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St. Mark's Parish A HISTORY OF ST. MARK'S PARISH CULPEPER COUNTY, VIRGINIA, WITH NOTES OF OLD CHURCHES AND OLD FAMILIES, AND ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE Manners and Customs of the Olden Tz"me. BY REV. PHILIP SLAUGHTER, D. D. Rector of Enzmanttel Clui,rclt, Culpeper Co., Va. AUTHOR OF THE HISTORIES OF ST. GEORGE'S AND BRISTOL PARISHES, VA, 1877. THE AUTHOR'S PREFACE. The author believes that be was the :ffrst })erson who conceived the idea of writing a history of the old parishes in Virgiq.ia. upon the basis of tlie ·old vestry-books and registers. Thirty years ago be published the History of Bristol Parish (Petersburg), of which he was then rector. ln 1849 he published the History of St. George's Parish, in Si)otsylvania. His labors were then suspended by. ill-health, and he went abroad, never expecting to resu1ne them. This personal evil resulted in the general good. Bishop Meade,. the most competent of all men for this special task, was induced to take up the subject, and the result was the va.luable work, "The Old Churches and Fan1ilies of Virginia," in ,vbich the . author's histories of St. George and Bristol Pa1·isbes, and some other materials which he had gathered·, ,vere incorporated. The author, in his old age, returns to his first love, and subn1its to the public a history of bis native parish of St. 11:ark's. The reader will })lease bear in. mind that this is not a general history. _of the civil and social institutions within the bounds of this parish, and yet be will find in it many incidental illustrations of these subjects, He must also be i·e1ninded that it does not iv PREF.A OE. purport to be a history of Christianity in its varied forms and polities within the lines of St. Mark's. That would open a large field, which the author has not time or strength now to traverse. He means, therefore, no disrespect to other Christian polities and }leoples (among whom are numbered many valued friends and relatives) in omitting all reference to them. In this respect he has (ollowed the example of the parish records, which are the bases of this history, and in which there is not one word about Christians of other names, from the first organization of St. Mark's Parish, in 1731, to the present moment. The vestry abstained in like 1nanner from political allusion; for while keeping up its organization and records during the whole of the American Revolu­ tion, the only allusion to an event which so absorbed men's minds is the following entry:-" Capt. Richard Yancey is appointed a vestryman in place of'· Major John Green, in Continental service." Church history in Virginia may be distributed into several eras, the observation of which will make it more intelligible. The first is the Era of' the <_;)hurch of England in the Colony and Dominion of Virginia. This covers the whole period fi~om the first plantation of Jamestown to the American Revo­ lution. · During this period the Church was in bondage to the State, which never allowed it to or,ganize. For political reasons it was not permitted to have a bishop; and there were no ordinations or .PREFACE. V confirmations during the whole colonial term. Can-­ didates for orders had to make the then costly, pro­ tracted and perilous voyage across the sea. Some of them could not pay the expense, and others were lost at sea, while some died of the small-pox in London,. which was very fatal before th.e use of vaccination. The Church was not only denied an executive head,. but it had no legislature. It bad no authority to pa~s a law, enact a canon, or inflict a penalty, not even for the discipline of its own ministers and members; and it never performed one. of theAe functions. The second era may be called the Transition Age, d·uring which the ties that bound it to the Stat_e were one by-one severed; and this lasted from 1776 to the :first organization of the Protestant Episcopal Church of Virginia, in 1785, when it became free, although its organization was not perfected until the election of its first bishop (Madison). The next era n1ay be called the Era of Declihe1 when the _Episcopal Church was staggering under the odiu1n of having been an established church, which lasted until William Meade, William Wilmer, William Hawley, Oliver Norris, and s_uch like, came upon the stage, and_ elected Richard Channing Moore, of New York, to be their leader. Then began the Era of Revival; after a torpid winter, an awaken­ ing spring followed by a fruitful su_mmer. To this season we may apply the words of Shakspeare, but in a higher sense :- vi PREF.A.OE. "Now