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Volume 7, Number 112 - 2000 ISSN 1 122-8628 Volume 7, Number 112 - 2000 Studies from the Cape Roberts Project Ross Sea, Antarctica Initial Report on CRP-3 GUESTEDITORS Peter J. Barrett, Massimo Sarti & Sherwood Wise Roberts Project antarctica Editorial Policy Ti;i<i<,i/\1~7/i/<'i~c~ (ISSN l 122-8628) - cstal~lislictlin l W-'! - ;ii~listo favour (he exchange of ideas and results it1 (lie f'icld of Atitarctic 1i;irth Sciences. Conti.ihiitions to thedevelopment of Antarctic Gi~)logy~Cicophysics. C.ilticiiil (leology, and Glaciology froni related areas, bordering Sciences. and technological advancement are cxpcclcd. The Journal is open to the intern;itional community and is distributed worldwide. It publishes two issues per year. Additional thematic issues. devoted to specific topics and meetings. can also he published. Publications should be in the form of articles, short notes, letters. ancl summary reports. Review papers on relevant topics may be accepted. The Editorial Advisory Board will undertake the responsibility of' refercei~i~)rocedurefor the maniiscripls. (iiiest-editors will undertake the responsibility of refereeing procedure for iii;iniiscripts for theiriiitic issues. 'he two issues will appear the first within the end of June and the second within the end of December. Instructions for contributors are reported on the inside back cover /' Subscription rates 2000 UE countries Other countries Professionals 27 Euros 32 Euros Students 15 Euros 20 Euros Institutions 80 Euros 85 Euros l Overcharge for air mail despatch: 8 Euroslyear. l i 1 Orders for subscriptions should be sent to Terra Antartica Publication 1 (see addrress below). Back issues are still available (except Volume 1); 1 prices are the same as 2000. l The price of one single issue is 40 Euros. Terra Antartica Publication Museo Nazionale delllAntartide 'Felice Ippolifo' Sezione Scienze della Terra - Universita degli Studi di Siena Via del Laterino 8. 53 100 Siena (Italia) e-mail [email protected] fax ++39-0577-233 8 17 Studies from tlie Giii~*Roberts Project Ross Sea, An(;irctic;i Initial Report on CRP-3 Con tents 'age Foreword - P.J. Barsett & C.A. Ricci ..........................................................................................................V Ken Woolfc ...............................................................................................................................................V11 Cape Roberts Pro.jcct Personnel ................................................................................................................. IX Studies from the Cape Roberts Project, Ross Sea, Antarctica - Initial Report on CRP-3 Cape Roberts Project Team ................................................................................................................l l - Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 3 Backgi.oz/nd and gcologic'al settii7g Fast ice behaviour, currents and titles Drilling ope~-c~tions Core management and sampling 2 - Core Properties and Downhole Geophysics ............................................................................... 19 Introduction Fracture arrays Physical properties from on-site core measurements Downhole logging Vertical seismic profiles 3 - Lithostratigraphy and Sedimentology ......................................................................................... 57 Introduction Description of sequence Facies analysis Sequence stratigraphy High-frequency analysis of physical properties periodicities in fine-grained sediments Diagenesis Clast features: striae. size and ro~~ndness 4 - Petrology ................................................................................................................................... 107 Introduction Distribution of clasts Basement clasts Volcanic clasts Sedimentary clasts X-ray mineralogy Sand grains Igneous intrusion Palaeontology ...................................................................................................................... Introduction Siliceous microFossils Foraminifera Calcareous nannof'ossi Is Palynology Macropalaeontology Palaeomapnetism ............................................................................................................... Introduction Methods Results Discussion Additional work Summary of Results ........................................................................................................... Introduction Chronology Depositional history Tectonic history Conclusions and future plans References ............................................................................................................................... Foreword This volume is the I'il'tli ol'six issues of 'i'cri'(~Aii~ai.lic(r to present tlie results oftlie Cape Roberts Piuject. In Ibis pro,jcct thc Antarctic programmes of Anstralia, I3ritain. Germany, Italy, New /.cal;ind. and the United States (11' Anicri(~;ihave collaborated to takea series ofcores ol'ltlic AiH;>i'cticcotist.'r'lie coi'iiigLs sl'~i.