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Addis Ababa University College of Social Sciences Department Of ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY INCENTIVES AND CHALLENGES FOR LOCAL INSTITUTIONS IN COFFEE FOREST MANAGEMENT: THE CASE OF BILO-NOPHA WOREDA, ILLU ABBA BORA ZONE. BY: BEKALU DIBABA October, 2016 ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF SOCIAL SCIENCES DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY INCENTIVES AND CHALLENGES FOR LOCAL INSTITUTIONS IN COFFEE FOREST MANAGEMENT: THE CASE OF BILO-NOPHA WOREDA, ILLU ABBA BORA ZONE. A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIOLOGY IN PARTIALFULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIRMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OFARTS IN SOCIOLOGY BY: BEKALU DIBABA ADVISOR: ABEJE BERHANU, PHD October, 2016 ADDIS ABABA UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES This is to certify that the thesis prepared by BekaluDibaba, entitled: incentives and challenges for local institutions in coffee forest management:The Case of Bilo-Nophaworeda, Illu Abba Bora zone and submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for thedegree of Master of Arts in sociology complies with the regulation of the university and meets the accepted standards with respect to originality and quality. Approved By Boards of Examiners and Advisor Advisor Signature Date ____________________________ __________________ __________________ Internal examiner ____________________________ __________________ _________________ External examiner ____________________________ _________________ __________________ Acknowledgment First of all I would like to thank almighty God for the successful accomplishment of this works. I would also like to extend my sincere gratitude to my advisor AbejeBerhanu(PHD) for his constructive guidance and advice from the beginning to the completion of this work. My deepest gratitude also goes to Bilo-Nophaworeda administration, bureau of agricultural and forest conservation office, communication office, district bio-sphere management office and culture and tourism office, for their heart full support during the time of data collection. My sincere thank is also goes to my field work assistance, key informants, respondents and participants of group discussion of this study for allowing me to access all the necessary data. I’m also indebted to AtoBekaluTameene,Tariku Ayele, DerejeTassema,Boka Haile, Endalkachew Girma and Seble Fekadu for their constructive suggestion and support during the time of my study. i Table Contents Acknowledgement…………………………………………………………………………………I Table of content…………………………………………………………………………………...II List of table……………………………………………………………………………………….V List of figure……………………………………………………………………………………..VI List of abbreviation………………………………………………………………………………VI List of appendices……………………………………………………………………………….VII Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………...VIII Chapter One:Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1 1.Background of the study .......................................................................................................... 1 1.1.Statement of the problem ...................................................................................................... 3 1.2.Objective of the study ........................................................................................................... 5 1.2.1. General objective ...................................................................................................... 5 1.2.2. Specific objective ...................................................................................................... 5 1.3.Scope of the Study ................................................................................................................ 5 1.4.Significance of the Study ...................................................................................................... 6 1.5.Limitation of the study .......................................................................................................... 7 1.6.Organization of the Paper ...................................................................................................... 7 Cahpter Two:Literature Review ................................................................................................. 8 2. Definition and review of conceptual terms ............................................................................. 8 2.1.What are institution? .......................................................................................................... 8 2.1.1. Type of institution ......................................................................................................... 9 2.2. Conceptual and analiytical Framework ................................................................................. 10 2.2.1.1. The Institutional Analysis and Development (IAD) Framework ........................ 10 2.2.1.2. Major Components of IAD Framework .............................................................. 11 ii 2.3. Review of related literature ............................................................................................... 16 2.3.1. Local institutions and coffee forest management .......................................................... 16 2.3.2. Demarcation rule and coffee forest management ................................................... 17 2.3.2.1 Community participation on rule enforcement and decision making process ........ 18 2.3.3. Ownership right and coffee forest management ..................................................... 20 2.3.4. Local community attribute and forest resource management ................................. 22 2.3.5. Forest and Forest Resources attribute ..................................................................... 24 2.3.6.Challenges of coffee forest management ......................................................................... 25 2.3.7.Forest management and conservation policy in Ethiopia: an overview ........................... 26 2.3.7.1. The Imperial Period ................................................................................................ 27 2.3.7.2. The Dergue Period .................................................................................................. 27 2.3.7.3. The Current Situation .............................................................................................. 28 Chapter Three: Research Method ............................................................................................. 30 3.Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 30 3.1.Description of the study area ............................................................................................... 30 3.1.1. Geographical setting ............................................................................................... 30 3.1.2. Climate .................................................................................................................... 30 3.1.3. Population and economic condition ........................................................................ 31 3.1.4. Natural resource endowment .................................................................................. 32 3.1.5. History of Bilo-Nopha Forest Conservation ........................................................... 33 3.2.Research design ................................................................................................................... 35 3.3.Research approach .................................................................................................................. 35 3.3.1. Methodological triangulation ……………………………………………..…………..36 3.4. Study population………………………..……………………………………………….37 3.5. Sample design and sample size determination………………………………………….37 3.4. Method of data collection……….………………………………………………………...40 iii 3.4.1. Primary source….……………..................……………………………………………40 3.4.1.1. Household survey...……….……...…………………..……………………………...40 Conceptualization and Operationalization .............................................................. 41 3.4.1.2 In-depth and key informant interview ...………………..…......……..……………...43 3.4.1.3. Focus group discussion …...…..……………..……………………………………...44 3.5. Archival documents……………...…………........………………………………………44 3.6. Method of data analysis………………….……………....………………………………45 3.6.1. Quantitative data analysis…….………….…...….......………………………………45 3.6.2.Qualitative data analysis………...…..……………………………………………….45 3.7.Ethical consideration .............................................................................................................. 45 Chapter Four: Data Analysis and Presentation ....................................................................... 47 4.1. Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 47 4.2. socio-demographic and economiccharacteristics of respondents…………………...……47 4.2.1. Socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents ........................................... 47 4.2.2. Economic Structure of responents .......................................................................... 50 4.3. Institution of Coffee Forest Management .......................................................................... 52 4.3.1. Informal institutions ................................................................................................ 53 4.3.2. Formal institutions .................................................................................................. 56 4.3.3. Rules affecting
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