NATEP Innovation Directory Foreword

Welcome to this directory of over 140 exciting R&T projects supported by NATEP, the National Aerospace Technology Exploitation Programme. NATEP assists companies in the aerospace supply chain to work collaboratively in the development of innovative technologies through a unique combination of match funding, mentoring and end user support. The mentoring is provided by a high calibre technical and management resource to help companies accelerate their technology development towards market readiness. Participation in the programme equips project partners to win new business with existing customers and to diversify their customer base. Since 2013 the programme has brought together National Aerospace Technology Exploitation Programme technology collaborations of more than 350 aerospace supply chain micro, small and medium sized companies. Funding new technologies and new manufacturing The technologies developed within the NATEP Programme will be used on productivity in the aerospace supply chain current and new aircraft programmes, increasing productivity, creating jobs and injecting new R&D capabilities into the supply chain. NATEP companies are supported to be better able to win work with existing customers and new customers, particularly in export markets, as well as in cross sectors markets such as the automotive, energy or rail sectors. The NATEP programme, is an Aerospace Growth Partnership initiative, dedicated to supporting the future of the aerospace sector in the UK. I hope that you will be interested to read about these exciting projects. If you would like to learn more about them, please contact the companies directly delivered by through the contacts given.

Harriet Wollerton NATEP Programme Director

www.natep.org.uk 3 Project Project Project Project Project Lightweight Pipe Polymeric Additive Additive Aero Valve Project Fusion Metrology for Additive

End-Fittings Manufacturing for Optimisations (AAVO) Supply chain partnership Manufacturing Aircraft Interiors Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • AVPE Ltd Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • South West Metal Finishing • Sigma Precision Components UK Ltd • Aerospace Ltd • Airbus Innovations (customer) • Insphere Limited • 3T RPD Ltd • Ashton & Moore Ltd • Airbus Group (customer) • Renishaw • Customer • Aero Ltd • GE Aviation (customer) • Airbus Group Innovations (customer) • HiETA Technologies Ltd • Renishaw plc (customer) • LIMA (customer) Contact • Ipeco Holdings (customer) Contact Contact • AG (customer) Contact Mike Andreae – Director of Technology Scott Lathrope – Meggitt PLC Engineer Ben Adeline – Chief Executive Contact and Improvement [email protected] Mark Summers – Managing Director [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Brett Peterson – Head of Engineering A program to design, manufacture and This project will develop an innovative and The Lightweight Pipe End-Fittings [email protected] test a functional aircraft component highly sought after metrology verification ADDITIVE LAYER ADDITIVE LAYER AVPE is an SME supplying directly into project will design rigid pipe end-fittings that is fully optimised for additive layer method for additive manufacturing The use of recently developed, Airbus’ MRO business. Project Fusion

MANUFACTURING for minimum mass, suitable for additive manufacture. A standardised optimisation processes. This will enable unique cost effective, polymeric additive will develop Airbus certified “Class 2” manufacture technology and test them capability will be generated by capturing components manufactured using ALM techniques for additive manufacturing in accordance with aero engine operating manufacturing materials with sufficient process “lessons learned”. process control supporting the levels of fire retardancy for use in high technology with modified post ALM conditions. machining, NDT and surface treatment certification of AM parts for production value aircraft interiors and systems aerospace use. is investigated through a full design- processes. manufacture-test cycle.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £143,000 £145,500 £142,500 £150,000 £122,800

4 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 5 Project Project Project Project Project ALFLEX Cooled Core Die ADAPT – Affordable Automated Composite Low Cost FST

Supply chain partnership Blocks Detail Additive Parts Component Compliant Composite Technology Manufacture Components • 3D Metal Printing Ltd Supply chain partnership • University of Bath Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • Leonardo MW Ltd (customer) • Gardner BTC Ltd • Material Solutions • Invest Tech Ltd (customer) • Hyde Aero Products Ltd • Pentaxia • CECENCE Contact • HK3D Solutions Ltd • SHD Composites • SHD Composites Contact • MBDA UK Ltd • TIA • Wavelength NDT Alberto Casonato – Managing Director • The Boeing Company (customer) • Transcal Engineering (customer) • Pitch Aircraft Seating (customer) [email protected] Keith Fulford – Project Manager • Rolls-Royce plc (customer)

[email protected] Contact COMPOSITES Contact The objective of this research is to Contact investigate the capability of manufacturing Gardner BTC Ltd., manufacturer of Paul Mellor – Technical Director Humphrey Bunyan – Director & Head of in ALM a Tail Driveshaft Flexible Coupling [email protected] Russ Meddes – Business Development Innovation for a Leonardo helicopter. The expected Injection dies is developing new technologies to produce core dies using Director [email protected] results are to improve damage tolerance, The ADAPT project will seek to determine [email protected] inspectability and eliminate the presence alternative advanced manufacturing methods, specifically focused on the applicability of Atomic Diffusion The development of low cost, fast process of fasteners and ultimately to reduce Additive Manufacturing technology Pentaxia looks to develop novel methods & FST compliant thermoplastic/ component complexity. Because this is providing better injected parts and reduced non-conformance. for use in cost effective manufacture automation through robot preforming thermoset materials to replace structural a flight critical part, Leonardo will also and optimised design of detail metallic to help significantly reduce the labour aluminium components. Bio resins and be working with and supporting the components in aerospace when content in aerospace components making low toxicity recyclable solutions will be a partners on a less critical Fan Impeller to compared to traditional subtractive the UK more competitive. focus. enable more testing that will improve and manufacturing strategies. influence the Coupling design.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £88,200 £52,150 £98,150 £141,000 £150,000

6 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 7 Project Project Project Project Project Project Novel disruptive CTES - Lower Cost, Xenon Pulse Inhibiting Volume manufacture TOGGLON a bonded composite structures Higher Performance Technology in Fibre Delamination in CFRP of a composite fixing Fixings Installation

Supply chain partnership Composite Tooling Placement Composites and weight Reduction System system • Adhesion Technologies Ltd Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • Loop Technology Ltd Supply chain partnership • Leonardo MW Ltd (customer) • Composite Tooling & Engineering • Heraeus Noblelight Ltd • M Wright & Sons Ltd • Adhesion Technologies Solutions Ltd • Hexcel Composites Ltd • Composite Innovations Ltd • MEP Ltd • Adhesion Technologies Contact • SHD Composite Materials Ltd • Rolls-Royce plc (customer) • GKN Aerospace (customer) • Pressavon • Applied Graphene Materials Ltd • MEP Ltd • Loop Technologies • GKN Aerospace (customer) Contact Contact • Dopag • GKN (customer) Douglas Wood – Commercial Director • Formax [email protected] Contact www.heraeus.com Simon Marshall – 3d Development • Pressavon Contact Manager • Loop Technologies Adhesion Technologies is developing • GKN (customer) the next generation composite Liam Moloney – Director Heraeus Noblelight Xenon Flash [email protected] Tom Wood [email protected] technology offers potential cost and [email protected] fixing technology ‘Attenuator’ to be Contact demonstrated in Leonardo MW’s performance advantages in processing Delamination is a primary source of To develop a lower cost, higher of composite materials for aerospace failure for composites, leading to over The Togglon project enables us to deliver revolutionary Rotary Wing Unmanned Tom Wood Aerial System. performance, composite tooling solution applications. This research will take the engineered parts. This project will the world’s first installation tool specifically suitable for use in the production of all technology closer to commercialisation. investigate ways to inhibit delamination [email protected] designed to quickly, accurately and types of composite aerospace structures. by three dimensional textile fibres in consistently install composite bonded reinforced plastic composites This project provides a machine to prove fastenings on to most substrates at any mass production of Fiba Spida fixings angle. which will facilitate weight reduction and revolutionise how composite aerospace structures are designed, and constructed.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £150,000 £147,225 £145,500 £150,000 £150,000 £150,000

8 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 9 Project Project Project Project Project Project Cure Capable Low Mass Composite Composite Biocomposites for Enterprise Long/continuous Mandrels Mould Tool (LMCMT) Electrostatic Transport Aerospace Interiors Bio-Interiors Project Fibre Reinforced

Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Elements (CompETE) (BAIT) Supply chain partnership Thermoplastic (CFRTP) Composite Processing • CTES Ltd • KAMAN Tooling Ltd Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • SHD Composite Materials Ltd • Retrac Composites Ltd • KAMAN Composites Ltd • AIM Aviation Ltd Supply chain partnership • GKN Aerospace (customer) • Hexcel Composites • AGC Aero Composites • Coventive Composites • Ipeco Composites (customer) • Element Materials Technology • AIM Composites • Ten Cate Advanced Composites • CCP Gransden Ltd Contact • BAE Systems (customer) • ENL Ltd • Composites Evolution Contact • Technical Fibre Products Ltd • AIM Cabin Interiors (customer) • Comco • Bombardier (customer) Liam Moloney – Director Contact • Airbus Operations (customer) Nick Smith – Technical Director Contact [email protected] [email protected] Contact Paul Barrett – Managing Director Contact Elliot Fleet – Project Manager To develop solutions for structural [email protected] The innovative technology to be ccp-gransden.com composite fibre placement tooling that is [email protected] [email protected] developed is a water based resin pre- cure-capable and CTE-matched to the The LMCMT project will revolutionise impregnated glass fibre composite This project will seek to develop a flexible component, for use in the automated Composite tooling strategies across The development of lightweight, shaped The project will develop pre-impregnated material (prepreg) giving good Fire Smoke and damage resistant composite fuel (“Prepreg”) composite materials for and adaptive system for proof of concept production of composite wing spars the Aerospace and Automotive sectors, and Toxicity (FST) properties for the processing continuously reinforced and other large composite aerospace delivering lower cost, lower energy and pipe assemblies that by virtue of their aerospace interior applications that are aircraft interiors market. tightly controlled electrical properties can based on a novel 100% bio-based fire-safe thermoplastic composites for aerospace structures lower carbon footprint tooling to all of applications. the major aerospace manufacturers be used safely in composite aircraft fuel resin system that provides an alternative making composite components. The tanks to conventional petrochemically-derived objective of this R & D project is to phenolics Design, manufacture and test 2 off Proof of concept Low Mass Composite Mould tools.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant Grant for R&D £149,770 £146,560 £131,090 £146,570 £74,500 £91,850

10 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 11 Project Project Project Project Project Multifab- A Composite Pipe Composite Baseplates Fastening Forms in Advanced Stress Multifunctional Bending for aerospace Composite Technology Concentration

composite fabric Supply chain partnership antennas Supply chain partnership Assessment Tool concept (ASCAT) • Sigma Precision Components Ltd Supply chain partnership • Rotite Technologies Supply chain partnership • e-Mould (UK) Ltd • Sigmatex Supply chain partnership • Rolls-Royce plc (customer) • Technical Composite Systems Ltd • University of Manchester • Antenna Systems • Diversus Ltd • Bentley Motors (customer) • Airbus Operations Ltd (customer) • Cabot Design Ltd • University of Exeter • Aircelle Ltd (customer) • University of Bath • (customer) tbc • Gingerneering Ltd • Leonardo MW Ltd (customer) Contact • Ejot UK Ltd (customer) • Contact Contact Michael Andreae – Director of Contact Contact Technology & Improvement [email protected] Michael Sloan – Managing Director Stuart Burns – Founder and Innovation Chris Brill – Director [email protected] David Stephenson – Engineering Manager [email protected] Director [email protected] The Composite Pipe Bending project [email protected] The project consortium aims to develop, The main objective of this project is the will develop a repeatable, cost effective Generation of an analysis tool which method to bend composite pipes using test and exploit new technologies to Lightweight structures and assemblies are development of a multifunctional fabric improve aircraft communication hardware. integrates into current commercial to be embedded as an additional layer in CNC pipe bending equipment essential for fuel efficiency and sustainable available analysis software to assess the Structural composite materials and design. This project will develop, for conventional helicopter blades. Intrinsic advanced surfacing technologies will peak stresses at stress concentrations in functionalities include anti and de- the first time, integrally formed Rotite landing gear structures.