~ingc;ii~rietlout with ;uli~iIliiig rig set on the fast se;i-ice to iim-stigate climatic and tectonic history of'tlic ivgio~n(lkirrctt & Davey, 1992: Intern;itional Stccri~~~~o~~i~iiittec,1094). The Ilrst season'sijrilliiig in 1997, ciirtiiiled ;it ;I depth ol' 148 ~i~hsl'fmetresbelow sea floor) after a stoi'iii-gcncratcd ice hscak-out. (bund a novel sea-ice-l'rcc carhonale facies in Quaternary strata and showed the youiigcr part ol'thc ilippiiig stixta olTCapc Roberts to be around 17 Ma, some 10 1n.y. younger than expected (Cape Rol~crtsScience Team. 1998; Hambrey, Wise et ;il.. 1998). In the second season. thicker se;i ice provided time to overcomedrilling problems with adifficultsubstrate, yielding624 in ofcorewith over 95% recovery. The occurrence of several volcanic-ash layers, a rai~eof microfossil taxa, plus dating with Sr-isotopes and magnetostratigapliy. have provided a rcl'ined chronology for the numerous episodes of glacial advance and retreat recorded in thecore (Cape Roberts Science Team, 1999; Barrett et al.. in press). Here we report on the successful drilling of CRIJ-3 to a depth of 939 mbsfwith 97% recovery, completing the sampling of around 1 800 m of strata from (lie Cape Roberts sequence imaged along seismic line NBP960 1-89. Seii-iec conditions were again good and the sea riser performed well in the deeper water. Drilling conditions were also good for most of the hole, though there were a number of drilling challenges at fault zones. loose sand intervals and at the altered margins of an intrusion encountered at 92 1 mbsf. Indeed, it was the second altered zone that led to the cessation ofdrilling. Nevertheless, CRP-3 must be seen as a technological triumph for the drill crew. exceeding the target depth by 239 111 and becoming thedeepest bedrock hole in Antarctica by a similar amount (CIROS-1 in 1986 was 702 111 deep). The Cape Roberts Science Team of some 60 scientific, technical and support staff also had its challenges in describing, sampling and reporting on over 900 m of core from one of the most complex depositional settings on earth. and to a tight publication deadline. We thank all of those who took part in the project for their commitment to producing and reporting on the core in a timely way. We also look forward in late 2000 to the final Cape Roberts special issue, the Scientific Report, with a more detailed analysis of results of the 1999 drilling, and to further publication in the open literature. Peter Barrett ^S- Carlo Alberto Ricci November 1999 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Scientific work for the Cape Roberts Project is supported tliro~iglinumerous grants From a range of government funding agencies in Australia. Britain. Germany. Italy. New Zealand and the United States of America. The Netherlands has also contributed through a grant from the NetherI:~ndsScience Foiin(littinn. Support for the project from the US National Science Foundation. Crary Science and Engineering Center (CSEC) at McMurcIo Station was exceptional. and for this we arc grateful to Robbie Score and her staff. We are also most grateful to Steve Kottiiieicr. Jay Burnside and the science construction staff of Antarctic Support Associates (ASA) for help at McMurdo Station. and to Bill Haals. ASA Operations Manager McMurdo and Phil Parfett. ASA Fleet Operations Supervisor and their team for assistance in hauling fuel and resupply items across McMurdo Sound. The help of divers from CSEC (Rob Robbins and minder Robbie Score) for installing and recovering tlie air bags under the sea ice beneath the drill rig was also appreciated. We also thank Pat Cooper and the drilling team for their skill. perseverance and ultimate success in this. the last hole of the series. Bain Webster and Johnny Hampton provided advice and consultation to thedrilling operation. We aregrateful to JimCowie and support staff for their work in the WINFLY period, maintenance of Cape Roberts camp and supplies. Alex Pyne once again chose a good sea ice site and ensured it was kept in good shape. along with his other science management tasks. ASA personnel in Denver processed DMSP satellite images. and Bob Onstott (ERIM) processed SAR images of the early season sea ice for Cape Roberts Project operations. Murray Knox carried out sea ice thickness and movement measurements in the drill site area. John Alexander, as Scott Base Liaison Officer. smoothed tlie path between McMurdo Station. Scott Base and Cape Roberts. Scott Base staff were also always ready to help. and especially for urgent
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