DOCSLIB.ORG

City Research Online

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
City Research Online Unsal, Ozlem (2013). Inner‐ city regeneration and the politics of resistance in Istanbul: a comparative analysis of Sulukule and Tarlabaşi. (Unpublished Doctoral thesis, City University London) City Research Online Original citation: Unsal, Ozlem (2013). Inner‐ city regeneration and the politics of resistance in Istanbul: a comparative analysis of Sulukule and Tarlabaşi. (Unpublished Doctoral thesis, City University London) Permanent City Research Online URL: http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/13026/ Copyright & reuse City University London has developed City Research Online so that its users may access the research outputs of City University London's staff. Copyright © and Moral Rights for this paper are retained by the individual author(s) and/ or other copyright holders. All material in City Research Online is checked for eligibility for copyright before being made available in the live archive. URLs from City Research Online may be freely distributed and linked to from other web pages. Versions of research The version in City Research Online may differ from the final published version. Users are advised to check the Permanent City Research Online URL above for the status of the paper. Enquiries If you have any enquiries about any aspect of City Research Online, or if you wish to make contact with the author(s) of this paper, please email the team at [email protected]. INNER‐CITY REGENERATION AND THE POLITICS OF RESISTANCE IN ISTANBUL: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SULUKULE AND TARLABAŞI -VOLUME I- Özlem Ünsal Thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of a Doctor of Philosophy City University School of Social Sciences Department of Sociology June 2013 THE FOLLOWING IMAGES HAVE BEEN REDACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR COPYRIGHT AND/OR DATA PROTECTION REASONS: Page 111: Fig. 2 Page 112: Fig. 3 Page 113: Fig. 4 Page 122: Fig. 5 Page 123: Fig. 6 Page 124: Fig. 7 Dedicated to the loving memory of Saime Siret Bahçeli and all gestures and actors of civil opposition that made #occupygezi possible in Istanbul VOLUME I TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents ______________________________________________________________________________ i List of Figures ________________________________________________________________________________ iii Acknowledgements __________________________________________________________________________ v Declaration ___________________________________________________________________________________ vii Abstract _______________________________________________________________________________________ ix List of Abbreviations _________________________________________________________________________ xi 1. Introduction _______________________________________________________________________________ 1 2. Reproaching Neoliberal Urbanization and Rights to the City: How to Tackle Urban Social Movements? ____________________________________________________________ 21 2.1 Urban Land as the Territory of Change: On Spatial Reorganization and Fragmentation ____________________________________________ 23 2.2. Urban Land as the Tool of Change: On New Urban Governance and Inequality ________________________________________________ 26 2.3. Urban Social Movements and Spatial Justice: Reintroducing ‘Rights to the City’ __________________________________________________________ 30 2.4. Translating ‘Right to the City’ into Practice: A Frame of Analysis for Urban Social Movements _________________________________________ 37 2.5. Private Ownership as Impediment to Collective Action? ____________________________ 46 3. The Two Rounds of Urban Globalization and Spatial Fragmentation in Istanbul ___________________________________________________ 53 3.1. Commodification of Urban Land Markets in Istanbul: The First Round of Urban Globalization (1980‐2000) ____________________________________ 54 3.1.1. Engineering The Space of Flows: Legal, Administrative and Institutional Grounds _____________________________________ 58 3.1.1.1. Restructuration of Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality (IMM) ______ 59 3.1.1.2. Manufacturing Tourism and ‘Prestige’ Areas __________________________ 60 3.1.1.3. Reconfiguring Housing Markets: Provision of Housing and Formalization of Informality _______________________ 62 3.1.1.4. Emergence of Middle to Upper Middle Class Housing ________________ 64 3.1.2. Istanbul in the 1990s: