WHITEHORSE URBAN BIODIVERSITY STRATEGY

For Council managed open space, streetscapes and community facilities Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Contents

Acknowledgements 4 9.1.11 Ground Level Habitat/Coarse Woody 24 Executive Summary 5 Material Fuel Reduction Guidelines Glossary Of Terms 6 9.1.12 Expand the Existing Infill Tree Planting 24 Program to Improve Canopy Cover 1 Introduction 6 9.1.13 Biodiversity Research Liaison 24 Committee 2 What Is Biodiversity 8

2.1 Defining “Whitehorse Biodiversity” 8 9.2 New Biodiversity Actions: One-Off 25 2.2 What are Public Whitehorse 8 Commitments Biodiversity Assets? 9.2.1 Development of An Inventory of 25 2.3 Water and Biodiversity 8 Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets 3 Statutory Context 13 10 9.2.2 List of “Biodiversity Hotspots” 25 3.1 Whitehorse City Council Policies 10 9.2.3 Development of A Biodiversity 26 and Strategies Corridors Plan 9.2.4 Identify Potential “No Mow” Areas 26 4 The Whitehorse Landscape and Biodiversity 10 9.2.5 Vegetation Management Plans For 26 4.1 Aboriginal History of Whitehorse 10 Large Tracts Of Land With 4.2 Natural Landscape of Whitehorse 10 Alternative Uses 4.3 The Remaining Natural Landscape 12 9.2.6 Biodiversity Engagement – Logos 26 of Whitehorse and Signage 4.4 The Suburban Whitehorse 14 9.2.7 Development Of Monitoring 27 Landscape Program 4.5 What Biodiversity is Missing 14 9.2.8 Community Reporting and Data 27 From Whitehorse Gathering 4.6 What Whitehorse Biodiversity Remains 15 9.2.9 Environmental Weeds List 28 4.7 The Future of Whitehorse Biodiversity 15 9.2.10 Flora and Fauna Photos 28

5 What is Council Managed Open Space 16 9.3 On-Going Biodiversity Actions 28 6 Whitehorse Biodiversity Principles 17 9.3.1 Threatened Flora Species 28 and Objectives Management 9.3.2 Threatened Fauna Species 28 7 Current Whitehorse Biodiversity Management 18 Management 9.3.3 Hollows Management 30 8 Protecting Whitehorse’s Biodiversity Assets 19 8.1 Opportunities 19 9.4 Biodiversity and Water Management 30 8.2 Threats 19 Actions 9.4.1 Water Sensitive Urban Design 31 9 Biodiversity Actions 20 9.4.2 Litter Traps 32 9.1 Current Management Actions 20

That Can Be Enhanced 9.5 Examples of Biodiversity Education 32 9.1.1 Development of A Canopy 20 Strategies Management Policy

9.1.2 Identify Potential Extension Areas 21 9.6 Time Frames Biodiversity Research Liaison 33 of Bushland Regeneration Committee 9.1.3 Threatened Flora Species List 21 9.1.4 Identify Experimental Management 21 10 Monitoring, Evaluation and Reporting 34 Practices References 9.1.5 Work With Other Authorities to 21 Improve Whitehorse Biodiversity 9.1.6 Woody Weeds 23 9.1.7 Volunteer Management Framework 23 9.1.8 Council Operational Processes 23 and Policies 9.1.9t Parks Design 23 9.1.1t Biodiversity Site Inductions 23 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Appendices

Appendix 1 Biodiversity Related Policy and 36 Legislation Appendix 2 Whitehorse Policies and 37 Strategies Appendix 3 Whitehorse’s Biodiversity 39 Categories Appendix 4 Whitehorse EVC Descriptions 40 Appendix 5 Whitehorse Indigenous Flora List 44 Appendix 6 Whitehorse Threatened Flora List 51 Appendix 7 Whitehorse Indigenous Fauna List 51 Appendix 8 Whitehorse Threatened Fauna List 55 Appendix 9 Monitoring Template 55 Appendix 10 Whitehorse Bushland Reserves 56 Appendix 11 Community Open Space 57

Table 1 EVCs Originally Found Within the 12 Bounds of The City Of Whitehorse Table 2 Categories of Council Managed 16 Open Space Table 3 Summary of Proposed Biodiversity 20 Actions Table 4 Biodiversity Actions Including 33 Timeframes Table 5 Summary of Whitehorse’s Existing 56 Bushland Areas

Figure 1 Whitehorse Municipal Area 1 7 Figure 2 Pre-1750 EVCs in the City 11 of Whitehorse Figure 3 Remnant Vegetation Within 12 Whitehorse By EVC 4 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Acknowledgements Whitehorse City Council would like to thank the following organisations for their input during the consultation process:

Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy Blackburn Creeklands Steering Committee Advisory Committee Council Departments Blackburn Lake Sanctuary ParksWide Advisory Committee Capital Works Box Hill Community Gardens Inc. City Works Campbells Croft Abbey Walk Community Laws Advisory Committee Engineering and Cootamundra Walk Environmental Services Advisory Committee Arts and Recreation Greenlink Box Hill Inc. Planning and Building Halliday Park Advisory Committee Contractors Nunawading Community Envirotechniques Pty Ltd Gardens Inc. Practical Ecology Pty Ltd Ronald E Gray Reserve Advisory Committee Community Groups/ Wandinong Sanctuary Advisory Committees Advisory Committee Antonio Park Whitehorse Community Advisory Committee Indigenous Plant Project Inc. Blackburn and District Tree Yarran Dheran Preservation Society Advisory Committee Bellbird Dell Advisory Committee Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 5

Love Creeper – Comesperma volubile

Executive Summary Whitehorse is a modified urban landscape; therefore the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed The Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities has Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities defined the specific biodiversity assets that are the focus of the has been prepared to address biodiversity conservation and strategy. The strategy considers the indigenous flora and fauna management actions undertaken by Council. Whitehorse species and vegetation communities that define Whitehorse biodiversity has been defined to include all existing indigenous biodiversity and how these are supported. flora (plants), fauna (animals including insects and other The definition of Whitehorse biodiversity is primarily invertebrates), fungi, mycorrhizal relationships etc. that are focused on indigenous flora and fauna species and vegetation indigenous to the municipality, as well as the modified urban communities but it also acknowledges that in a suburban habitats and landscapes that these species rely upon. modified landscape urban habitat is critical in maintaining indigenous fauna species. The focus of conserving and Whitehorse is approximately 64 square managing Whitehorse biodiversity is directed towards kilometres in area, and almost 10 percent of that undertaking a series of practical biodiversity actions that will area is managed by Council as community open enhance existing biodiversity management actions. space; including parks and gardens, streetscapes Other actions are considered to be one-off actions and some will have an ongoing commitment and will contribute to and community facilities. It has been determined biodiversity knowledge and planning across the municipality. that undertaking strategic vegetation management Water management has been identified as of prime works that conserve and enhance biodiversity importance to biodiversity management. Riparian corridors assets and urban habitat across community open provide opportunities for linkages across the municipality space will provide the greatest single benefit and into adjoining municipalities. Water is vital to maintaining to biodiversity within Whitehorse. biodiversity, as all species rely upon access to water. One of the proposed biodiversity actions will be to develop appropriate monitoring programs. One aspect of monitoring will be the implementation of the strategy itself. A focus will also be on the individual biodiversity actions that are proposed and how effective they are in assisting with conserving and managing Whitehorse’s biodiversity assets and habitat elements. 6 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Glossary of Terms Life Span of This Document A variety of terms are used throughout this Whitehorse Urban As the initial Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Biodiversity Strategy that relate to ecological concepts. These Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community terms are defined below. Biodiversity is defined in Section 2.1 Facilities it is recognised that despite all inter-departmental and ›› Indigenous – refers to plant and animal species that are community input, some aspects of public biodiversity may have characteristic of the outer eastern area of Melbourne, been omitted. which includes the Whitehorse municipality. To account for any omissions or need for alterations in ›› Endemic – refers to plant and animal species that the direction of this strategy, there will be an annual short are exclusive to, or are confined to, the Whitehorse assessment of this document (Stepping Stones to Improving municipality. The emphasis of the Whitehorse Urban Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity) that will be added as an Biodiversity Strategy is on indigenous rather than endemic appendix to the original Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity flora and fauna species. Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities. ›› Exotic – of foreign origin, not native, introduced from The entire Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for abroad and are not naturalised. Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community ›› Native – refers to plant and animal species that are Facilities will be reviewed on a 10 yearly cycle. The lifespan characteristic of Australia generally. of this Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council ›› Naturalised – introduced native or exotic plant or animal Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities species that have become acclimatised and can naturally is from 2014 to 2024. reproduce and spread. ›› Remnant – remaining fragments of the original (indigenous or endemic) vegetation that once characterised the Whitehorse landscape. 1. ›› Ecological Vegetation Class (EVC) – indigenous vegetation Introduction communities. EVCs are a vegetation classification system, which define plant communities into common types that occur in similar environmental conditions throughout The Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy Victoria. Each vegetation type is identified on the basis of its for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes floristic composition (the plant species present), vegetation and Community Facilities (to be referred to as the structure (i.e. woodland, grassland, saltmarsh), landform Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy) has been (i.e. gully, foothill, plain) and environmental characteristics prepared to address the conservation (i.e. soil type, climate). and management of biodiversity within the ›› Urban tolerant – plant or animal species that are able to Whitehorse municipality. adapt to, and thrive within, the urban landscape. ›› Urban sensitive – plant or animal species that have not been successful in adapting to or thriving within the urban ›› The publically-owned community assets that are managed landscape. There may be fragments of urban-sensitive by Council, this includes community open space such as species in pockets of urban landscapes, but they are formal parks and gardens, sportsfields, bushland reserves, incredibly sensitive to altering conditions (and are vulnerable streetscapes, as well as the grounds of community facilities to local extinction) as they do not have the ability to thrive such as libraries and childcare centres; in the dominant surrounding urban landscape. ›› The assets that are located on Crown land within the ›› Daylighting – returning former smaller creeklines and Whitehorse municipality that are managed by government waterways which have been barrel drained and run authorities such as Parks Victoria, Melbourne Water or the underground to the ‘daylight’. Opening up former smaller Department of Transport; waterways so that they are exposed and available as habitat ›› The assets that are located in private land, and liner corridors. such as in residents’ gardens. ›› Public land – land managed and/or owned by the Council. Considering the breadth of these domains and the ›› Biodiversity assets – are considered to be existing complexities involved in managing biodiversity across all these indigenous biodiversity (in terms of flora species, vegetation domains, Council has determined that the most practical and communities/Ecological Vegetation Classes and fauna strategic initial approach towards conserving and managing species). Indigenous biodiversity assets are the primary Whitehorse’s biodiversity is to focus upon the existing focus of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy. biodiversity that occurs in Community Open Space. Council ›› Urban habitat – is considered to be the habitat elements currently manages many facets of community biodiversity (mostly planted native and/or exotic trees) that provide assets; however, the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy habitat and therefore support the continued existence of will allow the community’s public biodiversity assets to be indigenous fauna species. Urban habitat is a secondary identified, assessed and addressed with suitably prioritised focus of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy. and targeted actions. Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 7

A large range of public biodiversity activities are currently The focus of Whitehorse biodiversity management will managed by Council. Further enhancement through the primarily be based upon vegetation management as there are strategy will be achieved by defining the biodiversity assets limited management options available for fauna management and urban habitat that constitute Whitehorse’s public in an urban context. The underlying principle is that vegetation biodiversity; and then cataloguing and mapping these assets management actions will not only improve vegetation, it will and habitat. Once the extent of Whitehorse biodiversity has also assist in habitat management and provision for fauna been determined, appropriate management regimes for the species. This strategy was prepared by the Whitehorse Urban variety of Whitehorse biodiversity assets and urban habitat can Biodiversity Strategy Steering Committee in conjunction with be developed and implemented. Existing management regimes the consultancy Practical Ecology Pty Ltd. It also involved for known Whitehorse biodiversity assets will continue or be consultation with ParksWide field staff, staff from other improved upon, as required. One of the objectives for defining, Council departments, community volunteers from Parkland cataloguing and developing appropriate management regimes Advisory Committees and other interest groups. for the public Whitehorse biodiversity assets is to utilise For ease of reading this Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity the knowledge and methods gained from this process to Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes potentially work towards strategically extending biodiversity and Community Facilities is also variously referred to within protection to encompass all of the biodiversity assets and this document as the Strategy and the Whitehorse Urban urban habitat within the Whitehorse municipality. Biodiversity Strategy. Figure 1 below depicts the Whitehorse municipal area, and the surrounding municipalities.

Figure 1: Whitehorse Municipal Area 8 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

including insects and other invertebrates), fungi, mychorrizal 2. relationships etc that are indigenous to the municipality, as well as the modified urban habitats and landscapes that these What is Biodiversity? species rely upon. This definition encompasses the dominant modified, urban landscape that constitutes the municipality of Whitehorse: it Generally the term biodiversity applies to plants includes the concept of ‘urban habitat’, which comprises both and animals but it also applies to genetic diversity indigenous and exotic (remnant, planted and naturalised) flora and ecosystem diversity. The term biodiversity species. In summary, the prime Whitehorse biodiversity assets applies across the world. consist of: ›› Flora species which are indigenous to the Whitehorse municipality, A key issue when preparing a biodiversity strategy is defining which species/assets are the focus of the strategy. ›› Fauna species which are indigenous to the Whitehorse A biodiversity strategy also needs to consider the dominant municipality landscape for which it is being prepared. Biodiversity is a ›› The remaining natural landscapes, such as the bushland combination of two words; biology and diversity. reserves and riparian environments. There are numerous definitions of biodiversity, one of which The secondary Whitehorse biodiversity assets that contribute is provided below. to the maintenance of indigenous flora and fauna species in Definition from Australia’s Biodiversity Conservation the modified Whitehorse landscape consist of: Strategy; 2010–2030 (Commonwealth of Australia, 2010): ›› The urban habitat that supports indigenous fauna Biodiversity is the variety of all life. Biodiversity occurs in all species environments on Earth on land, in rivers and lakes, and in the ›› The general Whitehorse landscape that is characterised by seas and oceans. There are three levels of biodiversity: treed suburban areas, that are dominated by both remnant ›› Genetic diversity – the variety of genetic information indigenous trees (mostly eucalypts) and planted indigenous, contained in individual plants, animals and micro-organisms native and exotic tree species. ›› Species diversity – the variety of species The definition of Whitehorse biodiversity incorporates the ›› Ecosystem diversity – the variety of habitats, ecological key elements that constitute Whitehorse’s biodiversity. That communities and ecological processes. is, those biodiversity assets that distinguish the Whitehorse It is considered that one of the obstacles to understanding landscape from the neighbouring municipalities and other and then identifying, conserving and managing biodiversity is municipalities across greater Melbourne. that it is not defined for specific areas. One of the underlying elements behind the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy is the provision of a definition of ‘Whitehorse biodiversity’ that 2.2 considers the existing Whitehorse landscape. What are Public Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets? 2.1 Public biodiversity assets refers to the indigenous flora, fauna Defining ‘Whitehorse Biodiversity’ and vegetation and the planted native and/or exotic habitat for indigenous fauna that exists in Whitehorse’s network of Generally the natural focus for a biodiversity strategy is on community open space. These open spaces include the formal indigenous plant and animal species; however, in an urban parks and gardens, sports fields and bushland reserves; the context that has been subject to intense vegetation removal streetscapes and the grounds of community facilities such as planting and modification it is impossible to focus only on the childcare centres and neighbourhood houses. local indigenous biodiversity values. In an urban landscape, does the term apply only to indigenous species or does it apply to both indigenous and exotic species? While it may be 2.3 preferable for a biodiversity strategy to focus on conserving and increasing indigenous biodiversity values and eliminating Water and Biodiversity exotic species from bushland reserves and streetscapes, it Water has been identified as a key environmental theme is not that simple. The indigenous fauna that still resides in that needs to be addressed within the Whitehorse Urban urban environments has adapted to the habitat provided Biodiversity Strategy. All flora and fauna species depend by indigenous, native and exotic plants. Urban biodiversity on water for their survival. Water management and supply is complex and it needs to consider the inter-relationship is integral to biodiversity. Without continued water supply, between indigenous and exotic landscapes, habitats and flora biodiversity would not exist. Council has catchment and fauna species. To capture the complexity of biodiversity in management responsibilities in relation to stormwater an urban landscape: Whitehorse biodiversity has been defined management across the local municipal road network. to include all existing indigenous flora (plants), fauna (animals Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 9

Water management is a critical component of many development, therefore in terms of biodiversity, riparian Council departments and as such an inter-departmental environments provide opportunities to develop corridors and response to water management is required. It is the intent habitat that are unlikely to be subject to future development of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy that the (or other direct land use) pressures. Riparian environments concept of biodiversity becomes an integral consideration also provide linkages between municipalities and a variety of of water management within the City of Whitehorse. landforms and land uses. Incorporating water management Riparian environments are also one of the few lands parcels into biodiversity actions and projects is further elaborated in within urban environments that are largely unsuitable for Section 9 of the strategy.

