EARTH SURFACE PROCESSES AND LANDFORMS Earth Surf. Process. Landforms 44, 342–353 (2019) © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. Published online 19 September 2018 in Wiley Online Library (wileyonlinelibrary.com) DOI: 10.1002/esp.4486 The persistence of beaver-induced geomorphic heterogeneity and organic carbon stock in river corridors DeAnna Laurel and Ellen Wohl* Department of Geosciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO USA Received 5 March 2018; Revised 11 July 2018; Accepted 12 August 2018 *Correspondence to: Ellen Wohl, Department of Geosciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523-1482, USA. E-mail:
[email protected] ABSTRACT: Beavers are widely recognized as ecosystem engineers for their ability to shape river corridors by building dams, digging small canals, and altering riparian vegetation. Through these activities, beavers create beaver meadows, which are segments of river corridor characterized by high geomorphic heterogeneity, attenuation of downstream fluxes, and biodiversity. We examine seven beaver meadows on the eastern side of the Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA with differing levels of beaver ac- tivity. We divide these sites into the four categories of active, partially active, recently abandoned (< 20 years), and long abandoned (> 30 years). We characterize geomorphic units within the river corridor and calculate metrics of surface geomorphic heterogeneity relative to category of beaver activity. We also use measures of subsurface geomorphic heterogeneity (soil moisture, soil depth, per- cent clay content, organic carbon concentration) to compare heterogeneity across beaver meadow categories. Finally, we calculate organic carbon stock within the upper 1.5 m of each meadow and compare these values to category of beaver activity.