reduce the mass of current systems. DESIGN / MODELLING icing properties, damage detection and fasteners in composites, providing lightning strike protection. structural and weight saving solutions in contemporary materials.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £148,000 £44,015 £145,115 £139,500 £90,000

12 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 13 Project Project Project Project Project Project Standardised Image Cabin Interior Aircraft Ditching Whole-field Large Deployable Novel training through Correlation for Monument Load Cell Loads Prediction Tool simulated/ Antenna for Space virtual reality

Industry Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership experimental data Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership comparison Supply chain partnership • Cabot Design Ltd • Stirling Dynamics • Oxford Space Systems • Invirt Reality • Gingerneering Ltd • University of Southampton Supply chain partnership • Reliance Precision Ltd • University of Exeter • Enabling Process Technologies Ltd • Rockwell Collins operating in the UK • Bombardier (customer) • MDA Corporation UK Ltd (customer) • FlyBe (customer) • Strain Solutions Ltd as B/E Aerospace (UK) Limited • VTOL-Technologies (customer) • Airbus • Enabling Process Technologies Ltd Contact • Strain Solutions Ltd Contact Contact • Airbus Operations Ltd (customer) Contact Contact Dr Simon Hancock – Research & Chris Jones – Director David Stephenson – Engineering Manager Development Manager Contact Mat Rowe – Project Manager [email protected] Dr John Philip Tyler – Director [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Dr John Philip Tyler – Director This project is a close collaboration A novel load cell developed for testing This project will produce a method and [email protected] Oxford Space Systems will design & between a leading software engineering The project will develop a new physical aircraft interior structures. With enhanced tool to predict the loads experienced by develop a reflector surface for attachment company, a University and an airline. It method for validating digital image stiffness representation, self-calibration an aircraft when ditching in water. This will to their existing scalable large deployable will seek to develop a novel, immersive correlation displacement/strain data This project will develop a new method and interchangeable interface adapters, cover a range of aircraft configurations for the full-field comparison between antenna. environment utilising the latest in by achieving traceability to the length the load cell advances the useful data and could be used by any aircraft technology enhanced learning. standard at the time of test data capture. experimentally derived digital image obtained during test and enhances manufacturer. correlation displacement/strain data and capability for correlation with analysis finite element simulation results from aerospace structures, incorporating an innovative and fully automated coordinate transformation approach.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £58,142 £62,500 £166,850 £77,000 £150,000 £150,000

14 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 15 16

ELECTRICS / ELECTRONICS £150,000 NATEP Grant measurement sensors signal conditioning for signalsfrom the aero enginedevelopment test; generic monitoring of measurement data in the reliability andefficiency of wireless Innovative antennas to beusedto improve [email protected] Paul Rawlinson –Managing Director Contact • • • Supply chainpartnership Antennas Wireless Telemetry Project Rolls-Royce plc(customer) G2 Communications TBG SolutionsLtd Technology (IHT) Improved Harness Project £84,000 NATEP Grant platforms andpayloads. reduction benefits for aerospace harnesses with associated carbon replacement for conventional wiring of thistechnology asa weight saving project will accelerate theadoption flexible printed circuitboards. This producing length-unlimitedmultilayer Trackwise hasdeveloped ameansof [email protected] Philip Johnston –Managing Director Contact • • • • Supply chainpartnership Messier-Dowty Ltd (customer) Fokker ElmoBV (customer) Boston DesignConsultants Trackwise DesignsLtd NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 17 • • • Supply chainpartnership Module Integrated Power Sided Cooled Configurable Double Project £127,200 NATEP Grant circuitry that allows for maintenance integrated with gate driveandcontrol sided cooled plug-insingleswitch element power module that comprises adouble Deliver ademonstration of aconfigurable reducing the weight andsize. and integration whilst significantly increase theoptionsfor standardisation reliability, performance andcosts, Significantly improve power module [email protected] Julian Thomas Contact Rolls-Royce plc(customer) Pre-Met Semelab Ltd • • • Supply chainpartnership Temperature Sensor Optical Brake Project £150,000 NATEP Grant in range of -55°Cto 1300°C. sensors will beexposed to temperatures environment in which theaircraft mounted braking systems. This isatruly harsh can monitor thetemperature of aircraft that anovel fibreoptictemperature sensor Meggitt SensingSystems to demonstrate is workingOxsensis with [email protected] Conrad Langton –Engineering Director Contact Airbus Operations SAS (customer) Meggitt SensingSystems Oxsensis Airbus and £134,700 NATEP Grant response, higher accuracy andsmaller size. reduced internal leakage, faster dynamic system level including:digital interface, servovalve hasmany benefits at the loop control within asmall flight control The execution of electronic closed [email protected] Dr Phil Elliott –R&DManager Contact (customer) Aviation • • • • • Supply chainpartnership Servovalve Performance Digital High Project mre Commercial Embraer Moog Inc.(customer) 4C Electronics Moog Controls Project Project Project Project Project Project Single Stage Isolated Ultrasonic Ice Active Rapid Thermal- Software Defined Low cost packages CAUTION - CoAtings AC/DC Power Supply Protection Transfer System Telemetry for semi-conductor for Ultra high

Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership (ARTS) Supply chain partnership devices Temperature detectION • On-Systems Ltd • – Controls Supply chain partnership • TBG Solutions Ltd Supply chain partnership • Peregrine Semi-conductors UK • Southampton University • G2 Communications Supply chain partnership • Raytheon UK (customer) • Morgan Advanced Materials • TCS Micropumps Ltd • Rolls-Royce plc (customer) • Semelab Ltd • BAE Systems (customer) • Electrobase RP • PandA Europe • BAE Systems (customer) • AK Industries Ltd • Sensor Coating Systems Contact Contact • Monitor Coatings Ltd Contact • GE Aviation Systems Contact • MAN Diesel & Turbo SE Mike Harvey – Commercial Director Paul Rawlinson – Managing Director • NASA [email protected] www.ultra-electronics.com [email protected] Contact Richard Weatherly – Director • United Technologies Research Centre • Pratt & Whitney This project will deliver a single stage AC This project is to further develop a [email protected] Software controlled wireless Liam Mills – R&D Manager [email protected] to DC power supply with power factor, new concept for a Wing Ice Protection communications system for reliable wide Contact and conversion efficiency greater than technology for smaller commercial business The Innovative ART System (Active Rapid bandwidth remote monitoring of sensor 95%. The power supply will work with aircraft and unmanned air vehicles, and to Thermal-Transfer) provides a super- data, initially aimed at improving efficiency The project proposes to develop a efficient method of transferring heat. It recyclable high temperature polymer Dr Jörg P. Feist - Managing Director single phase or three phase input from demonstrate operation in an icing tunnel on and cost-effectiveness of aero engine [email protected] 80VAC to 264VAC, frequency from 40Hz a representative aerofoil sample. can be fully integrated into electronic development test that can be moulded around a metal lead systems and will help maximise electronic frame to produce a lower cost package to 800Hz, and give a regulated, isolated The project ‘CAUTION - CoAtings for Ultra output from 12VDC to 400VDC. performance for the aerospace industry. alternative to traditional co-fired ceramic surface mount packages for current high Temperature detectION’ will develop aerospace applications and future high a Thermal History Coating for accurate temperature requirements temperature profiling of critical components in the range 900°C to 1500°C and beyond.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £150,000 £150,000 £150,000 £150,000 £150,000 £150,000

18 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 19 Project Project Project Project Project Graphene Composites Inkjet Printed Graphene- Graphene Graphene Composites Evaluated in Graphene Composite Enhanced adhesive Enhanced Adhesive Evaluated in Lightening Strike Materials Technology through Technology through Lightening Strike

(GraCELS) Supply chain partnership Functionalisation Functionalisation (GraCELS-2) (GrEAT Fun-2) Supply chain partnership • Applied Graphene Materials Limited Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • SHD Composite Materials Limited Supply chain partnership • Haydale Composite Solutions Ltd • The Boeing Company (customer) • Haydale Composite Solutions Ltd • Haydale Composite Solutions • SHD Composites Ltd • SHD Composites Ltd • Cobham Technical Services GRAPHENE • Haydale Composite Solutions • Cobham Antenna Services Contact • Element Materials Technology Hitchin Ltd • Airbus • Airbus UK (customer) • Airbus (customer) • Element Materials Technology • BAE Systems • BAE Systems plc (customer) • GE Aviation Systems (customer) • Airbus Steve Quinn • GE Aviation Systems [email protected] Contact Contact Contact Contact This project seeks to produce lighter Peter Hansen – Engineering Manager Peter Hansen – Engineering Manager and more damage tolerant composites Peter Hansen – Engineering Manager [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Peter Hansen – Engineering Manager by optimising the application of new [email protected] graphene materials and processing The project aims to deliver a generation The addition of functionalized graphene techniques. Successful demonstration Addition of functionalised graphene to of carbon fibre-reinforced composites nanoparticles into the epoxy resin matrix epoxy adhesives will allow them to act Adhesive bonds using conventional with greatly improved performance will enable composites to achieve a adhesives are generally electrical insulators of composite materials will greatly step further towards their full potential. as electrical conductors rather than as in lightning-strike combined with enhance the electrical conductivity insulators allowing for an electrically which can cause issues when the parts improvements in mechanical properties In practical terms: tougher composites being joined are electrically conductive. thereby making them much more means lighter composites which leads to unified structure by utilising the ability of functionalised resistant to lightning-strike damage. This project aims to use graphene and graphene and other 2D Nano-fillers in significantly lower operating costs for the other 2D nano platelets in order to improve aerospace industry. the matrix of the composite material the electrical conductivity of adhesive to significantly improve the electrical bonds as well as enhance the strength conductivity of the composite material of the bonded layer and to build on the success of the GrEAT Fun project

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £150,000 £150,000 £150,000 £150,000 £150,000

20 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 21 Project Project Project Project SMART Racking In-loom splicing Civil Aviation GNSS Interference System for aerospace MRO Springboard Location and Survey

Supply chain partnership applications (CAMROS) Supply chain partnership

• S2 Aerospace Ltd Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • Forsberg Service Ltd • University of the West of England • Rockwell Collins • Airbus Military UK (customer) • AvOptics • Advanced Aerospace Assembly Ltd • Ros Technology Ltd • TT Electronics • NC Technology Ltd • Ferrovial (Amey OWR) Contact • BAE Systems • Replicade Ltd • MOD - UK Chinook project team • Intoware Ltd Contact Tim Shortman – Managing Director (customer) • Argenta Nova Ltd [email protected] Charles Forsberg – Director Contact Contact [email protected] The funding supported the development of a SMART Racking System for high- Andrew Voizey – Managing Director Jim Heley – Managing Director Developing a GNSS Jammer detection value aircraft wheels in the aerospace [email protected] [email protected] capability to identify and locate illegal MRO and the introduction of new jammers that are stopping or adversely development capability within S2 To develop a simple to use, novel in-loom CAMROS (Civil Aviation MRO Springboard) affecting GNSS navigation. The development

(currently “build-to-print”) for innovative mechanical splicing technology to enable investigates technology & business will be based around airport infrastructures. INSTRUMENTATION engineering design solutions. the repair of fibre optic harnesses on aircraft. applicability of: Ingestion & delivery of digital work-cards Technician support via telepresence Visualised tracking of MRO history Focused on the needs of end-user BAE GROUND SUPPORT / MRO SUPPORT GROUND Regional Aircraft, CAMROS is a cross- border SME consortium

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP/Scottish Enterprise Grant NATEP Grant £154,750 £149,760 £150,000 £150,000

