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Download Download CHIRONOMUS Journal of Chironomidae Research No. 31, 2018: 16-29. Current Research. A NEW SPECIES IN THE RHEOCRICOTOPUS (R.) EFFUSUS GROUP FROM CANADA WITH A REVIEW OF THE NEARCTIC SPECIES OF RHEOCRICOTOPUS AND PARAMETRIOCNEMUS (CHIRONOMIDAE: ORTHOCLADIINAE) Armin Namayandeh1 and David V. Beresford2 1Taxanama Corp., 25 Mabelle Ave, Toronto, ON, M9A 4Y1, Canada. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Department of Biology, Trent University, Peterborough, Ontario, Canada. E-mail: [email protected] http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3625C1D8-40F1-44D9-8571-97C481739253 Abstract In this paper we describe Rheocricotopus (Rhe- ocricotopus) reduncusoides sp. n. a new species in Rheocricotopus (Rheocricotopus) reduncusoides Rheocricotopus (R.) effusus group from Nunavut, sp. n. is described from Bathurst Island, Nunavut, Canada based on five of these mounted specimens. Canada. Its discovery was made while curating and We also report on a single mounted specimen of examining specimens deposited by H. V. Danks in Parametricnemus hamatus (Johannsen, 1934) col- 1969 at the Canadian National Collection in Ot- lected by D.R. Oliver in Quebec, 1968. Because tawa, Canada. We also report the first Canadian there are no geographic coordinates associated record of Parametriocnemus hamatus (Johannsen, with this latter specimen (i.e. only province of 1934) from Québec, based on previously unsorted Quebec is on the label) the exact locality of the material deposited at the Canadian National Col- collection remains unknown. Nevertheless, this lection. In this paper we provide distributional is a new geographic record for Canada. Paramet- records of the Nearctic species of Rheocricotopus ricnemus hamatus is only reported in eastern and Thienemann and Harnisch and Parametriocnemus southeastern USA. In this study we provided addi- Goetghebuer, and present a key to the Nearctic tional morphological information for Chironomi- adult males of these genera. dae species, a list of species from the collection, Introduction and a key to adult male for the Nearctic. While curating mounted specimens of Chironomi- Study area and Methods dae at the Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes (CNC), we encountered In the original field study (Danks and Byers 1972) six specimens that had been placed into the wrong arthropods were collected within a radius of 4.8 genus. Five of these were adult males from materi- km of a campsite at 75° 43’ 00” N, 98° 25’ 00” W. als previously collected during 1969 Arctic expe- The site was located about halfway between the dition by H.V. Danks and J. R. Byers to Bathurst paired inlets of the west and east coast which char- Island, Nunavut, Canada (Danks and Byers 1972). acterize south–central Bathurst Island. Dry ridges The Chironomidae from this survey were depos- and their upper slopes formed rather typical Saxi- ited at CNC for further identification. The origi- fraga barrens. South of the ridges there was an ex- nal examination of the Bathurst Island material tensive sedge marsh with numerous shallow ponds (Danks and Byers 1972) identified 30 species (21 and two shallow lakes. The northern part of marsh Orthocladiinae) across 18 genera. Overall close to is adjacent to the Goodsir River which runs south- 10,000 Chironomidae specimens were collected wards before turning eastwards towards Goodsir (Danks and Byers 1972). Inlet (Danks and Byers 1972). Subsequent publications and descriptions were Pan traps were used to collect arthropods both on produced from this expedition (Danks 1971, 1980, ridges and in the marsh. Additionally, drift nets 1981, Danks and Oliver 1972a, 1972b, Oliver and were used in several creeks. Further sampling Danks 1972, personal communication with Dr. H. was conducted by searching amongst vegetation, V. Danks). In spite of this prodigious publishing beneath stones, and around carrion by sweeping, output that arose from the 1969 Arctic Expedition, especially in the marsh habitat (Danks and Byers specimens remained that required further investi- 1972). There are no associated reports for the col- gation. lection of P. hamatus in Quebec. 