is the winter of our discontent .. Made glorious summer by this son .. of York; And all the clouds that lowered upon our house, In the deep bosom of the ocean buried "- While we recognize and tiejoico in the good that has been done by other Christian ministers outside of' our fold, we too may be permitted to rejoice .that our Virginian Episcopal Roll is "without a blemish"; and that their hands have been upheld by a goodly and growing company of preachers, who have re­ kindled the fires upon many an old altar where the sparrow had found her an house, and the swallow a nest for herself; ev~n thine altars, 0 Lord. God of Hosts! my King and my God. SUGGESTIONS TO OUR READERS. In such an almost countless number of nam~s and dates as occur. in. this book, it must needs be that errors _of the pen or of the press will creep in.. If those · who detect them will · kindly communicate them to the auth~r; he will gladly correct thern in a new edition; the· proposed first edition having been ordered in anticipation of l)ublication. If the reader will bear in mind the following facts it will {acilitate his understandirig of this history. In 1720 Spots­ sylvania County was taken from Essex, King and Queen· and· King William;.w·hose jurisdiction hitherto extended to the great 1nountains. .St.-. G_e.orge's PREF.A.OE. vii Parish, coterminous with Spotsylvania., ,vns formed by the same Act. In 1731 St. Mark's was taken from St. George. In 1734 Orange ·was formed fro1n Spot­ sylvania. In 1740 St. Thomas was taken from St. Mark's. In 17 48 Culpeper was forn1ed from Orange. In 1752 Bromfield Parish was taken from St. Ma.rk's. In 1792 :Madison County was 'taken fron1 Culpeper. In 1831 Rappahannock County was formed from Culpeper, and •in 1~38 the County of Greene was taken from the County of Orange. ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. Besides the acknow led gm en ts· made in the body of this work, the author is under obligations to Isaac Winston, Jr., for volunteering to transcribe his entire manuscript into a fair hand-a task almost as diffi.Gult as the interpretation of hieroglyphical char­ acters by Oriental scholars. 1 am indebted for a like favor to Rev. Dr. Randolph, of Emmanuel Church, Baltimore, for volun tearing to read the proof-sheets as they passed through the press ; and to the Rev. Dr. Dalrymple, the Hon. Hugh Blair Grigsby, Mr. R. A. Brock, of the Virginia Historical Society, Dr. Andrew Grinnan, of Madison, Mr. George Mason Williams, of' Culpeper, Col. Ed ward McDonald, · of Louisville, to the gentlemen of the press, nnd to many correspondents too numerou:; to be nam-ed, for aid and sympathy in his work. ·INDEX. S1'. MAHK'S PARISII. PAGE Sm ALEXANDER SPOTSWOOD, Lieutenant-Governor of Virginia: His Ancestry, Birth, Marriage, Administration, Death, Burial,. Descendants, and Relation to St. Mark's Parish, 1 ORGANIZATION OF ST. MARK'S PARISH, • 6 FIRST MnnsTER OF ST. MA.RK,S, 16 REV. JOHN THOMPSON, 18 CULPEPER COUNTY, 23 THE ORGANIZATION OF THE CHURCH IN VIRGINI~, 45 REV. JOHN WOODVILLE, 49 REV. JOHN COLE, 62 THE SUCCESSORS OF THE REV. MR. COLE, 69 PRESENT STATUS OF THE CHURCHES IN ST. MARK,S, 71 ST. THOMAS PARISH, Orange County, 78 BROMFIELD P .A.RISH, HISTORICAL EXCURSIONS. THE KNIGHTS OF THE GOLDEN HORSESHOE, . 88: GERl\lANNA,. • 97 DIARY OF CAPTAIN PHILIP SLAUGHTER, beginning in 1775 and continued to 1849, • 106 LEWIS LITTLEPAGE, • 109· THE TOBACCO PL.A.NT, , , 114 GENEALOGIES. THE BARBOUR F .A.MILY, 118 THE CARTER FAMILY, . 121 THE CA VE F .AMIL Y, • 122· THE CL.A.YTONS, • • 125 THE COLEMANS, • 12S 'fHE C0NW.A. y F AMIL y I 129' X JNJJE'X. TIIE FIELDS, • 130 THE FRY FAMILY, • 132 THE GARNETT FAMILY, , 134 THE GLASSELL F.A.11ULY 1 , 136 THE GREEN FAMILY, , , 138 THE LIGRTFOOTS, 142 THE MADISON F .AMIL Y, , 1~ THE PENDLETON FAMILY, 148 THE SLAUGHTER FAMILY, 157 THE SPOTSWOOD FAMILY, 165 THE REV, JAMES. STEVENSON, 168 THE STROTHER FAMILY, 169 THE TAYLOR FAMILY, 17;2 FAMILY OF THE REV, JOHN THOllfPSON, 174 THE WILLIAMS FAMILY OF CULPEPER, 177 THE WINSTON-HENRY GENE.A.LOGY, 183 REV. JOHN WOODVILLE, 1!);2 LIEUT,-GENER.AL AMBROSE POWELL HILL, 1!)3 THE BROADUS FAMILY, 1!)4 ~M~ISCELLANEOUS~ ITEMS. THE BROWN FAMILY, . Hl{? :MEDICAL MEN IN CULPEPER BEFORE THE REVOLUTION, 1!)5 THE LAWYERS, 196 TOWNS IN CULPEPER, • 196 Stevensburg; Clerksburg, not Clarksburg; Jeft'erson; Sprin6- :fleld; Jamestown. BRICK MAii:ING IN VIRGINIA, ms VESTRYMEN OF ST. "MARK'S,· ms SIR- ALEXANDER SPOTSWOOD, LmUTENANT-GOVERNOR OF VI'RGINIA, Hrs ANOESTRY, BIRTH, MARRIAGE, ADMINISTRATION, DEATH, BURIAL, DESCENDANTS, AND RELATION ''fj ST.
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