22 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 23 24 £127,170 NATEP Grant operating inextreme environments. time of electromechanical components cost, reliability, accuracy, andresponse engines through improvements to the on thefuel efficiency of gasturbine NATEP aimto makeasignificant impact and itsproject partners, supportedby integrated into enginecomponents, Ionix Using novel piezoelectric materials [email protected] Dr Tim Comyn –Chief Technology Officer Contact • • • Supply chainpartnership enabled AeroControls Piezoelectricity- Project Rolls-Royce plc(customer) Linwave Technology Ionix AdvancedTechnologies Ltd £150,000 NATEP Grant accessible for the whole supply chain. demand for consistent quality of results aerospace sector andmeet anincreasing the samerate asmaterials technology inthe need for measurement results to improve at environment. This will addressamarket gauge block calibration inanautomated machine that iscapableof processing The project will build andmarket anew [email protected] Contact • • • Supply chainpartnership Finite Measurement Project Winbro Group (customer) Coventry University Powerkut Ltd

AIRCRAFT INTERIORS NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 25 • • • Supply chainpartnership Actuator Novel Miniature Project £148,500 NATEP Grant performance thancurrent seat actuators. greater efficiency andquieter andsmoother per actuator, lower mass,morereliability, to provide cheaper manufacturing costs actuation market. This NMA isexpected specifically for theaircraft passenger seat contained Novel Miniature Actuator (NMA) CNR have designedaconcept self- [email protected] Chris Reckless –Managing Director Contact BE Aerospace, Florida(customer) Midland Aerospace CNR Services International • • • • Supply chainpartnership Assembly Modular Galley for Project £95,025 R&D Grant awarded process a simplifiedmanufacturing andassembly galley. The modular concept isto enable modular designconcept for anaircraft The project collaborators will develop a [email protected] Peter Hinds–Strategic BusinessDirector Contact SR-Technics (customer) Denroy PlasticsLtd Moyola Precision Engineering Ltd Belfast Aircraft Stress Engineers Ltd £134,500 NATEP Grant by component. seat that givesat least a15% weight saving incorporated inanewly designedaircraft can beretro-fitted to an existing designor component inafinished condition that produced alightweight demonstrator all process scrap arisings. The project cost through full economic recovery of buy ratio andto minimisethematerial component by maximisingthefly to chain value of theforged magnesium was achieved by optimisingthesupply OEM usingUK sourcedmagnesium. This project was to reducethebarriers to an seat component. The objectof theNATEP lightweight forged magnesiumaircraft and aircraft seat OEM to develop a with aforging company, machinist Magnesium Elektron hasjoined forces [email protected] Technology Martyn Alderman –Director of Contact • • • • Supply chainpartnership Seat Featherlite Aircraft Project Geven SPA (customer) Kenard Engineering (Tewkesbury) Ltd Mettis Aerospace Magnesium Elektron CASE STUDY Modular galley promises big gains in time, cost

NATEP helped three Belfast He said the company sees “a real McNamee said the modular galley has opportunity” in the aircraft galley and been well-received by the industry, SMEs develop a successful interiors market. “Causeway Aero is not least for its efficiency. “Any time an new approach for aircraft most definitely open for business. It is aircraft is on the ground, it’s extremely galleys partly inspired by the an exciting time, and the company, with expensive. If you can remove the old the continued commitment and focus of galley and install the new one quickly – high street. our staff, is moving at a fast pace in this in days, not weeks – it’s attractive to the sector.” airline.

The project’s industrial partners are now Kevin McNamee of Denroy Plastics “With the modular approach, it should marketing their novel modular galley said the aerospace industry recognises be like choosing from a menu of off-the- build concept that promises reduced aircraft interiors as an area of potential shelf components,” he added. build cycle and customer lead times bottlenecks. To date, Causeway Aero has made and ultimately a lower cost of assembly. He said the partners had observed inroads in the MRO sector where there NATEP supported the project with that the manufacture and assembly are savings to the fit-out company to £95,000 in research funding. of aircraft galleys was “based on have the galley designed, manufactured The new galley was exhibited at Aircraft traditional manufacturing and assembly and installed fast. Interiors Expo (AIE) by Causeway Aero techniques which can be labour Commercial discussions are also under Ltd, the joint venture set up to combine intensive. way with prime contractors in pursuit of the aerospace offers of the original Causeway’s demonstrator galley has attracted “We thought making galleys modular the company’s longer-term aspiration of attention at trade shows. project partners, Belfast Aircraft Stress would be a more efficient way of fitting out new airliners. Engineers (BASE), Moyola Precision designing and manufacturing them,” he Engineering Ltd and Denroy Plastics Ltd. Meanwhile, in Bangor, Denroy has said. They were joined on the project by SR plans for a 15,000sq ft extension to its Technics as the end-user. Joining forces as Causeway Aero premises – an increase of 25 per cent brought the capabilities of all the – partly due to potential component “With the modular Causeway Aero chief executive Michael partners under one umbrella with a full manufacture for the modular galleys. Rice said the group was set up as a approach, it should be design and manufacture proposition. The company is also recruiting. Tier 2 aero integrator, providing turnkey like choosing from a engineering services, production Last year they took a renovated galley to McNamee said NATEP helped develop management and final assembly “to give AIE to show what could be done at refit a product that’s “exciting and innovative. menu of off-the-shelf our customers a single product, with a with the modular concept; this year what It’s created jobs in the UK and given single point of contact”. was on display was all new. us technological development that’s components.” protectable. We’re proud of it.”

26 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 27 Project Project Project Project Project Process Optimisation Precision Deep Hole Rapid Development Plasma Cleaning Automated for Aerospace Alloys Boring Compressor in MCM Advanced Manufacture of Slot

Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Component Manufacture Liners (AMSL) Manufacture • ANT Industries • Perfect Bore Manufacturing Ltd Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • Arrowsmith Engineering • Dickinson Legg Ltd Supply chain partnership • Technoset • Gemms Ltd • Welwyn Components Power & Hybrid • MEP Ltd PROCESS • Pattonair Ltd (customer) • Impcross Ltd (customer) • Accelonix • Jackson Design Ltd • Centrax Turbine Components • Rolls Royce plc (customer) • SAFRAN Labinal Power Systems • ITP SA (Spain) (customer) • Mettis Aerospace Contact (customer) • West Country Tools (WCT) Contact Contact • Rolls Royce plc (customer) Jon Waghorn – Project Manager Contact Lisa Dunn – Engineering Manager Mark Harriott – Technical Manager [email protected] Contact [email protected] [email protected] Phil Hart – Managing Director [email protected] PBML and DLL are collaborating to centraxgt.com The project will: produce more accurate, robust and This project will demonstrate that an innovative cleaning process can be Aerospace power generators operate at MANUFACTURING enhanced geometric tolerance bore Providing a full commodity manufacturing improve manufacturing processes on solutions to the aerospace industry introduced into the manufacture of high temperatures; moulded components exotic metals that will substantially increase solution to the production of HPC advanced MCM (multi-chip module) devices which act as insulators must cope with capacity in the Aerospace supply chain. components to meet cost, quality and for avionic engine controls, and automated to demanding electrical output, stresses delivery targets in a flexible design sphere improve both yield and quality. and strains. This technology delivers high Utilise the expertise of the Manufacturing quality, safe products whilst retaining Technology Centre, Coventry, to manufacturing in the UK in the long term. undertake research into specific machining processes. Optimise production methods for machined aerospace parts to secure UK supply chain competitiveness and reputation for providing a world class service.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £90,000 £150,000 £149,340 £70,000 £150,000

28 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 29 Project Project Project Project Project Project New Muffler Ducting Prep’ing Composite HoleGun+ 3D Moulded Circuits Cryogenic Research Distortion and

for Air Distribution Moulds with Lasers For Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership of Efficiency on Residual Stress Enhanced Productivity Structural Titanium Control for Supply chain partnership • Third Dimension • Laser Optical Eng. Ltd and Quality • Insphere Ltd • Moulded Circuits Ltd (CREST) Manufacture • AVS-SYS Ltd • Airbus (customer) • MBDA UK Ltd (customer) • Arville Supply chain partnership • GKN Aerospace (customer) Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • Foam Techniques Ltd Contact • Raytheon (customer) • Advanced Laser Technologies Ltd Contact • Hyde Aero Products Ltd • Silcoms Ltd. • CNC Robotics John Tyrer • Starrag UK Ltd • The AMRC with Boeing Contact • Cobham Antenna System (customer) Dr Tim Monks – Chief Technical Officer [email protected] • Walter GB Ltd • Sandvik Coromant • EPM Technology (customer) [email protected] • BAE Systems (customer) • Craftsman Tools Ltd Andrew Whitehead – Engineering Develop a laser writing system capable of • Rolls-Royce plc (customer) Director Contact The development of Third Dimension’s producing 3D copper tracks or circuits on Contact [email protected] “Optical Countersink Hole Inspection 3D aerospace lightweight structures. Contact Roger Hardacre – Managing Director Solution” will dramatically improve Paul Mellor – Technical Director Create the ability to produce fully The project is to design weight-saving [email protected] manufacturing of complex aerospace [email protected] Andy Morris – Engineering Manager functional circuitry directly onto 3D parts, and cost saving aerospace muffler ducts components by simplifying inspection, [email protected] which will support the development of a The project will develop an advanced reducing rework time, improving cycle enhancing functionality and enabling The objective of this project is to determine new manufacturing facility in the North system that can clean, polish and repair time and significantly reducing overall cost them to become part of a larger product and understand the benefits of Cryogenic The partnership is working on a West of England providing employment moulds made of metal or composite of manufacture. or system, thereby reducing size, weight rough machining strategies when applied collaborative project looking to utilise opportunities and increased exports. used to produce composite parts. The and cost. to prismatic Titanium Structural Airframe the latest in FE analysis, residual and intention is that a successful outcome components in comparison to the distortion stress management to optimise will lower supply chain costs & improve traditional emulsion application the engineering of high value, thin walled productivity of skilled labour by aerospace components. The project is developing an automated technology for aiming to keep the UK at the forefront of cleaning composite material moulds The this highly skilled and competitive market. system can be in a bureau format for low frequency users, or for high frequency users it can be a factory based solution.

Grant for R&D NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £123,320 £150,000 £147,760 £145,727 £101,670 £120,000

30 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 31 Project Project Project Project Project Project Combustion Chamber Integrally Bladed Integrally Bladed Innovative Aerospace Hydraulic Hand Tool Hot Isostatic Process Innovation Rotor (IBR) – Abrasive Rotor (IBR) – Abrasive Transport Tooling Development Pressing of Titanium

Supply chain partnership Barrel Milling Cutter Flow Machining Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Components (HIPNOTIC) • Nasmyth Technologies Ltd Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • Datum Tool design • FE Robinson Ltd • Hucknall Sheet Metal Ltd • Fleet Maintenance Ireland Ltd • Klauke UK Ltd Supply chain partnership • GE Aviation Czech (customer) • ITP Engines UK Ltd • ITP Engines UK Ltd • Bombardier (customer) • Airbus Operations (customer) • Technicut Ltd • Extrude Hone Ltd • Maher Ltd Contact • Geo Kingsbury • Brunel University Contact Contact • Industria de Turbo Propulsores, SA • Industria de Turbo Propulsores, SA • Nikken Innovation Centre Europe Ltd (customer) (customer) • Replicast Ltd www.nasmythgroup.com Michael Maguire – Director [email protected] • Westmoreland Testing & Research Ltd [email protected] • Airbus (customer) Nasmyth Technologies Ltd will develop Contact Contact UK SME FE Robinson is leading the innovative processes for the manufacture The project will gain understanding of cost design and development of a range of Contact of combustion systems in aircraft engines www.itpaero.com www.itpaero.com effective and re-configurable tooling, to lightweight “Smart” Hydraulic hand tools and support long term growth of jobs in permit the manufacture tailored for use in the aerospace sector. Industrial research to develop the Industrial research to model the effects Gerry Clark – Managing Director the high value-added aerospace sector. For the first time, the customer will be [email protected] capability to manufacture gas turbine of an Abrasive Flow Machining polishing of multiple transport systems for enabled in achieving substantial efficiency integrally bladed rotors (IBR’s) using process on aerofoil profiles and the aerospace assemblies. improvements in certain manual operation The aim of the project is to deliver barrel milling tools thereby reducing development of predictive process wing production processes manufacturing time and improving quality. controls which will lead to a reduction in component demonstrators for the Wing manufacturing time and an improvement of Tomorrow programme led by Airbus. in quality. Novel technology delivered by a newly established local supply chain will be used to manufacture the components.

