Rhythm, and Clues

I V J X F Y R D L Y W D U N H Searchin Michael Presser, Executive Director A Q X R O C K F V K K P D O P Help the musical note find it’s B L U E S B Y X X F S F G I A Presents… Y C L C N T K F L V V E A D R Y A K O A Z T V E I O D O A G E S W R R T H K J P U P T R O U S I D H S O N W G I I U G N Z E G V A Y V F F F U E N G O P T V N L O T S C G X U Q E H L T G H B E R H O J H D N L P N E C S U W Q B M D W S G Y M Z O B P M R O Y F D G S R W K O F D A X E J X L B M O W Z K B P I D R V X T C B Y W P K P F Y K R Q R E Q F V L T L S G

ALBUM BLUES BROADWAY Study Buddy CASSETTE DION ELVIS GUITAR IPOD PHONOGRAPH RADIO RECORD RHYTHM ROCK ROLL Where the

630 Ninth Avenue, Suite 802 Our Mission: Music Inside Broadway is a professional City based children’s theatre New York, NY 10036 12 committed to producing Broadway’s classic musicals in a Music Lives Telephone: 212-245-0710 contemporary light for young audiences. Fax: 212-245-3018 & More Our Supporters: 34 5 OF ROL ROC ND ME FA Michael Presser, Executive Director www.insidebroadway.org The Department of Education; New York State Office of Children and Family Services; New York City Department of Cultural 6 Board of Directors Advisory Board Teaching Artists Affairs; New York City Department of Youth and Community ALL K A L H Development; New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic 7 Irwin Fingerit, Chairman – Clark Ausloos Preservation and New York State Department of Education. Michael Presser, President Honorary Chair Jen Faith Brown Roger Bart ; Christine Quinn, Speaker, Domenic Recchia, 8 Howard Zipser, Vice President Nathan Christensen Mary Ellin Barrett Michael Flanagan Chair Cultural Affairs Committee and Council Members Joseph Elliot Altman. Tr e a s ur e r Addabbo, Jr., Tony Avella, Anthony Como, Erik Martin Dilan, Lew Fidler, Across: BJ Gandolfo William Tung, Secretary Dan Garodnick, Eric Gioia, Vincent Gentile, Sara Gonzalez, Melinda Katz, Dan Gordon 1. collection of 12 or more Richard Basini Stephen W. Bogardus Michael McMahon, Annabel Palma, Joel Rivera, Larry Seabrook, Helen Samantha Hancock recorded 9 David I. Cohen Sears, James Vacca and Thomas White, Jr. Adam Hose Joseph V. Cozza Theodore S. Chapin 4. singer Angela Jamieson New York State Assembly Members Peter Abbate, Michael Benedetto, John Diaz 6. used for tape recorders Abigail Jones Jonathan Bing, Barbara M Clark, Vivian E Cook, Adriano Espaillat, Anthony W. Guido Mark Lingenfelter Michael Gianaris, Richard Gottfried, Rhoda Jacobs, Brian Kavanagh, 8. original Hound Dog singer 10 Down: Unscramble Alan Eisenberg Eric Gural Braddon Mehrten Micah Kellner, Felix Ortiz, Mike Spano, Michele Titus, Mark Weprin and 9. 35th President of the 2. lyricist the tiles Mark Irgang Evan Paquette Ellen Young 3. made first appearance Mary Landolfi Kerry Prep 10. first multiple record player New York State Senators Andrew Lanza, John Flanagan, George Onorato 11 on Ed Sullivan in 1964 to reveal a Alan Momeyer Shay Saint-Victor and Tom Duane 11. composer George Stonbely Jasmine Guy Ethan Wagner 5. invented the phonograph 12. Jailhouse Rock singer message. Britton Williams These programs are supported in part, by public funds 7. country and rock hybrid Honorary Members Paul Libin Lindsay Wood from the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs. Pia Lindstrom 12 Barbara J. Fife Inside Broadway also receives support from The Shubert Foundation; Administrative Staff American Friends of Theatre; Theatrical Stage Employees, Local Mrs. Bernard B. Jacobs Peter L. Malkin IATSE; Associated Musicians of Greater New York; Local 802, AFM; Fund James L. Nederlander Michael Presser, Karen Mason Executive Director for the City of New York; Bank of America; Loews Corporation; Clear Vicki Singer Nicholas M. Sala, Channel Spectacolor; Newmark & Company Real Estate; Con Edison; Company Manager The Rockefeller Group Development Corporation; The Malkin Fund; New York Community Trust; RHI Entertainment; Max and Victoria Dreyfus Fred Papert Katie McAllister, Program Director Foundation, Inc., Spectacular Ventures, Cushman & Wakefield, Cipriani Where Leiber and Stoller Ended Up… Abigail Jones, USA, High Rise