Landscape of the First Round of Urban Globalization _______________________________ 67 3.2. The Ultimate Urban Transformation of Istanbul: ‘The Second Round of Urban Globalization (2002 – … ) __________________________________ 72 3.2.1. Actualizing Neoliberal Urbanism: Legal, Administrative and Institutional Grounds ___________________________________ 80 3.2.1.1. Further Empowerment of Local Governance ________________________ 80 3.2.1.2. Complete Eradication of Informality _________________________________ 82 3.2.1.3. Restructuration of the Mass Housing Administration ______________ 84 3.2.1.4. Revitalization of Historic Urban Core _________________________________ 85 3.2.2. Istanbul in the 2000s: Landscape of the Second Round of Urban Globalization ___________________________ 87 i 4. Oppositional Movements and Grassroots Resistance to Urban Transformation in Istanbul _________________________________________________________ 97 4.1 Origins of Urban Oppositional Movements in Istanbul ______________________________ 99 4.1.1. Politicization of Housing Struggle: The Late 1970s _________________________ 100 4.1.2. A Middle‐Class Defence of the ‘Neighbourhood’: The Post‐1980s _________________________________________________________________ 103 4.2. Urban Opposition and Grassroots Resistance Today: The Post‐2000s ____________ 108 4.2.1. Framing Civil Initiatives _______________________________________________________ 109 4.2.1.1. An Overview of Main Arguments _____________________________________ 112 4.2.2. Neighbourhood Associations __________________________________________________ 120 4.2.2.1. An Overview of Main Arguments ______________________________________ 125 4.3. On the ‘Possibilities and Impossibilities of Collective Action’: Assessing the Potentials of Urban Oppositional Movements __________________________ 130 5. ‘Getting In’ and ‘Getting On’: The Uses and Intricacies of Ethnographic Fieldwork in Urban Transformation Zones _____________________ 141 5.1. Understanding the Realm of Urban Transformation in Istanbul____________ 142 5.2. The Neighbourhood as The Heart of Ethnographic Investigation _________________ 145 ii LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Map of Istanbul showing the administrative boundaries of Fatih (where Sulukule is located) and Beyoğlu (where Tarlabaşı is located) ______________________ 8 Figure 2: Poster of Emek Bizim (Emek is Ours) hung on the scaffoldings protecting the constructions, which will turn the historical Emek Cinema into a shopping mall ________________________________________________________________________ 111 Figure 3: Taksim Dayanışması protesting against the pedestrianization project targeting Taksim Square and Gezi Parkı _____________________________________________ 112 Figure 4: Haydarpaşa Dayanışması protesting against the closure of Haydarpaşa train station and its transformation into a potential hotel within the context of a marina project _________________________________________________________________________ 113 Figure 5: Image showing Başıbüyük residents, dressed in what looks like burial robes, protesting against the urban transformation project targeting their neighbourhood in Maltepe town centre _____________________________________________ 122 Figure 6: Image showing Ayazma residents protesting against TOKİ (i.e. MHA) and Küçükçekmece Municipality __________________________________________________________ 123 Figure 7: Residents of Fener‐Balat‐Ayvansaray protesting against regeneration plans envisaged for their neighbourhood. ___________________________________________ 124 iii iv Acknowledgements What made the completion of this thesis possible is the support and companionship of an army of people. My deepest gratitude goes to my supervisors Prof. Frank Webster and Dr. Patria Roman Velazquez for their immense tolerance, support and encouragement throughout the writing process. Many hardships were overcome with their genuine faith in what I aimed to do and I cannot think of a way to thank them enough. Tuna Kuyucu and Tolga İslam deserve special thanks for their company at the time of fieldwork. Without the discussions we had and exchanges we made in the early stages of our research, I would not be able to find the inspiration to further my ideas. Time spent with them on the ground has been invaluable and will always be remembered with appreciation. Another big thank you goes to Ayfer Bartu Candan, Emrah Kavlak and Saitali Köknar for their active presence in the final stages of completion. Whereas Ayfer read big chunks of an earlier draft and provided me