Grant for R&D NATEP Grant NATEP Grant R&D Grant awarded NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £150,000 £131,650 £107,350 £47,640 £150,000 £148,545

32 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 33 Project Project Project Project Project Forging Near Net Fastener & Stress C-MET Advanced Magnesium Nano-Enhanced Shape Titanium Attenuator Composite Metal Investment Casting Aerospace Interiors

Components Supply chain partnership Engine Technology (AMIC) (NEAT) (FRANTIC) • Adhesion Technologies Ltd Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • ENL Ltd • Dopag (UK) Ltd • Aerospace Metal Composites Ltd • Aeromet International Ltd • Coventive Composites • Loop Technology Ltd • Cosworth Ltd • Luxfer MEL Technologies • Applied Graphene Materials Ltd • Maher Ltd • Rolls-Royce plc (customer) • Spirit Aero Systems (customer) • Composites Evolution Ltd • Bifrangi UK • Pressavon • Leonardo MW Ltd (customer) MATERIALS • BRP-Rotax (customer) • Westmoreland Testing & Research Ltd Contact Contact • The Boeing Company (customer) • Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC (customer) Contact Paul Monington – Head of New Gary Foster – Senior Project Manager Contact Contact Dr Stuart Godfrey – Business Development Technology [email protected] Manager [email protected] Gerry Clark – Managing Director [email protected] The project will leverage graphene’s [email protected] Tom Wood [email protected] The development of investment casting unique properties in novel aerospace The C-MET project will develop the use technology to enable the casting of near interior composites to give: The FRANTIC project aims to establish a of metal matrix composites for aero- net shape magnesium castings. The project new supply chain in the UK for titanium Adhesion Technologies Ltd is developing a • Enhanced fire, smoke and toxicity ‘Fastener and Stress Attenuator’ to replace engine applications, lighter weight designs utilises additive manufacturing techniques aero structures. Using novel forging will enable lower costs and significant in pattern production to reduce lead time performance techniques to manufacture near net shape rivets and underperforming laminate in reductions in aero-engine emissions. and production costs, while addressing • Increased mechanical performance components will result in cost competitive aerospace structures. This will enhance reported casting difficulties with innovative allowing weight reduction and reduced solutions for the end user payload capability and lifetime operating costs across the aerospace sector. ceramic shell solutions. fuel costs • Improved handling and surface finish • Reduced production costs

Grant for R&D NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £97,040 £150,000 £150,000 £150,000 £150,000

34 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 35 CASE STUDY Breakthrough in high-strength AM powder

NATEP has helped propel generation aluminium alloy which was Innovations such as the development already being used in castings for high- of the new A20X powder are important an advanced aluminium strength, high-temperature aerospace to Aeromet, whose business is still powder from early-stage applications. predominantly metal castings for aerospace. “Powder is the key to our development into the “The progress we’ve made under growth into high-tech manufacturing NATEP has rapidly moved our concept additive manufacturing (AM) and AM,” said Bond. market where it has been from developing a metal power for the AM industry to commercialisation,” The company has set up a business positively received. he said, adding that it is “receiving unit specifically for advanced materials market acceptance” after potential technology to exploit this important end-users conduct their own trials and alloy. It also forecasts a growth in this Now the innovative high-strength manufacture parts by AM. business area, which the NATEP project A20X powder is poised for use in serial has been a major factor in achieving. production with key aerospace original The NATEP project set out to optimise equipment manufacturers (OEMs) and the casting alloy into an AM powder with Bond said NATEP has been “a wonderful Tier 1 suppliers. the chemistry and powder distribution to vehicle for moving us forward” as the maintain the alloy’s advanced properties project – the fourth the company had The alloy was developed and at room and elevated temperatures. been involved in – enabled Aeromet Operator (above) removes a substrate from the AM patented by Aeromet International and A20X is described as having a highly to work with the right people and system while (right) customer induction is carried aerospace-approved as A205 alloy. The refined microstructure and unique technologies, without which progress out at the AM Solutions Centre. powder is also covered by the patent. solidification mechanism which give it would have been much slower. greater strength and better fatigue and The NATEP-supported project, led Paul Murray, Principal Materials Engineer “The progress thermal characteristics than other alloys by Aeromet with partners Phoenix at Rolls-Royce, said the Midlands-based used in AM such as AlSi10Mg. we’ve made under Scientific Instruments (PSI), Renishaw engine maker was “excited to participate and Rolls-Royce as the potential end- Project partner PSI contributed the in this project and contribute to the NATEP has rapidly user, succeeded in enhancing the knowledge of processing and handling development of this promising new understanding of a more robust powder aluminium powders for AM, converting aluminium alloy. moved our concept for AM. the Aeromet-manufactured alloy using “NATEP is a proven programme with from developing technology that combines vacuum Mike Bond, Director of Advanced a strong track record of supporting induction melting (VIM) furnaces with a metal power for Material Technology for Aeromet, said innovation in the UK aerospace supply inert gas atomisation. The powder was the project was designed to realise chain,” he added. the AM industry to the AM potential of Aeromet’s next- further developed using Renishaw’s AM systems. commercialisation.”

36 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 37 Project Project Project Project Project Project A20X Surface Flexible Air Metal Matrix SmartHUD High Strength Mouldable Liners

Treatments distribution ducting Composites Supply chain partnership Aluminium Alloy Supply chain partnership Development for Helicopter Failure Modelling Supply chain partnership • Artemis Optical • SKF Supply chain partnership Applications • Plessey Semiconductors Ltd Supply chain partnership • WMG HVM Catapult • AVS- SYS Ltd • BAE Systems (customer) • Leonardo MW Ltd (customer) • Arville Textiles Supply chain partnership • Aeromet • Raytheon (customer) • Cabot Design Ltd • Poeton Industries Contact • Gingerneering Ltd Contact • Boeing (customer) • Aerospace Metal Composites Ltd • Airbus Operations (customer) Contact • Mettis Aerospace Stuart Allan – Technology Director Grant Dennis – Project Manager • Leonardo MW Ltd (customer) [email protected] [email protected] Contact Andrew Whitehead – Engineering Contact Director Contact SmartHUD aims to use the recent This project will develop greater flexibility Mike Bond – Director of Advanced [email protected] David Stephenson – Engineering Manager Material Technology proliferation in LED light sources and [email protected] and customisation to plain bearings [email protected] Dr Stuart Godfrey – Business Development design unique and novel thin film coatings technologies, permitting them meet the The project is to design weight-saving Manager to enable their use in Head Up Display changing and demanding requirements of and cost saving flexible aerospace ducts An advanced material model which The project will develop and verify the [email protected] systems. The advantages sought are facilitates the accurate analysis of the aerospace market. which will support the development of a reduced weight, longer useful life of performance on a range of metal finishing new manufacturing facility in the North high strength aluminium alloys under treatments (anodic and chemical conversion This project will develop both an the light source and enhanced optical complex loading conditions, with specific West of England providing employment aluminium and Silicon Carbide (SiC) metal performance of the overall module. coatings) for Aeromets A20X family of opportunities and increased exports. application to the prediction of the casting alloys without using hexavalent matrix composite (MMC) material and initiation of failure under load. chrome compounds (which have a limited create a forging supply chain specifically life under REACH legislation). for helicopter applications. The funding will thus create a UK source (for the first time) for this high performance material which is required in the aerospace market.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £35,000 £127,850 £150,000 £102,890 £150,000 £150,000

38 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 39 Project Project Project Project Project Project Textilub – a novel Fe-36Ni MMC for COP-E4 Combustion Developing a new Water Soluble Thermoplastic self-lubricating liner space and aerospace Optimisation Program ultra-low temperature Ceramics for Composite Fusion

Supply chain partnership applications Supply chain partnership Hardide coating Aluminium investment Welding (CoFusion) casting applications • SKF Supply chain partnership • Weslake Air Services Ltd Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • Tiab Limited • Aerospace Metal Composites Ltd Supply chain partnership • Leonardo MW Ltd (customer) • Aerospace Metal Composites Ltd • EFI Ltd • Hardide Coatings Ltd • AGC AeroComposites • ExoTec Precision • Westmoreland Testing & Research Ltd • The National Composites Centre • Swift Air (customer) • Aeromet Intl. Ltd Contact • NASA Goddard Space Flight Centre • Axter Aerospace (customer) • Perfect Bore Manufacturing • Ten Cate Advanced Composites Ltd • Airbus (customer) • Adaptive Engineering Solutions • Rolls-Royce plc (customer) • Britten Norman Aircraft Ltd (customer) • Airbus (customer) Michael Colton – Local Product Contact • Leonardo (customer) Contact Development Manager Contact Contact [email protected] David Tricker – Technical Manager Contact [email protected] [email protected] John Lamberton – Managing Director Mike Bond – Director of Advanced Textilub will deliver the next generation [email protected] Dr Yuri Zhuk – Technical Director This project will develop a Fe-36Ni [email protected] Material Technology The CoFusion project builds on of novel plain bearings to the meet the [email protected] changing and demanding requirements of metal matrix composite (MMC) material. The COP-E4 project will develop a novel previous development work to optimise the aerospace market Specifically this composite material will heavy fuel powertrain for lightweight, safe Development of, and characterisation of the efficiency and applicability of an have reduced density and improved properties, of an ultra-low temperature CVD The project will develop a water soluble innovative, rapid, low cost and flexible and more fuel efficient aero-engines with ceramic material which offers significant thermal expansion properties compared significant reductions in cost and emissions. nano-structured tungsten/tungsten carbide thermoplastic composite welding process to more conventional Invar® type systems based coating to increase wear, galling improvement potential in the investment to aerospace standards. and corrosion resistance for low-tempering casting industry. Once mature, this temperature steels. Providing an alternative technology will allow components to be to Hard Chrome, HVOF and other similar manufactured with features which today coatings on a wider range of materials. cannot be produced, thus opening up the product design space for parts count and component size reduction.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £150,000 £120,000 £150,000 £150,000 £148,000 £137,000

40 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 41 Project Project Project Project Project High Strength Lead-Free Detonating Fit and Forget Cable Portable Pulse Oxygen Pulse Passenger Aluminium Powder for Cords Harnesses Assembly (PPOCA) Service Unit (PPSU)

additive manufacture Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership (HighSAP) • Chemring • Scientific Management International • Avia Technique • Avia Technique Supply chain partnership • Brunel University Ltd • Meditech Systems • Meditech Systems • Martin Baker Aircraft (customer) • Concept Cables Ltd • Air Liquide • Air Liquide • Aeromet • Safran Landing Systems • Airbus Operations (customer) • Airbus Operations (customer) • Phoenix Scientific Industries Ltd (PSI) Contact • Renishaw plc Contact Contact Contact • Rolls-Royce plc Andrew Bentley - BD Technology & Innovation Executive – Devices Glen Richardson – Chief Technical Officer Barry Wood – Senior Design and Barry Wood – Senior Design and Contact [email protected] [email protected] Development Engineer Development Engineer [email protected] [email protected] Mike Bond – Director Advanced Material The identification of suitable alloys and Fit and forget design solution to avoid Technology manufacturing processes to replace lead any water or moisture ingress into aircraft Using pneumatic pulse technology in on- The project will use Pneumatic Pulse [email protected] in the explosive detonating cords used in landing gear connector harnesses. aircraft portable oxygen cylinders. Technology to deliver oxygen through the aircraft and space launch vehicles. passenger service unit. To optimise the A20X casting alloy into an additive manufacturing powder with high strength and temperature capabilities - AIRCRAFT SYSTEMS with optimised chemistry and powder distribution, with essential design and EQUIPMENT ON BOARD data (mechanical and fatigue properties at room and elevated temperature).