Superb Fairy Wren 10 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

within the Council are listed below. Detailed information 3. regarding these policies and strategies together with other relevant policies is provided in Appendix 2. Statutory Context The need for the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy Council Vision 2013-2023 is embedded within global, national and state policies and legislation, and is reinforced by the expectations of the local Council Plan community. Four year strategic plan The global, national and state strategies all acknowledge Specific Strategic Plans that biodiversity concerns everyone and is therefore everyone’s The Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy aligns with the Council responsibility. The National Strategy acknowledges the need Plan as well as certain elements of many other Council policies, strategies and action plans. Following are some indicative for shared responsibility across all levels of government, the strategy links. community and the private sector. The state strategy Biodiversity is Everybody’s Business Social Built Natural Economic (Draft: 2010) amends but does not replace Victoria’s Health and Bicycle Strategy Whitehorse Economic Wellbeing in Recreation Urban Development Biodiversity Strategy which was released in 1997. Whitehorse Strategy Asset Biodiversity Strategy The preparation of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity 2013-2017 Management Strategy Recreation Strategy 2012 Sustainability Strategy will provide the policy framework for incorporating Strategy Strategy. biodiversity objectives and considerations into all aspects Open Space Strategy of Council business. The following diagram represents the principal policies, strategies and legislation that have contributed to the preparation of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy. 4. Global Context The Whitehorse Landscape Australia is a signatory to the International Convention on And Biodiversity Biological Diversity (1992) To illustrate the value of the biodiversity assets that still remain within the municipality, a brief history of what used to exist National Context within Whitehorse, why this has changed and what still exists now is provided. The information provided illustrates that Australia’s Biodiversity Conservation Strategy; 2010–2030 very little of the former landscape remains, so that what does remain is valuable both in the local and state contexts. State Context

Biodiversity Assessment Guidelines (2013) 4.1 Biodiversity is Everybody’s Business (Draft: 2010) Aboriginal History of Whitehorse Victoria’s Biodiversity Strategy (1997) Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act (1988) The Wurundjeri-Balluk Tribe are the traditional custodians of The Victorian Weed Strategy (1999) the land on which the City of Whitehorse is located. They have Victorian Planning Provisions been the traditional custodians for 40,000 years. The tribe is now known as the Wurundjeri, being one of five tribes that make up the Kulin nation. A full list of other federal and state government legislation, Historically, the tribe would camp along the banks of the policies and strategies related to biodiversity within many creeks that flow through the City and named parts of Whitehorse is presented in Appendix 1. the local area Namenarren or Nunawading. This landscape was radically different from what the municipality now is. 3.1 Whitehorse City Council 4.2 Policies and Strategies Natural Landscape of Whitehorse Figure 2 provides the local context and need for the Whitehorse is approximately 64 square kilometres in area. It is an Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy. Biodiversity, undulating landscape that was characterised by two dominant sustainability and livability are core concepts within Council vegetation communities and a series of smaller creek lines and and are addressed within many Council policies and strategies. waterways. The landscape was predominantly dry and exposed The key policies and strategies that are related to biodiversity (in the east), with very few lower-lying, swampy areas. Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 11

The entire municipality occurs within the Gippsland Plain EVC 47: Valley Grassy Forest occurred to the west of Station Bioregion, which has been extensively cleared for both Street, and extended to the western edge of the municipality. agricultural purposes and the development of suburban areas. It occurred on the gently undulating lower slopes and valley Vegetation communities are defined as Ecological floors of the hillier landscape that typifies the Box Hill area. It Vegetation Classes (EVCs), which is a vegetation classification covers the lower slopes and valley floors with more fertile soils. system that defines plant communities into common types that Patches of EVC 175: Grassy Woodland and EVC 55: Plains occur in similar environmental conditions throughout Victoria. Grassy Woodland occurred amongst the Valley Grassy Forest, Each vegetation type is identified on the basis of its floristic in the lower-lying flatter areas. Grassy Woodland occurred in composition (the plant species present), vegetation structure the ‘plain-like’ depressions amongst these hills, while Plains (i.e. woodland, grassland, saltmarsh), landform (i.e. gully, Grassy Woodland occurred to the west of these hills, in foothill, plain) and environmental characteristics (i.e. soil another ‘plain-like’ area type, climate). The most dominant Ecological Vegetation Fingers of the three wetland EVCs (EVC 83: Swampy Class (EVC) was EVC 127: Valley Heathy Forest. The second Riparian Woodland, EVC 164: Creekline Herb-rich Woodland most dominant vegetation community was EVC 47: Valley and EVC 126: Swampy Riparian Complex) occurred along Grassy Forest. Both of these EVCs extended beyond the numerous creek lines across the municipality. The main the current Whitehorse municipal boundaries into the creek lines are Gardiners Creek, Koonung Creek, Bushy Creek, neighbouring landscape. Mullum Mullum Creek and Dandenong Creek, and some EVC 127: Valley Heathy Forest covered approximately 80 smaller tributaries. Refer to Appendix 4 for descriptions of percent of the municipality and extended eastwards from each of these EVCs. Figure 2 depicts the location of these what is now Station Street, Box Hill, to the eastern edge of EVCS (and therefore the general landscape) across the Whitehorse. It is vegetation type that responds to the dry Whitehorse municipality. shallow soils that cover most of the municipality. It occurred across the slightly undulating plateau-like area that dominates outer eastern Melbourne.

47 Valley Grassy Forest 126 Swampy Riparian Complex 175 Grassy Woodland 55 Plains Grassy Woodland 127 Valley Heathy Forest

86 Swampy Riparian Woodland 164 Creekline Herb-rich Woodland

Key to Figures 2 and 3

Figure 2. Pre-1750 EVCs in the City of Whitehorse 12 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Figure 3. Remnant vegetation within Whitehorse by EVC

Table 1. EVCs originally found within the bounds of the 4.3 City of Whitehorse.

The Remaining Natural EVC Name Approxi- Original Area now Conserva- mate Approxi- remaining tion Status Landscape of Whitehorse original mate Total in ha coverage of Area (ha) As illustrated below in Figure 2, there is very little of the Whitehorse (%) original vegetation remaining, with the core areas being located around the Mullum Mullum Creek in the vicinity of 127: Valley 80% 5120 58 E Healthy the Eastlink tunnel (Yarran Dheran and Antonio Park bushland Forest reserves), Blackburn Lake Sanctuary, Bellbird Dell, Campbells 47: Valley 9% 576 12 V Croft and Wattle Park. Figure 3 illustrates the remaining Grassy patches of these EVCs within the City of Whitehorse. Forest Whitehorse was once completely covered in bushland. 175: Grassy 4% 256 1 E Woodland Today the remaining bushland within Whitehorse covers 83: Swampy 3% 192 22 E approximately 117 hectares. That is a loss of approximately Riparian 98 percent of the original Whitehorse landscape. Woodland A further illustration of the loss of biodiversity is presented 164: 2% 128 19 E Creekline in Table 1, which outlines the original area that each EVC once Herb-rich covered in Whitehorse, and the amount (in area) that now Woodland remains of each EVC. 126: 1% 64 5 E Swampy Riparian Complex 55: Plains 1% 64 ? E Grassy Woodland 6400ha ~117ha E

E = Endangered V= Vulnerable Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 13 13

Valda Avenue Wetlands 14 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

The waterways are one of the main open space links into 4.4 adjoining municipalities continuing for kilometres towards The Suburban Melbourne on the main Yarra Trail and south to Dandenong. The waterways provide extensive natural habitat and Whitehorse Landscape bushland spines that are either currently or have the potential Whitehorse can be viewed as two generally distinct suburban to become links to a large number of the Whitehorse areas; the more formal exotic landscape character in the bushland reserves. west and the bushland and native character in the east of the municipality. Interestingly the divide for these two distinct suburban areas occurs along the similar divide between the 4.5 two most dominant EVCs presented in Figure 1. What Biodiversity is Currently the municipality has approximately 335 open space reserves covering approximately 690 hectares of land, Missing from Whitehorse or 10.7 percent of the municipality. Of the total open space, The Whitehorse municipality covers approximately 64 square approximately 590 hectares is Council owned and managed, kilometres. Of this area, approximately 10.7 per cent (or which equates to about 324 reserves. 690 hectares) is comprised of open space. Council manages These reserves range from bushland reserves to formal approximately 85 per cent of this open space (about 590 gardens. The remaining open space is owned and managed hectares). In addition, Council also manages the majority by other agencies such as Melbourne Water and Parks Victoria. of streetscapes and the grounds of other community There are approximately 75,000 street trees within the facilities such as childcare centres and neighbourhood municipality. The system of open space in Whitehorse supports houses; an additional 5 percent (approximately) of the total a range of vegetation including remnant indigenous vegetation municipal area. From these totals, it is estimated that Council and mature exotic and native trees that provide habitat for manages approximately 15 per cent of the entire area of the wildlife. The linear reserves along the waterways throughout municipality. Whitehorse provide habitat corridors along the Gardiners, Approximately 85 per cent of the original landscape in the Koonung, Bushy, Mullum Mullum and Dandenong Creeks. Whitehorse area has been developed into an urban landscape The north and western areas of Whitehorse drain to the consisting of roads, private residences, businesses, shopping Yarra River catchment while the south-eastern area of the precincts and other land uses. In other words, 85 per cent of Municipality drains to the Dandenong Creek catchment. the original landscape has been substantially removed and The waterways and their tributaries largely define the replaced, which has created a modified urban landscape. location of many of the open space reserves; particularly the In the context of a modified urban landscape, there are system of linear riparian reserves, which provide connections numerous biodiversity elements which are now missing which to the regional reserves along the Yarra River and can never be replaced. Some of these missing biodiversity Dandenong Creek. elements may not have been directly removed or replaced through urban development, however the surrounding urban landscape with its dominance of exotic planted vegetation (in gardens and streetscapes) and domestic animals has ensured that there have been on-going impacts on indigenous flora and fauna species, which has resulted in the loss of those ‘less-urban’ tolerant species. These species can never be returned to suburbia, as they are not adapted to urban conditions, therefore they are not considered in the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy. Missing flora, fauna and habitat components. The majority of indigenous fauna species are considered to be missing due to the loss of habitat. The missing habitat components within much of suburbia include: ›› Large old trees ›› Hollow bearing trees ›› Forests and woodlands with a grassy understorey and clumps of shrubs ›› Coarse woody debris ›› Riparian corridors shading streams and aquatic habitats ›› Wetlands ›› Large patches and connecting corridors. Antonio Park – Everlastings Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 15

This information highlights the importance of conserving They provide the foundation from which biodiversity corridors and maintaining the indigenous flora and fauna species can be identified and enhanced. To provide an idea of the that remain, especially within the existing bushland and extent of indigenous flora and fauna species that still occur in open space network. Identifying, conserving and managing the Whitehorse municipality, lists of indigenous flora and fauna these remaining biodiversity habitat elements will provide species are provided in Appendices 5 to 8, which include lists the base for long term strategies and actions to increase of threatened indigenous flora and fauna species. biodiversity assets within, across, and beyond, the Whitehorse municipality. 4.7 4.6 The Future of What Whitehorse Whitehorse Biodiversity Any biodiversity strategy needs to take account of the Biodiversity Remains future especially given that landscape conditions will alter Table 1 and Figure 2 present information regarding the amount through impacts such as on-going development, habitat and location of ‘bushland’ or natural landscape that still removal and climate change. remains within Whitehorse. Approximately 2 percent of the A key initial action proposed as a core component of original vegetation communities/EVCs remain in Whitehorse this Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy is to compile an scattered in approximately 30 bushland reserves; with some Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat. other ‘bushland’ areas also occurring in open space (such as Many Whitehorse biodiversity assets are already known but parks and gardens) that contain bushland patches. Appendix the information is spread across many Council departments 10 outlines Whitehorse’s current bushland reserves and or community groups; maintained as personal knowledge bushland areas within other open space. by individuals or is contained within Council reports and The most important element of biodiversity is intact documents. bushland areas as they still contain a diverse range of indigenous flora species and provide habitat for indigenous Identifying and cataloguing existing Whitehorse fauna species. They also contain other more cryptic elements biodiversity assets will provide an inventory of of biodiversity such as insects, fungi and microrrhizial soil complete (bushland reserves) and/or partial relationships. (such as large old trees; other eucalypts, or While there are only small fragments of bushland remaining within Whitehorse, one of the main habitat exotic habitat) biodiversity assets and urban elements that still exists across most of the municipality are the habitat. This inventory may be considered scattered remnant eucalypts which persist in open space, some for incorporation into the Whitehorse Asset community land, along some road sides, along the creek lines Management System. and in private gardens. The type of eucalypt remaining and its position within Such an inventory would ensure that once a biodiversity asset the landscape are often clues to the original vegetation and/or habitat element has been recognised and catalogued, community. In an urban setting other biodiversity assets it will be more difficult to unintentionally remove it. The and/or urban habitat include: Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat ›› Scattered remnant trees (primarily eucalypts but also will partially assist in managing the on-going impacts of other indigenous tree species such as wattles, sheoaks development and habitat removal. and cherry ballarts) The Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban ›› Patches of remnant shrubs (predominantly wattles) Habitat will also include the planted native and exotic habitat ›› Patches of indigenous groundstorey species (indigenous that many remaining indigenous fauna species now rely upon. grasses and herbaceous species) In relation to climate change, it is predicted that the future will be drier with less rainfall and more extreme weather events. ›› Indigenous fauna (primarily ‘urban-tolerant’ birds, bats, It is likely there will be long-term changes to vegetation skinks and possums) structure and therefore to indigenous flora species. ›› Riparian strips (creeks and/or waterways), mostly with highly There will also be changes in indigenous fauna depending modified indigenous vegetation on their habitat requirements. It is difficult to predict what ›› Riparian fauna (primarily frogs, fish and wetland birds) the long-term impacts of climate change will be upon ›› The habitat that supports indigenous fauna (primarily Whitehorse’s biodiversity. This section of the Whitehorse planted exotic or native trees, and artificial habitat such as Urban Biodiversity Strategy simply recognises that there rock walls or other garden features). are likely to be impacts that will be accounted for in future All of these biodiversity assets and urban habitat are essential reviews of this Strategy. Council through the Climate to maintaining and managing the remaining biodiversity Change Adaptation Plan 2011 recognises the importance of within Whitehorse. preparation for environmental change. 16 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

5. Table 2. Categories of Council Managed Open Space Asset/Facility Biodiversity Values What is Council Managed Parks and Gardens

Open Space? Remnant bushland containing suite of biodiversity values including indigenous As outlined previously, the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Bushland reserves plants, fauna including insects and other invertebrates, soil fungi/bacteria, Strategy is concerned with the conservation and management mosses and lichens of public biodiversity assets and urban habitat within Whitehorse; the biodiversity assets in community open space, Some contain remnant trees, especially Large Old Trees, Revegetation beds which includes Council managed open space, streetscapes and Open space reserves Remnant shrubs (i.e.: patches of Wattles) community facilities. playgrounds ‘No mow’ patches of indigenous understorey vegetation, Exotic habitat The focus in the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy (in the form of planted native and/or is on community open space and facilities as they constitute exotic trees, especially larger trees) almost 10 per cent of the total area of the municipality. Potential Habitat/biodiversity corridors Identifying, conserving and managing (or continuing the Large old Trees Indigenous revegetation beds existing management of) all of the biodiversity assets and Linear corridors/reserves Large old planted native and/or exotic habitat elements across such a large proportion of the trees (exotic habitat) municipality will make the largest, substantial contribution Riparian strips to Whitehorse biodiversity that can be undertaken by the Sports facilities one organisation. Tennis clubs Remnant trees As community open space and facilities are spread Planted native and/or exotic trees (exotic across the entire municipality, the continued management Bowling clubs habitat) of biodiversity across this area will provide the opportunity Nature strips to spread biodiversity management so that a range of local Remnant trees, Planted native and/or exotic trees (exotic habitat) residents are exposed to biodiversity management activities. Street trees Potential for biodiversity corridor This is viewed as a key component of engaging local residents (strategic locations only) about what constitutes Whitehorse biodiversity; and the Golf Course management actions, tools and programs that can be used Remnant trees, Planted native and/or exotic trees (exotic habitat) Wetland to stabilise and ultimately increase Whitehorse’s biodiversity Morack Golf Course habitat? Open space for foraging assets and urban habitat. A register of known community open space and the Community facilities – Children associated biodiversity assets and elements that are likely to Maternal and childcare occur in this land is presented in summarised form in Table 2 centres below. The information presented in Table 2 does not cover Planted native and/or exotic trees (exotic habitat) the entire extent of community open space and facilities Remnant trees, Planted `native and/or Childcare centres exotic trees (exotic habitat) within the Whitehorse municipality. Detailed refining of the Community Open Space register is required to confirm the Kindergartens site by site applicability of potential biodiversity opportunities. Pre-schools Refining the register of relevant sites would be incorporated Community facilities – Halls with the development of the Inventory of Whitehorse Scout halls Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat. Neighbourhood houses Remnant trees, Planted native and/or Details of land that may potentially be considered Halls for hire exotic trees (exotic habitat) community open space is provided in Appendix 11. This list Senior citizens centres includes a range of Council owned and/or managed buildings, Community houses parks and reserves, significant roadside vegetation reserves, Community facilities – Council road median strips, shopping centre garden beds and nature strips (street scapes). Town halls Whitehorse Civic Centre Whitehorse Operations Centre Remnant trees, Planted native and/or exotic trees (exotic habitat) Indigenous Civic facilities landscaping Libraries (toy libraries) Community arts centre Council nursery Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 17

Principles Objectives 6. ›› Increase the focus Conserve and maintain existing on replenishing and Whitehorse biodiversity, focusing supplementing indigenous Whitehorse Biodiversity Principles on indigenous flora and fauna planting. species while recognising the ›› Increase the understanding of importance of native and exotic and Objectives native and exotic vegetation vegetation to habitat. General principles that underpin present and future and habitat. biodiversity directions were identified during the development ›› Provide opportunities for community volunteers to of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy. These principles be involved in biodiversity Facilitate a greater management. together with the objectives that have been developed from understanding and appreciation ›› Investigate options for of the value of biodiversity in them are detailed below. community biodiversity data to the local community, as well be maintained and stored in a The principles are intended to guide not only the outcomes as encouraging ownership and suitable environment. involvement. of this strategy but also to provide a basis for assessing and ›› Educate the local community considering new issues that may arise in the future. by example in biodiversity conservation and management. The principles and objectives have resulted in a number of ›› Conserve the greatest number integrated actions that provide a consistent practical plan for of indigenous ecosystems in the Enhance the indigenous City of Whitehorse. conserving, managing and increasing Whitehorse’s biodiversity. landscape character of the ›› Increase indigenous flora City of Whitehorse. through strategic planting and Actions management. Through discussion in community and staff workshops ›› Improve the understanding of the importance of native and from the various contributions of participants in the and exotic flora as habitat for indigenous fauna species. development of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy, Recognise the importance of ›› Create an inventory of current vegetation management, as it a range of biodiversity actions have been identified. City of Whitehorse biodiversity underpins habitat and therefore assets and habitat elements. These actions are consistent with the principles and fauna conservation. ›› Identify opportunities for the objectives detailed above. The actions have been assessed conservation and management technically from an ecological perspective to ensure they will of vegetation recognised as promote favourable outcomes. These actions are categorised, urban habitat. prioritised and discussed in Section 9 of this document. ›› Implement biodiversity conservation and management Willingly explore new actions with a focus on a approaches, adopt best practice Monitoring Evaluation and Reporting maximum return through standards and focus on practical utilisation of existing programs. actions with foreseeable Monitoring, evaluation and reporting has been devised ›› Monitor and report on outcomes. Ensure budgets are biodiversity conservation and that will track the implementation of the Whitehorse Urban used efficiently and practically management within the City for the greatest biodiversity Biodiversity Strategy. The monitoring of specific biodiversity of Whitehorse as well as the outcomes. actions will be addressed in the design and development of effectiveness of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy. each individual action. Currently measures do not exist to gain a ‘bigger picture’ ›› Improve knowledge and understanding of the assessment of the health of biodiversity in Whitehorse’s biodiversity assets in the City Data on biodiversity assets of Whitehorse, to protect and Community Open Space. Measures to gain an assessment of is collected, documented, manage it effectively and maintained and implemented for the health of Whitehorse’s urban biodiversity will be developed appropriately. the greatest benefit. once the strategy has been embedded and implementation of ›› Collect useful data, and base decisions and actions on the specific biodiversity actions has commenced. This measure considered judgements. is presented as one of the actions proposed in Section 9 of this ›› Integrate water management document; which will evaluate the broader effectiveness of all and its implications for (or many of) the proposed actions in managing and conserving Whitehorse biodiversity. Recognise that water ›› Achieve a greater knowledge Whitehorse’s biodiversity assets and habitat elements. management is critical to of the impact that water conserving and maintaining the management has on conserving City of Whitehorse’s biodiversity and managing biodiversity assets. assets. ›› Improve cross-Council and inter-agency integration in water management.

