Tillandsia Cyanea This Photo Was Taken by and Submitted by Bev Smith
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Leaf Anatomy and C02 Recycling During Crassulacean Acid Metabolism in Twelve Epiphytic Species of Tillandsia (Bromeliaceae)
Int. J. Plant Sci. 154(1): 100-106. 1993. © 1993 by The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. 1058-5893/93/5401 -0010502.00 LEAF ANATOMY AND C02 RECYCLING DURING CRASSULACEAN ACID METABOLISM IN TWELVE EPIPHYTIC SPECIES OF TILLANDSIA (BROMELIACEAE) VALERIE S. LOESCHEN,* CRAIG E. MARTIN,' * MARIAN SMITH,t AND SUZANNE L. EDERf •Department of Botany, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-2106; and t Department of Biological Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Edwardsville, Illinois 62026-1651 The relationship between leaf anatomy, specifically the percent of leaf volume occupied by water- storage parenchyma (hydrenchyma), and the contribution of respiratory C02 during Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) was investigated in 12 epiphytic species of Tillandsia. It has been postulated that the hydrenchyma, which contributes to C02 exchange through respiration only, may be causally related to the recently observed phenomenon of C02 recycling during CAM. Among the 12 species of Tillandsia, leaves of T. usneoides and T. bergeri exhibited 0% hydrenchyma, while the hydrenchyma in the other species ranged from 2.9% to 53% of leaf cross-sectional area. Diurnal malate fluctuation and nighttime atmospheric C02 uptake were measured in at least four individuals of each species. A significant excess of diurnal malate fluctuation as compared with atmospheric C02 absorbed overnight was observed only in T. schiedeana. This species had an intermediate proportion (30%) of hydrenchyma in its leaves. Results of this study do not support the hypothesis that C02 recycling during CAM may reflect respiratory contributions of C02 from the tissue hydrenchyma. Introduction tions continue through fixation of internally re• leased, respired C02 (Szarek et al. -
THE BROMELIAD BLADE November 2017
THE BROMELIAD BLADE November 2017 Newsletter of the The San Diego Bromeliad Society Bromeliad Blade November 2017 s VOLUME LII NUMBER 11 Then finally, after an over-sized lunch at Hometown Buffet, we continued President’s plant hunting at Rainforest Flora, where I picked up a few interesting Tillandsia hybrids. The fun part, of Corner course, was spending quality time By Scott Sandel with the members of our society who were on the bus. It was a lot of fun, and special thanks go out to Eloise I hope you all are enjoying the waning days of fall. With the Lau for arranging the bus, weather getting cooler, we are researching the route and the best supposed to look for tasks in the place to eat, and for bringing garden and with our bromeliad Halloween-themed Tillandsia raffle collection, such as cleaning, sorting prizes for the ride back to San and preparing for our plants Diego. Further thank-yous go to Al hardening-off for the season. But no Evans Jr. and to Dave Kennedy who – of course not! Some of us hopped will fill in for me at the November on a bus and went shopping for new meeting, since I’ll be in plants. Who wants to conventional, Nicaragua. Thanks guys! Have a well-behaved and judicious great November meeting with the anyway? Some of the coolest new presentation by Andrew Wilson on plants were those I saw in others’ the arid Tillandsias of Argentina. It’s shopping carts. Funny how that an interesting program, and I am sad works, isn’t it? At any rate, I did to miss it. -
Leonard Bernstein
chapter one Young American Bernstein at Harvard In 1982, at the age of sixty-four, Leonard Bernstein included in his col- lection of his writings, Findings, some essays from his younger days that prefi gured signifi cant elements of his later adult life and career. The fi rst, “Father’s Books,” written in 1935 when he was seventeen, is about his father and the Talmud. Throughout his life, Bernstein was ever mind- ful that he was a Jew; he composed music on Jewish themes and in later years referred to himself as a “rabbi,” a teacher with a penchant to pass on scholarly learning, wisdom, and lore to orchestral musicians.1 Moreover, Bernstein came to adopt an Old Testament prophetic voice for much of his music, including his fi rst symphony, Jeremiah, and his third, Kaddish. The second essay, “The Occult,” an assignment for a freshman composi- tion class at Harvard that he wrote in 1938 when he was twenty years old, was about meeting Dimitri Mitropoulos, who inspired him to take up conducting. The third, his senior thesis of April 1939, was a virtual man- ifesto calling for an organic, vernacular, rhythmically based, distinctly American music, a music that he later championed from the podium and realized in his compositions for the Broadway stage and operatic and concert halls.2 8 Copyrighted Material Seldes 1st pages.indd 8 9/15/2008 2:48:29 PM Young American / 9 EARLY YEARS: PROPHETIC VOICE Bernstein as an Old Testament prophet? Bernstein’s father, Sam, was born in 1892 in an ultraorthodox Jewish shtetl in Russia. -