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £150,000 £128,890 £150,000 £150,000 £150,000

42 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 43 Project Project Project Project Project Project Enhanced Safety for Precision Back-up New Photonic Novel contra-rotating Secure Authentication Helicopter Auto Small to Medium-Size Navigation for UAVs Architectures using propellers for electric & Flight Evidence Regime Recognition

Helicopters Supply chain partnership GaAs Modulators aircraft Recorder (SAFER) and Continuous RTB

Supply chain partnership • Forsberg Services Ltd Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • VTOL Technologies Ltd • Helitune • Rockwell Collins (customer) • aXenic Limited • Hercules Propellers Ltd • The Great Circle Ltd • Helitune • Prosig • Locanis (customer) • University of Bedfordshire • Contra Electric Propulsion Ltd • Distributed Management Systems Ltd • University of Bristol • University of Bristol • Selex ES (customer) • Falcomposite Ltd (customer) • University of Central Lancashire • Prosig • Castle Air (customer) Contact • ProFlight UAV Suppliers (customer) • Castle Air (customer) • Leonardo MW Ltd (customer) Contact Contact • MD Helicopters (customer) Charles Forsberg – Director Contact Contact [email protected] Steve Clements – Managing Director Rupert Wasey – Managing Director Contact [email protected] [email protected] Adam Berrington – Director Dominic Southgate – Project Manager Forsberg Services Ltd propose an enhanced [email protected] [email protected] Peter Morrish – Technology Manager air navigation system for safe operation The project will develop a novel photonic This collaboration between a propeller [email protected] of UAVs during critical parts of the flight architecture to allow hi fidelity, high manufacturer and electric aircraft Project SAFER (Secure Authentication This project will use novel algorithms envelop, in particular landing and take-off. bandwidth, remoting of microwave innovator will investigate novel contra- & Flight Evidence Recorder) exploits that automatically detect helicopter flight The goals of this project bring the safety These phases of low-level flight are subject sensing in harsh avionics environment. rotating blade designs. a number of recent innovations in regimes to enable continuous recording of and cost-saving benefits of Health & to object avoidance and safe navigation. Photonic signal pre-processing will also encryption and authentication technology, rotor track and balance data. The outcome Usage Monitoring (HUMS) to the small be used to produce a better performance together with the power of the ‘cloud’ to will be a reduced number of dedicated and medium-sized helicopter market. than from pure electronics. create a novel UAV pilot authentication maintenance flights, increased helicopter New hardware and data processing system, which logs and communicates availability and reduced overall costs to technologies will be combined and flight hours and flight data. aircraft operators. applied, resulting in a cost-effective ‘Mini- HUMS’ prototype for exploitation through the UK aerospace supply chain.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £150,000 £150,000 £143,000 £130,000 £146,780 £150,000

44 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 45 Project Project Project Project Project

HP1 Impact Intelligent Diversion Flight Guardian GOCOM - Ground Prometheus: Novel

Classification System Assistant (IDA) Supply chain partnership Operations Control Hybrid Power (HP1ICS) Monitoring Technology for Supply chain partnership • The Great Circle Ltd Supply chain partnership • University of Central Lancashire Supply chain partnership Aerospace • The Great Circle Ltd • McLaren Applied Technologies • University of Central Lancashire (customer) Supply chain partnership • HP1 Technologies Limited • Pooleys Flight Equipment Ltd • HW Communications Ltd

• University of Central Lancashire • NEDEAS Ltd PROCESS Contact • EU ECO Technology • Centre for Process Innovation (CPI) Contact • Rinicom Ltd • BAE Systems • Airbus Operations Ltd (customer) • Innovation Works & Systems • GKN Aerospace Adam Berrington – Director • Ultra Electronics Controls (customer) • Blackburn College Adam Berrington – Director [email protected] • Cranfield University [email protected] Contact Contact • United Technologies Research Centre Flight Guardian is a first of a generation • BAE Systems The Intelligent Diversion Assistant (IDA) disruptive cockpit technology to improve IMPROVEMENT Andrew Howes – Director improves aircraft safety in emergencies, Michael Szczygiel – Research Projects [email protected] the safety of aircraft. It uses body worn Manager Contact using data obtained from real-time digital sensors and computing devices to act, aircraft and weather feeds, coupled with [email protected] This project will develop a printable in many respects, as a virtual co-pilot, Stavros Kindylides – Technical Director a detailed airfield navigation database, to providing a pilot with an extra pair of eyes [email protected] intelligent flexible, thin and durable sensor provide real-time optimum re-routing and GO-COM is a collaborative R&D project to array that will collect and analyse data to monitor the aircraft instruments, spotting identify airport impact incidents between emergency landing decision support to and even predicting problems before they Passenger aircraft are becoming relating to impact events on aircraft. pilots. aircraft and external ground objects occur. It will produce warnings for the pilot (aircraft, equipment and structures) using more electric in order to reduce fuel and offer advice on a course of mitigating wireless sensor networks on board the consumption and CO2 emissions. action to take to prevent accidents. aircraft. Its aim is to immediately alert airline Prometheus is a game changing maintenance and airport ground services technology, based on thermoelectric that an impact has occurred: where, when generators which are energy harvesting and with what force. It will also provide devices that can generate power from visual evidence via airside cameras. excess heat sources which exist on aircraft components such as engines, fuselage skin and cabin, Prometheus is a technology which will complement existing power sources and reduce directly operation costs on aircraft while increasing UK competitiveness.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £149,926 £143,767 £126,800 £149,790 £149,150

46 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 47 CASE STUDY NATEP project experience leads to SME support

Teer Coatings Ltd (TCL) Some years ago, Cooke was recruited For SMEs such as TCL, ATEP/NATEP onto the Midlands Regional Advisory presented “a unique opportunity” to has seen the benefits of Panel (RAP), the committee of subject work with the likes of Rolls-Royce NATEP funding and support. matter experts and regional alliance and Airbus as potential end-users and Now the Droitwich-based representatives which assesses project customers. “They allowed us to work on proposals, for his expertise in materials high-performance coatings for forging company is helping other science. It’s an industry network whose and forming tools, which played to our SMEs see it for themselves. importance to SMEs was illustrated in strength,” said Dr Cooke. the chain of events that led to the dry A key factor, he added, was the help and drilling project. insight the SMEs received from MAA’s TCL worked on three projects under “It came about through a question to technical managers, first in defining NATEP and its Midlands-based the MAA’s technology manager, Peter their proposed projects and later in predecessor, the Aerospace Technology Knight, at Farnborough from Colin monitoring and reporting on progress Exploitation Programme (ATEP). Dr Kevin Sharples of Kyocera-Unimerco,” said to justify the funding. “The programme’s Cooke was involved in all of them. Cooke. “Peter thought TCL might be strength is knowing how to portray and TCL’s first project, with ATEP support, able to help and called me. I was on the present things. Those at the coal face was ‘Forging tools using nano platform at Crewe station at the time. It are often not best placed to do so.” engineering (FORTUNE)’, with Anopol all grew from there.” NATEP collaborators Colin Sharples (left), Dr Kevin Cooke and Sue Field study the analysis of the coating thickness on a witness sample from the dry-drilling project. Even so, unexpected outcomes are as the other industry partner, University common, Cooke said. The FORTUNE of Birmingham as the academic about tool design and coatings. “The support. From a company perspective, he RAP can offer advice on what they might project, for example, succeeded in subcontractor and Rolls-Royce benefits of the project are in the industry.” said, “it’s great to see new problems, ideas have to think about for a realistic chance developing a coated clipping tool that Inchinnan as end-user. and future collaboration possibilities while of success in their bid.” “I was impressed didn’t need lubricating oil and thus Similarly, the USAMAC project’s results you’re giving back to the industry. The company later teamed up with with the NATEP eliminated a cleaning operation, but it proved the project had merit although it Industry participation is a cornerstone the tool-maker Kyocera-Unimerco on could not quite match the performance failed to produce a ‘eureka’ moment and “I was impressed with the NATEP of NATEP. For an SME, having a NATEP-funded projects to develop model – an SME can of the traditional, lubricated process. has yet to be commercialised. The aim, model – an SME can get help through representative on a RAP allows it to ‘Dry drilling of aluminium alloys’, with said Cooke, was to improve the lifetime the whole process from submission to punch above its weight and helps Cooke said the project was “positive the University of Manchester and end- get help through of tooling and reduce the thrust force prosecution,” he said. This, to his mind, raise its profile with primes and top and interesting [but] not directly user Airbus; and ‘Ultrasonic assisted needed to drill advanced composites, both compares favourably with other funding tier contractors. Said Cooke: “The the whole process transformative”; TCL got a publication machining of aerospace composites advantages as aerospace manufacturers models that TCL had worked with which networking opportunities alone make it in the Journal of Physics D: Applied (USAMAC)’, with the University of from submission to moves to more robotic machining. are more ‘hands-off’. worthwhile.” Physics out of it, a useful marketing aid, Warwick’s Advanced Manufacturing prosecution.” and Rolls-Royce gained new knowledge Cooke was happy to join the Midlands “I could see where companies less Group and end-user BAE Systems. RAP and remains a member with TCL’s experienced than us might struggle. The

48 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 49 Project Project Project Project Project Chrome Replacement Temperature Dry Drilling of Ultrasonic Assisted Wet Fit Slave Super Finish Indicating Paints for Aluminium Alloys Machining of Fasteners

Technology Aero Engines (TIPTOE) Supply chain partnership Aerospace Composites Supply chain partnership (USAMAC) Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • Teer Coatings Ltd • Kwikbolt Ltd • Kyocera Unimerco Tooling ltd Supply chain partnership • i2M • Hardide Coatings Ltd • Sensor Coating Systems Ltd • Airbus (customer) • Wesco Aircrafts (customer) • Perfect Bore Manufacturing • Indestructible Paint Ltd • Teer Coatings Ltd • GKN Aerospace (customer) • Engis UK Ltd • MAN Diesel and Turbo (customer) Contact • Lockheed Martin Aeronautics • Impcross Ltd (customer) • Kyocera Unimerco Tooling Ltd • BAE Systems (customer) (customer) Contact Dr Hailin Sun - R&D Technology Centre Contact Manager Contact Contact Dr Jörg Feist – Managing Director [email protected]

Dr Yuri Zhuk – Technical Director [email protected] PRODUCTIVITY www.teercoatings.co.uk Mr Jan Niklewicz – Technical Director [email protected] Dry, in-situ drilling of aluminium alloys, [email protected] Thermal History Paint records temperature with no significant loss of performance, Development of machining techniques information by going through irreversible USAMAC will demonstrate a new will reduce costs while improving the work generation of drills, where tool design and The project will design and develop, to a chrome replacement coating changes which can be detected non- place environment. The project facilitates in collaboration, new innovative wet applications on parts such as seal destructively using specialised hand- state of the art coatings will enable the full dry-drilling with newly designed tools benefits of ultrasonic assisted machining fit slave fasteners to be used during counter-bodies, erosion and high load held read-out equipment. This project exploiting the latest high performance composite aircraft assembly. Providing bearings with complex geometries will support the development of the technology to be realised in the drilling of solid lubricant coatings advanced composite stacks. a more efficient and effective working including internal bores. technology to demonstrate its applicability environment as well as a more cost in aerospace engine development. effective, environmentally friendly and reliable method of production.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £150,000 £122,500 £105,670 £137,600 £145,000

50 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 51 Project Project Project Project Project Engineering Training Slave Fasteners for Triaging through NDT Next Generation Machine Connectivity