›› Develop a greater understanding of the critical role that Council has as Work in collaboration and in custodian of Whitehorse’s partnership with other agencies, biodiversity assets. Council Officers and the ›› Improve inter-agency, cross- community. council and cross-discipline integration in biodiversity conservation and management. 18 City of White Horse – Biodiversity Strategy

Pope Road, Blackburn

›› ParksWide bushland program integrating with other 7. management areas ›› Trained, experienced and committed Bushland Current Whitehorse Biodiversity Team members Management ›› Bush regeneration contractors in priority sites ›› Community involvement through Parkland Advisory Committees Council is already actively involved in the process of conserving and managing many of the known ›› Community nurseries Whitehorse biodiversity assets and urban habitat ›› Blackburn and District Environment Protection Fund elements that occurs in community open space. support for community groups ›› Monitoring program annually implemented in bushland areas The Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy is recognised as an important document that provides direction and consistency ›› Recognition of ‘no mow’ areas and flexible to enhance existing biodiversity management activities and maintenance programs to diversify and expand upon the base that already exists ›› Staff awareness of environmental values through current biodiversity management practices. A number ›› Experimental practices such as Goat Pulse grazing trial of current Council programs support biodiversity and provide ›› Canopy infill planting a strong basis from which to enhance biodiversity outcomes across the municipality. A range of the key biodiversity ›› Indigenous planting themes management activities are summarised, but are not limited, ›› Consideration of habitat in tree management works to those listed below: Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 19

›› Fire management with consideration to environmental values in bushland 8.2 ›› Blackburn Lake Sanctuary Education Program Threats ›› Community education including presentations, The extent of the threats to Whitehorse’s public biodiversity weed leaflet etc. assets and urban habitat elements are not yet fully understood ›› Woody weed removal program as a complete inventory of Whitehorse public biodiversity ›› Pest animal control including foxes, bees and wasps assets and urban habitat elements does not yet exist. This in itself is a threat to the conservation and management ›› Cooperation with students undertaking environmental of Whitehorse biodiversity. Some of the general threats to projects in parks including at tertiary level Whitehorse biodiversity that are known and ›› Street tree policy that identifies and supports recognised include: corridor planting ›› Modification to biodiversity values is an on-going process ›› Professional communications team to inform local residents that will continue through inevitable landscape changes such as on-going development and further habitat removal ›› Strong linkages between operational and planning aspects including street tree removal for safety and/or as a result of parks management of natural attrition ›› The preparation and implementation of service ›› The complexity of managing biodiversity, on some aspects delivery standards, of which the science is not well understood ›› The review of the Urban Forest Strategy. ›› Weeds in an urban context are a continual challenge especially along exposed frontages or access ways where seed is readily introduced 8. ›› Habitat removal and the associated difficulty of accurately Protecting Whitehorse’s monitoring fauna species to assess its full impacts ›› Human disturbance in the form of noise, light, exotic plants Biodiversity Assets and animals Although Whitehorse retains significant biodiversity assets and ›› Dogs with not only the potential for attack indigenous urban habitat elements, there are ongoing threats to these fauna but the associated threats of dog scent and biodiversity assets and urban habitat elements, and there are faecal pollution also opportunities for enhancing them. ›› Cats are not only known predators but they also potentially carry diseases ›› Lack of community awareness resulting in such activities 8.1 as the dumping of garden rubbish Opportunities ›› Attracting and maintaining bushland and/or nursery volunteers is an on-going issue. Opportunities for enhancing Whitehorse’s public biodiversity ›› Unrestricted access can result in compaction and assets and urban habitat are presented in more detail as the vegetation degradation proposed actions outlined in Section 9. The actions have been defined into one of three categories: ›› Drainage concentrations alter plant communities by increasing nutrient loads which favours weed growth. ›› Enhancement of current Council biodiversity management programs ›› One-off actions that will increase knowledge of and planning towards conserving and managing Whitehorse’s public biodiversity assets and urban habitat elements ›› On-going actions that will increase the public Whitehorse biodiversity values (especially indigenous fauna and threatened flora and fauna species) that require an on-going resource commitment. If there is no on- going resource commitment for these actions then it is recommended that they do not commence. The current status of these actions, and a brief analysis of the benefits (or not) to public Whitehorse biodiversity assets resulting from these actions will also be provided. The information in Section 9, Table 4 presents the proposed timeframe for each of the proposed actions.

Australian Painted Lady Butterfly 20 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Biodiversity Action 9. Vegetation management plans for large tracts of land with alternative uses Biodiversity Actions Community reporting and data gathering The core of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy is the List of environmental weeds actions that will make a positive difference to biodiversity. Flora and fauna photos It is recognised that there are three types of biodiversity Threatened flora species management actions within Whitehorse: Threatened fauna species management ›› Actions that are already occurring, that can be enhanced Hollows management project ›› One-off actions that can be undertaken to increase Biodiversity engagement – logos and signage biodiversity knowledge and outcomes, Development of monitoring program ›› Larger actions that would be on-going (both in a budgetary Water sensitive urban design and time context). Litter traps All biodiversity actions proposed below are subject to budgetary provisions. Time frames for the proposed biodiversity actions are included 9.1 in Table 4. The time frames are defined as: ›› Short term (one to two years) Current Management Actions that ›› Medium term (three to four years) can be Enhanced ›› Long term (five to ten years). Council currently manages various aspects of Whitehorse A key action (refer to Section 9.9.1) proposed within the biodiversity. The Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy sets Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy is the development of a direction for addressing and encompassing any existing gaps an Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and in the management of Whitehorse biodiversity in community Urban Habitat. open space. This is identified as a one-off action and it significantly forms The following biodiversity actions acknowledge the the basis of other biodiversity management actions such biodiversity management programs already occurring as biodiversity mapping and biodiversity corridor planning across municipal community open space, as are identified in The development of the Inventory ensures that all current Section 7. The proposed biodiversity actions outlined below biodiversity assets and urban habitat elements in community present a brief summary on the biodiversity management open space are recognised and managed for their biodiversity already occurring, what the identified gaps in biodiversity values. The proposed biodiversity actions are summarised management are and how the project will enhance the broadly in the Table 3 below. existing management actions.

Table 3. Summary of Proposed Biodiversity Actions 9.1.1 Biodiversity Action Development of a canopy management policy Development of a Canopy Identify potential extension areas of bushland regeneration Management Policy Threatened flora species list The existing City of Whitehorse Streetscape Policy and Identify experimental management practices Strategy (2002) is being reviewed as the Urban Forest Strategy. Work with other authorities to improve Whitehorse biodiversity A component of the Urban Forest Strategy incorporates Woody weed management biodiversity management and recognises the role of planted Volunteer management framework indigenous, native and/or exotic trees in providing habitat for indigenous fauna species. Council operational processes and policies A Canopy Management Policy is being developed in Parks design conjunction with the Urban Forest Strategy and will provide Biodiversity inductions specific tree management guidelines that relate to biodiversity Ground level habitat/coarse woody material fuel reduction guidelines assets and/or urban habitat. Expand the existing infill tree planting program to improve canopy This action is interdependent upon the proposed Inventory cover of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat. Once Biodiversity research liaison committee the extent and location of existing Whitehorse biodiversity Development of an Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity assets and urban habitat has been identified, assessed and Assets and Urban Habitat mapped urban habitat specific management guidelines can List of ‘biodiversity hots pots’ be identified to ensure an on-going contribution to local Develop a biodiversity corridors plan biodiversity, without compromising function or public safety. Identify potential ‘no mow’ areas The Canopy Management Policy will consider new and existing Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 21

trees and associated risk and other management issues. It will apply to the range of community open space such as parks and gardens, street trees, childcare centres, etc. The policy will be formed with reference to risk management principles and practices.

9.1.2 Identify Potential Extension Areas of Bushland Regeneration ParksWide has a current management practice of ‘considered slow bushland expansion’ into weedy areas that still contain indigenous flora species and are directly adjacent to existing bushland areas. This practice is supported by Vegetation Quality Maps that have been prepared for a number of Drooping Mistletoe Amyema pendula bushland reserves including Antonio Park, Yarran Dheran and Blackburn Lake Sanctuary. Monitoring has to date identified in both Yarran Dheran 9.1.4 and Antonio Park that bushland areas have been extended. Former grassy weed patches have been actively managed Identify Experimental and are now areas with a high cover of indigenous grasses Management Practices (predominantly Weeping Grass Microlaena stipoides). While these areas have a high indigenous cover, they contain a low Adaptive management that reflects changing site conditions diversity of indigenous species. or resourcing, and incorporates new and/or altered indigenous The Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy enables vegetation management practices, is a core component of a more systematic approach to potential bushland expansions. bushland management. Once the Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and As a relatively new field of ‘horticultural’ management, Urban Habitat has been prepared, strategic directions can indigenous vegetation management techniques are constantly be determined as to where the greatest biodiversity outcomes being tested. Bushland managers need to be aware of will be gained. Potential bushland extensions require developments in the field and be adaptive where required and a consideration of the costs of maintenance. to what is suitable for local sites. While ParksWide and its contractors already incorporate 9.1.3 adaptive management principles into bushland management, the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy provides the Threatened Flora Species List opportunity to ensure this practice in enshrined within the Whitehorse bushland and biodiversity management approach. There is currently no central inventory of the extent and location of threatened flora species within Whitehorse. The Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban 9.1.5 Habitat will identify the locations of threatened species and Work with Other Authorities to provide a central inventory for threatened flora species. A list of known threatened flora species (provided through Improve Whitehorse Biodiversity previous field surveys and submitted to the Viridans database; As outlined in Section 5.5, there are approximately 690 the Flora Information System) within Whitehorse is provided hectares of open space within Whitehorse. Council manages in Appendix 6. As this list is compiled from numerous field approximately 590 hectares of this open space, while the surveys undertaken since the beginning of the 1900s, it is remaining 100 hectares (approximately) is managed by other anticipated that some of the threatened flora species listed in authorities such as Parks Victoria, Melbourne Water Appendix 6 may now be locally extinct in the Whitehorse area. and VicRoads. A component of the Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Council already has established and well developed Assets and Urban Habitat would be to identify/verify the working relationships with authorities. The land that these current threatened flora species that still exist within the authorities manage is not under ParksWide’s control however Whitehorse municipality, and revise the list presented in liaising with other organisations will potentially lead to Appendix 6. Management of these species would require enhanced biodiversity outcomes within Whitehorse. the development of specific plans and protocols in addition The Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy provides an to budgetary provision; as such this project is also listed in opportunity to reinforce the potential benefits for biodiversity Section 9.3. outcomes through fostering and maintaining good working relationships with external authorities. 22 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Eucalyptus Leaf Skeleton Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 23

9.1.6 could have a direct benefit for biodiversity. For example herbicide may be used in some situations when it is not the Woody Weeds most appropriate option for biodiversity. The need to establish a representative committee that Woody weeds are recognised as a significant threat to reviews management practices and identifies opportunities indigenous flora within Whitehorse; however, it is also through continuous improvement has been identified known that some woody weeds provide important habitat within ParksWide. The ParksWide Continuous Improvement for indigenous fauna species. Woody weeds are a threat to Committee which includes field and management team biodiversity but they may also be an essential element of urban members meets regularly to discuss a range of operational habitat, as they support faunal biodiversity. matters. The implementation of the Whitehorse Urban A component of the Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Biodiversity Strategy provides the opportunity to incorporate Assets and Urban Habitat will be to recognise and locate biodiversity into the Continuous Improvement significant exotic urban habitat elements, which may include Committee agenda. some woody weeds. Within bushland reserves, thickets of woody weeds need to be identified, assessed for their habitat values and recorded. Categories need to be defined that 9.1.9 identify woody weeds as either urban habitat or as threats to biodiversity. A woody weed assessment form is required Parks Design that recognises the need to consider woody weeds for their Parks design is concerned with the structural aspects of potential (or known) habitat values. When assessing the parks, such as path locations, asset placement or planting, potential biodiversity values of woody weeds, the that considers both maintenance access and enhancing existing determination of woody weed control programs needs to habitat. Parks esign is the conscious identification of the use of recognise that community perceptions, neighborhood interests each open space, together with which objectives need to be and aesthetics are also important management considerations. achieved and what the maintenance implications The management of woody weeds involves paradigms that of decisions are. need to be addressed and resolved within the context of the ›› Uses could include: sportsfield, bushland reserve or Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy. playground. Many open space reserves have multiples uses. ›› Objectives could include fuel reduction management, 9.1.7 biodiversity management, public safety and recreational needs. Volunteer Management Guidelines are to be developed that apply to the range of Framework open space uses and objectives, to facilitate management that is proactive and incorporates the various biodiversity, Volunteer involvement is a critical aspect in biodiversity maintenance and/or recreational requirements. management and the skills, commitment and capacity of volunteers needs to be nurtured through suitable programs. Council maintains an active Volunteer Coordination role 9.1.10 at an organisational level. Volunteer management continues to develop to support the ongoing work of volunteers within Biodiversity Site Inductions parks at both strategic and operational levels. Biodiversity inductions are to be incorporated into general At an operational level a Volunteer Management Framework work practices (including contracts) once the Inventory of will be developed that recognises the importance of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat has been volunteers in regards to the conservation and management of completed and has resolved which open space reserves (and Whitehorse’s biodiversity. street scapes and other community facilities) contain Important components of the framework will include biodiversity assets and/or urban habitat. incorporating occupational health and safety requirements for Biodiversity inductions would be either general or specific volunteers and biodiversity inductions (refer to Section 9.1.9). (depending on the audience, the nature of the works and the works location) and they would apply across Council staff, 9.1.8 contractors and volunteers. The inductions would identify Council’s aim to conserve Council Operational Processes and improve upon the existing biodiversity assets within the and Policies municipality. They would also outline the specific biodiversity assets or elements within that location, what the threats to Council’s parks maintenance business and programs are those assets and/or urban habitat are, and how those threats undertaken in community open space/Council managed can be managed through specific workplace controls. land. In the undertaking of Council business there may be opportunities to identify specific operational changes that 24 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

9.1.11 9.1.12 Ground Level Habitat/Coarse Expand the existing Infill Tree Woody Material Fuel Reduction Planting Program to improve Guidelines Canopy Cover Fuel reduction and biodiversity management are two ParksWide currently operates an infill tree planting program potentially competing elements within Whitehorse’s bushland that is aimed at replenishing and improving canopy cover in reserves. A key component of seasonal fuel reduction works open space areas, however this program is limited and could is the removal of fallen branches around the periphery of be further expanded to become a cornerstone program. reserves that are adjacent to residential areas or in other The implementation of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity strategic locations. Strategy provides the opportunity to expand on the current Fallen branches and logs (referred to as coarse woody work and expand the biodiversity enhancement aspect of material) provide important ground level habitat and shelter this program. for a variety of species including reptiles, insects The compilation of the Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity and amphibians. Assets and Urban Habitat and the complementary Biodiversity There are no documented guidelines directing the amount Corridors Plan will provide the opportunity to strategically or nature of coarse woody material that should be removed identify areas within the municipality where biodiversity values and in which areas of each bushland reserve. Decisions can be enhanced by a structured infill tree planting program. are being made on the ground, during the direction and This program will also apply to other community facilities implementation of fuel reduction works. This has resulted such as childcare centres and neighbourhood houses where in differing interpretations and has therefore contributed to relevant to enhancing existing biodiversity assets and/or varied amounts of coarse woody material remaining in situ urban habitat. across the network of Whitehorse bushland reserves. A longer term aspect of this program could be to create This removal of coarse woody material has resulted in the specific ‘infill density’ templates to simulate biodiversity niches. reduction (in some bushland reserves) of habitat for lizards The focus of this program will be upon expanding and insects, which has consequences for all fauna species that indigenous biodiversity assets; however, in certain areas of the depend on them for survival. municipality, the program may focus on infilling native and/or Currently the retention of some ground timber is only exotic trees species if they have been identified as important being practiced in bushland reserves, yet as identified in the biodiversity elements that require enhancing. definition of Whitehorse biodiversity, habitat for indigenous Unsuitable growth habits mean that not all indigenous fauna is not restricted to just bushland reserves. Habitat also tree species are suitable as potential street trees. Suitable incorporates planted native and/or exotic trees growing in native species or selected exotics may be used, to increase other more formal parks and gardens across Whitehorse. habitat for indigenous fauna species, where indigenous trees To address this situation, guidelines regarding the nature are inappropriate. This activity will also be linked to the Urban of coarse woody material removed as a component of fuel Forest Strategy. reduction works will be prepared as an action once the Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat 9.1.13 has been completed. Biodiversity Research Liaison Committee There are several tertiary education institutions located within Whitehorse one of which offers environmental science and management courses. To capitalise on the resources already available within Whitehorse, the need to establish a research liaison committee between these institutions and Council has been recognised. The role of the committee would be to provide a central collection point for research ideas that are biodiversity related to be dispersed to the educational institutions, to enable facilitation by Honours, Masters or Doctorate research students.