16 Geographical records are based on Ashe and tems, Namayandeh 2016, Namayandeh et al. 2016, O’Connor (2012) with additional records mined Namayandeh and Culp 2016) suggest that many from the Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD species likely have a widespread distribution. Systems), Namayandeh (2016), Namayandeh and Parametriocnemus Goetghebuer Culp (2016) and Namayandeh et al (2012, 2016). We made type specimens of the mounted materials Parametriocnemus boreoalpinus Gowin and along with new identification labels and returned Thienemann, 1942 all the loaned specimens to the CNC. Images were Adults: Male and female described by Gowin and obtained by OMAX A3550U Camera mounted on Thienemann (1942). AMScope compound scope. Immatures: Pupa and larva Gowin and Thiene- In this paper, we use the terminology and abbre- mann (1942) and Kownacka and Kownacki (1967). viations as defined by Sæther (1980). Ecology and Habitat: Larvae inhabit the stony Parametriocnemus and Rheocricotopus species banks of high-altitude streams (Kownacka and recorded in North America Kownacki 1967). Parametriocnemus Goetghebuer consist of 35 NE: Canada (Alberta, British Columbia, Labra- named and described species worldwide (Ashe dor, Northwest Territories, Nunavut). Widespread and O’Connor 2012). There are at least seven pro- in the Palearctic. visional species that have no formal names, six oc- curring in the Neotropical region and one in the Parametriocnemus eoclivus Sæther, 1969 Oriental region (Ashe and O’Connor 2012). The Adults: Male and female described by Sæther highest diversity of the genus is in the Palearctic (1969). with 21 species with three new records from Palae- arctic China including P. lundbeckii. Palearctic is Immatures: Pupa and larva described by Sæther a relatively well-studied region and therefore, this (1969). high diversity of the species is to be expected. The Ecology and Habitat: Larvae inhabit lotic habitats more northern parts of the Nearctic (NE) are rela- (Sæther 1969). tively understudied region with only four species listed in the catalogue (Ashe and O’Connor 2012) NE: Canada (Québec); USA (North Carolina, Ten- and one added in this study. Given the cold-steno- nessee). In Palearctic, only recorded in Italy (dubi- thermic nature of most Parametriocnemus species, ous record). finding a new species and/or new geographic re- Parametriocnemus graminicola (Lundbeck, cords in the northern Nearctic is likely. 1898) Rheocricotopus Thienemann and Harnisch, in Adults: Male described by Sæther (1969) and Sub- comparison, is a diverse and well-studied ge- lette (1966). Female is unknown. nus with 72 named species worldwide (Ashe and O’Connor 2012, Moubayed-Breil 2016). So far 44 Immatures: Unknown. species have been described or reported from the Ecology and Habitat: Adults collected near lentic Palearctic (Ashe and O’Connor 2012, Krashenin- habitats (Sæther 1969). nikov and Loskutova 2015, Liu et al. 2014a, b, Moubayed-Breil 2016, Yamamoto and Yamamoto NE: Canada (Alberta, Northwest Territories, Yu- 2017) and 13 from the Nearctic, including the pre- kon Territory); Greenland. In the Palearctic, re- sent study. Published records of Rheocricotopus corded only in Far East Russia. species from the Holarctic indicates seven species Parametriocnemus hamatus (Johannsen, 1934) occur in both the Nearctic and Palearctic regions with more expected overlapping. This is especially Adults: Male described by Sublette (1967) as true for those species from Far East Russia (Ma- Paraphaenocladius hamatus (Johannsen 1934). karchenko and Makarchenko 2005). However, Female is unknown. extent of this overlapping needs a detailed investi- Immatures: Unknown. Apparently, the larva of this gation. Recent records (BOLD Systems) have re- species was reared by M. J. Bolton. However, no vealed that Rheocricotopus (Psilocricotopus) cha- records of larval description are available. lybeatus (Edwards 1929), previously only known Ecology and Habitat: Adults collected near springs from the Palearctic also occur in the Nearctic. and runs of Cedar Bog, an alkaline fen in Ohio, Furthermore, the occurrence of several species in USA (Bolton 1992). both the eastern and western Nearctic (BOLD Sys- 17 NE: Canada, first record (Québec); USA (Con- South Carolina, Tennessee). Widespread in the necticut, Florida, Maine, New York, North Caro- Palearctic. lina, Ohio). chalybeatus group: Parametriocnemus lundbeckii (Johannsen, Rheocricotopus (Psilocricotopus) chalybeatus 1905) (Edwards, 1929) Adults: A detailed description of adults are given Adults: Male described by Lehman (1969), Sæther by Sæther (1969) and Sublette (1967). (1985), hypopygium in key by Pinder (1978). Fe- Immatures: Pupa and larva described by Sæther male described by Sæther (1985). (1969), and Namayandeh and Culp (2016). Larva Immatures: Pupa described by Sæther (1985), in described by Namayandeh et al. (2012), and Simp- key by Langton (1991), figures in Lehman (1969). son and Bode (1980). Larva by Cranston (1982). Ecology and Habitat: Larvae inhabit clean pied- Ecology and Habitat: Larvae inhabit springs and mont and mountain streams (McShaffrey and Ol- streams (Cranston 1982, Lehman 1971). ive 1985, Simpson and Bode 1980). NE: Canada (Nunavut). Widespread in the NE: Canada (Alberta, Northwest Territories, On- Palearctic. tario, Québec, Saskatchewan); USA (Alabama, Arizona, California, Florida, Georgia, Michigan, Rheocricotopus
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