Augmented Reality Automation Supply chain partnership Single Crystal Helix & Manufacturing “ET-AR” Intelligence Supply chain partnership • Theta Technologies Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • Manufacturing Technology Centre Supply chain partnership • Kwikbolt Ltd • Rolls-Royce plc • Investment Casting Systems Ltd • i2M • C&M Mould Tools Ltd • VR Simulation Systems Ltd • ATS UK • Wesco Aircraft (customer) Contact • Resinex UK Ltd • Blue Flame Digital Ltd • Rolls-Royce (Precision Casting • Hitex Ltd • Wolverhampton University Contact Foundry) (customer) • Arrowsmith Engineering (Coventry) Ltd • Rolls-Royce plc Julian Wright – Managing Director (customer) [email protected] • Stadco UK Ltd Dean Carran – Operations Director Contact Contact [email protected] This project will investigate a novel non- Contact Mike Sloan – Director linear acoustic non-destructive testing Martin Kelman – Senior MES Consultant To align with the future of aerospace (NDT) method for instant triaging of [email protected] Tim Luft – Director manufacture this project aims to design and [email protected] [email protected] defective metal components in automated develop single sided temporary fasteners real-time go/no-go decision making. Design and production of an innovative and their interfaces suitable for fully feature which will increase the production The project will create a highly cost VRSS propose the research, development The state-of-the-art is too slow and too effective Machine Connectivity Module automated aerospace assembly processes. expensive for commercial applications yield of the casting process for single and industrial trial of a new form of crystal turbine blades & structures. (MCM) which connects and monitors learning for the aerospace engineering/ but without NATEP funding this will manufacturing processes using the latest manufacturing industry – combining remain an academic technology curiosity technology in the fields of; embedded Augmented Reality (AR) with a set of new and industry will not benefit from the sensors, wi-fi communications and AR glasses for intuitive point-of-need anticipated reduction in inspection times. android based data processing & display training and knowledge. platforms SOFTWARE - EMBEDDED

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £140,000 £150,000 £145,100 £142,600 £150,000

52 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 53 Project Project Project Project Project Hot spot heat Thermoplastic BASELINE - Rapid Airborne Software Visual Inventory detection system Encapsulated Machine Tool Capacity (ASC) Optimisation Software

Supply chain partnership Embedded Power Verification Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Modules (TEE-P) • Photon Fire Limited Supply chain partnership • Rapita Systems Ltd • Consult Avila • Leigh Speciality Cables Supply chain partnership • Altran UK Ltd • CANDA Systems • Meggitt plc (customer) • Insphere Ltd • Rolls-Royce plc • RLC Engineering (customer) • Hexagon Manufacturing Intelligence • Tribus-D Ltd • GE Aviation Systems Contact (UK) Ltd • BAE Systems Contact • Ultrawise Innovation Ltd • Nuclear Advanced Manufacturing • Leonardo MW Ltd Bill Shepherd – Managing Director Research Centre Contact Dudley Wood – Director • Rolls-Royce plc [email protected] Contact [email protected] Ian Broster – General Manager Contact Development of an in-flight temperature [email protected] [email protected] This project will: monitoring system for aircraft - that Ben Adeline – Chief Executive Develop a visual management software localises hot-spots before an emergency Assembly processes for the power “Airborne software capacity” will allow incident occurs. [email protected] more functionality to be used in embedded tool to optimise inventory levels based electronics modules are critical for on a proven best practice methodology, efficiency, size, weight and costs. This aerospace systems such as jet engines by The Baseline project will develop a using advanced analysis for the capacity including data visualisation and active project will maximise thermal dissipation solution for rapid verification of large & dynamic inventory planning and and minimise circuit parasitics through calculations of safety-critical software on volume machine tools. The outcome single and multi-core hardware. control, segmentation, mapping, trend advanced interconnection and device BUSINESS / PROCESS of this will be to improve machining analysis, alerting, root-cause analysis encapsulation techniques processes, reducing scrap and improving and forecasting. This software will be machine uptime. supported by an inventory management

SOFTWARE - SYSTEM OR - SYSTEM SOFTWARE and control e-learning package and will be delivered via cloud technology.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £85,480 £37,200 £107,790 £150,000 £64,000

54 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 55 CASE STUDY Rapid tool verification aids precision manufacturing

A rapid machine tool gives deeper insights into machine verification is costly, specialised work performance and supports a schedule that takes a machine out of production verification system that of predictive maintenance – a move for several days. promises big gains in towards true digital manufacturing using INSPHERE saw a gap in the market machine learning, which lies at the heart efficiency for precision for a reliable, rapid system that would of i4.0. manufacturing has had its enable manufacturers to verify machine inaugural launch less than Ben Adeline, chief executive of Bristol- performance themselves. “We wanted based INSPHERE, said his company’s to empower them to run their own two years after it received focus is on generating measurement checks in a shorter timeframe,” said the backing of NATEP. data that can be used to enhance Adeline. “If you can do more frequent checks, you get a better body of evidence or data to see how the The BASELINE system, developed by “NATEP gave us the machine performs over time. You can project lead INSPHERE Ltd with partners identify trends and make informed Hexagon Manufacturing Intelligence, breathing space and decisions about routine maintenance the Nuclear Advanced Manufacturing funding to develop cycles.” Research Centre (AMRC) and end- Adeline said customer demand INSPHERE engineers brief guests at the Sheffield launch of the BASELINE system before demonstrating the system’s use of a wide-angle retroreflector (top) to user Rolls-Royce, reduces machine new IP and products.” reflect the laser beam back to the tracker (middle) from the tool centre point on the machine. inspired the idea. “It’s rare,” he said, “to downtime and material waste. The find both measurement and machine technology is designed to provide full a user-friendly manner in machine tool Adeline says his main focus for the next a small business, it’s hard to strike tool expertise in-house. Typically, a verification of a large machine tool in manufacturing processes. “A lot of verification.” 12 months is to establish the technology a balance between generating manufacturer would have an annual less than an hour, making it easier to manufacturers tend to check parts after in the UK before looking to export commercial revenue and dedicating check by a specialist using lasers and Since its launch, BASELINE has conduct frequent checks and maintain they’re made,” he said. “We turn that on markets. He hopes to take it worldwide time to R&D,” he said. “NATEP gave us interferometers – a procedure that received expressions of interest from the machine’s accuracy and consistency. its head and check the manufacturing in due course. the breathing space and funding to could take days.” across UK industry; the system holds process to make sure it’s right to develop new IP and products. Guests at the launch event on 21 March appeal in sectors including aerospace, INSPHERE has already expanded to 10 produce the parts in the first place.” With the BASELINE system, the tool at the Nuclear Advanced Manufacturing automotive, nuclear and oil and gas employees and plans to employ more “By exploring this idea through NATEP operators or maintenance partners can Research Centre (AMRC) in Sheffield Large machine tools, which are where reduced machine downtime for people as its growth accelerates. The funding, we’ve had a chance to look at do the same checks more frequently. heard how BASELINE takes the traditionally used to produce precision verification will have benefits in output, new roles will range from application variants of the technology, for example concept of Industry 4.0 a step closer parts for aerospace and other high- Said Adeline: “We took a commercial productivity and competitiveness. It and software engineering to sales and applying it to automation systems as to realisation. BASELINE uses a laser value industries, are susceptible to off-the-shelf laser tracker – well-tested also promises environmental benefits customer support functions. well. Now we have a fairly well-defined mechanical and kinematic problems, and proven technology – combined it through a reduction in scrap, lowering product portfolio that we can plan on tracker within the machine tool to Adeline credits NATEP with providing because of their size. Traditionally with new software so it could be used in the use of both materials and energy. implementing.” produce clear, actionable data that support when it was needed. “For

56 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 57 Project Project Project Project Project Project asureSign Aero Supply Chain Plane Sight Valuechain.com Aerospacespecialpro- Collaborative

Supply chain partnership Excellence Data Supply chain partnership –connecting the cesses.com Knowledge Streamlining (SCEDS) Aerospace Supply Management for • Test and Verification Systems Ltd • Blue Bear Systems Research Supply chain partnership • University of Bristol Supply chain partnership • Createc Chains Aerospace Operations • Rolls-Royce plc (customer) • UK (customer) • Valuechain.com Ltd • Stainless Plating Ltd Improvement • Prion Cutting Edge Supply chain partnership Contact Contact • Blackprint Ltd t/a “Alloy Heat • Rule IQ Treatments” Supply chain partnership • Assystem UK Ltd (customer) • Valuechain.com Dr Michael Bartley – CEO Gavin Goudie • Techni Grind Machining • Bombardier (customer) • Agile Business Improvement Ltd [email protected] Contact [email protected] • Hyde Coatings Ltd • Alcoa (formerly RTI Forming) Contact • Pentangle Internet Ltd • Gardner Group Ltd (customer) The funding supports the development cuttingedge.co.uk Each year hundreds of aircraft are (customer) of a tool (asureSign™) to support damaged during ground manoeuvre Tom Dawes – Director • Unilathe (customer) Requirements Based Verification for DO- due to limited view of the operator/pilot Contact [email protected] • Packaging Automation (customer) SCEDS is the new affordable technology • Clwyd Compounders (customer) 178 & DO-254 compliance in aerospace platform that shares aerospace project when manoeuvring a large dynamic software and hardware development. system within a complex and cluttered Tom Dawes – Director Aerospacespecialprocesses.com is a data, which is centrally located and cloud-based platform which aims to Contact Both standards mandate that developers secure, with an extended supply chain environment. Blue Bear Systems Research [email protected] demonstrate key safety requirements (BB), Createc and General Dynamics develop a collaborative on-line platform (SMEs), reducing the risk of costly design that streamlines communication [email protected] have been fully tested and that test and manufacturing mistakes (GDUK) have teamed together to develop The Valuechain.com project provides coverage targets have been met. a novel situational awareness avionic multi-tier connectivity and visibility within between aerospace manufacturers and system for commercial aircraft. the aerospace supply chain through an special process houses by optimising The development and deployment of integrated cloud-based collaborative complex planning variables, sharing persuasive technology (captology) to platform to streamline inter-company 2-way information with customers and drive behavioural and cultural change operations and develop competitive high co-operative partners and consolidated supported by an innovative cloud-based value manufacturing extended enterprises. logistics planner providing intuitive collaborative problem solving platform decision support to improve service to support UK aerospace supply chain levels, productivity and therefore increase companies disseminate best practice the competitiveness of aerospace special and embed standardised continuous process houses. improvement solutions. This is further supported by utilising semantic search capability and access to a shared collaborative knowledge repository with the aid of industry experts.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £92,000 £150,000 £67,200 £150,000 £150,000 £150,000

58 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 59 Project Project Project Project Project Project Hands Free Inspection ROCA: RapiTime Creating an Proof of Systems Automated Testing of AssystMe

Interface Object Code Analyser Understanding of ILS Assurance & SPARK Ada Contracts Supply chain partnership Specifications Certification (AUTOSAC) Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • Assystem UK Limited Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership • Mosquito Digital Limited • Muretex Ltd • Rapita Systems Ltd • Spirit AeroSystems • University of Coventry • University of York • Airbus (customer) • Cranfield Aerospace (customer) • Rolls-Royce plc (customer) • Aspect Supportability Consultants • D-RisQ Ltd • Altran UK Ltd • RTP-UK Ltd • Abstract Solutions Ltd • University of Oxford • Rolls-Royce plc (customer) • Airbus Defence and Space Madrid Contact (customer) • Showcase Graphics • GE Aerospace (customer) • Rapita Systems Ltd • UK Council for Electronic Business • MBDA UK Ltd (customer) Contact www.assystem.com Contact (customer) Contact • Rolls-Royce plc (customer) Dr J T Platts – Managing Director The AssystMe tool is a portable, [email protected] Ian Broster – General Manager Contact Nick Tudor – Business Director Contact [email protected] SMART tool that can be applied in a [email protected] manufacturing environment to increase This project will develop an infrastructure Mark Williams – Head of Operations (ILS) Stuart Matthews – SPARK development [email protected] This project seeks to provide an team manager quality and reduce cost of non- and delivery system based on an optical ROCA is a collaboration between conformance. Providing route cause head mounted display to reduce both the Rapita Systems and the University of automated, highly assured, systems [email protected] Aspect and RTP Ltd investigated the design analysis capability tool which will analysis and manufacturing process inspection time and the burden placed on York, developing the next generation of trends in a closed-loop solution, it reduces inspection staff. software verification tools to reduce the transition and migration complex legacy enable faster and more cost effective Software verification is an expensive and data sets into the new S3000L Logistic development of constantly evolving time consuming activity. In this project, Altran, concessions and repairs utilising the cost and effort for current and future engineering skills from Assystem. aerospace industry needs. Support standard complex systems for aerospace and other University of Oxford and Rapita will combine associated markets. SPARK specifications with automatic test vector and test harness generation thus reducing cost, risk and timescales for verification of aerospace software.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £73,800 £150,000 £149,750 £75,000 £150,000 £150,000