Koala Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 25

cost estimates to maintain and improve existing or any new 9.2 biodiversity assets or urban habitat. Interactions with the data New Biodiversity Actions; One- collection for the Whitehorse Asset Management Plan will also be investigated. In conjunction with compiling the Inventory off Commitments of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat, the In conjunction with enhancing existing biodiversity management threats and improvement opportunities for each management actions that are undertaken by Council, asset or habitat element can also be compiled. a number of one-off biodiversity projects and/or actions The Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and have been identified that will consolidate existing biodiversity Urban Habitat also provides a base line monitoring tool that knowledge or fill in the gaps regarding missing pieces of can be used to assist in determining whether the objective of Whitehorse biodiversity information. conserving and maintaining Whitehorse’s current biodiversity is Many of the proposed actions (including enhancing being achieved or not. This critical piece of work will underpin existing actions and proposed on-going activity) are inter- many other activities that are awaiting an informed basis from linked. A key activity in this respect that underpins other which to be initiated. activities is the preparation of the Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat. 9.2.2 9.2.1 List of ‘Biodiversity Hotspots’ This action is strongly connected to both the Inventory of Development of an Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat and the Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets Biodiversity Corridors Plan. The Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and and Urban Habitat Urban Habitat will identify and categorise biodiversity assets As outlined in Section 4.6 and presented in Appendix 3 there and urban habitat across the municipality. A component of are many biodiversity assets or urban habitat elements located categorising biodiversity assets and urban habitat would across community open space within the municipality that involve determining the importance or contribution of contribute to Whitehorse’s biodiversity. each biodiversity asset and urban habitat element towards Biodiversity assets include the bushland reserves, creeks conserving Whitehorse’s biodiversity. The criteria for and other waterways, wetlands, riparian corridors and the determining importance or contribution would be prepared known nesting trees for threatened species. Urban habitat as a component of the Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity includes larger old trees (both indigenous species and planted Assets and Urban Habitat action. native and/or exotic species that are used by indigenous fauna) Once these importance or contribution determinations and more obscure habitat such as rock walls or particular have been defined, a list (and map) of Whitehorse biodiversity streetscapes that attract and/or support a multitude of hotspots can be compiled. indigenous bird and/or bat species. Biodiversity hotspots: The location and extent of many of these assets are already ‘are areas that support natural ecosystems that are largely known however there is no central database to manage this intact and where native species and communities associated information, and ensure that it is easily accessible within with these ecosystems are well represented. They are also Council. Some of this knowledge is also contained within the areas with a high diversity of locally endemic species, ‘working knowledge’ of individual staff members, contractor which are species that are not found or are rarely found or community members. Other aspects of this knowledge may outside the hotspot. be contained in Council strategies and registers such as the The current, planned or potential management activities in Open Space Strategy (2002) and the Register of hotspots place the natural values at risk, and it is likely this risk Significant Trees. will increase in the future in the absence of active conservation To ensure that Whitehorse’s biodiversity is conserved management. Because the natural values of hotspots are and well managed, it is essential that all current knowledge largely intact, undertaking action now to maintain these values is developed into one central database. There will also be an has the potential to provide value-for-money in contributing emphasis on ground-truthing of identified parks and reserves, to our efforts in biodiversity conservation. (Australian to ensure the maximum accuracy and detail of information Government; online).’ regarding Whitehorse’s public biodiversity is captured at the Once the map of Whitehorse biodiversity hotspots has one time. been produced, it will be possible to develop the critical Appendix 11 provides a list of community open space that linkages/habitat corridors, and then develop a canopy infill (or is managed by Council. This list is not complete and requires similar) program to enhance the linkages via canopy stepping further investigation to confirm the presence of biodiversity stones. The map of biodiversity hotspots could be a separate assets or urban habitat. action or a component of the Biodiversity Corridors Plan. The Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat will also determine the quality of existing biodiversity assets and urban habitat, and potentially provide 26 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

9.2.3 9.2.5 Develop a Biodiversity Vegetation Management Plans Corridors Plan for large tracts of Land with Once the Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Alternative Uses Urban Habitat had been compiled it will be possible to map all Currently one known large tract of Council-managed land of the recorded biodiversity assets and urban habitat elements. with a principal alternative use is the Morack Public Golf The map would indicate the location of all of the Course. There is the potential that other large tracts of Whitehorse biodiversity assets and urban habitat and identify what type of asset or habitat element they are. The mapping Council managed land may be identified during the process would also differentiate between indigenous biodiversity of compiling the Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets assets and exotic/planted native/woody weed urban habitat. and Urban Habitat. Once identified consideration can be given Once public Whitehorse biodiversity assets and urban to whether Vegetation Management Plans are appropriate habitat elements have been mapped across the municipality, for these sites as a means of conserving and managing their it will be possible to identify biodiversity nodes and therefore biodiversity assets and/or urban habitat, while still satisfying linkages/corridors across the municipality and outwards into their core purpose. adjacent municipalities. Many of the potential nodes and linkages are already 9.2.6 known such as bushland reserves, riparian strips and streetscapes between some nearby bushland reserves. Biodiversity Engagement – A dedicated Whitehorse Biodiversity Corridors Plan Logos and Signage could also be used to consider subsequent Planning issues and funding applications to enhance the identified biodiversity The Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy directs the nodes and linkages/corridors. The Whitehorse Biodiversity conservation and management of public biodiversity assets, Corridors Plan would interact with the Urban Forest Strategy as a means of ensuring that the largest possible area of and other related documentation. Whitehorse’s biodiversity is identified, conserved and managed. Together with the concept of managing public 9.2.4 Whitehorse biodiversity is the intention of engaging local residents about the existence, identity and management of Identify Potential ‘No Mow’ Areas their local biodiversity assets through observation. Once the Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat ParksWide has previously undertaken investigations of areas has been compiled and mapped, and the corresponding within the Whitehorse open space network that have been Biodiversity Corridor Plan and List of Whitehorse Biodiversity identified as containing indigenous grasses and herbaceous Hotspots has been produced, there is opportunity for a range species. These investigations resulted in delineating sections of publications or web-based material, to be available to of some parks, removing mowers and then re-surveying residents, to engage the community in what public biodiversity them to determine the extent and quality of indigenous assets are located nearby or within the municipality. groundstorey vegetation, and whether or not to maintain In conjunction with identifying public biodiversity assets, these areas as ‘no mow’ areas, or return them to mown grass. a range of logos could be developed that identify the variety These investigations resulted in approximately 10 ‘no of Whitehorse biodiversity assets and urban habitat across the mow’ areas being added to the list of managed Whitehorse municipality within accessible community open space. Logos bushland sites. There is the potential that more of these areas would potentially be installed at community open space that exist within the open space network; however, it requires the was not restricted for safety and other reasons. impetus to investigate and determine appropriate sites that Installing logos across the municipality would allow could be added to the ‘no mow’ list. It is envisaged that any the information available in the Inventory of Whitehorse ‘ground-truthing’ for the Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat, the Biodiversity Corridor Assets and Urban Habitat would also involve noting any Plan and the List of Whitehorse Biodiversity Hotspots, to be potential ‘no mow’ investigation areas along with information more accessible and recognisable on the ground. Logo signage from ParksWide personnel and bushland contractors. would provide local residents with visual examples of what Whitehorse biodiversity actually means and look like. To complement the publications and logos information could also be made available; either through permanent brief signage/visual interpretation or temporary signage set out by the Whitehorse bushland team/bushland contractors that alerted residents to biodiversity management works, what was occurring and why. These simple engagement strategies rely on observational skills and curiosity, rather than undertaking Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 27

Golden-green Stag Beetle

more focused educational activities. Generally, undertaking actions will be undertaken. However it is possible that not biodiversity educational activities require structured programs all of the on-going biodiversity actions will be implemented. that are beyond the scope of the Whitehorse Urban Considering this, and that the detail of each particular Biodiversity Strategy. biodiversity action has not yet been designed, it is not possible to state the exact monitoring that will be undertaken as a 9.2.7 component of each biodiversity action. The monitoring will focus upon the questions: have the specific biodiversity actions Development of Monitoring been implemented and how are they progressing? Program The broader monitoring program will be focused upon questions such as; has the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Two monitoring programs will be developed as a component Strategy been successful or not in conserving and managing of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy. Monitoring Whitehorse’s biodiversity assets and urban habitat elements? is required for each of the specific biodiversity projects that Is Whitehorse biodiversity being maintained at current levels, have been proposed, as well as the monitoring required that increasing or decreasing in amount and variety? considers the overall success (or failure) of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy. As noted previously there are three 9.2.8 types of proposed biodiversity actions: ›› Enhancement of existing Council biodiversity management Community Reporting and Data programs Gathering ›› One-off biodiversity actions Citizen science is scientific research conducted, in whole or in ›› On-going actions that require on-going budgetary part, by amateur or non-professional scientists. Citizen science commitments. makes an important contribution to biodiversity conservation Subject to budget provision and community consultation it is and management through the myriad of conservation activities foreseen that all of the enhancement and One-off biodiversity 28 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

and research undertaken by volunteers including Earthwatch, Nature Watch, ‘Friends of’ groups and bird watchers to 9.3 name a few. On-going Biodiversity Actions The implementation of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy provides the opportunity to acknowledge the support The actions outlined in this section of the Whitehorse and work of volunteers towards biodiversity conservation, and Urban Biodiversity Strategy make long-term contributions to develop programs that ensure voluntary work and research to the conservation, management and enhancement of is captured and managed. This would enable knowledge that Whitehorse biodiversity. These actions however cannot be is obtained through citizen science to be harnessed and easily commenced and then stopped when funding ceased. used appropriately. They are long-term actions that require on-going budgetary The initial focus would be upon managing existing citizen commitments. If an on-going budgetary commitment is not science research and data collection. The project will focus on available, it is preferable that these actions did not commence. identifying opportunities for community members, especially bird watchers, to record their data in a pre-existing centralised 9.3.1 system. The main components will include identifying requirements for the data to be collected and stored, so that Threatened Flora Species the integrity of data is maintained. Another component of the Management project will be to devise guidelines to ensure the biodiversity knowledge gathered from future ‘citizen science’ projects can There are two aspects to this activity, the identification of also be collected, stored and maintained. threatened flora species including their extent and location (as previously identified in Section 9.1.3) and the on-going management of these species. 9.2.9 The initial component would be undertaken as part of the Environmental Weeds List Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat which will identify the locations of threatened species, and Council has produced an environmental weeds brochure provide a central inventory for threatened flora species records. but does not yet have a documented, accessible listing of The threatened flora species list would provide information relevant local environmental weeds. Developing this list is an on which threatened species have been recorded within activity that would have application across Council potentially Whitehorse, but not their locations, on any publically available including the Planning Department. The list could also be data. Locational information would be restricted, as some available for residents to enable identification of environmental threatened species, such as orchids, are vulnerable to collection weeds within gardens or nurseries. or removal. A component of the environmental weed list would be Once this information is available, ParksWide would to identify woody weed species that contribute to habitat assess and develop management protocols to conserve and for indigenous fauna. The habitat elements and potential potentially increase the viability and extent of these species. indigenous fauna species that used the habitat should be listed This would require the development of a specific threatened so that an assessment can be made of the habitat values of species management budget which requires an on-going woody weeds if they are nominated for removal. commitment. It is proposed that basic management guidelines for 9.2.10 each species could be developed that are generic, and then developed for particular reserves/habitats if there are special Flora and Fauna Photos requirements. A list of known threatened flora species within ParksWide maintains a photographic library of flora, fauna and Whitehorse is provided in Appendix 6. conservation photos that are used for Council purposes such as education, promotion and publications. 9.3.2 The photos have the potential to be stored and given the prominence and ready access they require, including for use Threatened Fauna Species by all Council departments and potentially the public, in the Management longer term, however a mechanism for storing and accessing these photos needs to be devised. The Whitehorse Urban The Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban Biodiversity Strategy provides the opportunity to identify the Habitat is primarily concerned with identifying indigenous flora educational biodiversity resource that is contained within the assets and planted native and/or exotic habitat elements. photo library and that its ready access should be available The emphasis is upon identifying habitat for indigenous fauna, within Council. This project may require the involvement of a rather than upon surveying for indigenous fauna species, as range of Council departments. this is an ongoing process that relies on both long-term field surveys and incidental observations. Some information on threatened fauna species, obtained from both field surveys and incidental observations is currently available. Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 29

Eastern Yellow Robin 30 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

to be initiated and maintained. This would also involve the elimination of pest animals which can be distasteful to some people. Hollows management may include the installation of artificial hollows in the form of nest boxes. There are a multitude of next boxes available for different fauna species. Nest boxes require on-going and regular maintenance and inspection for pest animals, ant infestations and structural soundness. The time and personnel required to undertake regular inspections and maintenance needs to be provided in an on- going budget. If there is no budget provision for the project then it should not proceed, as ceasing inspections and maintenance will result in the loss of individual indigenous Southern Brown Tree-Frog fauna species. Such a project may possibly be undertaken by volunteers but it would require regular management, health and safety oversight, administration and coordination through Council. The list of known threatened fauna species (provided through previous field surveys submitted to the Viridans database; the Atlas of Victorian Wildlife) within Whitehorse is provided in 9.4 Appendix 8. As this list is compiled from various field surveys undertaken since the beginning of the 1900s, it is likely that Biodiversity and Water some (or many) of the threatened fauna species listed in Management Actions Appendix 8 will now be locally extinct in the Whitehorse area. Initially, anecdotal information provided by consultants, An emphasis on Water Sensitive Urban Design (WSUD) Council staff and community members will be used to projects has been determined to be critical for improving determine if this list contains fauna species that are now biodiversity outcomes across the municipality. WSUD is critical considered to be locally extinct within Whitehorse. for improving the water quality of the creeks, wetlands and Once a threatened fauna list has been verified, ParksWide can other waterways that occur within and that flow out of assess and develop management protocols to conserve and the municipality. potentially increase the viability and extent of these species. All indigenous fauna species utilise riparian habitat, most This would require the development of a specific threatened fauna species utilise it on a daily basis and the remaining few species management budget, which would need an on-going species utilise riparian habitat at least occasionally. Improving commitment. It is proposed that basic management guidelines water quality improves a necessary resource for indigenous for each species could be developed that are generic, and then fauna species, which will then improve overall Whitehorse developed for each particular reserve/habitat if there are any biodiversity values. special requirements. It is acknowledged that while water management is A list of current known threatened fauna species provided important to biodiversity conservation and management, through previous field surveys (submitted to the Viridans it also impacts on other aspects of Council business, and as database; the Atlas of Victorian Wildlife) within Whitehorse is such is managed across various departments. Any projects that provided in Appendix 8. relate to water management for biodiversity, will involve other Council departments and also potentially Melbourne Water. While it is important that the need for water management 9.3.3 and WSUD to improve biodiversity outcomes is outlined within Hollows Management the Whitehorse Biodiversity Strategy, it also needs to be acknowledged that the development of biodiversity focused A hollows management project would involve the water management projects or actions has identification and mapping of hollows habitat across the significant challenges. municipality. Once the location of hollows is confirmed, The images of Whitehorse in Figures 2 and 3 broadly surveys could be undertaken to determine what indigenous depict a number of waterways across the municipality that fauna species utilise which hollows, and what the breeding no longer exist above ground. Many of these waterways, or success rates are. The surveys would also determine what other sections of them, have been diverted into pipes in the past. pest animal species utilise the hollows. Pest animal species can This includes major streams that Melbourne Water manages, include exotic birds, wasps and feral bees. and the tributaries that feed into these streams and are part of To ensure these hollows were available for indigenous the Council managed stormwater system. fauna, regular on-going monitoring of all hollows would have Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 31

9.4.1 The ‘daylighting’ of major waterways is a significant undertaking requiring capital expenditure. As these waterways Water Sensitive Urban Design are generally managed by Melbourne Water, they are therefore not an asset over which Council has control. The Inventory of The introduction of WSUD potentially including ‘daylighting’ Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat will identify of strategic waterways is one of a number of projects that are local catchment waterways over which Council does have proposed within the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy, management responsibility and these may be considered for which ranges from one-off actions to on-going actions. suitable treatments. This action is dependent on the Inventory of Whitehorse In addition to ‘daylighting’, a range of other WSUD Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat and the corresponding opportunities with environmental benefits may be considered Biodiversity Corridor Plan and List of Whitehorse Biodiversity for sites. WSUD options, subject to site specific factors, Hotspots having been completed. Mapping would assist in potentially include raingardens, wetlands and open swales. identifying strategic waterways that should be investigated Waterways and drainage infrastructure that may be for daylighting. This would produce a list of suitable barrel identified for ‘daylighting’ or other WSUD treatments, would drained waterways that could be ‘daylighted’ or otherwise be subjected to engineering assessment, to determine managed structurally for biodiversity enhancement purposes.

Blackburn Lake Sanctuary 32 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

the feasibility of undertaking WSUD works. In addition to biodiversity benefits, other considerations include land use 9.5 within the catchment, pipe size, access for installation and Examples of Biodiversity ongoing maintenance. If suitable waterways are identified, then further detailed work would be involved in planning, Education Strategies designing, funding and implementing WSUD treatments including ‘daylighting’. This is a long-term, on-going project. While the focus of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy is on undertaking targeted 9.4.2 achievable management actions that will have Litter Traps a direct impact it is acknowledged that focused community engagement or educational activities Litter traps are installed in waterways to remove pollutants and will be required in the longer-term, this is hazards for water based indigenous fauna such as wetland beyond the current scope of stabilising the public birds, water rats, frogs, aquatic insects and fish. Litter traps, Whitehorse biodiversity assets and urban to intercept pollutants, are only one element of a suite of habitat elements. interrelated water quality measures that also include education, enforcement, reviewing bin locations and other measures. Currently there are several litter traps installed across the The information provided below is an example of potential municipality in various waterways. community educational/engagement activities that could be An on-going funding program for litter traps is undertaken in the longer term: presently supported by Council. This program has been ›› General educational material (redevelopment of indigenous developed following an assessment of strategic waterways plant booklet, parkland maps, flora and flora posters, and catchments for protection in Council’s Stormwater specific information for adjoining residents, weed education Management Plan. The identification of the strategic program, etc.) waterways and catchments, where installing litter traps would ›› Investigate a variety of other education strategies such as make a specific positive contribution to the conservation open days, competitions, and school programs: and management of Whitehorse biodiversity would be a refinement and continuation of the present program. If litter ›› Expanded education programs based on the Blackburn Lake trap funding is continued on an on-going basis, input into the Sanctuary Education Program process of site selection is necessary to obtain the maximum ›› Integration with Council’s broader sustainability programs biodiversity outcome. Biodiversity is a consideration, as for ›› Investigate neighbouring councils programs and incorporate the undertaking of WSUD works, which can be planned where appropriate. Share resources and knowledge and for in the design and construction of litter traps and where operate regionally where applicable possible priority biodiversity locations can be targeted. Ideally ›› Create a [email protected] email address, monitoring should be incorporated into the installation for residents to address biodiversity identification and of these strategic litter traps to ensure they are providing management issues maximum biodiversity benefits. ›› Initiate a Whitehorse biodiversity website and/or newsletters ›› Create a Whitehorse biodiversity ‘welcome pack’ for new residents ›› Create stronger programs with schools to educate improvements of schools grounds, especially those next to existing bushland.

