Downtown Houston
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CITE 22 w Ihuli lit Main Street, 1996. ^ DOWNTOWN H O U S T O N : HOUSTON IS EMBARKING ON THE LARGEST PUBLIC WORKS PROJECT IN THE CITY'S HISTORY, ALL OF IT CONCENTRATED DOWNTOWN. THE VISIBLE RESULTS OF THE METRO DOWNTOWN AND MIDTOWN TRANSIT STREETS PROJECT SHOULD BE DRAMATIC, BUT THE URBAN DESIGN PHILOSOPHY, MECHANISM, AND DELIVERY SYSTEM ARE AS BOLD, UNIQUE — AND RISKY — AS THE DREDGING OF THE SHIP CHANNEL EIGHT DECADES AGO. J K h F R E Y C H S N E R Main Street, looking north from Dallas Avenue, ca. 1930. CITE limy in w i n I e 23 TtlOt A»fnup, laying slmTtar lioikl, 10. 1925. numrHwsIwi Mempattan Imorili (Ma. Honshu Punk fan; downtown environment m i g ht l i m i t machmes, kiosks, trash receptacles, side- J future ridership g r o w t h . The combina- walk patterns and colors, and public art tion of queuing transit passengers, pedes- will vary by district. Traditional furnish- trians, strcetseape amenities, and furni- ings, such as acorn light standards, w i l l ture n a r r o w s sidewalk space, and the rel be installed along M a m Street and ative neglect of infrastructure mainte- around M a r k e r and Courthous e squares. nance has allowed some sidewalks and Contemporary furnishings w i l l be streets to deteriorate to a c o n d i t i o n installed elsewhere. requiring m a j o r repair or reconstruction. Sequence p l a n n i n g w i l l be coordinate d As a result, M e t r o has taken the initiative with property owners and managers to for major improvements that w i l l encour- minimize disruption d u r i n g what w i l l be, age continued g r o w t h and clarity its sys- at least, a tour-year construction p e r i o d , tem of stops and routes. during w h i c h time the City of I louston Transit street improvements for will upgrade antiquated public utilities, downtown I l o u s t o n were first proposed replacing water mams and storm and san- in the IVKOs w i t h a D o w n t o w n itary sewers. Similarly, the Texas D< velopmem Plan liu.ilK to he published Department ot Transportation and the in late I99f> or early 1947. Once r o u t i n g city w i l l undertake a concurrent series of is reconfigured. M a i n Street w i l l no bridge and freeway reconstruction p r o - longer serve as a linear transfer center, jects a r o u n d the perimerer of d o w n t o w n and bus service w i l l he integrated on all during the transit streets construction , downtown streets. H D M D pushed for and project phasing w i l l also be c o o r d i - preservation ol curb parking and loading nated w i t h this w o r k . /ones wherever possible, especially in his- During each ol the 12- to 15-month REMAKING w focus on the design ot rhe public sec- imposes an annual assessment of f> cents toric areas, where buildings lack loading phases, a single construction management tor — the space between buildings per S I 0 0 land value on all 705 acres of docks and garages. company w i l l provide inspection and A— is new for this city. T h e great tor- downtown property included in the dis- \s II is now planned, rhe scope ol contractor coordinatio n on the entire tune of a b o o m i n g oil and gas economy trict. T h e H D M D p r o g r a m has t w o Metro's D o w n t o w n and M i d t o w n Transit project. H D M D is f u n d i n g improvements created an encouraging atmosphere for major components: first, a d o w n t o w n Streets I'mjcci is immense. Streets border- that are not being provided by M e t r o — flamboyant high-rise developers and their operations and maintenance effort that ing more than 4 5 0 city blocks w i l l be landscaping on nontransit block frontage, creative architects; rights-of-way between addresses the day-to-day quality of the affected; approximatel y ^4 linear miles of street f u r n i t u r e at locations other than the property lines was the sole province ot downtown environment at the small street w i l l be altered in some fashion. The transit stops and shelters, and w a y f i n d i n g traffic engineers, water and sewer mainte- scale; and second, a broad planning el I n n character ot north-south "linear streets" graphics. M e t r o anil H D M D have also nance people, a n d the utility companies. that tries to offer a long-range perspective will be consistent along their length. T h e had to resolve long-term maintenance The end ot the oil b o o m in the m i d - o n the future of d o w n t o w n H o u s t o n . east-west "district streets" w i l l have v a n - and operations cost-sharing. In general, 1980s changed all that, of course. T h e "The H D M D initiative has been joined able elements as they pass t h r o u g h differ- Metro w i l l maintain those items associat- city experienced a g r o w i n g recognition by the Metropolita n Transit A u t h o r i t y ot ent districts. In M i d t o w n , planned ed w i t h transit operations. H D M D w i l l that the d o w n t o w n environmen t c o u l d Harris County's D o w n t o w n and M i d - improvements are more limited . handle day-to-day d o w n t o w n operations not be complete or g r o w economically town Transit Streets Project, a large-scale In terms of overall area, the M e t r o and maintenance: e m p t y i n g trash recepta- without more sensitivity to public spaces. redesigning of public rather than private initiative is rhe largest public w o r k s pro- cles, watering trees, and maintainin g Out ut this awareness grew a private space. It is the M e t r o project that c o u l d ject of its kind in I louston \ history. seasonal plantings. M e t r o w i l l replace organization focused on planning, at have the greatest impact on the character Under Metro' s supervision, I ' C A L w i l l damaged items in the transit shelter about the same rime that rhe transit of d o w n t o w n I l o u s t o n . Refocusing on serve as coordinatin g architects and w i l l lie.is, and I I D M D w i l l handle replace- authority, spurred by public o p i n i o n , downtown's public spaces is one key to develop pro|cct-widc guidelines tor the ments elsewhere. began to redirect its spending priorities fostering mixed-use development by the final design w o r k , w h i c h w i l l be contract- from fixed-rail mass transit to street private sector, w h i c h w o u l d help trans- ed to IS engineering firms. In a d d i t i o n , The Ttonsil Slreels Project as Urban Design improvements for its regional bus system. form the area f r o m a nine-to-five c o m - five architectural and landscape firms or In 1990 the I louston D o w n t o w n mercial c e w e r i n t o a round-the-clock teams w i l l be chosen for streetscape Houston's D o w n t o w n and M i d t o w n Management Corporatio n was created to residential, commercial , .md insti- design services. Transit Streets Project is an o u t g r o w t h tax d o w n t o w n property o w n e r s in order tutional environment. Metro's goal is not to create absolute o l the American pragmatic t r a d i t i on in i n fund shared public improvements, giv- With unproved regional and local consistency t h r o u g h o u t d o w n t o w n but to urban design. As noted by George Baird, ing gi eatei aitt ntion to tin w hole em in >n bus service, transit ridership to d o w n - respect the character of each properly Americans have typically approached rhe ment — public ami private.