60 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 61 Project Project Project Project Project Process Control BOXARR – Supply SafePilot Weather Aeroelastic CFD EyeQuad-T (Miniature Software Tool [PCST] Chain Risk Analysis Watch Manoeuvres Toolkit Thermal/Optical UAV Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Camera for UAV/UAS)

• Line Business Services • BOXARR Ltd • Blue Bear • Stirling Dynamics Supply chain partnership • Amfax Ltd • I3 Works • Met Office • MSC Software • Cobham Mission Systems (customer) • Airbus (customer) • (customer) • BAE Systems • Rinicom Limited • e-Go (customer) • HW Communications Contact Contact Contact • Eurocontrol (customer) Contact • THALES (customer) www.linebsl.com Alasdair Pettigrew – CEO Dr Simon Hancock – Research & • Trimvale Aviation (customer) [email protected] Andrew Berry Development Manager • German Aerospace Centre (DLR) This project will develop a new process [email protected] [email protected] (customer) control tool targeted at SMEs which will The project is developing an automated • ALTUS (customer) help ensure that agreed processes are supply chain risk alert system- further SafePilot Weather Watch is an electronic The project will develop an innovative followed systematically, consistently and strengthening BOXARR’s industry leading decision aid for manned aircraft (and an toolkit which will couple CFD aero loads Contact transparently within projects to support supply chain modelling, analysis and automated planning tool for unmanned with aeroelastic finite element models the completion of manufacturing and optimisation solution aircraft) that enhances tactical and to predict more accurate gust and Natasha McCrone – Project Manager development projects to agreed quality, strategic route planning to make manoeuvre loads. [email protected] time and budget parameters operations safer and more fuel efficient The overall objective of the project is to produce a small, lightweight imaging system with pan, tilt and zoom functionality that captures optical and thermal video. The miniature camera will be able to support surveillance operations from small Unmanned Autonomous Systems; potentially presenting a high market value, applicable to the robotics, security and defence markets. This is an opportunity to deliver the operational capabilities of more automated and intelligent Unmanned Autonomous Systems, through a novel offer in the area of on-board surveillance. EyeQuad-T will deliver enhanced capability to build basic situational awareness and detection that is essential for decision-making.

Image provided courtesy of BAE Systems

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £100,130 £150,000 £95,000 £150,000 £149,810

62 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 63 CASE STUDY “DeNI became Counter-UAV system takes a well-rounded video analytics to new level solution because of the successful The forced closure of Having found existing counter-UAV environments and their legal and collaboration between systems expensive and unreliable, the regulatory considerations. all partners.” Gatwick’s air space in DeNI project partners set out to develop Like most projects, DeNI evolved during December 2018 dramatically a camera-based system to automatically its development phase. The initial focus police and Home Office technologists, detect the presence of a UAV at a drove home the issue of rogue was on the technical challenges of using they concluded ‘shooting down’ a UAV distance of 500m using video analytic unmanned aerial vehicles cameras to accurately identify a distant by any of several methods studied software developed by RNC Avionics. would be legally irresponsible and (UAVs) or drones that has long UAV, which hadn’t been done up to that Their approach involved enhancing time. potentially dangerous to the public. perplexed authorities whose existing dual optical and video pan-tilt- “The engineering and technical teams Commercially, the major challenge was zoom (Duplex PTZ) camera capability to job is ensuring public safety had to define what made a bird different to convince potential end-users that include a novel detection, classification and security. to a UAV at 500m when it is essentially SkyPatriot was a serious alternative and tracking module. This would enable just a dot of 2-3 pixels on a screen,” to million-pound radar installations. police and relevant authorities to apply said Søren. “RNC Avionics had worked Authorities in Southeast Asia and the the appropriate counter-measures to Their first challenge, before considering previously on another NATEP project Middle East were quick off the mark, SkyPatriot with RF installation neutralise the UAV, and support them the myriad approaches to removing the related to cameras on UAVs, and some recognising the product’s potential in identifying and prosecuting the intruders, is to accurately and reliably of the lessons learned from this project as soon as they saw it, Søren said. processing speed to improve the This and other products have the same perpetrator. identify UAVs at distance. were applicable to DeNI. European interest followed; Gatwick’s software’s capability, such as its ability foundation; they come from the same Project manager Søren Udby said the UAV-related headaches brought a to detect multiple UAVs simultaneously, root of video analysis.” This was the focus of a NATEP-supported “The initial results and findings led team faced several deluge of enquiries from major airports and to communicate with the project called ‘Detection, Neutralisation the engineers and the technical lead Researchers are even looking into possible challenges, ranging anxious to prevent something similar appropriate authorities. and Investigation (DeNI) of Threat underwater applications, he added. to think of new methods to improve happening to them. from distinguishing Rinicom has also started a new UAVs’, which has been successfully the performance and ‘prowess’ of the “DeNI became a well-rounded solution birds from UAVs SkyPatriot is currently in operation in the collaboration with DeNI partner Saher UK, commercialised as SkyPatriot. system, which led to the final system because of the successful collaboration at great distance exceeding the initial expectations.” UK and a number of on-going projects assisted by counter-terrorism experts, to Lancashire-based Rinicom (through its between all partners that would not to the variety of and opportunities around the world are train people interested in learning how to sister company RNC Avionics) led the have been possible without the support potential operating One substantial change to the original being pursued. The largest SkyPatriot address UAV threats in general. NATEP project, with industry partner of NATEP,” said Søren. concept was the exclusion early in installation to date, at a major European Saher UK, a technology company Spin-off projects have taken DeNI the project’s life of international airport, is expected to be “NATEP provided support to the project specialising in security applications. beyond aerospace. “The software that any ‘neutralisation’ fully operational in 2019. by ensuring that the team addressed detects drones can detect a lot of other West Yorkshire Police (WYP), technologies as all angles of the project towards a Looking ahead, Søren said development things too,” said Søren. “One project Eurocontrol, the Police National Legal part of the system successful outcome.” Database (PNLD) and Airbus Defence development. After is focused on increasing the detection related to maritime management of and Space were the end-users. consulting with the range – currently about 1,200m – and ships and containers is quite successful.

64 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 65 Project Project Project Project Project Project Risk Aware Mission Detection, Heavy Fuel for UAVs SkyBike UAV Engine Durability SPARCS Rotary Engine

Planning (RAMP) Neutralisation and Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Supply chain partnership Investigation of Threat Supply chain partnership • Rotron Group • Skybike International Ltd • Rotron Power • Advanced Innovative Engineering (UK) UAVs (DeNI of Threat • General Engine Management Systems • Bit Parallel Ltd • A&M EDM Ltd • TEKEVER Ltd • CybAero (customer) • Embedded Logic Ltd • Boeing (customer) • Vortex Exhaust Technology Ltd • ROTRON Power Ltd UAVs) • BASF plc • Aero Composites Innovations, France • Sovereign Global (UK) Ltd (customer) Contact Contact (customer) • European Maritime Safety Agency, Supply chain partnership Contact Lisbon (customer) Alex Head – Group Technical Director Alex Head – Technical Director Contact • RNC Avionics Ltd [email protected] Gilo Cardozo – Chief Technical Officer [email protected] Contact • Saher (UK) [email protected] Nathan Bailey – Managing Director • West Yorkshire Police (customer) This project is to research and develop This project has been devised to research [email protected] Paul Webb – Managing Director • Eurocontrol (customer) novel methods for employing heavy fuels This project will work to develop a UAV novel methods for extending the flying [email protected] • PNLD (customer) in high specification UAV rotary engines. platform with crop spraying capabilities. durability of UAV rotary engines to a target of Design, development and testing of a • Airbus DS Ltd (customer) If successful, the project will completely It will explore flight control systems and 1000 hours of Time Between Overhaul (TBO). SPARCS (Self-Pressurised-Air Rotor Cooling UAV market as applied to Search & alter the market’s perception of this location integration with an experimental System) enabled rotary engine propulsion Rescue, civil surveillance, environmental Contact engine category. VTOL design. system for Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. monitoring. Maritime vessels, land systems, planetary rovers. Natasha McCrone – Project Manager [email protected]

The overall objective of the project is to develop and implement a scalable system capable of detecting, neutralising and investigating threat UAVs. The existing Duplex PTZ (dual optical and video) will be enhanced to include a novel detection, classification and tracking module enabling the police and relevant authorities to apply the appropriate countermeasures to neutralise the UAV and a framework of operational and legislative procedures will be implemented to support all high risk scenarios with the aim of identifying and prosecuting the perpetrator.

NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant £150,000 £150,000 £150,000 £150,000 £150,000 £130,000

66 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 67 B Project Project Project Project Index BAE Systems 10, 18, 20, 21, 22, 31, 39, 46, 47, 48, 51, Symbols 55, 63 Hybrid Aircraft Thrust- Hoversafe Small Rotary Engine Advanced UAV BASF plc 67 3D Metal Printing Ltd 6 BE Aerospace, Florida 25 Vectoring Propulsion Supply chain partnership Technologies Thermal Imaging and 3T RPD Ltd 4 Beagle Technology Group Ltd 68 4C Electronics 17 Belfast Aircraft Stress Engineers Ltd 25 System Supply chain partnership Video Analytics for Bentley Motors 12 • Autonomous Technologies Limited A Bifrangi UK 34 • Snelflight Limited Search and Rescue Supply chain partnership • A&M EDM Ltd Bit Parallel Ltd 67 • Newcastle University School Abstract Solutions Ltd 61 Blackburn College 47 • Techteam Development LLP Missions (TIVA) Accelonix 29 • V-TOL Technologies of Agriculture, Food and Rural Blackprint Ltd t/a “Alloy Heat Treatments” 59 • ASNU Corporation Europe Ltd Adaptive Engineering Solutions 41 Blue Bear Systems Research 58, 62 • Flow HD Development (customer) • West Midlands Fire Service (customer) • UAV customer Supply chain partnership Adhesion Technologies Ltd 8, 9, 34 Blue Flame Digital Ltd 52 • Beagle Technology Group Ltd Advanced Aerospace Assembly Ltd 23 Boeing 6, 20, 31, 34, 38, 67 • Scotia Gas Networks (customer) Contact • Remvox Limited Advanced Innovative Engineering (UK) Ltd 67 Bombardier 11, 14, 33, 59 Contact Advanced Laser Technologies Ltd 30 • RNC-Avionics Ltd Boston Design Consultants 16 Aero Composites Innovations, France 67 Contact Tim Shires – Design Engineer • Lancashire Fire & Rescue (customer) BOXARR Ltd 62 Nick Gillett Aeromet International Ltd 35, 36, 38, 41, 42 Bristol Aero Ltd 4 [email protected] Aerospace Metal Composites Ltd 35, 38, 40 Ashley Bryant – Managing & Technical [email protected] Britten Norman Aircraft Ltd 40 Contact AGC Aero Composites 10, 41 BRP-Rotax 35 Director Hoversafe is a reliable, inexpensive UAS Development of an innovative aerospace Agile Business Improvement Ltd 59 Brunel University 32, 42 [email protected] AIM Aviation Ltd 11 that anyone can fly safely. It’s being standard engine architecture to support Steve Pearson – CEO Remvox Ltd AIM Cabin Interiors 11 C designed and built in the North East and is production of small multi-fuel operation [email protected] This project will directly support the power units specifically aimed at the AIM Composites 11 a Great British product. Airbus 5, 10, 13, 14, 15, 17, 20, 21, 22, 30, 33, 39, 41, 43, Cabot Design Ltd 13, 14, 39 development of an optimised thrust- unmanned air vehicle (UAV) market. The overall objective of the project vectoring propulsion system targeted at 47, 48, 50, 60, 61, 62, 66 CANDA Systems 55 is to develop and implement an all- Aircelle Ltd 13 Castle Air 44, 45 delivering Beyond Visual Line Of Sight encompassing system to aid search Air Liquide 43 CCP Gransden Ltd 11 capabilities for the inspection of network and rescue missions by automatically AK Industries Ltd 19 CECENCE 7 industry based assets and infrastructure detecting body heat through the video Alcoa (formerly RTI Forming) 59 Centrax Turbine Components 29 using a breakthrough Remotely Piloted analytics of thermal imaging and the Altran UK Ltd 55, 61 Centre for Process Innovation (CPI) 46 Chemring 42 Aerial System [RPAS] VTOL aircraft concept. incorporation of the analytics results in ALTUS 63 A&M EDM 67, 68 Clwyd Compounders 59 conjunction with the on-board navigation Amfax Ltd 62 C&M Mould Tools Ltd 53 system to deploy resources directly to ANT Industries 28 CNC Robotics 30 area of high potential for rescue/retrieval Applied Graphene Materials Ltd 8, 20, 35 CNR Services International 25 of personnel. Argenta Nova Ltd 23 Cobham plc 12, 20, 21, 30, 62 Arrowsmith Engineering 28, 53 Comco 11 Artemis Optical 39 Composite Innovations Ltd 9 Arville 30, 38 Composites Evolution 11, 35 Ashton & Moore Ltd 5 Composite Tooling & Engineering Solutions Ltd 8 ASNU Corporation Europe Ltd 68 Concept Cables Ltd 43 Aspect Supportability Consultants 60 Consult Avila 55 Assystem UK Ltd 58, 61 Contra Electric Propulsion Ltd 45 ATS UK 53 Cosworth Ltd 35 Autonomous Technologies Limited 68 Coventive Composites 11, 35 Avia Technique 43 Craftsman Tools Ltd 31 AvOptics 22 Cranfield Aerospace 60 AVPE Ltd 5 Cranfield University 47 AVS-SYS Ltd 30, 38 Createc 58 aXenic Limited 44 CTES Ltd 10 NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant NATEP Grant Axter Aerospace 40 CybAero 66 £150,000 £150,000 £95,000 £150,000