Vee's Crypt House by Ray Clark
Vol 44 Number 2 April, May & June 2020 PUBLISHED BY: Editor- Derek Butcher. Assist Editor – Bev Masters Born 1977 and still offsetting!' COMMITTEE MEMBERS 2019-2020 President: Adam Bodzioch 58 Cromer Parade Millswood 5034 Ph: 0447755022 Secretary: Bev Masters 6 Eric Street, Plympton 5038 Ph: 83514876 Vice president: Keith Bradtberg Treasurer: Annette Bellman Committee: Penny Seekamp Jessie Schinella Betty Nayda Sue Sckrabei Jeff Hollinshead Kallam Sharman Pam Nelson Life members : Margaret Butcher, Derek Butcher, : Len Colgan, Adam Bodzioch : Bill Treloar Email address: Meetings Venue: Secretary – [email protected] Maltese Cultural Centre, Web site: http://www.bromeliad.org.au 6 Jeanes Street, Cultivar Register http://botu07.bio.uu.nl/bcg/bcr/index.php Beverley S.A. List for species names http://botu07.bio.uu.nl/bcg/taxonList.php http://botu07.bio.uu.nl/brom-l/ altern site http://imperialis.com.br/ FOLLOW US ON FACEBOOK Pots, Labels & Hangers - Small quantities available all meetings. Time: 2.00pm. Second Sunday For special orders/ larger quantities call Ron Masters on 83514876 of each month. Exceptions –2020 3rd Sunday in March, April May & October- or unless advised otherwise (see dates below). No meeting in December VISITORS & NEW MEMBERS WELCOME. Dyckia ‘Arizona’ ( Photo Julie) MEETING & SALES 2020 DATES SUBJECT TO COVID-19 DIRECTIONS 2020 Meeting dates & events. 19/4/2020 CANCELLED (3rd Sunday- Workshop, Genera: Tillandsia), 17/5/2020 CANCELLED (3rd Sunday- Genera: Billbergia), 14/6/2020 CANCELLED 12/7/2020 (Xmas in July, Catered Peter Hall memorial lunch POSTPONED. 9/8/2020 CANCELLED . 13/9/2020 ( Clones & seed batches. Genera: Broms in flower) 18/10/2020 (3rd Sunday – Workshop, Genera: Pattern leaf Vriesea & Goudaea ), 23/10/2020 set up sales, 24/10 & 25/10/2020 sales, 8/11/2020. -
Diversity and Levels of Endemism of the Bromeliaceae of Costa Rica – an Updated Checklist
A peer-reviewed open-access journal PhytoKeys 29: 17–62Diversity (2013) and levels of endemism of the Bromeliaceae of Costa Rica... 17 doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.29.4937 CHECKLIST www.phytokeys.com Launched to accelerate biodiversity research Diversity and levels of endemism of the Bromeliaceae of Costa Rica – an updated checklist Daniel A. Cáceres González1,2, Katharina Schulte1,3,4, Marco Schmidt1,2,3, Georg Zizka1,2,3 1 Abteilung Botanik und molekulare Evolutionsforschung, Senckenberg Forschungsinstitut Frankfurt/Main, Germany 2 Institut Ökologie, Evolution & Diversität, Goethe-Universität Frankfurt/Main, Germany 3 Biodive rsität und Klima Forschungszentrum (BiK-F), Frankfurt/Main, Germany 4 Australian Tropical Herbarium & Center for Tropical Biodiversity and Climate Change, James Cook University, Cairns, Australia Corresponding author: Daniel A. Cáceres González ([email protected]) Academic editor: L. Versieux | Received 1 March 2013 | Accepted 28 October 2013 | Published 11 November 2013 Citation: González DAC, Schulte K, Schmidt M, Zizka G (2013) Diversity and levels of endemism of the Bromeliaceae of Costa Rica – an updated checklist. PhytoKeys 29: 17–61. doi: 10.3897/phytokeys.29.4937 This paper is dedicated to the late Harry Luther, a world leader in bromeliad research. Abstract An updated inventory of the Bromeliaceae for Costa Rica is presented including citations of representa- tive specimens for each species. The family comprises 18 genera and 198 species in Costa Rica, 32 spe- cies being endemic to the country. Additional 36 species are endemic to Costa Rica and Panama. Only 4 of the 8 bromeliad subfamilies occur in Costa Rica, with a strong predominance of Tillandsioideae (7 genera/150 spp.; 75.7% of all bromeliad species in Costa Rica). -
A Century of Mathematics in America, Peter Duren Et Ai., (Eds.), Vol
