EMIGRATION IN EUROPE ANNUAL REPORT 2020 MERCATOR FORUM MIGRATION AND DEMOCRACY EMIGRATION IN EUROPE MIDEM ANNUAL REPORT 2020 ISSN 2748-8454 Editor: Editorial Staff: Prof. Dr. Hans Vorländer, Director Dr. Oliviero Angeli Mercator Forum Migration and Democracy (MIDEM) Johanna Haupt TU Dresden Institute of Political Science Design: Centre for the Study of Constitutionalism and Vollblut GmbH & Co. KG Democracy 01062 Dresden © MIDEM 2021 Germany Phone.: +49 351 463 35811 MIDEM is a research centre at the Technische Universität
[email protected] Dresden (TUD), funded by Stiftung Mercator. www.forum-midem.de Citation: MIDEM 2021: Emigration in Europe. Annual Report 2020, Mercator Forum Migration and Democracy, ed. by Hans Vorländer, Dresden. CONTENTS FOREWORD 7 FINDINGS 8 A EMIGRATION IN EUROPE: SOCIOECONOMIC AND POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES 10 B EMIGRATION, OUT-MIGRATION AND RIGHT-WING POPULISM 1 Emigration and voting for the AFD in Germany: Shrinking regions – frustrated citizens? 18 2 Emigration and the election results of far-right parties in Europe 32 C EMIGRATION IN EUROPEAN COUNTRIES 1 Bulgaria 42 2 Czech Republic 56 3 Greece 72 4 Hungary 86 5 Italy 102 6 Poland 118 7 Portugal 132 8 Romania 148 9 Spain 164 LIST OF FIGURES 180 AUTHORS 186 IMPRINT 187 EMIGRATION FOREWORD Migration has been one of the dominant topics in European politics and pub- lic debate in the past years. However the focus was mostly on immigration. Until now much less attention has been paid to emigration. That has changed: According to a 2019 survey conducted by the European Council of Foreign Re- lations, people in economically weaker regions of Europe now feel less threat- ened by immigration than by emigration.