68 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 69 D H Leonardo MW Ltd 6, 8, 12, 34, 38, 39, 40, 41, 44, 54 P Scotia Gas Networks 68 Unilathe 59 LIMA 5 Selex ES 44 United Technologies Research Centre 19, 47 Datum Tool design 33 Hardide Coatings Ltd 41, 50 Line Business Services 62 Packaging Automation 59 Semelab Ltd 17, 19 University of Bath 6, 12 Denroy Plastics Ltd 25 Haydale Composite Solutions Ltd 20, 21 Linwave Technology 24 PandA Europe 19 Sensor Coating Systems 19, 50 University of Bedfordshire 44 Dickinson Legg Ltd 28 Helitune 44, 45 Locanis 44 Pattonair Ltd 28 Sensor Coating Systems Ltd 50 University of Bristol 44, 45, 58 Distributed Management Systems Ltd 45 Heraeus Noblelight Ltd 8 Lockheed Martin Aeronautics 51 Pentangle Internet Ltd 59 SHD Composite Materials Ltd 7, 8, 11, 20, 21 University of Central Lancashire 45, 46 Diversus Ltd 12 Hercules Propellers Ltd 45 Loop Technology Ltd 8, 9, 34 Pentaxia 7 Showcase Graphics 60 University of Coventry 24, 60 Dopag 9, 34 Hexagon Manufacturing Intelligence (UK) Ltd 55 Luxfer MEL Technologies 35 Peregrine Semi-conductors UK 18 Sigma Precision Components UK Ltd 4, 12 University of Exeter 12, 15 D-RisQ Ltd 61 Hexcel Composites Ltd 8, 10 Perfect Bore Manufacturing Ltd 28, 41, 50 Sigmatex 13 University of Manchester 13, 48 HiETA Technologies Ltd 4 M Phoenix Scientific Industries Ltd (PSI) 42 Silcoms Ltd 31 University of Oxford 61 E Hitex Ltd 53 Photon Fire Limited 54 SKF 39, 40 University of Southampton 14, 18 HK3D Solutions Ltd 6 Magnesium Elektron 25 Pitch Aircraft Seating 7 Skybike International Ltd 67 University of the West of England 22 EFI Ltd 40 HP1 Technologies Limited 46 Maher Ltd 33, 34 Plessey Semiconductors Ltd 39 Snelflight Limited 68 University of Wolverhampton 52 e-Go 62 Hucknall Sheet Metal Ltd 32 MAN Diesel and Turbo 50 PNLD 66 South West Metal Finishing 5 University of York 60 Ejot UK Ltd 13 HW Communications Ltd 47, 63 MAN Diesel & Turbo SE 19 Poeton Industries 38 Sovereign Global (UK) Ltd 66 Electrobase RP 18 Hybrid Air Vehicles 62 Manufacturing Technology Centre 52 Pooleys Flight Equipment Ltd 46 Spirit Aero Systems 35, 61 V Element Materials Technology 10, 21 Hyde Aero Products Ltd 6, 31 Martin Baker Aircraft 42 Powerkut Ltd 24 SR-Technics 25 Embedded Logic Ltd 67 Hyde Coatings Ltd 59 Material Solutions 6 Pratt & Whitney 19 Stadco UK Ltd 52 Valuechain.com Ltd 59 Embraer Commercial 17 MBDA UK Ltd 6, 31, 61 Pre-Met 17 Stainless Plating Ltd 59 Vortex Exhaust Technology Ltd 67 e-Mould (UK) Ltd 12 I McLaren Applied Technologies 46 Pressavon 9, 34 Starrag UK Ltd 31 VR Simulation Systems Ltd 52 Enabling Process Technologies Ltd 14, 15 MDA Corporation UK Ltd 15 Prion Cutting Edge 58 Stirling Dynamics 14, 63 VTOL Technologies Ltd 15, 44, 68 Engis UK Ltd 50 i2M 51, 52 MD Helicopters 44 ProFlight UAV Suppliers 45 Strain Solutions Ltd 14, 15 ENL Ltd 10, 34 I3 Works 62 W Meditech Systems 43 Prosig 44, 45 Swift Air 40 EPM Technology 30 Impcross Ltd 28, 50 Meggitt plc 5, 17, 54 Walter GB Ltd 31 EU ECO Technology 47 Indestructible Paint Ltd 50 MEP Ltd 9, 29 R T Eurocontrol 63, 66 Innovation Works & Systems 47 Messier-Dowty Ltd 16 Wavelength NDT 7 European Maritime Safety Agency, Lisbon 66 Insphere Limited 5 Met Office 62 Rapita Systems Ltd 55, 60, 61 TBG Solutions Ltd 16, 19 Welwyn Components Power & Hybrid 29 ExoTec Precision 40 Insphere Ltd 30, 55 Mettis Aerospace 25, 29, 38 Raytheon UK 18, 30, 38 TCS Micropumps Ltd 18 Wesco Aircraft 51, 52 Extrude Hone Ltd 32 Intoware Ltd 23 Midland Aerospace 25 Reliance Precision Ltd 15 Technical Composite Systems Ltd 12 Weslake Air Services Ltd 40 Investment Casting Systems Ltd 53 MOD - UK Chinook project team 22 Remvox Limited 69 Technical Fibre Products Ltd 10 West Country Tools (WCT) 29 F Invest Tech Ltd 6 Monitor Coatings Ltd 19 Renishaw plc 5, 42 Technicut Ltd 32 West Midlands Fire Service 68 Invirt Reality 15 Moog Inc. 17 Replicade Ltd 23 Techni Grind Machining 59 Westmoreland Testing & Research Ltd 33, 34, 41 Falcomposite Ltd 45 Ionix Advanced Technologies Ltd 24 Morgan Advanced Materials 18 Replicast Ltd 33 Technoset 28 West Yorkshire Police 66 FE Robinson Ltd 33 Ipeco Composites 11 Mosquito Digital Limited 61 Resinex UK Ltd 53 Techteam Development LLP 68 Winbro Group 24 Ferrovial (Amey OWR) 23 Ipeco Holdings 4 Moulded Circuits Ltd 31 Retrac Composites Ltd 10 Teer Coatings Ltd 48, 50, 51 WMG HVM Catapult 39 Fleet Maintenance Ireland Ltd 33 ITP Engines UK Ltd 32 Moyola Precision Engineering Ltd 25 Rinicom Ltd 47, 63 TEKEVER Ltd 66 Flow HD 68 ITP SA (Spain) 28, 32 MSC Software 63 RLC Engineering 55 Ten Cate Advanced Composites 10, 41 FlyBe 15 Muretex Ltd 60 RNC Avionics Ltd 66, 69 Test and Verification Systems Ltd 58 Foam Techniques Ltd 30 J M Wright & Sons Ltd 9 Rockwell Collins 14, 23, 44 THALES 63 Fokker Elmo BV 16 Rockwell Collins operating in the UK as B/E Aero- The AMRC with Boeing 31 Formax 9 Jackson Design Ltd 29 N space (UK) Limited 14 The Boeing Company 6, 20, 34 Forsberg Services Ltd 23, 44 Jaguar Land Rover Automotive PLC 34 Rolls-Royce plc 7, 8, 12, 16, 17, 19, 24, 29, 31, 35, 41, The Great Circle Ltd 45, 46 Jet Aviation AG 4 NASA 19, 40 42, 52, 53, 55, 58, 60, 61 The National Composites Centre 41 G NASA Goddard Space Flight Centre 40 Ros Technology Ltd 23 Theta Technologies 52 K Nasmyth Technologies Ltd 32 Rotite Technologies 13 G2 Communications 16, 19 Third Dimension 30 NC Technology Ltd 23 Rotron Group 66 Gardner BTC Ltd 6 KAMAN Composites Ltd 10 TIA 7 NEDEAS Ltd 47 ROTRON Power Ltd 66, 67 Gardner Group Ltd 59 KAMAN Tooling Ltd 10 Tiab Limited 40 Newcastle University School of Agriculture, Food RTP-UK Ltd 60 GE Aviation 5, 19, 21, 32, 55, 61 Kenard Engineering (Tewkesbury) Ltd 25 Trackwise Designs Ltd 16 and Rural Development 68 Rule IQ 58 Gemms Ltd 28 Klauke UK Ltd 33 Transcal Engineering 7 Nikken Innovation Centre Europe Ltd 33 General Dynamics UK 58 Kwikbolt Ltd 51, 52 Tribus-D Ltd 54 Nuclear Advanced Manufacturing Research Centre S General Engine Management Systems 66 Kyocera Unimerco Tooling Ltd 50, 51 Trimvale Aviation 63 55, 56 TT Electronics 22 Geo Kingsbury 32 S2 Aerospace Ltd 22 German Aerospace Centre (DLR) 63 L O SAFRAN Labinal Power Systems 29 U Geven SPA 25 Safran Landing Systems 13, 43 Lancashire Fire & Rescue 69 Gingerneering Ltd 13, 14, 39 On-Systems Ltd 18 Saher (UK) 66 Laser Optical Eng. Ltd 31 UK Council for Electronic Business 60 GKN Aerospace 8, 9, 10, 30, 46, 51 Oxford Space Systems 15 Sandvik Coromant 31 Leigh Speciality Cables 54 Ultra Electronics Controls 18, 47 Oxsensis 17 Scientific Management International Ltd 43 Ultrawise Innovation Ltd 54

70 NATEP Innovation Directory www.natep.org.uk 71 For more information please contact:

NATEP Show centre ETPS Road Farnborough Hampshire GU14 6FD

020 7091 4543 [email protected] www.natep.org.uk