Peacock Jumping Spider Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 33

9.6 Project Time Frame Medium Short Term Long Term Term (1–2 Years) (5–10 Years) Timeframes (3–4 Years) The biodiversity actions presented in Section 9 have been Vegetation management plans for selected as the most appropriate actions that Council can • large tracts of land with undertake to maintain and potentially improve upon the alternative uses existing public Whitehorse biodiversity assets and urban Community reporting habitat contained with community open space. Table 4 and data gathering • presents the projected timeframes for undertaking these Flora and fauna photos • actions. The information presented in Table 4 will form a Threatened flora species component of monitoring the status of the actions (not management • commenced, on-going or completed) and for tracking the Threatened fauna • implementation of proposed actions, for the Whitehorse species management Urban Biodiversity Strategy review in 2024. Hollows management • project Table 4. Biodiversity Actions including Timeframes Biodiversity Project Time Frame engagement – logos • and signage Medium Short Term Long Term Development of Term • (1–2 Years) (5–10 Years) monitoring program (3–4 Years) Water sensitive urban • • • Development of a design Canopy Management • Policy Litter traps • • • Identify potential extension areas of • bushland regeneration

Threatened flora species list •

Identify experimental management practices •

Work with other authorities to improve • Whitehorse biodiversity

Woody weed management •

Volunteer management • framework Council operational • processes and policies Parks design •

Biodiversity inductions •

Ground level habitat/ coarse woody material • fuel reduction Guidelines Expand the existing infill tree planting program to improve • canopy cover

Biodiversity research liaison committee •

Development of an Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and • Urban Habitat

List of ‘Biodiversity • Hotspots’ Tau Emerald Dragonfly Develop a biodiversity corridors plan •

Identify potential ‘no mow’ areas • 34 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Stones to Improving Public Whitehorse Biodiversity Report. 10. Specific monitoring measures for individual actions will, where available, be evaluated and also presented in this annual Monitoring, Evaluation and report. It is envisaged that detailed monitoring and assessment Reporting will increase over time as actions bed in, and further actions are rolled out. Refinements to any monitoring measures will The Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy has been prepared be outlined in the Annual Stepping Stones to Improving Public to address the conservation and management of biodiversity Whitehorse Biodiversity Report. within Whitehorse. The purpose is to define, document and direct the conservation and management of Whitehorse’s biodiversity. To enable the outcomes of various specific The principles that underpin the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity monitoring activities to be blended into an overall Strategy and the objectives for biodiversity outcomes (refer to assessment of the health of Whitehorse biodiversity Section 6) over the next decade are reflected in the biodiversity it will be necessary to review the various actions that are presented in Section 9 of the strategy. monitoring components in the longer term. It is necessary, however, to develop a mechanism for measuring outcomes, and improvement in the conservation To this end a specific action has been included in Section and management of Whitehorse’s public biodiversity assets 9 to enable a suitable process to be developed with the and urban habitat. There are three aspects to providing a benefit of accumulated data collection and specific outcomes mechanism for accountability of outcomes: from actions. The most important measure involved with ›› Monitoring specific aspects of the actual Whitehorse Urban monitoring, evaluating and reporting is to identify that: Biodiversity Strategy including the biodiversity actions and Whitehorse’s public biodiversity assets and urban habitat are Whitehorse biodiversity more generally being conserved, managed and improved/increased. ›› Evaluating the success or failure of specific aspects, and the Less tangible measures include: general health of Whitehorse biodiversity ›› Are Whitehorse residents becoming engaged with their ›› Reporting on the outcomes of the strategy including public biodiversity? the biodiversity actions and the health of Whitehorse ›› The importance of water and riparian land in conserving biodiversity generally, in community open space. biodiversity becoming a Council-wide focus This strategy is the first Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity ›› Corridor planning has considered connectivity across the Strategy to be prepared therefore there are no standard municipality, and with neighbouring municipalities. benchmarks or comprehensive data for monitoring, assessment and reporting purposes, i.e. what indicators should be measured, what will they be compared with and how can conclusions be formed? Until the strategy has been implemented to a significant degree and specific actions are rolled out, it is not possible to detail specific monitoring and evaluation programs that will be implemented as an action of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy. The design and development phase of the actions as identified in Section 9 will necessarily involve the development of detailed measures appropriate to specific actions. Over time, data on measures will be gathered and assessments undertaken and reported. A range of monitoring methods have been identified for bushland parks through the key performance indicator program which was specifically designed for bushland sites. This program includes measures such as habitat hectare assessments, flora surveys, quadrats, bird surveys and vegetation action plan reviews. These measures rely on comparisons over time to determine if the outcomes are improving or declining. Reporting will generally be addressed within the Annual Stepping Stones to Improving Public Whitehorse Biodiversity Report. The focus of this report in earlier years will be monitoring, assessing and reporting on the implementation of the Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy. A template is provided in Appendix 9 to report on the implementation of the Strategy, this will form part of the Annual Stepping Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 35

Rainbow Lorikeet 36 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

References Appendix 1 – Biodiversity ›› Australian Government, Department of the Environment Related Policy and Legislation (online). Biodiversity Hotspots. (Site accessed 29/01/2014). www.environment.gov.au/topics/biodiversity/biodiversity- Policies and Strategies conservation/biodiversity-hotspots Victoria ›› Brimbank City Council (2012). Brimbank Biodiversity Biodiversity Assessment Guidelines (2013) Strategy 2012-2022. Prepared by the Environment Growing Victoria Together Department; Brimbank City Council. Invasive Plants and Animals Policy Framework ›› Brimbank City Council (2011). Draft Brimbank Biodiversity Living with Fire: Victoria’s Bushfire Strategy Strategy Technical Reference. Prepared by the Environment Our Environment Our Future – Sustainability Action Department; Brimbank City Council. Statement 2006 ›› City of Boroondara (2013). Urban Biodiversity Strategy Our Forests, Our Future − Balancing Communities, Jobs 2013–2023. Prepared by the Environment and Sustainable and the Environment Living Department, City of Boroondara. Our Water Our Future ›› Whitehorse City Council. About Whitehorse; Our History. Our Water Our Future: The Next Stage of the Government’s Website accessed 05/03/2014. http://www.whitehorse.vic. Water Plan gov.au/About-Whitehorse.html Regional Catchment Strategies Securing Our Natural Future – Victoria’s Land and Biodiversity ›› Commonwealth of Australia (2010). Australia’s Biodiversity White Paper (2009) Conservation Strategy 2010–2030. Prepared by the National Sustainability Charter for Victoria’s State Forests Biodiversity Strategy Review Task Group convened under Sustainable Water Strategies the Natural Resource Management Ministerial Council, Victorian Greenhouse Strategy October 2010 (Accessed online 10/01/2014) www. Victorian Greenhouse Strategy environment.gov.au/resource/australias-biodiversity- Victorian Pest Management – A Framework for Action conservation-strategy Victorian River Health Strategy ›› DEPI online. Bioregion Descriptions. Accessed on Victoria’s Salinity Management Framework 06/03/2014: www.dse.vic.gov.au/conservation-and- environment/ecological-vegetation-class-evc-benchmarks- Commonwealth and National by-bioregion#gipp Australian Pest Animal Strategy ›› DSE (2004). EVC/Bioregion Benchmark for Vegetation Australian Weeds Strategy Quality Assessment Australia’s Biodiversity Conservation Strategy ›› Knox City Council and Knox Environment Society (2008). Australia’s Biodiversity Conservation Strategy Gardens for Wildlife. Booklet prepared for Knox residents. (consultation draft) Australia’s Strategy for the National Reserve System ›› New World Encyclopaedia (online). Biodiversity. (Accessed Council of Australian Governments Water Reform Framework online 10/01/2014). (www.newworldencyclopedia.org/ Directions for the National Reserve System − A Partnership entry/Biodiversity) Approach ›› O’Malley A (2013). Whitehorse Bushland Reserves Bushland Framework for a National Cooperative Approach to Integrated Management Works – KPIs Monitoring Manual May 2013. Coastal Zone Management Prepared by Practical Ecology Pty Ltd for the Whitehorse Intergovernmental Agreement on the Environment City Council. National Action Plan on Salinity and Water Quality ›› Smedley K (2012). City of Whitehorse Bushland National Approach to Firewood Collection and Use in Australia Management Monitoring Framework 2012. Prepared by National Biodiversity and Climate Change Action Plan Practical Ecology Pty Ltd for the Whitehorse City Council. National Conservation Strategy for Australia ›› Wells M (2012). The Need for a Biodiversity Strategy and National Framework for Environmental Management Systems Action Plan; Whitehorse City Council. Internal document in Australian Agriculture prepared for Whitehorse City Council. National Framework for the Management and Monitoring of Australia’s Native Vegetation ›› Wikipedia (online). Biodiversity. (Assessed online National Framework for NRM Standards and Targets 10/01/2014). http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiversity National Forest Statement National Local Government Biodiversity Strategy National Objectives and Targets for Biodiversity Conservation National Strategy for the Conservation of Australia’s Biological Diversity National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development National Strategy for the Conservation of Australia’s Biological Diversity Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 37

National Water Initiative Quarantine Act 1908 National Water Quality Management Strategy Regional Forest Agreements Act 2002 Wetlands Policy of the Commonwealth Government of Water Act 2007 Australia Codes of Practice International Victoria Convention Concerning the Protection of the World Cultural Code of Practice for Fire Management on Public Land 2006 and Natural Heritage (World Heritage Convention) Convention for the Protection of the Natural Resources and Environment of the South Pacific (SPREP) Appendix 2 – Whitehorse Policies Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) And Strategies Convention on Conservation of Nature in the South Pacific (Apia Convention) Council’s Vision for Whitehorse 2013-2023 states that Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Whitehorse will continue to ‘be’ a vibrant, active community; Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES) boast a regionally significant economy; be recognised as the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living most liveable part of Melbourne; and become a leader in Resources (CCAMLR) sustainable practices.’ It details the goals and aspirations for Rio Declaration on Environment and Development the future of the Whitehorse community through five key United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity strategic directions including: United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change ›› Support a healthy, vibrant, inclusive and diverse community. (UNFCCC) ›› Maintain and enhance our built environment to ensure a Kyoto Protocol to the UNFCCC liveable and sustainable city.

Legislation ›› Protect and enhance our open spaces and natural environments. Victoria ›› Strategic leadership and open and accessible government. Biological Control Act 1986 ›› Support a healthy local economy. Catchment and Land Protection Act 1994 While the protection and enhancement of biodiversity Commissioner for Environmental Sustainability Act 2003 would strengthen Council’s ability to achieve its aim of Conservation, Forests and Lands Act 1987 creating a liveable and sustainable city; biodiversity is largely Constitutions Act 1975 addressed in its aim of protecting and enhancing open space Corporations Act 2001 environments which includes: Crown Land (Reserves) Act 1978 Domestic (Feral and Nuisance) Animals Act 1994 ›› Improving the City’s major open spaces. Environmental Effects Act 1978 ›› Creating green corridors between bushland areas. Environment Protection Act 1970 ›› Retaining, planning and improving the valuable local small Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act 1988 open spaces. Forestry Rights Act 1958 ›› Lobbying for conversion of unused public land into open Forests Act 1958 spaces. Land Act 1958 ›› Retaining and expanding existing tree canopy. Land Acquisition and Compensation Act 1986 Local Government Act 1989 ›› Education for the community that values the natural Parks Victoria Act 1998 environment, indigenous flora and fauna. Planning and Environment Act 1987 (and the Victorian ›› Supporting and encouraging community groups in their Planning Provisions) participation for the care and improvement of open spaces. Prevention of Cruelty to Animals Act 1986 A number of key strategies have been adopted to accelerate Reference Areas Act 1978 Whitehorse’s commitment to achieving environmental Road Management Act 2004 sustainability. Changes in biodiversity are almost always caused Sustainable Forests (Timber) Act 2004 by multiple, interacting influences that work over time. The Victorian Environment Assessment Council Act 2001 main drivers for loss of biodiversity are: Water Act 1989 ›› Increased habitat loss Water Industry Act 1994 ›› Fragmentation and degradation Wildlife Act 1975 ›› Introduction of invasive species Commonwealth ›› Changed aquatic environment and water flows Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation ›› Changed fire regimes Act 1999 ›› Climate change Native Title Act 1993 Natural Heritage Trust of Australia Act 1997 Codes of Practice 38 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Whitehorse City Council has core functions that have a direct throughout the City. The protection and provision of open impact on native vegetation biodiversity which include land space was considered important. It has been suggested that use planning, granting development approvals, owning and a biodiversity policy/strategy is required to address ecology managing parks and reserves and managing risks. Whitehorse management aspects.” (Whitehorse City Council, 2010, p. 26, City Council uses its position to: 57, 61). ›› Regulate land use to enhance biodiversity The Municipal Strategic Statement Clause 21.05 ›› Utilise available powers to influence community behaviour states: Council’s Whitehorse EcoVision for Ecological through implementing biodiversity friendly regulations and Sustainability identifies a wide range of existing and future planning provisions. For example by enforcing community programs which Council is committed to including those law 39 which does not permit any landowner to have associated with renewable energy; energy audits; biodiversity vermin or noxious weeds on their land without a permit protection; recycling; waste reduction; water conservation; (Whitehorse City Council, 2006) water quality; sustainable transport; air quality; and human services. These programs and others are aimed at the City ›› Promote and demonstrate environmentally, ecologically and achieving ecological sustainability which is a fundamental socially responsible behaviour principle to be implemented by the land use planning system. ›› Offer community education programs and staff training Ecological sustainable development is “using, conserving ›› Provide incentives for sustainable natural resource and enhancing the community’s resources so that ecological management on private land. processes, on which life depends, are maintained, and the Council has the ability to influence these factors including total quality of life, now and in the future, can be increased” the statutory planning system. There are many strategies; (National Strategy for Ecological Sustainable Development policies and plans in place that impact on biodiversity. 1992 [NSESD]). Connections between these documents and the various One of the key objectives of the Whitehorse Planning relevant biodiversity issues and actions could be improved. Schemes is to facilitate environmental protection and Crucial documents are the Whitehorse City Council Statement improvements to known assets including water, flora, fauna and Council Plan, Planning Scheme, Sustainability Strategy and and biodiversity assets. The Department of Planning and EcoVision, Open Space Strategy, Streetscape Strategy along Community Development insists that Planning Schemes in with Individual Park and Reserve Management Plans. Victoria must seek to achieve the following relevant objectives as set out in Section 4(1) of the Planning and Environment Act Whitehorse City Council Plan 2013–2017 1987. These objectives are: The main role of the planning system in protecting and ›› To provide for the fair, orderly, economic and sustainable enhancing biodiversity is to set in place a comprehensive use and development of land. framework of policy and controls to guide decision making ›› To provide for the protection of natural and man-made regarding new use and development through planning resources and the maintenance of ecological processes and schemes. A National and State policy framework for genetic diversity. biodiversity is established and set out in the State Planning ›› To balance the present and future interests of all Victorians. Policy Framework (SPPF) of all planning schemes. According to the Council Plan, “We aspire to be an Whitehorse Sustainability Strategy 2008–2013 inclusive, vibrant, prosperous and sustainable community”. The key objectives are: Strategic direction 3 is “To protect and enhance our open space and natural environments”, and the strategic objective ›› Reduce Council’s ecological footprint (through resource is to “Increase in the amount of quality open space and efficiencies, addressing climate change, water supply issues improvement in the sustainability of our natural environment. and protecting natural habitat) Council aims to achieve this through the following strategies: ›› Provide leadership in environmental sustainability, in our ›› Continue to develop a municipality which retains, enhances community and in our workplace and increases open space and sustainable streetscapes. ›› Facilitate sustainable behaviour change across the ›› Identify environmental priorities that preserve biodiversity. Whitehorse community ›› Consider and plan for climate change impacts on our ›› Engage, educate and empower the Whitehorse community natural environment. to ensure its sustainability into the future ›› Community education and awareness programs to raise ›› Deliver current and future Council services so they are awareness of the benefits of trees and vegetation in an sustainable urban environment. ›› Manage all Council assets in a sustainable manner, ›› Enhance Council’s tree planting program. including the renewal of existing assets In the Review of the Whitehorse Planning Scheme 2010 ›› Advocate for sustainable initiatives and improvements Report, biodiversity issues were identified by residents as an on behalf of the community to government and non- important aspect for consideration within the plan; “residents government organisations felt that there needed to be a greater emphasis on vegetation ›› Provide financial sustainability in Council operations. retention and the expansion of biodiversity corridors Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 39

Within this strategy greater biodiversity is listed as a who want to grow indigenous plants (i.e. plant species that “clear benefit” resulting from the implementation of the grew in the municipality prior to European settlement). Sustainability Strategy (WCC 2008, p.10). The Whitehorse Indigenous plants have adapted to soil types and weather Sustainability Report 2010-2011 reiterates the need to patterns of specific areas, which means they grow better and protect and enhance biodiversity. Due to the complexity nature have greater disease resistance. Indigenous plantings assist of issues that impact on biodiversity, there is an opportunity in maintaining biodiversity by preventing the loss of genetic here to develop a robust monitoring and evaluation plan which diversity, ensuring the ability of local species to continue to includes the collection of baseline data. Ongoing monitoring evolve and by restoring local habitats and ecosystems. and analysis would enable Council to be able to make strong Other relevant documents sit within ParksWide, Parks, links between its actions and effectiveness at preserving and Planning and Recreation, Community Laws, Engineering and enhancing biodiversity. As a fundamental aspect of ecological Environmental Services, Planning and Communications which sustainability, biodiversity provides ecosystems with resilience all have policies; plans and strategies that could play a role and adaptability. Therefore monitoring and evaluation plan in conserving biodiversity. Some of these are: of biodiversity would also strengthen Councils ability to ›› Climate Change Adaptation Plan 2011 make stronger and more direct claims to its effectiveness of ›› EcoVision 2008-2013 achieving sustainability. ›› Energy Action Plan 2009-2014 The Whitehorse Sustainability Strategy (WSS) identifies the need to,” …develop further biodiversity planning to ensure ›› Water Action Plan 2008-2013 connectivity of open space and biodiversity” and calls for an ›› Waste Management Plan 2011-2016 updated Municipal Strategic Statement to include stronger ›› Integrated Transport Strategy (Reviewed 2011) biodiversity protection and enhancement provisions. ›› Road Safety Strategy 2013 The Open Space Strategy recommends the development of a Biodiversity Strategy as high priority (Whitehorse City ›› Whitehorse Bicycle Strategy Draft Report 2007 Council 2008, p.70). In Part 1, Section 6.2.1 Recommendation ›› Housing and Neighbourhood Character Review 2013 6.2.1.1: ›› Health and Wellbeing in Whitehorse 2013-2017 ›› Prepare a Biodiversity Strategy for public open space ›› Whitehorse City Council Community Law No.1 2006 in Whitehorse to establish an overall framework for ›› Asset Management Strategy 2012 development of individual Vegetation Management Plans or actions for each bushland area or waterway. ›› Open Space Asset Management Plan (Draft 2014) This Strategy will consider the adjoining land and corridor These documents have implications on biodiversity. values; however, its focus and recommendations will be There is the potential within such documents to acknowledge on public land. these links or develop plans to address biodiversity issues. This recommendation was identified as “high priority” to be For example, The Climate Change Adaption Plan could include carried out by Council (Open Space Planning and ParksWide) an analysis and action plan that addresses the potential impact as lead agency with input from Melbourne Water, Parks Vic that climate change has on natural ecosystems. Climate change and Vic Roads. will compound the other issues facing the natural areas within Individual Park and Reserve Management Plans are Whitehorse. It is likely that, increased intensity and frequency used by ParksWide Department to carry out operational tasks of storms will make the river and creek systems (drainage in the management of Biodiversity assets. ParksWide maintains system) more vulnerable to erosion, and the lakes and dams bushland through specialist contractors and in-house bushland prone to sedimentation (Dept. of Sustainability, Environment, teams. A Biodiversity Strategy would facilitate a coordinated Water, Population, and Communities 2010, p.20). Longer approach to promote the conservation of biodiversity within hotter summers may strain already drought-stressed plants the various parks, reserves and waterways. and could lead to more wildfires. These are issues that affect There are a number of existing Council reference both biodiversity and land management requirements. documents that impact Biodiversity management: ›› Site specific Master Plans Appendix 3 ›› Vegetation Management Action Plans Whitehorse‘s Biodiversity Categories ›› Bushland Reserves Fire Management Strategy 2010 Whitehorse’s biodiversity assets encompass a broad spectrum ›› Site specific Fire Management Plans of categories that range from ‘biologically diverse’ examples ›› Open Space Strategy (such as bushland reserves, patches of bushland or wetlands), ›› Streetscape Policy and Strategy to singular items of biodiversity (such as Large Old remnant Master Plans and Management Plans exist for various eucalypts growing in isolation within formal parks). parks, reserves and gardens. As such documents are being Biodiversity assets also include exotic and/or planted updated there is an opportunity to strengthen specific aims, large old trees that provide habitat for indigenous fauna. objectives and actions related to biodiversity. Determining biodiversity categories expands potential Council’s Whitehorse Mapping GIS Online system provides biodiversity assets into single categories that assist in ‘breaking indigenous flora lists for contractors, consultants and residents down’ and illustrating the complexity of defining, identifying 40 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

and managing biodiversity. Prior to compiling the database, Appendix 4 – the categories of biodiversity assets need to be defined. Whitehorse EVC Descriptions Potential categories could include: Descriptions of the Ecological Vegetation Classes (EVCs) Bushland parks recorded within Whitehorse are presented below in order What EVCs? from the most to least dominant (in terms of original What remnant trees belong to which EVC? coverage) EVCs.