with valuable feedbacks, Emrah created the much‐needed maps and Saitali gave me a hand with the formatting. It was due to their generous help that I made it to the end of my long journey. My colleagues at the City University, Department of Sociology were those who magnificently saved me from the isolation of writing a PhD thesis. Eylem, Damien, Sam, Doğuş, Jimmy, Lena, Nico, Akri and Sheed provided me with the joy, comfort and friendship I needed rain, or shine. I feel very lucky to have known each one of them. No words can describe the kind presence of Burcu, Saitali, Elif A., Tuna, Cüneyt, Ayfer, Fatma, Rukiye, Can, Josh,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Slum Upgrading Strategies and Their Effects on Health and Socio-Economic Outcomes
    Ruth Turley Slum upgrading strategies and Ruhi Saith their effects on health and Nandita Bhan Eva Rehfuess socio-economic outcomes Ben Carter A systematic review August 2013 Systematic Urban development and health Review 13 About 3ie The International Initiative for Impact Evaluation (3ie) is an international grant-making NGO promoting evidence-informed development policies and programmes. We are the global leader in funding, producing and synthesising high-quality evidence of what works, for whom, why and at what cost. We believe that better and policy-relevant evidence will make development more effective and improve people’s lives. 3ie systematic reviews 3ie systematic reviews appraise and synthesise the available high-quality evidence on the effectiveness of social and economic development interventions in low- and middle-income countries. These reviews follow scientifically recognised review methods, and are peer- reviewed and quality assured according to internationally accepted standards. 3ie is providing leadership in demonstrating rigorous and innovative review methodologies, such as using theory-based approaches suited to inform policy and programming in the dynamic contexts and challenges of low- and middle-income countries. About this review Slum upgrading strategies and their effects on health and socio-economic outcomes: a systematic review, was submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of SR2.3 issued under Systematic Review Window 2. This review is available on the 3ie website. 3ie is publishing this report as received from the authors; it has been formatted to 3ie style. This review has also been published in the Cochrane Collaboration Library and is available here. 3ie is publishing this final version as received.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding the Nature, Effectiveness and Lessons of Civil
    Towards Adherence to Human Rights and the Right to the City Africa – Latin America - Europe Understanding the Nature, Efficacy & Lessons of Civil Society Strategies for Influencing Policy Habitat International Coalition, 2020 Edition and coordination Álvaro Puertas Habitat International Coalition, General Secretariat (HIC GS) Chapter authors (in alphabetical order) David Hamou Observatori DESC. Drets Econòmics, Socials i Culturals (ODESC) Spain Francis E. Clay Habitat International Coalition, General Secretariat (HIC GS) Africa and Germany Hugo Felzines Association Internationale des Techniciens, Experts et Chercheurs (AITEC) France Magdalena Ferniza Habitat International Coalition Latin America regional office (HIC AL) Argentina, Mexico and Brazil Special acknowledgement to (in alphabetical order) Ana Pastor Asociación Civil Madre Tierra Argentina Enrique Ortiz Habitat International Coalition Latin America regional office (HIC AL) Mexico Evaniza Rodrígues União Nacional por Moradia Popular (UNMP) Brazil Magali Fricaudet Association Internationale des Techniciens, Experts et Chercheurs (AITEC) France Maria Silvia Emanuelli Habitat International Coalition Latin America regional office (HIC AL) Argentina, Mexico and Brazil Translation and proofreading (in alphabetical order) Álvaro Puertas Charlotte Lafitte Irene Fuertes Isabel Pascual Tara Katti Graphic Design and Layout Habitat International Coalition – General Secretariat Reproduction Rights Reproduction of articles in this book is both authorised and encouraged, provided the articles are not modified, that the original edition is cited and that Habitat International Coalition (HIC) is informed. The publication is available online on the HIC website under a Creative Commons license: CC BY NC ND (www.creativecommons.org). Illustrations Except when otherwise mentioned, all images and photographs in this publication belong to HIC and are under a Creative Commons (CC) license.