Garrett Birkhoff has had a lifelong connection with Harvard mathematics. He was an infant when his father, the famous mathematician G. D. Birkhoff, joined the Harvard faculty. He has had a long academic career at Harvard: A.B. in 1932, Society of Fellows in 1933-1936, and a faculty appointmentfrom 1936 until his retirement in 1981. His research has ranged widely through alge bra, lattice theory, hydrodynamics, differential equations, scientific computing, and history of mathematics. Among his many publications are books on lattice theory and hydrodynamics, and the pioneering textbook A Survey of Modern Algebra, written jointly with S. Mac Lane. He has served as president ofSIAM and is a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Mathematics at Harvard, 1836-1944 GARRETT BIRKHOFF O. OUTLINE As my contribution to the history of mathematics in America, I decided to write a connected account of mathematical activity at Harvard from 1836 (Harvard's bicentennial) to the present day. During that time, many mathe maticians at Harvard have tried to respond constructively to the challenges and opportunities confronting them in a rapidly changing world. This essay reviews what might be called the indigenous period, lasting through World War II, during which most members of the Harvard mathe matical faculty had also studied there. Indeed, as will be explained in §§ 1-3 below, mathematical activity at Harvard was dominated by Benjamin Peirce and his students in the first half of this period. Then, from 1890 until around 1920, while our country was becoming a great power economically, basic mathematical research of high quality, mostly in traditional areas of analysis and theoretical celestial mechanics, was carried on by several faculty members. -
ISB: Atlas of Florida Vascular Plants
Longleaf Pine Preserve Plant List Acanthaceae Asteraceae Wild Petunia Ruellia caroliniensis White Aster Aster sp. Saltbush Baccharis halimifolia Adoxaceae Begger-ticks Bidens mitis Walter's Viburnum Viburnum obovatum Deer Tongue Carphephorus paniculatus Pineland Daisy Chaptalia tomentosa Alismataceae Goldenaster Chrysopsis gossypina Duck Potato Sagittaria latifolia Cow Thistle Cirsium horridulum Tickseed Coreopsis leavenworthii Altingiaceae Elephant's foot Elephantopus elatus Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua Oakleaf Fleabane Erigeron foliosus var. foliosus Fleabane Erigeron sp. Amaryllidaceae Prairie Fleabane Erigeron strigosus Simpson's rain lily Zephyranthes simpsonii Fleabane Erigeron vernus Dog Fennel Eupatorium capillifolium Anacardiaceae Dog Fennel Eupatorium compositifolium Winged Sumac Rhus copallinum Dog Fennel Eupatorium spp. Poison Ivy Toxicodendron radicans Slender Flattop Goldenrod Euthamia caroliniana Flat-topped goldenrod Euthamia minor Annonaceae Cudweed Gamochaeta antillana Flag Pawpaw Asimina obovata Sneezeweed Helenium pinnatifidum Dwarf Pawpaw Asimina pygmea Blazing Star Liatris sp. Pawpaw Asimina reticulata Roserush Lygodesmia aphylla Rugel's pawpaw Deeringothamnus rugelii Hempweed Mikania cordifolia White Topped Aster Oclemena reticulata Apiaceae Goldenaster Pityopsis graminifolia Button Rattlesnake Master Eryngium yuccifolium Rosy Camphorweed Pluchea rosea Dollarweed Hydrocotyle sp. Pluchea Pluchea spp. Mock Bishopweed Ptilimnium capillaceum Rabbit Tobacco Pseudognaphalium obtusifolium Blackroot Pterocaulon virgatum -
Tillandsia Recurvata Is the Most Wide
ZLATKO JANEBA Tillandsia recurvata illandsia recurvata is the most wide- even known to grow on roofs and power lines. spread bromeliad. It occurs in the T. recurvata is the type species of subgenus Dia- southern US, where it stretches phoranthema, which contains some 30 variable and from Florida all the way to Arizo- mostly miniature species that have small, incon- na, and as far south as as Argenti- spicuous flowers. Members of Diaphoranthema are na and Chile. It grows epiphytical- common and locally abundant in South Ameri- ly on trees, bushes, and cacti or as ca, with a distribution centered in Argentina and a petrophyte on rocky cliffs. It is Bolivia. Only two species reach North America: T. recurvata (aka Small Ballmoss) was found growing close to the ground on the side of the barrel cactus Echinocactus platyacanthus near La Ascención, Nuevo León, Mexico (right). More often, T. recurvata is spotted (right) clinging to the bark of pine trees (Pinus johannis and Pinus arizonica var stormiae), as seen here at a Tspot between Santa Lucia and El Pinito, Nuevo León. 2 CACTUS AND SUCCULENT JOURNAL T. recurvata, sometimes called Small Ballmoss, and Tillandsia species, such as T. capillaris, T. croca- T. usneoides, the well known Spanish Moss. ta, and T. mallemontii, which are found in simi- Polyploidy, the condition wherein a plant con- lar habitats but which have different flower char- tains more than one set of chromosomes in its acteristics. cells, is common in this subgenus. Normally we T. recurvata was described by Carl Linnaeus think of polyploidy resulting in larger-than-nor- as Renealmia recurvata in 1753, the same year mal plants, but these bromeliads tend to be quite that he erected the genus Tillandsia. -