Systems, Inc., Stadtmauer Bailkin LLP, The Shubert Gerald Schoenfeld Comptroller Organization, Inc., The Times Square Alliance, The Town Hall Foundation, Susan L. Schulman A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z Laura Jean Hawkins, The Vesper Foundation and The Joelson Foundation. Government Relations Inside Broadway is a member of The Broadway League, Producers League The Dryfoos Group 10 19 25 2 22 4 9 3 44 26 17 18 7 23 21 29 30 20 24 8 6 11 1 28 14 31 of Theatre for Young Audiences, Inc. (PLOTYA); Alliance of Residence David Jaffe, Theatres/New York (A.R.T./ New York); New York City Arts in Education Marketing & Events Roundtable (AIE), NYC Arts Coalition, The Mayor’s Midtown Citizens Jaffe Management, Inc Committee and The Broadway Association. Melissa Fisher, K‘AAA Development Consultant Bank of America is a proud sponsor of Inside Reva Cooper, Broadway’s 2008-2009 school tour of Smokey Joe’s Café 24 7 21 17 22 14 26 21 22 24 25 10 4 22 21 23 19 20 21 10 2 1 10 14 Publicity Jeremy Howowitz, © Inside Broadway 2009. All Rights Reserved. Web Design Study Buddy written by Katie McAllister Design by Conklin

Leiber and Stoller Listen to the Music On Cover Me Today when we want to listen to our favorite songs we pull out our ipod and go. It wasn’t always so easy to listen to music, in fact just over a hun- Biography Since album art was first introduced dred years ago you would have had to go to a concert to hear it. in 1939, it has evolved in both it’s Broadway People have been listening to music for hundreds, even thousands of format and subject matter. Initially, album covers were drawn illustrations years. The only thing that has changed is how we listen to it. influenced by European poster art. Jerry Leiber and Mike Stoller met in , The first widely used mechanism for playing music was the phonograph, Alex Steinweiss is credited with in 1950 and began writing music together How did a composer from , and a lyricist from invented in 1877 by Thomas Edison. Unlike modern record players, the creating the art form and was right away. Leiber served as lyricist while Stoller, a classically Baltimore end up on Broadway? Well, in 1995 Smokey phonograph was a wind-up turn table that emitted sound from a large known for signing his creations. He argued horn attached to the player. Next came the radio which started as a trained but jazz and R&B loving composer wrote the music. In 1952 Joe’s Café, a musical revue of the songs of Leiber and that the art on the cover of the album would make the means of communicating between ships and in the 1920’s became the the pair was invited by to write songs for Thornton, Stoller began its run at the Virginia Theatre on Broadway. customer stop and look at the record and in all likelihood, buy it. radio that we listen to today in our cars and homes. In the beginning, an R&B singer from Montgomery Alabama. Their first for her? “Hound The show was directed by Jerry Zaks with choreography In the early 1950’s technological advancements in photography allowed radios played nightly programs that consisted of live concerts and radio Dog” which was an immediate hit and #1on the Billboard R&B charts for seven by Joey McKneely and featured 40 of Leiber and Stoller’s for illustrated covers to be replaced with “head shots” of the recording “theatre” shows. consecutive weeks. Three years later this song would be re-recorded by Elvis greatest hits. The production played for 2,036 perform- artist or photographs of a landscape or landmark. Presley and become an instant classic. Leiber and Stoller went on to write ances and was nominated for 5 , including The next big step came in 1927 with the creation of the first electrically best musical. Professional productions are still playing in additional songs for Elvis including “Jailhouse Rock” and “Treat Me Right”. amplified multi-selection phonograph or as it is more commonly known theatres around the world, most recently in China. Today, cover art is a mixture of both illustration and photography and the “Jukebox”. The term “Jukebox” comes from the word “Jook” which Together Leiber and Stoller wrote some of the most popular songs of all time, often reflects the