    [Show full text]
  • DEMOLITION MOVIES: the URBAN POOR on the MARGINS of THEIR STORY Özgür Avcı Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi Medya Ve Kültürel Çalışmalar
    DEMOLITION MOVIES: THE URBAN POOR ON THE MARGINS OF THEIR STORY Özgür Avcı Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi Medya ve Kültürel Çalışmalar Abstract This article analyzes how the popular cinema in Turkey, which showed a heightened interest in the gecekondu (slum or squatter house) problem in the late 1970s, tackled the question of representing the poor residents of these areas. The popular films – particularly the ones about the problem of demolition– denied a positive identity and agency to this group. The films positioned the squatters predominantly on the periphery of the narrative, although the gecekondu problem was at the center of the story. They appeared as a blurry crowd lurking behind or on the edges of the screen, unable to step in and be the leading actors of their own story. I argue that in the context of 1970s Turkey, the stereotypical image of the urban poor as a pragmatic or non-ideological (thus ambivalent, immature and unreliable) group was, at least in part, a constructed identity in which all the cultural elite contributed. This surprising collaboration between otherwise hostile ideological positions in constructing and reinforcing such an identity can be seen as a common reaction to the symbolic challenge that the squatters, as a new social formation falling outside or between traditional social categories, posed to all established frameworks of cultural production. Keywords: Urban poor, cultural representation, identity, gecekondu. Yıkım Filmleri: Kendi Hikâyelerinin Kıyısında Gecekondulular Öz Bu makale, 1970’lerin sonlarına doğru gecekondu problemine giderek artan bir ilgi gösteren popüler sinemanın, buralarda oturan yoksul halkın kültürel temsili meselesi ile nasıl başa çıkmaya çalıştığını inceler.
    [Show full text]
  • Planning, Development and Community: Transformation of the Gecekondu Settlements in Turkey
    Planning, Development and Community: Transformation of the Gecekondu Settlements in Turkey Burcu Şentürk PhD University of York Department of Politics October 2013 Abstract This thesis aims to investigate changes in gecekondu (slum house) communities through exploring the lives of three generations of rural migrants in Turkey. It suggests that the dynamic relation between their strategies and development policies in Turkey has had a large impact on the urban landscape, urban reforms, welfare policies and urban social movements. I followed qualitative research methodology, and was extensively influenced by feminist theory. Participant observation, in-depth interviews and focus group methods were used flexibly to reflect the richness of gecekondu lives. The data includes 83 interviews, one focus group and my observations in Ege neighbourhood in Ankara. First-generation rural migrants largely relied on kin and family networks and established gecekondu communities which provided them with shelter against the insecurities of urban life and their exclusion from the mainstream. The mutual trust within gecekondu communities was a result of their solidarity and collective struggle to obtain title deeds and infrastructure services. The liberalization of the Turkish economy immediately after the coup d’état in 1980 brought in Gecekondu Amnesties which legalized the gecekondus built before 1985 and fragmented labour market, resulting in a fragmentation among them in terms of gecekondu ownership, types of jobs and the scope of their resources. Since their interests were no longer the same in the face of development policies, their solidarity decreased and collective strategies were replaced by individual tactics. The dissolving of the sense of community was most visible in the area of urban transformation projects, which were based on legal ownership of houses and social assistance, and created new tensions in the 2000s.
    [Show full text]
  • Cinematic Representation of Gecekondu As an Urban Memory
    CINEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF GECEKONDU AS AN URBAN MEMORY A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF NATURAL AND APPLIED SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY VİLDAN SEÇKİNER INPARTIAL FULLFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN CITY AND REGIONAL PLANNING IN URBAN DESIGN DECEMBER 2009 CINEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF GECEKONDU AS AN URBAN MEMORY submitted by VİLDAN SEÇKİNER in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in City and Regional Planning Department, Middle East Technical University by, Prof. Dr. Canan Özgen _____________________ Dean, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Prof. Dr. Melih Ersoy _____________________ Head of Department, City and Regional Planning Assoc. Dr. Güven Arif Sargın _____________________ Supervisor, Architecture Dept., METU Examining Committee Members: Assoc. Dr. Serap Kayasü _____________________ City and Regional Planning Dept., METU Assoc. Dr. Güven Arif Sargın _____________________ Architecture Dept., METU Assoc. Prof. Dr. Adnan Barlas _____________________ City and Regional Planning Dept., METU Assoc. Dr. Baykan Günay _____________________ City and Regional Planning Dept., METU Assoc. Prof. Dr. Abdi Güzer _____________________ Architecture Dept., METU Date: 03.12.2009 ii I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name: Vildan Seçkiner Signature : iii ABSTRACT CINEMATIC REPRESENTATION OF GECEKONDU AS AN URBAN MEMORY Seçkiner, Vildan M.S., Department of City and Regional Planning, Urban Design Supervisor: Assoc.