Supplementary Material What Do Nectarivorous Bats Like? Nectar Composition in Bromeliaceae with Special Emphasis on Bat-Pollinated Species
Supplementary Material What do nectarivorous bats like? Nectar composition in Bromeliaceae with special emphasis on bat-pollinated species Author: Thomas Göttlinger, Michael Schwerdtfeger, Kira Tiedge, Gertrud Lohaus* *Correspondence: Gertrud Lohaus ([email protected]) Supplementary Figure S1: Concentration of sugars (glucose, fructose, sucrose) in nectar of seven genera of Bromeliaceae (Alcantarea (A), Guzmania (B), Pitcairnia (C), Puya (D), Tillandsia (E), Vriesea (F), Werauhia (G)) which include bat-pollinated species. The box plots show medians (horizontal line in box) and means (x in box). Supplementary Material What do nectarivorous bats like? Nectar composition in Bromeliaceae with special emphasis on bat-pollinated species Author: Thomas Göttlinger, Michael Schwerdtfeger, Kira Tiedge, Gertrud Lohaus* *Correspondence: Gertrud Lohaus ([email protected]) Supplementary Figure S2: Concentration of amino acids (ala, arg, asn, asp, gaba, gln, glu, gly, his, iso, leu, lys, met, phe, pro, ser, thr, trp, tyr, val) in nectar of seven genera of Bromeliaceae (Alcantarea (A), Guzmania (B), Pitcairnia (C), Puya (D), Tillandsia (E), Vriesea (F), Werauhia (G)), which include bat-pollinated species. The box plots show medians (horizontal line in box) and means (x in box). Supplementary Material What do nectarivorous bats like? Nectar composition in Bromeliaceae with special emphasis on bat-pollinated species Author: Thomas Göttlinger, Michael Schwerdtfeger, Kira Tiedge, Gertrud Lohaus* *Correspondence: Gertrud Lohaus ([email protected]) Supplementary Figure S3: Cation concentrations (Ca2+, K+, Na+, Mg2+) in nectar of seven genera of Bromeliaceae (Alcantarea (A), Guzmania (B), Pitcairnia (C), Puya (D), Tillandsia (E), Vriesea (F), Werauhia (G)), which include bat-pollinated species. The box plots show medians (horizontal line in box) and means (x in box). -
Spanish Moss, Ball Moss, and Lichens - Harmless Epiphytes 1 Joe Sewards and Sydney Park Brown2
ENH1224 Spanish Moss, Ball Moss, and Lichens - Harmless Epiphytes 1 Joe Sewards and Sydney Park Brown2 Epiphytes are “air” plants that survive on moisture and Despite their common names, Spanish moss (Tillandsia nutrients in the atmosphere. Several epiphytic plants, like usneoides) and ball moss (Tillandsia recurvata) are not Spanish moss, ball moss, and lichen, are common to the mosses, but members of the Bromeliad family. Spanish Florida landscape and southeast United States. People moss (Figure 1) is easily recognizable by its pendant unfamiliar with epiphytes sometimes worry that they may strands. Ball moss (Figure 2) is a small, tufted, gray-green injure the plants they perch in. Epiphytes attach themselves plant. Both prefer high light and will therefore thrive on to plants, but they do not harm the plants, unlike mistletoe, weak or dead trees that have lost their leaves. Their pres- a plant parasite. Without soil as a source of nutrients, ence on dead or dying trees does not implicate them as the epiphytic plants have evolved the capacity to obtain miner- cause of the plant’s deterioration, however. Sick or dead als dissolved in water that flows across leaves and down host trees likely succumbed to soil compaction, altered branches. drainage, disease, or other problems that can compromise plant health. Spanish moss may speed the decline of failing While epiphytes may grow on wires, fences and other trees. This is because branches heavily laden with Spanish non-living structures, they are particularly well-adapted to moss may shade lower leaves, intercepting light needed well-lit, moist habitats commonly found near rivers, ponds for photosynthesis, and sometimes concealing structural and lakes. -
How Prevalent Is Crassulacean Acid Metabolism Among Vascular Epiphytes?