Open space including that containing remnant vegetation 1. EVC 127: Valley Heathy Forest (80% approximate Remnant trees? original coverage Other indigenous vegetation (ie: shrubs) of Whitehorse) Potential patches of indigenous grasses 2. EVC 47: Valley Grassy Forest (9%)

Large old indigenous trees (defined by diameter at 3. EVC 175: Grassy Woodland (4%) breast height) Open space 4. EVC 83: Swampy Riparian (3%) Bushland Woodland Street scapes 5. EVC 164: Creekline Herb-rich (2%) Other community facilities Woodland 6. EVC 126: Swampy Riparian (1%) Indigenous canopy trees Complex Open space 7. EVC 55: Plains Grassy (1%) Street scapes Woodland Other community facilities

Large old exotic and native trees (trees of significance, EVC 127: Valley Heathy Forest and other trees?) 5120ha (approximately); or Streetscapes Original Total Area (ha) around 80 per cent original Open space coverage of Whitehorse Other community facilities 58ha Area now remaining (ha) Private trees may be incorporated at a later date Conservation Status Endangered Street trees Native (not indigenous) A low, open forest with a sedgy/grassy understorey with Planted nature strips a component of small ericoid Median strips shrubs and grass-trees. It is diverse and somewhat variable in structure and floristics across its range, partially Revegetation beds Description as a result of conservation What are the biodiversity values? management history. It is How would you ‘rate’ it to judge whether it has any believed to have occupied a large proportion of the low biodiversity values or not? plateau-like area of outer eastern Melbourne. It is now largely Linear reserves/corridors cleared with few intact remnants. What other linear corridors exist in Whitehorse? Altitude 40-300m Bicycle/walking trails Gently undulating lower slopes Topography and valley floors.

Creeks/riparian strips Geology Silurian and Devonian sediments. Gardiners Creek Loams and clays often with Koonung Creek underlying impeded drainage, Soils Bushy Creek but dry in summer. Mullum Mullum Creek Dandenong Creek Isolated remnants scattered throughout eastern Melbourne, Present distribution Numerous smaller tributaries mainly from Dandenong through Wetlands Nunawading and Kilsyth. Blackburn Lake Sanctuary Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 41

Floristics Scattered through Yan Yean, Hurstbridge, Eltham, The overstorey comprises various combinations of Yellow Box Present distribution Warrandyte, Eucalyptus melliodora or Bundy Eucalyptus goniocalyx with Silverleaf Kilsyth, Lysterfield and Stringybark Eucalyptus cephalocarpa, Messmate Eucalyptus obliqua Beaconsfield areas. and Narrow-leaf Peppermint Eucalyptus radiata (or Red Stringybark Floristics Eucalyptus macrorhyncha and Red Box Eucalyptus polyanthemos subsp. vestita in drier sites). Shrub layer varies and often reflects The overstorey is usually dominated by Candlebark Eucalyptus rubida management history and can be virtually non-existent in some and Yellow Box Eucalyptus melliodora, sometimes with Narrow-leaf examples. Common species include Black Wattle Acacia mearnsii, Peppermint Eucalyptus radiata and Messmate Eucalyptus obliqua Spreading Wattle Acacia genistifolia, Myrtle Wattle Acacia myrtifolia in moister sites (along gradient into Herb-rich Foothill Forest), or and Prickly Tea-tree Leptospermum continentale. The ground layer Red Stringybark Eucalyptus macrorhyncha and Bundy Eucalyptus is diverse, and in relatively intact examples, is grassy/sedgy and goniocalyx in drier sites (along gradient into Grassy Dry Forest). herb-rich, with a range of ericoid shrubs. Many of the species are Red Box Eucalyptus polyanthemos is usually absent except in narrow shared with Valley Grassy Forest and Grassy Dry Forest, while some ecotonal sites within Grassy Dry Forest. A range of Acacia species of have affiliations with Heathy Woodland or Lowland Forest. Common dry forest/woodland habitats can be present including Black Wattle species include Kangaroo Grass Themeda triandra, Weeping Grass Acacia mearnsii, Golden Wattle Acacia pycnantha, Lightwood Acacia Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides, Thatch Saw-sedge Gahnia radula, implexa and Hedge Wattle Acacia paradoxa. Blackwood Acacia Small Grass-tree Xanthorrhoea minor, Cranberry Heath Astroloma melanoxylon. Cherry Ballart Exocarpus cupressiformis and Cassinia humifusum, Honey-pots Acrotriche serrulata, Silvertop Wallaby-grass spp. may also occur. The ground layer of relatively intact examples is Joycea pallida, Reed Bent-grass Deyeuxia quadriseta, Grass Trigger- diverse, grassy, and rich in herbs and geophytes. plant Stylidium sp. 2, Yam Daisy Microseris scapigera spp. agg. and Dominant grass species include Kangaroo Grass Themeda triandra, Variable Sword-sedge Lepidosperma laterale. Weeping Grass Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides, Veined Spear-grass Austrostipa rudis, Wallaby-grasses Austrodanthonia spp. and Grey Low open forest, understorey Tussock-grass Poa sieberiana. sedgy/grassy, with component of Structure Other species include Grass Lily Caesia spp., Sheep’s Burr Acaena small ericoid shrubs and grass- echinata, Milkmaids Burchardia umbellata, Chocolate Lily trees. Arthropodium strictum s.l., Kidney-weed Dichondra repens, Milkmaids Burchardia umbellata, Austral Bear’s Ears Cymbonotus Additional Comments preissianus, Small-leaved Clematis Clematis microphylla, Pale Vanilla- lily Arthropodium milleflorum, Tall Sundew Drosera peltata subsp. Valley Heathy Forest represents vegetation that is transitional peltata, Finger Rush Juncus subsecundus and Australian Buttercup between various forms of Lowland Forest or Heathy Woodland and Ranunculus lappaceus. Valley Grassy Forest/Grassy Dry Forest. A range of species, presumed formerly widespread within this EVC Soil and moisture factors are critical in delimiting the vegetation. are now rare components eg. Matted Flax-lily Dianella amoena, It consists of a combination of ericoid and sclerophyllous species Showy Podolepis Podolepis jaceoides, Hound’s Tongue Cynoglossum normally associated with lower nutrient sites in EVCs such as Grassy suaveolens, Yam Daisy Microseris scapigera spp. agg., Variable Billy Dry Forest. Buttons Craspedia variabilis, Rough Burr-daisy Calotis scabiosifolia, It also has a diversity of grasses and herbs associated with more fertile Pink Bindweed Convolvulus erubescens, Small-leaf Glycine Glycine soils of Valley Grassy Forest sites. microphylla, Clover Glycine Glycine latrobeana and Slender Tick-foil On the higher rainfall eastern edge of the study area, Valley Heathy Desmodium varians. Forest merges into Lowland Forest. It is much smaller in stature than Lowland Forest and lacks the Woodland (to open forest), with abundance of wire-grasses and Proteaceae species of the latter. understorey variously with a Further sampling and analysis are required to clarify its status. Structure component of shrubs and small trees, but primarily grassy and herb rich in relatively intact remnants.

EVC 47: Valley Grassy Forest Additional Comments

576ha (approximately); or around Valley Grassy Forest has a floristic composition intermediate between Original Total Area (ha) 9per cent original coverage of Herb-rich Foothill Forest on the damper sites and Grassy Dry Forest on Whitehorse the drier sites. It has a drier suite of species and a more open canopy than Herb-rich Foothill Forest and more species characteristic of Area now remaining (ha) 12ha fertile soils than are present in Grassy Dry Forest. Mesic shrubs in Valley Grassy Forest are absent except in atypical Conservation Status Vulnerable situations such as seepage gullies. It has affinities with Plains Grassy Woodland which is normally found on slightly more fertile soils and in The tall, open overstorey consists less mesic situations. of a variety of eucalypts, usually species that prefer moister or more fertile conditions, over a sparse shrub cover. In season, a EVC 175: Grassy Woodland rich array of herbs, lilies, grasses Description 256ha (approximately); or around and sedges dominate the ground Original Total Area (ha) 4 per cent original coverage of layer but at the drier end of the Whitehorse spectrum the ground layer may be sparse and slightly less diverse, Area now remaining (ha) 1ha but with the moisture-loving species still remaining Conservation Status Endangered

Altitude 40-300m. A variable open eucalypt (or occasionally Sheoak) woodland over a diverse ground layer of Topography Lower slopes and gully floors. grasses and herbs. The shrub component is usually sparse. It Geology Mostly on Silurian sediments. occurs on sites with moderate Description fertility on plains or undulating hills on a range of geology. Relatively fertile loam to clay Soils Previously widespread and locally loams, sometimes sandy clays. extensive but now largely cleared for agriculture. Remnants are generally heavily grazed or altered by fire regimes. 42 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

20-100m south and east of EVC 83: Swampy Riparian Woodland Altitude Melbourne, 200-400m north-east of Melbourne. 192ha (approximately); or around Original Total Area (ha) 3 per cent original coverage of Topography Undulating to flat plain. Whitehorse Mainly Tertiary sediments but Area now remaining (ha) 22ha also Ordovician and Silurian Geology sediments and granite/ Conservation Status Endangered granodiorite. Once a common vegetation type Variable, ranging from duplex along broad drainage lines with soils to humic grey soils to slight gradients and on levees Soils ferruginous sands and sandy Description near streams, the EVC Swampy clays. Riparian Woodland has been largely altered, particularly by The main area of distribution drainage for agriculture. is the Mornington Peninsula and adjacent areas from Altitude 5-270m. about Seaford and Braeside Riparian zone of low gradient southward but also north-west streams, including levees and of Melbourne in the Sunbury Topography wetland systems associated and Toolern Vale areas, the with the verges of channels and coastal plain east of Westernport Present distribution ponds. Bay between Lang Lang and Bass, north of Inverloch and Geology Quaternary alluviums. Wonthaggi and Phillip Island. Examples of this EVC on the Soils Silt-rich river sands and gravels. Mornington Peninsula are at Mount Martha Park, Woods Low energy streams of the Reserve, Moorooduc South and coastal plains and lower Lorikeet Reserve, Mount Eliza. foothills inland from Port Phillip (Scotchmans Creek, Gardiners Floristics Creek and Ruffey Creek) to the Present distribution south-east of Melbourne and The overstorey is variously dominated by Drooping Sheoak Westernport Bays, Mornington Allocasuarina verticillata and Black Sheoak Allocasuarina littoralis Peninsula, Pakenham-Cardinia or eucalypt species eg. Narrow-leaf Peppermint Eucalyptus radiata, area, Kooweerup Swamp, and Coast Manna Gum Eucalyptus viminalis subsp. pryoriana, Snow Gum north-east of the study area. Eucalyptus pauciflora, Swamp Gum Eucalyptus ovata. Other eucalypts in more ecotonal habitats include Messmate Floristics Eucalyptus obliqua, Mealy Stringybark Eucalyptus cephalocarpa, Grey Box Eucalyptus microcarpa or Bundy Eucalyptus goniocalyx. The overstorey is dominated by Swamp Gum Eucalyptus ovata or in Other woody species variously include Black Wattle Acacia higher elevations Mountain Swamp Gum Eucalyptus camphora. mearnsii, Blackwood Acacia melanoxylon, Hedge Wattle Acacia The lower strata are variously locally dominated by Swamp Paperbark paradoxa, Cherry Ballart Exocarpus cupressiformis, Prickly Tea- Melaleuca ericifolia, Woolly Tea-tree Leptospermum lanigerum and tree Leptospermum continentale, Sweet Bursaria Bursaria spinosa, Common Reed Phragmites australis. A range of shrub species occurs Black Sheoak Allocasuarina littoralis, Common Flat-pea Platylobium on the stream levees (eg. Hop Goodenia Goodenia ovata, Sweet obtusangulum and Common Heath Epacris impressa. Bursaria Bursaria spinosa, Victorian Christmas-bush Prostanthera The very diverse ground cover variously includes Weeping Grass lasianthos, Wattles Acacia spp. and Hemp Bush Gynatrix pulchella), Microlaena stipoides var. stipoides, Kangaroo Grass Themeda in mixture with Spiny-headed Mat-rush Lomandra longifolia and triandra, Soft Tussock-grass Poa morrisii, Grey Tussock Grass Poa Common Tussock-grass Poa labillardierei. sieberiana, Velvet Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia pilosa, Bristly Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia setacea, Wetland Wallaby-grass Woodland occurring on stream Notodanthonia semiannularis, Reed Bent-grass Deyeuxia quadriseta, banks and including riparian Veined Spear-grass Austrostipa rudis, Milkmaids Burchardia Structure elements such as reeds, sedges, umbellata, Tall Sundew Drosera peltata subsp. auriculata, Ivy- rushes, tussock grasses and leaf Violet Viola hederacea subsp. hederacea, Yellow Rush-lily aquatic herbs. Tricoryne elatior, Chocolate Lily Arthropodium strictum, Kidney- weed Dichondra repens, Shade Raspwort Gonocarpus humilis, Common Raspwort Gonocarpus tetragynus, Variable Stinkweed This EVC is currently under- Opercularia varia, Common Rice-flower Pimelea humilis, Small sampled due to the lack of intact Poranthera Poranthera microphylla, Common Apple-berry Billardiera remnants. Swampy Riparian scandens, Love Creeper Comesperma volubile, Common Bottle- Woodland has some affinities daisy Lagenophora stipitata, Annual Fireweed Senecio glomeratus, with Riparian Forest but is found Honeypots Acrotriche serrulata, Spiny-headed Mat-rush Lomandra on lower gradient streams. longifolia, Wattle Mat-rush Lomandra filiformis, Black-anther Flax-lily The vegetation is almost a Dianella revoluta, Small Grass-tree Xanthorrhoea minor subsp. lutea, linear wetland bound by levees Austral Bracken Pteridium esculentum and Thatch Saw-sedge Gahnia and lacks the tall Manna Gum radula. Sweet Pittosporum Pittosporum undulatum is also often Eucalyptus viminalis subsp. viminalis overstorey and broad- present, outside its natural range. Additional Comments leaved shrub component of Woodland, open-woodland with Riparian Forest. It is also closely Structure grassy/herbaceous understorey. related to Swampy Woodland that occurs on swampy flats, sometimes adjacent to Swampy Riparian Woodland. Most forms of Swampy Woodland are rarely inundated by flood waters, but can be subject to seasonal waterlogging and temporary inundation from surface runoff. Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 43

EVC 164: Creekline Herb-rich Woodland EVC 126: Swampy Riparian Complex

128ha (approximately); or around 64ha (approximately); or around Original Total Area (ha) 2 per cent original coverage of Original Total Area (ha) 1 per cent original coverage of Whitehorse Whitehorse Area now remaining (ha) 19ha Area now remaining (ha) 5ha Conservation Status Edangered Conservation Status Endangered

A woodland of low-gradient Description swampy gullies with a grassy/ Description sedgy to rushy ground layer Swampy Riparian Complex occurs on poor drainage areas located in including a component of species topographically protected high rainfall country. associated with wetland habitats. The complex consists of emergent eucalypts over a shrub layer with a ground layer primarily ferny to sedgy in character, including mixtures of wet forest and poor-drainage species. Altitude 20-180m. This complex has previously been used in other study areas as a default unit to encompass a number of floristic entities such as Low-gradient swampy gullies Creekline Herb-rich Woodland, Swampy Woodland, Gully Woodland, within relatively open grassy Shrubby Gully Forest and Swamp Forest. Topography vegetation Overall, the composition and ecology of the vegetation types (usually in association with Valley included in Swampy Riparian Complex are poorly defined due to a Grassy Forest). lack of intact extant examples. For this study, Gully Woodland, Swampy Woodland, Creekline Herb- Geology Various. rich Woodland and Shrubby Gully Forest have been separated out, where possible. Swamp Forest has not been recorded from the study Soils Alluvial sands, silts and clays. area, but has been mapped (pre-1750) in the higher rainfall country in the Warragul area to the east.