    [Show full text]
  • Learning from Slum Upgrading and Participation
    KTH Architecture and the Built Environment Learning from Slum Upgrading and Participation A case study of participatory slum upgrading in the emergence of new governance in the city of Medellín–Colombia CAMILO ANDRES CALDERON ARCILA Stockholm 2008 ___________________________________________________________ KTH, Department of Urban Planning and Environment Division of Environmental Strategies Research - fms Kungliga Tekniska Högskolan Degree Project SoM EX 2008-18 www.infra.kth.se/fms Zenobia, has houses made of bamboo and zinc, with many platforms and balconies places on stilts at various heights, crossing one another, linked by ladders and hanging sidewalks, surmounted by cone-roofed belvederes, barrels storing water, weather vanes, jutting pulleys, and fish poles, and cranes. No one remembers what need or command or desire drove Zenobia's founders to give their city this form, and so there is no telling whether it was satisfied by the city as we see it today, which has perhaps grown through successive superimpositions from the first, now undecipherable plan. But what is certain is that if you ask an inhabitant of Zenobia to describe his vision of a happy life, it is always a city like Zenobia that he imagines, with its pilings and its suspended stairways, a Zenobia perhaps quite different, a-flutter with banners and ribbons, but always derived by combining elements of that first model. However, it is pointless trying to decide whether Zenobia is to be classified among happy cities or among the unhappy. It makes no sense to divide cities into these two species, but rather into another two: those that through the years and the changes continue to give their form to desires, and those in which desires either erase the city or are erased by it." Italo Calvino, Le Cita Invisibli, 1972 Photo: Paulynn Cue Page | 2 Abstract This document compiles a highly discussed issue present in many cities of the developing world today; it brings forward the importance of facing the challenges that slums create to today’s cities and the mechanisms used for tackling such challenge.
    [Show full text]
  • A Field Research on Gecekondu, Memory and Nostalgia
    ŞENTEPE IN MEMORIES: A FIELD RESEARCH ON GECEKONDU, MEMORY AND NOSTALGIA A THESIS SUBMITTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL SCIENCES OF MIDDLE EAST TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY BY GÖZDE ARIK IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN THE DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY NOVEMBER 2019 Approval of the Graduate School of Social Sciences Prof. Dr. Yaşar Kondakçı Director I certify that this thesis satisfies all the requirements as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Prof. Dr. Ayşe Saktanber Head of Department This is to certify that we have read this thesis and that in our opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. Assist. Prof. Dr. Besim Can Zırh Supervisor Examining Committee Members Assist. Prof. Dr. Göze Orhon (Hacettepe Uni., İLE) Assist. Prof. Dr. Besim Can Zırh (METU, SOC) Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mustafa Şen (METU, SOC) I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work. Name, Last name : Gözde Arık Signature : iii ABSTRACT ŞENTEPE IN MEMORIES: A FIELD RESEARCH ON GECEKONDU, MEMORY AND NOSTALGIA Arık, Gözde MS., The Department of Social Anthropology Supervisor: Assist. Prof. Dr. Besim Can Zırh November 2019, 185 pages Gecekondu is one of the most frequently researched and much-debated phenomenona by the academia in Turkey.