theme of the album or the artist’s personal taste. is an old African American slang term meaning to dance, it also comes including “Stand By Me”, “Love Potion #9”, “Charlie Brown”, “Poison Ivy”, from Southern “Jute Joints” or dance halls of the 1920’s where Jukeboxes “Spanish Harlem” and “On Broadway”. They have received a star on the would appear. This invention revolutionized dance halls as it could play a and in 1987, were inducted into the Hall multitude of songs at the fraction of the cost of a live band. In its heyday, of Fame. The song writing duo is still active in the music industry today, in fact the Jukebox showcased artists enabling them to sell hundreds of records their music was recently used on . Rock and Roll Hall of Fame at once for artists like Chuck Berry and Jerry Lee Lewis. In 1964 Phillips introduced the compact cassette tape player which was The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and Museum is dedicated to the preservation originally used for voice dictation due to its poor sound quality. The eight of the history of some of the best known and most influential artists and track tape followed as an answer to a compact music system with better music producers who have made major contributions to the music industry. sound. In the 1980’s the portable cassette player gained popularity with the Sony Walkman and cassette tape sales skyrocketed. With the onset of The museum was founded in 1986 and is located in Cleveland, . The Baby That’s Rock and Roll digital recording onto CD’s in early 90’s, Sony’s CD Walkman had overtak- museum inducts a handful of artists into the Hall of Fame each year. To be en the cassette player as the portable music player of choice. How did Rock and Roll get started? Where did it come from? Who is Well, like any art form, Rock and Roll was constantly eligible for induction, a group or individual must have released their first responsible? The of Rock and Roll are in several musical forms including evolving, so our perception of what made a song “rock” record at least 25 years ago. There are four categories: Performers, Non- This brings us to the invention of the ipod by Apple. While CD players are Jazz , Gospel and R&B, but to really understand how it came to be, we changed with each new incarnation. All of these songs Performers, Early Influences, and Sidemen. Each year, about five to seven still popular, the ipod, and mp3 player brought the art of listening to have to go back to 1951 and to what is regarded as the first rock’n’roll share some of the characteristics of the genre like guitar people (or groups) are inducted into the hall of fame, this is done through a music into a whole other age. With its capacity to store over 2,000 songs single. “Rocket 88” was written by Ike Turner and sung by Jackie Brenston. licks, drum snare accents and a “rockabilly” feel. nomination process and then voted on by 1000 experts in the music industry. and play movies among other things, the ipod has revolutionized not only This song is widely regarded by many to be the first rock and roll song, but how we listen to music, but how we purchase it. In recent years the others contend that 1954’s “Rock Around the Clock” by and the When Rock and Roll was at it’s golden age in the 1950’s, it was Past inductees have included Elvis Presley, Chuck Berry, Little Richard, recording industry has seen a decline in traditional album sales as people Comets was the first. Still others think that the first was 1948’s “Rock and welcomed by teenagers, but not so much by adults who didn’t understand James Brown, Bob Marley, The Rolling Stones, Aerosmith, U2, The Platters, purchase their music from online sources. , The Beatles, , Elton John, , Roll” by boxer Wild Bill Moore. Since there are so many different why their children wanted to listen to music that was “loud and obnoxious” With technology improving everyday, and ipods, mp3 players and even opinions on this subject, which one do we believe? instead of the swing and big band music that they grew up with. Sound Madonna, Ray Charles, The Four Seasons and Buddy Holly. phones changing, who knows how we will listen to music in the future. familiar?

