Supplementary material J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
Supplementary file 2. Symptomatic drugs assigned to ALS treatment
Rank Drugs assigned to Number and Disease Anticho- Antide- Spasmo- Benzo- Non- Opioid Cramp- Hypnotic Anticon- Prokinetic Parkinson Broncho- Psycho- Over- Choli- ALS treatment percentage of modifying linergic pressant lytic diazep- opioid drugs reducing drugs vulsant and drugs lytic leptic active nergic patients using drugs drugs drugs drugs ines analgesic drugs drugs laxative drugs drugs bladder drugs the drug drugs drugs drugs
n % Disease Sialorrhea Emotional Spasticity Anxiety, Mild to Moderate Muscle Insomnia Neuro- Reflux, Hypo- Bronchial Agitation, Overactive Bulbar- modifi- lability or restless- moderate to severe cramps pathic flatulence, kinesia, secretion psychosis urinary motor- cation depression ness, pain pain, and pain and consti- restless and bladder deficits palliation palliation fascilu- fascicu- pation legs obstruction from from lations lations syndrom dyspnea dyspnea or or palliative palliative sedation sedation
1 Riluzol 2219 92.8 2219 2 Mirtazapine 417 17.4 417 3 Ipratropiumbromide 412 17.2 412 4 Pirenzepine 384 16.1 384 5 Citalopram 377 15.8 377 6 Lorazepam 365 15.3 365 7 Baclofen 264 11.0 264 8 Metamizole, 252 10.5 252 9 Quinine 215 9.0 215 10 Fentanyl 206 8.6 206 11 THC:CBD 171 7.1 171 12 Amitriptyline 170 7.1 170 170 13 Atropine 148 6.2 148 14 Zopiclone 139 5.8 139 Dextromethorphan/ 15 138 5.8 138 quinidine 16 4-Aminopyridine 102 4.3 102 17 Scopolamine 102 4.3 102 18 Levodopa 77 3.2 77 19 Pregabalin 75 3.1 75 20 Polyethylene glycol 72 3.0 72 21 THC 71 3.0 71 22 Zolpidem 61 2.6 61 23 Diclofenac 60 2.5 60 24 Botulinumtoxin 60 2.5 29 31 25 Ibuprofen 57 2.4 57 26 Acetylcysteine 56 2.3 56 27 Escitalopram 51 2.1 51 28 Pyridostigmine 48 2.0 48 29 Bornaprine 42 1.8 42 30 Tizanidine 41 1.7 41
Meyer T, et al. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020; 91:783–785. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2020-322938 Supplementary material J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
31 Oxybutynine 41 1.7 41 32 Oxycodone 38 1.6 38 33 Gabapentin 36 1.5 36 34 Tilidine 36 1.5 36 35 Melperone 28 1.2 28 36 Tramadol 26 1.1 26 37 Etoricoxib 23 0.9 23 38 Morphine 21 0.9 21 39 Domperidone 19 0.8 19 40 Codeine 18 0.8 18 41 Opipramol 18 0.8 18 42 Diazepam 15 0.6 15 43 Metoclopramid 14 0.6 14 44 Olanzapine 14 0.6 14 45 Carbamazepine 13 0.5 13 46 Venlafaxine 13 0.5 13 47 Ambroxol 12 0.5 12 48 Sertraline 12 0.5 12 49 Tapentadol 12 0.5 12 50 Tolperison 12 0.5 12 51 Agomelatine 11 0.5 11 11 52 Quetiapine 11 0.5 11 53 Carbomer 10 0.4 10 54 Dimeticone 10 0.4 10 55 Salbutamol 10 0.4 56 Duloxetine 9 0.4 9 10 57 Promethazine 9 0.4 9 58 Melatonin 8 0.3 8 59 Pramipexol 8 0.3 8 60 Rotigotine 8 0.3 8 61 Trospium 8 0.3 8 62 Tyloxapol 8 0.3 8 63 Butylscopolamine 7 0.3 7 64 Paroxetine 7 0.3 7 65 Trimipramine 7 0.3 7 66 Ropinirole 6 0.3 6 67 Clonazepam 6 0.3 5 68 Dantrolene 5 0.2 5 69 Doxepin 5 0.2 5 70 Hydromorphone 5 0.2 5 71 Simeticone 5 0.2 5 72 Buprenorphine 4 0.2 4 73 Bupropion 4 0.2 4 74 Levetiracetam 4 0.2 4 75 Methocarbamol 4 0.2 4
Meyer T, et al. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020; 91:783–785. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2020-322938 Supplementary material J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry
76 Midazolam 4 0.2 4 77 Paracetamol 4 0.2 4 78 Dihydrocodeine 3 0.1 3 79 Oxazepam 3 0.1 3 80 Pipamperone 3 0.1 3 81 Reboxetine 3 0.1 3 82 Bisacodyl 2 0.1 2 83 Brotizolam 2 0.1 2 84 Celecoxib 2 0.1 2 85 Clomipramine 2 0.1 2 Glycopyrronium- 86 2 0.1 2 bromide 87 Nitrazepam 2 0.1 2 88 Chloral Hydrate 1 <0.1 1 89 Clobazam 1 <0.1 1 90 Clozapine 1 <0.1 1 91 Darifenacin 1 <0.1 1 92 Fluoxetine 1 <0.1 1 93 Fluvoxamine 1 <0.1 1 94 Lormetazepam 1 <0.1 1 95 Medazepam 1 <0.1 1 96 Nortriptyline 1 <0.1 1 97 Perazine 1 <0.1 1 98 Perphenazine 1 <0.1 1 99 Prucalopride 1 <0.1 1 100 Zaleplon 1 <0.1 1 101 Edaravone 65 2.7 68 Total, n 2392 2284 1289 1253 701 400 398 369 215 210 128 123 99 95 73 57 48 Total, % 100% 95.5% 53.9% 52.4% 29.3% 16.7% 16.6% 15.4% 9.0% 8.8% 5.4% 5.1% 4.1% 4.0% 3.1% 2.4% 2.0%
THC:CBD = Tetrahydrocannabinol:Cannabidiol; THC =Tetrahydrocannabinol, n = number of patients
Meyer T, et al. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2020; 91:783–785. doi: 10.1136/jnnp-2020-322938