Isolated patches at Mt. Martha and in the foothills north-east of Present distribution Melbourne (eg. Eltham – EVC 55-03: Gippsland Plains Grassy Woodland Hurstbridge area) 64ha (approximately); or around Floristics Original Total Area (ha) 1 per cent original coverage of Whitehorse The overstorey is dominated by Swamp Gum Eucalyptus ovata or Yarra Gum Eucalyptus yarraensis, with Candlebark Eucalyptus rubida Area now remaining (ha) ?ha also frequent in less boggy sites. A range of other eucalypt species such as Red Stringybark Eucalyptus Conservation Status Endangered macrorhyncha, Yellow Box Eucalyptus melliodora, Narrow-leaf Peppermint Eucalyptus radiata and Messmate Eucalyptus obliqua may An open, grassy eucalypt also be present.The understorey variously includes scattered shrubs woodland in low (mostly such as Blackwood Acacia melanoxylon, Silver Wattle Acacia dealbata, <700mm per annum) rainfall Sweet Bursaria Bursaria spinosa, Prickly Tea-tree Leptospermum areas occurring on fertile soils continentale and Burgan Kunzea ericoides. Species of the ground on flats and gently undulating layer include Common Tussock-grass Poa labillardierei, Soft Tussock- plains at low elevations. The grass Poa morrisii, Slender Tussock-grass Poa tenera, Common understorey consists of a few Maidenhair Adiantum aethiopicum, Bidgee-widgee Acaena novae- sparse shrubs over a diverse zelandiae, Centella Centella cordifolia, Austral Brooklime Gratiola grassy, herb-rich ground layer. peruviana, Joint-leaf Rush Juncus holoschoenus, Angled Lobelia Widespread and extensive in the Lobelia anceps, Prickfoot Eryngium vesiculosum and Lanky Goodenia past but has now been largely Goodenia elongata. Thatch Saw-sedge Gahnia radula and Austral cleared for agriculture, and more Bracken Pteridium esculentum are present at some sites. recently for urban development Description resulting in few relatively intact remnants remaining in the Woodland to open woodland Port Phillip/Westernport area. with a variable shrub component, Plains Grassy Woodland is a a grassy/sedgy (to rushy) ground Structure very variable EVC and includes layer with a component of a range of communities. The species affiliated with wetland original floristics of many is now habitats. conjectural. Within the study Additional Comments area there are at least three formally recognised floristic communities of Plains Grassy A range of the component herbaceous flora is now regionally very Woodland and undoubtedly rare to threatened in this habitat (eg Lanky Goodenia Goodenia others do exist. elongata, Prickfoot Eryngium vesiculosum, Pale Swamp Everlasting Helichrysum aff. rutidolepis (Lowland Swamps) and Billy-buttons Altitude 10-60m (Craspedia spp.). Creekline Herb-rich Woodland has become very restricted within the study area. Most sites are very weedy and Topography Undulating to flat plain. degraded and the above description is a collective interpretation based on chance survival of component species. Ecologically, Creekline Herb-rich Woodland is intermediate between Valley Grassy Geology Quaternary sediments. Forest and Riparian Forest/Swampy Riparian Woodland. Further Fertile, duplex consisting of sand sampling and analysis is required to clarify its status. Soils and silt or loam over clay.

South-east of Melbourne in the Keysborough-Dandenong- Present distribution Lyndhurst area. Also on the basalts of Phillip Island, French Island and the Corinella area. 44 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Floristics Brachytheciaceae Brachythecium salebrosum Smooth-stalk Feather-moss The overstorey is dominated by River Red Gum Eucalyptus camaldulensis with Black Wattle Acacia mearnsii and Blackwood Eurhynchium praelongum Common Feather-moss Acacia melanoxylon often present. Other trees include Rough-barked Rhynchostegiella muriculata Feather Moss Manna Gum Eucalyptus viminalis subsp. pryoriana, Drooping Sheoak Allocasuarina verticillata and Black Sheoak Allocasuarina littoralis. Rhynchostegium tenuifolium Feather Moss There may be scattered shrubs of Hedge Wattle Acacia paradoxa, with less common occurrences of Grey Parrot-pea Dillwynia Bryaceae cinerascens and Prickly Tea-tree Leptospermum continentale. Bryum s.l. spp. Thread Moss The ground layer is usually grassy and herbaceous with sedges and lilies also present. Frequent grasses are Weeping Grass Microlaena Gemmabryum dichotomum Broody Bryum stipoides var. stipoides, Kangaroo Grass Themeda triandra, Stiped Gemmabryum pachythecum Acorn-fruited Thread-moss Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia racemosa, Kneed Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia geniculata, Purplish Wallaby-grass Austrodanthonia Rosulabryum billarderi Common Thread-moss tenuior, Veined Spear-grass Austrostipa rudis, Common Tussock- Rosulabryum capillare Capillary Thread-moss grass Poa labillardierei, Common Love-grass Eragrostis brownii and Mat Grass Hemarthria uncinata. Other species include Common Ditrichaceae Bog sedge Schoenus apogon, Yellow Rush-lily Tricoryne elatior, Twining Fringe-lily Thysanotus patersonii, Vanilla-lilies Arthropodium Pleuridium nervosum Earth Moss spp., Sheep’s Burr Acaena agnipila, Scaly Buttons Leptorhynchos Fissidentaceae squamatus, Narrow Plantain Plantago gaudichaudii, Slender Bottle Daisy Lagenophora gracilis, Yellow Pennywort Hydrocotyle foveolata, Fissidens leptocladus Limestone Pocket-moss Kidney-weed Dichondra repens, Star Cudweed Euchiton involucratus, Fissidens taylorii Pygmy Pocket-moss Small Poranthera Poranthera microphylla and Trailing Speedwell Veronica plebeia. Narrow Rock Fern Cheilanthes sieberi is also Fissidens tenellus Tiny Pocket-moss sometimes present. Funariaceae Entosthodon apophysatus Cord Moss Woodland to open woodland Structure over a grassy and herbaceous Funaria hygrometrica Common Cord-moss ground layer. Hypnaceae Hypnum cupressiforme Common Plait-moss Additional Comments Hypopterygiaceae Few intact remnants remain due to the pressures of agriculture; housing and industrial development and most sites are Cyathophorum bulbosum False Fern Moss highly disturbed. Lembophyllaceae Lembophyllum divulsum Catkin Moss Leucobryaceae Appendix 5 – Campylopus australis Swan-neck Moss Whitehorse Indigenous Flora List Campylopus clavatus Broody Swan-neck Moss Rhynchostegiella muriculata Heath Star Moss The species listed below have been recorded in the Whitehorse Campylopus pyriformis Dwarf Swan-neck Moss municipality over many years and by numerous botanists and Orthotrichaceae other parties who have submitted their flora survey data. Orthotrichum tasmanicum var. Common Bristle-moss It is likely some of these records are old, and that some tasmanicum

of these species listed below are locally extinct. The records Polytrichaceae are also only as accurate as the plant identification skills of Dawsonia longiseta Small Dawsonia the surveyor, therefore it is likely some species will have been Polytrichum juniperinum Juniper Haircap misidentified (refer to Violaceae; Ivy-leaf Violet as an example) Polytrichum spp. Haircap Key: Pottiaceae # Denotes native species that have (or may) Barbula subcalycina Beard Moss become naturalised Tortula papillosa Screw Moss r, e, v Threatened species (in Victoria) Weissia controversa Green-tufted Stubble-moss E, V Threatened species (Federally listed under the Ptychomniaceae EPBC Act) Ptychomnion aciculare Paper Moss f Listed under the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act Sematophyllaceae Sematophyllum homomallum Bronze Signal-moss Mosses Wijkia extenuata Spear Moss Splachnaceae Bartramiaceae Tayloria octoblepharum Dung Moss

Breutelia affinis Common Breutelia Thuidiaceae

Smooth-stalk Feather-moss Thuidiopsis furfurosa Golden Weft-moss

Common Feather-moss Wijkia extenuata Weft Moss Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 45

Liverworts Ophioglossaceae Cephaloziellaceae Ophioglossum lusitanicum Austral Adder’s-tongue Cephaloziella exiliflora Crimson Coalwort Chaetophyllopsidacea Monocotyledons

Chaetophyllopsis whiteleggei Grey Woollywort Alismataceae Frullaniaceae Alisma plantago-aquatica Water Plantain Frullania falciloba Rufous Scalewort Anthericaceae Frullania pentapleura Khaki Scalewort Arthropodium milleflorum s.l. Pale Vanilla-lily Frullania probosciphora Chocolate Scalewort Arthropodium milleflorum s.s. Pale Vanilla-lily Frullania spp. Scalewort Arthropodium strictum s.l. Chocolate Lily Geocalycaceae Arthropodium strictum s.s. Chocolate Lily Chiloscyphus gippslandicus RuFuzzy Crestwort Chamaescilla corymbosa var. Blue Stars Chiloscyphus novaezeelandiae Kiwi Crestwort corymbosa Chiloscyphus semiteres s.l. Common Crestwort Thysanotus patersonii Twining Fringe-lily Chiloscyphus spp. Crestwort Thysanotus tuberosus Common Fringe-lily Marchantiaceae Thysanotus tuberosus subsp. Common Fringe-lily tuberosus Lunularia cruciata Crescent Moonwort Asphodelaceae Metzgeriaceae Bulbine bulbosa Bulbine Lily Metzgeria furcata Forked Veilwort Centrolepidaceae Metzgeria spp. Veilwort Aphelia gracilis Slender Aphelia Pseudolepicoleaceae Centrolepis aristata Pointed Centrolepis Temnoma townrowii Brown Woollywort Colchicaceae Burchardia umbellata Milkmaids Ferns and Allies Wurmbea dioica Common Early Nancy Adiantaceae Wurmbea dioica subsp. dioica Common Early Nancy Adiantum aethiopicum Common Maidenhair Wurmbea spp. Early Nancy Adiantum spp. Maidenhair Cyperaceae Cheilanthes distans Bristly Cloak-fern Bolboschoenus spp. Club Sedge Cheilanthes sieberi subsp. sieberi Narrow Rock-fern Carex appressa Tall Sedge Aspleniaceae Carex breviculmis Common Grass-sedge Asplenium flaccidum subsp. Weeping Spleenwort Carex fascicularis Tassel Sedge flaccidum Carex inversa Knob Sedge Blechnaceae Cyperus spp. Flat Sedge Blechnum wattsii Hard Water-fern Ficinia nodosa Knobby Club-sedge Doodia caudata Small Rasp-fern Gahnia radula Thatch Saw-sedge Culcitaceae Gahnia sieberiana Red-fruit Saw-sedge Calochlaena dubia Common Ground-fern Isolepis cernua var. cernua Nodding Club-sedge Davalliaceae Isolepis inundata Swamp Club-sedge Nephrolepis cordifolia Fishbone Fern Isolepis marginata Little Club-sedge Dennstaedtiaceae Isolepis spp. Club Sedge Pteridium esculentum Austral Bracken Isolepis stellata Star Club-sedge Dicksoniaceae Lepidosperma elatius Tall Sword-sedge Dicksonia antarctica Soft Tree-fern Lepidosperma gunnii Slender Sword-sedge Dryopteridaceae Lepidosperma laterale Variable Sword-sedge Polystichum proliferum Mother Shield-fern Lepidosperma laterale var. Variable Sword-sedge Gleicheniaceae laterale Sticherus tener s.s. (r) Tasman Fan-fern Lepidosperma spp. Sword Sedge Hymenophyllaceae Schoenus apogon Common Bog-sedge Hymenophyllum cupressiforme Common Filmy-fern Schoenus maschalinus Leafy Bog-sedge Lindsaeaceae Hemerocallidaceae Lindsaea linearis Screw Fern Caesia calliantha Blue Grass-lily Lycopodiaceae Caesia parviflora Pale Grass-lily Phylloglossum drummondii Pygmy Clubmoss Fern Caesia parviflora var. parviflora Pale Grass-lily 46 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Dianella admixta Black-anther Flax-lily Caladenia oenochila Wine-lipped Spider-orchid (v) Dianella longifolia s.l. Pale Flax-lily Caladenia phaeoclavia Brown-clubbed Spider-orchid Dianella longifolia var. Pale Flax-lily Caladenia praecox Early Hood-orchid longifolia s.l. Caladenia spp. Caladenia Dianella revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lily Caladenia tentaculata Mantis Orchid Dianella revoluta var. revoluta s.l. Black-anther Flax-lily Caladenia venusta Large White Spider-orchid (r) Dianella spp. Flax Lily Calochilus paludosus Red Beard-orchid Dianella tasmanica Tasman Flax-lily Calochilus robertsonii s.l. Purple Beard-orchid Thelionema caespitosum Tufted Lily Corunastylis archeri Elfin Midge-orchid Tricoryne elatior Yellow Rush-lily Corunastylis despectans Sharp Midge-orchid Hypoxidaceae Corunastylis morrisii Bearded Midge-orchid Hypoxis glabella var. glabella Tiny Star Corybas unguiculatus Small Pelican-orchid Hypoxis glabella/vaginata spp. Tiny/Yellow Star species Cryptostylis subulata Large Tongue-orchid agg. aggregate Cyanicula caerulea Blue Fairy Hypoxis hygrometrica Golden Weather-glass Dipodium punctatum s.l. Hyacinth Orchid Hypoxis hygrometrica var. Golden Weather-glass hygrometrica Dipodium roseum s.s. Rosy Hyacinth-orchid Hypoxis vaginata var. vaginata Yellow Star Diuris behrii Golden Cowslips (v) Juncaceae Diuris lanceolata s.l. Golden Moths Juncus amabilis Hollow Rush Diuris orientis Wallflower Orchid Juncus bufonius Toad Rush Diuris pardina Leopard Orchid Juncus fockei Slender Joint-leaf Rush Diuris spp. Diuris Juncus gregiflorus Green Rush Diuris sulphurea Tiger Orchid Juncus holoschoenus Joint-leaf Rush Diuris X palachila Broad-lip Diuris (r) Juncus pallidus Pale Rush Eriochilus cucullatus s.l. Parson’s Bands Juncus pauciflorus Loose-flower Rush Glossodia major Wax-lip Orchid Juncus planifolius Broad-leaf Rush Leptoceras menziesii Hare Orchid Juncus procerus Tall Rush Lyperanthus suaveolens Brown-beaks Juncus radula Hoary Rush Microtidium atratum Yellow Onion-orchid Juncus sarophorus Broom Rush Microtis oblonga Sweet Onion-orchid Juncus sp. (subgenus Genuini) Rush Microtis parviflora Slender Onion-orchid Juncus spp. Rush Microtis unifolia Common Onion-orchid

Juncus subsecundus Finger Rush Orthoceras strictum Horned Orchid Juncus usitatus Billabong Rush Pheladenia deformis Bluebeard Orchid Juncus vaginatus Clustered Rush Prasophyllum australe Austral Leek-orchid Luzula meridionalis Common Woodrush Prasophyllum brevilabre Short-lip Leek-orchid Luzula meridionalis var. densiflora Common Woodrush Prasophyllum lindleyanum Green Leek-orchid (v) Luzula meridionalis var. Common Woodrush meridionalis Prasophyllum odoratum s.l. Scented Leek-orchid Juncaginaceae Prasophyllum patens s.l. Broad-lip Leek-orchid Triglochin procera s.l. Water Ribbons Prasophyllum pyriforme s.s. Silurian Leek-orchid (e) Triglochin procera s.s. Common Water-ribbons Pterostylis cucullata Leafy Greenhood (f) (V) (v) Triglochin spp. Water Ribbons Pterostylis curta Blunt Greenhood Triglochin striata Streaked Arrowgrass Pterostylis falcata s.s. Large Sickle Greenhood Lemnaceae Pterostylis longifolia s.l Tall Greenhood Landoltia punctata Thin Duckweed Pterostylis melagramma Tall Greenhood Orchidaceae Pterostylis nutans Nodding Greenhood Acianthus caudatus Mayfly Orchid Pterostylis parviflora s.s. Tiny Greenhood

Acianthus pusillus Small Mosquito-orchid Pterostylis pedoglossa Prawn Greenhood (v) Pterostylis pedunculata Maroonhood Caladenia carnea s.s. Pink Fingers Pterostylis spp. Greenhood Caladenia carnea sensu Willis Pink Fingers (1970) Pterostylis squamata Common Ruddyhood Caladenia catenata s.l. Pink Fingers/White Fingers Pterostylis X ingens Sharp Greenhood (r) Caladenia flavovirens Summer Spider-orchid (r) Pyrorchis nigricans Red-beaks Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 47

Thelymitra aristata Great Sun-orchid Poa morrisii Soft Tussock-grass Thelymitra flexuosa Twisted Sun-orchid Poa sieberiana Grey Tussock-grass Thelymitra hiemalis Winter Sun-orchid (f) (e) Poa spp. Tussock Grass Thelymitra ixioides s.l. Spotted Sun-orchid Poa tenera Slender Tussock-grass Thelymitra ixioides s.s. Spotted Sun-orchid Rytidosperma bipartitum s.l. Leafy Wallaby-grass Thelymitra juncifolia Rush-leaf Sun-orchid Rytidosperma caespitosum Common Wallaby-grass Thelymitra media s.s. Tall Sun-orchid Rytidosperma erianthum Hill Wallaby-grass Thelymitra pauciflora s.l. Slender Sun-orchid Rytidosperma fulvum Copper-awned Wallaby-grass Thelymitra rubra Salmon Sun-orchid Rytidosperma geniculatum Kneed Wallaby-grass Thelymitra spp. Sun Orchid Rytidosperma laeve Smooth Wallaby-grass Poaceae Rytidosperma pallidum Silvertop Wallaby-grass Agrostis s.l. spp. Bent/Blown Grass Rytidosperma penicillatum Weeping Wallaby-grass Agrostis spp. agg. aff. hiemalis Forest Bent Rytidosperma pilosum Velvet Wallaby-grass

Amphibromus archeri Pointed Swamp Wallaby-grass Rytidosperma racemosum var. Slender Wallaby-grass racemosum Anthosachne scabra s.l. Common Wheat-grass Rytidosperma semiannulare Wetland Wallaby-grass Austrostipa elegantissima Feather Spear-grass Rytidosperma setaceum Bristly Wallaby-grass Austrostipa flavescens Coast Spear-grass Rytidosperma setaceum var. Bristly Wallaby-grass Austrostipa mollis Supple Spear-grass setaceum Austrostipa pubinodis Tall Spear-grass Rytidosperma spp. Wallaby Grass Austrostipa rudis Veined Spear-grass Rytidosperma tenuius Purplish Wallaby-grass Austrostipa rudis subsp. australis Veined Spear-grass (r) Tetrarrhena juncea Forest Wire-grass Austrostipa rudis subsp. rudis Veined Spear-grass Themeda triandra Kangaroo Grass Austrostipa semibarbata Fibrous Spear-grass Potamogetonaceae Austrostipa spp. Spear Grass Potamogeton tricarinatus s.l. Floating Pondweed Bromus spp. Brome Restionaceae Cynodon dactylon Couch Leptocarpus tenax Slender Twine-rush Deyeuxia quadriseta Reed Bent-grass Typhaceae