    [Show full text]
  • How People Face Evictions
    Edited by Yves Cabannes, Silvia Guimarães Yafai and Cassidy Johnson HOW PEOPLE FACE EVICTIONS ● Mirshāq and sarandū ● durban ● Karachi ● istanbul ● hangzhou ● santo doMingo ● Porto alegre ● buenos aires ● development planning b s h f unit Institutional partnership DEVELOPMENT PLANNING UNIT, UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDON (DPU/UCL) 34 Tavistock Square, London, WC1H 9EZ, United Kingdom www.ucl.ac.uk/dpu BUILDING AND SOCIAL HOUSING FOUNDATION (BSHF) Memorial Square, Coalville, Leicestershire, LE67 3TU, United Kingdom www.bshf.org Research coordination and editing team Research Coordinator: Prof. Yves Cabannes, Chair of Development Planning, DPU/UCL [email protected] Silvia Guimarães Yafai, Head of International Programmes, BSHF [email protected] Cassidy Johnson, Lecturer, MSc Building and Urban Design in Development, DPU/UCL [email protected] Local research teams The names of the individual authors and members of the local research teams are indicated on the front of each of the cases included in the report. Translation English to Spanish: Isabel Aguirre Millet Spanish and Portuguese to English: Richard Huber Arabic to English: Rabie Wahba and Mandy Fahmi Graphics and layout Janset Shawash, PhD candidate, Development Planning Unit, DPU/UCL [email protected] Extracts from the text of this publication may be reproduced without further permission provided that the source is fully acknowledged. Published May 2010 © Development Planning Unit/ University College London 2010 ISBN: 978-1-901742-14-5 Cover image © Abahlali baseMjondolo CONTENTS 1 Acknowledgements 3 Introduction 7 Putting the cases in perspective Yves Cabannes Cases from Africa and the Middle East 18 Mirshāq, Dakhaliyah governorate and Sarandū, Buheira governorate, Egypt 21 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Centro De Investigación Y Docencia Económicas, A.C. Residir Y Resistir: Fundamentos Normativos Para La Legitimación De Asenta
    CENTRO DE INVESTIGACIÓN Y DOCENCIA ECONÓMICAS, A.C. RESIDIR Y RESISTIR: FUNDAMENTOS NORMATIVOS PARA LA LEGITIMACIÓN DE ASENTAMIENTOS HUMANOS IRREGULARES EN SOCIEDADES DESIGUALES TESINA QUE PARA OBTENER EL TÍTULO DE LICENCIADA EN CIENCIA POLÍTICA Y RELACIONES INTERNACIONALES PRESENTA SALMA SEMIRAMIS SAENZ LAZCANO DIRECTOR DE LA TESINA: DR. PABLO KALMANOVITZ GONZÁLEZ CIUDAD DE MÉXICO DICIEMBRE, 2018 Resumen Los asentamientos humanos irregulares son una constante en sociedades urbanas desiguales. La literatura sobre el tema ha descrito con precisión cuáles son las consecuencias negativas de los asentamientos humanos irregulares en las sociedades. Estas, van desde que los asentamientos minan la obediencia a la ley y el respeto de los derechos de propiedad; que fomentan el crecimiento desordenado de las ciudades; que causan una severa degradación ecológica; entre otras. No obstante, la mayoría de los textos sobre asentamientos precarios han pasado por alto el contexto de desigualdad estructural y los factores que orillaron a las personas a establecerse en esas zonas. En algunos escenarios, los asentamientos precarios son la única manera en que las personas pueden ofrecer a sus familias un techo: un logro en la lucha diaria por salir de la pobreza. Esta tesina sostiene que en sociedades altamente desiguales los asentamientos humanos irregulares son legítimos. Lo que aquí propongo es entender el proceso de autoconstrucción de la vivienda en zonas irregulares como una forma de resistencia legítima a un orden legal y socioeconómico injusto. Argumento, a partir de los postulados de Iris M. Young, que los asentamientos informales son una forma de acción política emancipadora: una lucha por la inclusión y el reconocimiento en un contexto de exclusión estructural.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Istanbul
    Frank Eckardt, Kathrin Wildner (eds.) Public Istanbul Frank Eckardt, Kathrin Wildner (eds.) Public Istanbul Spaces and Spheres of the Urban Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbib- liothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deut- sche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de © 2008 transcript Verlag, Bielefeld This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License. Cover layout: Kordula Röckenhaus, Bielefeld Cover illustration: Kathrin Wildner, Istanbul, 2005 Proofred by: Esther Blodau-Konick, Kathryn Davis, Kerstin Kempf Typeset by: Gonzalo Oroz Printed by: Majuskel Medienproduktion GmbH, Wetzlar ISBN 978-3-89942-865-0 CONTENT Preface 7 PART 1 CONTESTED SPACES Introduction: Public Space as a Critical Concept. Adequate for Understanding Istanbul Today? 13 FRANK ECKARDT Mapping Social Istanbul. Extracts of the Istanbul Metropolitan Area Atlas 21 MURAT GÜVENÇ Contested Public Spaces vs. Conquered Public Spaces. Gentrification and its Reflections on Urban Public Space in Istanbul 29 EDA ÜNLÜ YÜCESOY Globalization, Locality and the Struggle over a Living Space. The Case of Karanfilköy 49 SEVIL ALKAN Fortress Istanbul. Gated Communities and the Socio-Urban Transformation 83 ORHAN ESEN/TIM RIENIETS Peripheral Public Space. Types in Progress 113 ELA ALANYALI ARAL Old City Walls as Public Spaces in Istanbul 141 FUNDA BA BÜTÜNER Regenerating »Public Istanbul«. Two Projects on the Golden Horn 163 SENEM ZEYBEKOLU Public Transformation of the Bosporus. Facts and Opportunities 187 EBRU ERDÖNMEZ/SELIM ÖKEM PART 2 EXPERIENCING ISTANBUL Introduction: Spaces of Everyday Life 209 KATHRIN WILDNER Istanbul's Worldliness 215 ASU AKSOY Public People.
