarina Brevicauda)
    FIELD GUIDE TO NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS Northern Short−tailed Shrew (Blarina brevicauda) ORDER: Insectivora FAMILY: Soricidae Blarina sp. − summer coat Credit: painting by Nancy Halliday from Kays and Wilson's Northern Short−tailed Shrews have poisonous saliva. This enables Mammals of North America, © Princeton University Press them to kill mice and larger prey and paralyze invertebrates such as (2002) snails and store them alive for later eating. The shrews have very limited vision, and rely on a kind of echolocation, a series of ultrasonic "clicks," to make their way around the tunnels and burrows they dig. They nest underground, lining their nests with vegetation and sometimes with fur. They do not hibernate. Their day is organized around highly active periods lasting about 4.5 minutes, followed by rest periods that last, on average, 24 minutes. Population densities can fluctuate greatly from year to year and even crash, requiring several years to recover. Winter mortality can be as high as 90 percent in some areas. Fossils of this species are known from the Pliocene, and fossils representing other, extinct species of the genus Blarina are even older. Also known as: Short−tailed Shrew, Mole Shrew Sexual Dimorphism: Males may be slightly larger than females. Length: Range: 118−139 mm Weight: Range: 18−30 g http://www.mnh.si.edu/mna 1 FIELD GUIDE TO NORTH AMERICAN MAMMALS Least Shrew (Cryptotis parva) ORDER: Insectivora FAMILY: Soricidae Least Shrews have a repertoire of tiny calls, audible to human ears up to a distance of only 20 inches or so. Nests are of leaves or grasses in some hidden place, such as on the ground under a cabbage palm leaf or in brush.
    [Show full text]
  • Micheal L. Dent Richard R. Fay Arthur N. Popper Editors Rodent Bioacoustics Springer Handbook of Auditory Research
    Springer Handbook of Auditory Research Micheal L. Dent Richard R. Fay Arthur N. Popper Editors Rodent Bioacoustics Springer Handbook of Auditory Research Volume 67 Series Editor Richard R. Fay, Ph.D., Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA Arthur N. Popper, Ph.D., University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA Editorial Board Karen Avraham, Ph.D., Tel Aviv University, Israel Andrew Bass, Ph.D., Cornell University Lisa Cunningham, Ph.D., National Institutes of Health Bernd Fritzsch, Ph.D., University of Iowa Andrew Groves, Ph.D., Baylor University Ronna Hertzano, M.D., Ph.D., School of Medicine, University of Maryland Colleen Le Prell, Ph.D., University of Texas, Dallas Ruth Litovsky, Ph.D., University of Wisconsin Paul Manis, Ph.D., University of North Carolina Geoffrey Manley, Ph.D., University of Oldenburg, Germany Brian Moore, Ph.D., Cambridge University, UK Andrea Simmons, Ph.D., Brown University William Yost, Ph.D., Arizona State University More information about this series at http://www.springer.com/series/2506 The ASA Press The ASA Press imprint represents a collaboration between the Acoustical Society of America and Springer dedicated to encouraging the publication of important new books in acoustics. Published titles are intended to reflect the full range of research in acoustics. ASA Press books can include all types of books published by Springer and may appear in any appropriate Springer book series. Editorial Board Mark F. Hamilton (Chair), University of Texas at Austin James Cottingham, Coe College Diana Deutsch, University of California, San Diego Timothy F. Duda, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Robin Glosemeyer Petrone, Threshold Acoustics William M.
    [Show full text]