Want to buy the latest hit record? Pretty Notable Notables easy, right? Just go to itunes or Rhapsody For the and download it onto your ipod or computer. Well, before technology made it so easy for The fifties and sixties were a time of change, not only in music, but in the us to get our music from the internet, people world. Below are some of the people who made great contributions to our Record bought records in stores. Not CDs or tapes or society. even eight tracks. There were records, period. 1935-1977 Elvis Aron Presley was born in Tupelo, Rosa Parks (1913-2005) is most famous for her refusal to give up her seat for a white man There were two kinds of records – Albums, Mississippi on January 8, 1935. Elvis grew up sur- on a bus, which sparked the Montgomery, rounded by gospel, blues and jazz and incorporat- which had 12 songs (6 on each side) and Alabama bus boycott. Ms. Parks continued 45’s which had only 2 songs ed those musical styles into his own brand of rock to be a force in the fight for Civil Rights (1 on each side). 45’s were and roll. In 1957, he recorded the Leiber and throughout her life, eventually establishing very popular in the 50’s and Stoller song “Houng Dog” which was an imme- the Rosa and Raymond Parks Institute for 60’s as they usually cost diate success for both the singer and the song- Self Development. Miss Parks was voted about a dollar and could be writers. Elvis continued his collaboration with by Time Magazine as one of the 100 Most afforded by most teenagers. them on the song “Jailhouse Rock” and cov- Influential People of the 20th Century Lincoln Memorial. Dr. King was assassinated on the balcony of his hotel room on April 4, 1968. A 45 typically had the “hit” ered over a dozen of their songs throughout and received both the Congressional Gold song on one side and the Medal of Honor and the Presidential Medal of Freedom. his recording career. Elvis served in the mili- John F Kennedy (1917- 1963) - the 35th President of the United States of “flip” or “B” side contained a Rosa Parks died on October 24, 2005, she was 92 years old. tary during the Korean War thus inspiring America, JFK was the youngest man ever elected to the office of President. lesser known number by the the title character in the musical “Bye Bye Martin Luther King (1929- 1968) is one of the most beloved and influential He was an advocate of the Arts and often attended Broadway productions same artist. Birdie”. He made 33 films, recorded 131 figures in American history. A noted civil rights activist who participated in with Camelot, being his favorite show. President Kennedy also believed in albums and received the Lifetime the Montgomery, Alabama bus boycott, he also fought against segregation the youth of America and was an avid supporter of groups like the Peace Achievement Grammy at the age of 36. in schools and was know for his “non-violent” approach to protest marches. Corp and the Alliance for Progress. He is remembered for his inaugural speech and for the phrase “Ask not what your country can do for you, ask Elvis’ influence on American pop culture At the age of 35, he was the youngest recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize. MLK was known for his persuasive and elegant speeches, his most famous is what you can do for your country”. President Kennedy was assassinated on and music is still felt today. his “I Have a Dream” speech which was delivered on the steps of the November 22, 1963 in Dallas Texas.

Big Momma Thornton were The Drifters recorded the (1956 to 1961) The Dion Whose real name was Dion The Music (1926-1984) was born considered to be the first Leiber and Stoller song Coasters released a string of hits DiMucci, grew up in Bronx NY and Willie Mae Thornton in groups “There Goes My Baby” in written by Leiber and Stoller, including formed the singing group “Dion and Montgomery, Alabama. to cross over into rock 1959. The song was co-written “Searchin’” “Young Blood”, “Charlie ” which was so named She was known for her and roll. They combined by then lead singer Ben E. Brown”, “” and their for Belmont Avenue. Dion was a Makers “booming” voice and was gospel and blues for a King, who went onto record most famous recording, “Poison Ivy”. teen idol from 1958 to 1963 recording a fixture on the rhythm unique sound. The group Leiber and Stoller’s “Stand Originally named the “Robins” the such hits as “I Wonder Why”, While Leiber and Stoller wrote and blues circuit. In 1953, was signed by Atlantic By Me” and “Spanish group changed their name when they “Teenager in Love”, “” the music, there were many Leiber and Stoller wrote Records in 1951 and soon Harlem” as a solo artist. The signed with Leiber and Stoller’s label, and the Leiber and Stoller hit “Ruby different individuals and groups the song “Hound Dog” for after recorded their hit Drifters were inducted into “Spark Records”. The Coasters were Baby”. were who recorded their songs. her which reached number “Love Potion #9”. the Rock and Roll Hall of inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall 1 on the R&B charts. Fame in 1988. of Fame in 1987. of Fame in 1989.