    [Show full text]
  • TRANSFORMATION of PERCEPTION of the GECEKONDU PHENOMENON Mehmet Rıfat AKBULUT, Seher BAŞLIK
    TRANSFORMATIONMETU JFA 2011/2 OF PERCEPTION OF THE GECEKONDU DOI:METU 10.4305/METU.JFA.2011.2.1 JFA 2011/2 1 (28:2) 1-44 TRANSFORMATION OF PERCEPTION OF THE GECEKONDU PHENOMENON Mehmet Rıfat AKBULUT, Seher BAŞLIK Received: 19.07.2005; Final Text: 26.06.2010 The aim of this paper is not to redefine the gecekondu phenomenon, nor Keywords: gecekondu; urban history; to describe its historical development, but to discuss and explore the urbanization; urban transformation; Turkey. transformations it is socially perceived with through time. Academic approaches are generally reviewed in a more pronounced manner. Within the frame of this paper gecekondu phenomenon is conceived according to different time periods well-known in gecekondu studies; i.e. from the 1940s to 1970 as the ‘period of innocence and marginalisation’, the 1970s as period of ‘politization’ and ‘first benefits of speculation’, and from 1980 onwards as the period of the “varoş”, of full speculation and complete illegalisation. It is considered a priori that, its perception changed in line with the above mentioned periods through which the phenomenon itself has materially and considerably changed. INTRODUCTION As the title emphasises, the aim of this paper is not to define the gecekondu phenomenon nor to describe its development through history, but to discuss and explore the way it is perceived and explained by public opinion according to transformations it underwent over time. Gecekondu studies always remained as a focus of interest as well as one of favourite and fruitful subjects in Turkish social and urban sciences literature. Numerous papers, researches, articles and books have been produced and published in this field.
    [Show full text]
  • Claiming the Right to the City: Towards the Production of Space from Below
    City University of New York (CUNY) CUNY Academic Works All Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects 10-2014 Claiming the Right to the City: Towards the Production of Space from Below Mehmet Baris Kuymulu Graduate Center, City University of New York How does access to this work benefit ou?y Let us know! More information about this work at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu/gc_etds/439 Discover additional works at: https://academicworks.cuny.edu This work is made publicly available by the City University of New York (CUNY). Contact: [email protected] CLAIMING THE RIGHT TO THE CITY: TOWARDS THE PRODUCTION OF SPACE FROM BELOW By Mehmet Barış Kuymulu A dissertation submitted to the Graduate Faculty in Anthropology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, The City University of New York 2014 2014 Mehmet Barış Kuymulu All rights reserved ii This manuscript has been read and accepted for the Graduate Faculty in Anthropology in satisfaction of the Dissertation requirement for the degree Doctor of Philosophy David Harvey Date Chair of Examining Committee Gerald Creed Date Executive Officer Michael Blim Don Robotham Don Mitchell External Reader THE CITY UNIVERSITY OF NEW YORK iii Abstract CLAIMING THE RIGHT TO THE CITY: TOWARDS THE PRODUCTION OF SPACE FROM BELOW by Mehmet Barış Kuymulu Advisors: Professor David Harvey and Professor Neil Smith This dissertation examines the theoretical and political contradictions surrounding the notion of the right to the city. The right to the city concept has lately attracted a great deal of attention, both from academics who have long engaged with urban theory and politics, and from grassroots activists around the globe who have been fighting on the ground for an alternative just urbanism.
    [Show full text]