Oecologia (2004) 138: 184-192 DOI 10.1007/s00442-003-1418-x ECOPHYSIOLOGY Gerhard Zotz How prevalent is crassulacean acid metabolism among vascular epiphytes? Received: 24 March 2003 / Accepted: 1Í September 2003 / Published online: 31 October 2003 © Springer-Verlag 2003 Abstract The occurrence of crassulacean acid metabo- the majority of plant species using this water-preserving lism (CAM) in the epiphyte community of a lowland photosynthetic pathway live in trees as epiphytes. In a forest of the Atlantic slope of Panama was investigated. I recent review on the taxonomic occurrence of CAM, hypothesized that CAM is mostly found in orchids, of Winter and Smith (1996) pointed out that Orchidaceae which many species are relatively small and/or rare. Thus, present the greatest uncertainty concerning the number of the relative proportion of species with CAM should not be CAM plants. This family with >800 genera and at least a good indicator for the prevalence of this photosynthetic 20,000 species (Dressier 1981) is estimated to have 7,000, pathway in a community when expressed on an individual mostly epiphytic, CAM species (Winter and Smith 1996), or a biomass basis. In 0.4 ha of forest, 103 species of which alone would account for almost 50% of all CAM vascular epiphytes with 13,099 individuals were found. As plants. A number of studies, mostly using stable isotope judged from the C isotope ratios and the absence of Kranz techniques, documented a steady increase in the propor- anatomy, CAM was detected in 20 species (19.4% of the tion of CAM plants among local epiphyte floras from wet total), which were members of the families Orchidaceae, tropical rainforest and moist tropical forests to dry forests. -
Vee's Crypt House by Ray Clark
Vol 42 Number 1 January, February & March 2018 PUBLISHED BY: Editor- Derek Butcher. Assist Editor – Bev Masters Born 1977 and still offsetting!' COMMITTEE MEMBERS President: Adam Bodzioch 58 Cromer Parade Millswood 5034 Ph: 0447755022 Secretary: Bev Masters 6 Eric Street, Plympton 5038 Ph: 83514876 Vice president: Peter Hall Treasurer: Trudy Hollinshead Committee: Penny Seekamp Julie Batty Dave Batty Sue Sckrabei Jeff Hollinshead Kallam Sharman Pam Nelson Ian Cook Life members: Margaret Butcher, Derek Butcher, : Len Colgan, Adam Bodzioch : Bill Treloar Email address: Meetings Venue: Secretary – [email protected] Maltese Cultural Centre, Web site: http://www.bromeliad.org.au 6 Jeanes Street, Cultivar Register http://botu07.bio.uu.nl/bcg/bcr/index.php Beverley List for species names http://botu07.bio.uu.nl/bcg/taxonList.php http://botu07.bio.uu.nl/brom-l/ altern site http://imperialis.com.br/ FOLLOW US ON FACEBOOK Pots, Labels & Hangers - Small quantities available all meetings. Time: 2.00pm. Second Sunday of st For special orders/ larger quantities call Ron Masters on 83514876 each month. Exceptions –1 Sunday in March, May, June & 3rd Sunday September. - or unless advised otherwise (see dates below). No meeting in December VISITORS & NEW MEMBERS WELCOME. B. Obi-Wan (Photo J. Batty) MEETING & SALES 2018 DATES 08/4/2018 (Safety in the garden-Ray Clark), 06/5/2018- 1st SUNDAY (Workshop- pups, soils etc), 3/6/2018-1st SUNDAY (Guest speaker)- Len Colgan 8/7/2018 (Challenges growing Brom’s), 12/8/2018(Winter brag) 16/9/2018-3rd SUNDAY (Plants from Interstate), 14/10/2018 (to be advised), 27/10/2018 & 28/10/2018 Show & Sales, 11/11/2018 -130PM start, pup exchange, special afternoon tea – bring a plate of finger food to share, plant auction.