Deyeuxia spp. Bent Grass Typha domingensis Narrow-leaf Cumbungi Dichelachne crinita Long-hair Plume-grass Xanthorrhoeaceae Dichelachne rara Common Plume-grass Lomandra filiformis Wattle Mat-rush Dichelachne sciurea spp. agg. Short-hair Plume-grass Lomandra filiformis subsp. Wattle Mat-rush coriacea Dichelachne sieberiana Rough Plume-grass Lomandra filiformis subsp. Wattle Mat-rush Dichelachne spp. Plume Grass filiformis Eragrostis brownii Common Love-grass Lomandra glauca s.l. Pale Mat-rush Glyceria australis Australian Sweet-grass Lomandra longifolia Spiny-headed Mat-rush Lomandra longifolia subsp. Spiny-headed Mat-rush Hemarthria uncinata var. Mat Grass longifolia uncinata Lomandra nana Dwarf Mat-rush Imperata cylindrica Blady Grass (#) Lomandra spp. Mat-rush Lachnagrostis aemula s.l. Leafy Blown-grass Xanthorrhoea minor subsp. lutea Small Grass-tree Lachnagrostis filiformis s.l. Common Blown-grass Common Blown-grass Lachnagrostis spp. Blown Grass Dicotyledons Microlaena spp. Weeping Grass Amaranthaceae Microlaena stipoides var. Weeping Grass Alternanthera denticulata s.s. Lesser Joyweed stipoides Apiaceae Pentapogon quadrifidus var. Five-awned Spear-grass quadrifidus Apium spp. Celery Phragmites australis Common Reed Centella cordifolia Centella Poa australis spp. agg. Tussock Grass Eryngium vesiculosum Prickfoot Poa clelandii Noah’s Ark Xanthosia dissecta s.l. Cut-leaf Xanthosia Poa ensiformis Sword Tussock-grass Xanthosia dissecta s.s Native Parsley Poa labillardierei Common Tussock-grass Araliaceae Poa labillardierei var. Common Tussock-grass Hydrocotyle callicarpa Small Pennywort labillardierei Hydrocotyle foveolata Yellow Pennywort 48 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Hydrocotyle laxiflora Stinking Pennywort Bignoniaceae Hydrocotyle spp. Pennywort Pandorea pandorana subsp. Wonga Vine pandorana Asteraceae Brassicaceae Allittia cardiocarpa Swamp Daisy Lepidium hyssopifolium Basalt Peppercress (f) (E) (e) Brachyscome decipiens Field Daisy Lepidium pseudohyssopifolium Native Peppercress (k) Calotis scabiosifolia var. Rough Burr-daisy integrifolia Lepidium spp. Peppercress Cassinia aculeata Common Cassinia Brunoniaceae Cassinia arcuata Drooping Cassinia Brunonia australis Blue Pincushion Cassinia longifolia Shiny Cassinia Campanulaceae Cassinia spp. Cassinia Lobelia anceps Angled Lobelia Chrysocephalum semipapposum Clustered Everlasting Lobelia rhombifolia Tufted Lobelia Coronidium scorpioides s.s. Button Everlasting Wahlenbergia communis s.l. Tufted Bluebell Cotula australis Common Cotula Wahlenbergia gracilis Sprawling Bluebell Craspedia glauca spp. agg. Common Billy-buttons Wahlenbergia gymnoclada Naked Bluebell Euchiton involucratus s.l. Common Cudweed Wahlenbergia multicaulis Branching Bluebell Euchiton involucratus s.s. Star Cudweed Wahlenbergia spp. Bluebell Euchiton japonicus s.l. Clustered/Creeping Cudweed Wahlenbergia stricta subsp. Tall Bluebell Euchiton japonicus s.s. Creeping Cudweed stricta Euchiton sphaericus Annual Cudweed Caryophyllaceae Euchiton spp. Cudweed Sagina spp. Pearlwort Gnaphalium spp. Cudweed Stellaria spp. Starwort Helichrysum luteoalbum Jersey Cudweed Casuarinaceae Lagenophora gracilis Slender Bottle-daisy Allocasuarina littoralis Black Sheoak Lagenophora spp. Bottle Daisy Allocasuarina spp. Sheoak Lagenophora stipitata Common Bottle-daisy Chenopodiaceae Leptorhynchos squamatus Scaly Buttons Atriplex semibaccata Berry Saltbush Leptorhynchos tenuifolius Wiry Buttons Atriplex spp. Saltbush Leucochrysum albicans var. Hoary Sunray Einadia nutans Nodding Saltbush albicans Convolvulaceae Microseris scapigera s.l. Yam Daisy Calystegia sepium subsp. roseata Large Bindweed Millotia tenuifolia var. tenuifolia Soft Millotia Dichondra repens Kidney-weed Olearia lirata Snowy Daisy-bush Crassulaceae Olearia myrsinoides Silky Daisy-bush Crassula decumbens var. Spreading Crassula Olearia spp. Daisy Bush decumbens Ozothamnus ferrugineus Tree Everlasting Crassula helmsii Swamp Crassula Ozothamnus obcordatus Grey Everlasting Crassula sieberiana s.l. Sieber Crassula Ozothamnus rosmarinifolius Rosemary Everlasting Crassula spp. Crassula Senecio glomeratus Annual Fireweed Crassula tetramera Australian Stonecrop Senecio glomeratus subsp. Annual Fireweed Dilleniaceae glomeratus Hibbertia obtusifolia Hibbertia obtusifolia Senecio hispidulus s.l. Rough Fireweed Hibbertia riparia Hibbertia riparia Senecio hispidulus s.s. Rough Fireweed Hibbertia stricta s.l. Hibbertia stricta s.l. Senecio linearifolius Fireweed Groundsel Droseraceae Senecio phelleus Stony Fireweed Drosera aberrans Scented Sundew Senecio prenanthoides Beaked Fireweed Drosera auriculata Tall Sundew Senecio quadridentatus Cotton Fireweed Drosera binata Forked Sundew Senecio spp. Groundsel Drosera glanduligera Scarlet Sundew Senecio squarrosus s.s. Leafy Fireweed Drosera peltata subsp. peltata Pale Sundew Senecio tenuiflorus spp. agg. Slender Fireweed spp. agg. Siloxerus multiflorus Small Wrinklewort Drosera spp. Sundew Solenogyne dominii Smooth Solenogyne Drosera aberrans Scented Sundew Solenogyne gunnii Hairy Solenogyne Drosera auriculata Tall Sundew Sonchus spp. Sow Thistle Drosera binata Forked Sundew Taraxacum spp. Dandelion Drosera glanduligera Scarlet Sundew Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 49

Drosera peltata subsp. peltata Pale Sundew Lamiaceae spp. agg. Prostanthera lasianthos Victorian Christmas-bush Drosera spp. Sundew Prostanthera lasianthos var. Victorian Christmas-bush Brassicaceae lasianthos Tetratheca ciliata Pink-bells Prostanthera melissifolia Balm Mint-bush Ericaceae Prostanthera rotundifolia Round-leaf Mint-bush Acrotriche serrulata Honey-pots Westringia spp. Westringia Astroloma humifusum Cranberry Heath Lauraceae Epacris gunnii Ace of Spades Cassytha glabella Slender Dodder-laurel Epacris impressa Common Heath Cassytha melantha Coarse Dodder-laurel Leucopogon virgatus Common Beard-heath Cassytha pubescens s.s. Downy Dodder-laurel Leucopogon virgatus var. virgatus Common Beard-heath Cassytha spp. Dodder Laurel Fabaceae Lentibulariaceae Bossiaea prostrata Creeping Bossiaea Utricularia dichotoma s.s. Fairies’ Aprons Daviesia latifolia Hop Bitter-pea Utricularia tenella Pink Bladderwort Daviesia leptophylla Narrow-leaf Bitter-pea Linaceae Dillwynia cinerascens s.l. Grey Parrot-pea Linum marginale Native Flax Dillwynia cinerascens s.s. Grey Parrot-pea Loranthaceae Dillwynia glaberrima Smooth Parrot-pea Amyema pendula Drooping Mistletoe Dillwynia sericea Showy Parrot-pea Amyema pendula subsp. pendula Drooping Mistletoe (s.s.) Glycine clandestina Twining Glycine Amyema spp. Mistletoe Gompholobium huegelii Common Wedge-pea Muellerina eucalyptoides Creeping Mistletoe Hardenbergia violacea Purple Coral-pea Lythraceae Hovea heterophylla Common Hovea Lythrum hyssopifolia Small Loosestrife Indigofera australis Austral Indigo Malvaceae Kennedia prostrata Running Postman Gynatrix pulchella s.l. Hemp Bush Kennedia rubicunda Dusky Coral-pea (#) Gynatrix pulchella s.s. Hemp Bush Lotus spp. Trefoil Malva spp. Mallow Platylobium formosum spp. agg. Handsome Flat-pea Menyanthaceae Platylobium obtusangulum Common Flat-pea Villarsia reniformis Running Marsh-flower Pultenaea gunnii subsp. gunnii Golden Bush-pea Mimosaceae Pultenaea scabra Rough Bush-pea Acacia acinacea s.l. Gold-dust Wattle Sphaerolobium minus Eastern Globe-pea Acacia aculeatissima Thin-leaf Wattle Sphaerolobium vimineum s.l. Leafless Globe-pea Acacia dealbata Silver Wattle Viminaria juncea Golden Spray Acacia genistifolia Spreading Wattle Gentianaceae Acacia gunnii Ploughshare Wattle Gentianella polysperes Early Forest-gentian (r) Acacia implexa Lightwood Geraniaceae Acacia leprosa s.s. Cinnamon Wattle (k) Geranium potentilloides Soft Crane's-bill Acacia lineata Streaked Wattle (r) Geranium retrorsum s.l. Grassland Crane's-bill Acacia mearnsii Black Wattle Geranium solanderi s.l. Austral Crane's-bill Acacia melanoxylon Blackwood Geranium sp. 2 Variable Crane's-bill Acacia mucronata subsp. Narrow-leaf Wattle Pelargonium inodorum Kopata longifolia Goodeniaceae Acacia myrtifolia Myrtle Wattle Goodenia humilis Swamp Goodenia Acacia oxycedrus Spike Wattle Goodenia lanata Trailing Goodenia Acacia paradoxa Hedge Wattle Goodenia ovata Hop Goodenia Acacia pycnantha Golden Wattle Haloragaceae Acacia stricta Hop Wattle Gonocarpus humilis Shade Raspwort Acacia verniciflua s.l. Varnish Wattle Gonocarpus micranthus subsp. Creeping Raspwort Acacia verticillata Prickly Moses micranthus Acacia verticillata subsp. Needle-leaf Prickly Moses Gonocarpus tetragynus Common Raspwort cephalantha Hypericaceae Acacia verticillata subsp. Prickly Moses Hypericum gramineum spp. agg. Small St John’s Wort verticillata 50 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Myoporaceae Plantaginaceae Myoporum insulare Common Boobialla (#) Plantago gaudichaudii Narrow Plantain Myrtaceae Plantago varia Variable Plantain Angophora spp. Apple Polygalaceae Callistemon spp. Bottlebrush Comesperma ericinum Heath Milkwort Eucalyptus camaldulensis River Red-gum Comesperma volubile Love Creeper Eucalyptus cephalocarpa s.l. Silver-leaf Stringybark Polygonaceae Eucalyptus cephalocarpa s.s. Mealy Stringybark Persicaria decipiens Slender Knotweed Eucalyptus dives Broad-leaf Peppermint Persicaria hydropiper Water Pepper Eucalyptus globoidea White Stringybark Persicaria spp. Knotweed Eucalyptus goniocalyx s.l. Bundy Persicaria subsessilis Hairy Knotweed Eucalyptus goniocalyx s.s. Bundy Rumex spp. Dock Eucalyptus macrorhyncha Red Stringybark Portulacaceae Eucalyptus melliodora Yellow Box Portulaca oleracea Common Purslane Eucalyptus obliqua Messmate Stringybark Proteaceae Eucalyptus ovata Swamp Gum Banksia integrifolia subsp. Coast Banksia integrifolia Eucalyptus ovata var. ovata Swamp Gum Banksia spinulosa var. Hairpin Banksia Eucalyptus polyanthemos Red Box cunninghamii Eucalyptus radiata s.l. Narrow-leaf Peppermint Grevillea spp. Grevillea Eucalyptus radiata subsp. radiata Narrow-leaf Peppermint Hakea decurrens subsp. Bushy Needlewood Eucalyptus sideroxylon subsp. Mugga (r) physocarpa sideroxylon Hakea nodosa Yellow Hakea Eucalyptus spp. Eucalypt Hakea sericea s.l. Bushy Needlewood Eucalyptus tricarpa subsp. Red Ironbark Hakea teretifolia subsp. hirsuta Dagger Hakea tricarpa Hakea ulicina Furze Hakea Eucalyptus viminalis Manna Gum Persoonia juniperina Prickly Geebung Eucalyptus viminalis subsp. Manna Gum viminalis Ranunculaceae Eucalyptus yarraensis Yarra Gum (r) Clematis aristata Mountain Clematis Kunzea ericoides spp. agg. Burgan Clematis microphylla s.l. Small-leaved Clematis Leptospermum continentale Prickly Tea-tree Clematis microphylla s.s. Small-leaved Clematis Melaleuca spp. Honey-myrtle Ranunculus lappaceus Australian Buttercup Onagraceae Ranunculus spp. Buttercup Epilobium billardierianum Variable Willow-herb Rhamnaceae Epilobium billardierianum subsp. Smooth Willow-herb Pomaderris aspera Hazel Pomaderris billardierianum Pomaderris lanigera Woolly Pomaderris Epilobium billardierianum subsp. Grey Willow-herb cinereum Pomaderris racemosa Cluster Pomaderris Epilobium hirtigerum Hairy Willow-herb Spyridium parvifolium Dusty Miller Orobanchaceae Rosaceae Euphrasia collina subsp. Purple Eyebright (r) Acaena agnipila Hairy Sheep's Burr trichocalycina Acaena echinata Sheep's Burr Oxalidaceae Acaena novae-zelandiae Bidgee-widgee Oxalis corniculata s.l. Yellow Wood-sorrel Acaena ovina Australian Sheep's Burr Oxalis exilis Shady Wood-sorrel Acaena spp. Sheep's Burr Oxalis exilis/perennans Shady/Grassland Wood-sorrel Rosaceae spp. Rosid Oxalis perennans Grassland Wood-sorrel Rubus spp. Bramble Oxalis spp. Wood Sorrel Rubiaceae Phyllanthaceae Asperula conferta Common Woodruff Poranthera microphylla s.l. Small Poranthera Coprosma quadrifida Prickly Currant-bush Poranthera microphylla s.s. Small Poranthera Opercularia ovata Broad-leaf Stinkweed Pittosporaceae Opercularia varia Variable Stinkweed Billardiera mutabilis Common Apple-berry Rutaceae Billardiera scandens s.l. Common Apple-berry Correa reflexa Common Correa Bursaria spinosa Sweet Bursaria Correa reflexa var. reflexa Common Correa Bursaria spinosa subsp. spinosa Sweet Bursaria Correa reflexa var. speciosa Eastern Correa Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 51

Santalaceae Key: Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry Ballart r Rare species (in Victoria) v Vulnerable species (in Victoria) Solanaceae e Endangered species (in Victoria) Nicotiana maritima Coast Tobacco (e) k Poorly known (in Victoria) Nicotiana spp. Tobacco V Vulnerable species (Federally listed under the Solanum aviculare Kangaroo Apple EPBC Act) Solanum laciniatum Large Kangaroo Apple E Endangered species (Federally listed under the Solanum spp. Nightshade EPBC Act) f Endangered species (Federally listed under the Solanum vescum Gunyang EPBC Act) Solanum aviculare Kangaroo Apple Solanum laciniatum Large Kangaroo Apple Fern and Allies

Solanum spp. Nightshade Gleicheniaceae Solanum vescum Gunyang Sticherus tener s.s. Tasman Fan-fern (r) Stackhousiaceae Santalaceae Stackhousia monogyna s.l. Creamy Stackhousia Exocarpos cupressiformis Cherry Ballart Stylidiaceae Levenhookia dubia Hairy Stylewort Monocotyledons Stylidium armeria Common Triggerplant Orchidaceae Stylidium despectum Small Triggerplant Caladenia flavovirens Summer Spider-orchid (r) Stylidium graminifolium s.l. Grass Triggerplant Caladenia oenochila Wine-lipped Spider-orchid (v) Stylidium graminifolium s.s. Grass Triggerplant Caladenia venusta Large White Spider-orchid (r) Thymelaeaceae Diuris behrii Golden Cowslips (v) Pimelea curviflora s.s. Curved Rice-flower Diuris X palachila Broad-lip Diuris (r) Pimelea humilis Common Rice-flower Prasophyllum lindleyanum Green Leek-orchid (v) Pimelea linifolia Slender Rice-flower Prasophyllum pyriforme s.s. Silurian Leek-orchid (e) Veronicaceae Pterostylis cucullata Leafy Greenhood (f) (V) (f) Gratiola peruviana Austral Brooklime Pterostylis pedoglossa Prawn Greenhood (v) Gratiola pubescens Glandular Brooklime Pterostylis X ingen Sharp Greenhoods (r) Veronica gracilis Slender Speedwell Thelymitra hiemalis Winter Sun-orchid (f) (e) Veronica subtilis Thread Speedwell Poaceae Violaceae Austrostipa rudis subsp. australis Veined Spear-grass (r) Melicytus dentatus s.l. Tree Violet

Viola betonicifolia subsp. Showy Violet Dicotyledons betonicifolia Viola cleistogamoides Hidden Violet Brassicaceae Viola hederacea sensu Entwisle Ivy-leaf Violet Lepidium hyssopifolium Basalt Peppercress (f) (E) (e) (1996) Lepidium pseudohyssopifolium Native Peppercress (k) Viola hederacea sensu Thiele and Ivy-leaf Violet Prober Gentianaceae Viola hederacea sensu Willis Ivy-leaf Violet Gentianella polysperes Early Forest-gentian (r) (1972) Mimosaceae Viola spp. Violet Acacia howittii Sticky Wattle (r) (#) Acacia leprosa s.s. Cinnamon Wattle (k) Acacia lineata Streaked Wattle (r) Appendix 6 – Myrtaceae Eucalyptus sideroxylon subsp. Mugga (r) Whitehorse Threatened Flora List sideroxylon The species listed below have been recorded in the Whitehorse Eucalyptus yarraensis Yarra Gum (r) municipality over many years and by numerous botanists and Melaleuca armillaris subsp. Giant Honey-myrtle (r) (#) other parties who have submitted their flora survey data. armillaris It is likely some of these records are old, and that some Orobanchaceae of these species listed below are locally extinct. A component Euphrasia collina subsp. Purple Eyebright (r) of the Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and trichocalycina Urban Habitat would be to verify this list and remove the Solanaceae species that are now locally extinct. Nicotiana maritima Coast Tobacco 52 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Appendix 7 – Birds Whitehorse Indigenous Fauna List Accipitridae Milvus migrans Black Kite The species listed below have been recorded in the Whitehorse Elanus axillaris Black-shouldered Kite municipality over many years and by numerous zoologists and Accipiter fasciatus Brown Goshawk other parties who have submitted their fauna survey data and/ Accipiter cirrhocephalus Collared Sparrowhawk or incidental observations. It is likely some of these records are Accipiter novaehollandiae Grey Goshawk (f) (v) old, and that some of these species listed below are locally Hieraaetus morphnoides Little Eagle extinct. Lophoictinia isura Square-tailed Kite (f) (v) Key: Circus approximans Swamp Harrier r, e, v threatened species (in Victoria) Aegothelidae E, V threatened species (Federally listed under Aegotheles cristatus Australian Owlet-nightjar the EPBC Act) Alcedinidae f listed under the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act Alcedo azurea Azure Kingfisher (n) Mammals Dacelo novaeguineae Laughing Kookaburra Todiramphus sanctus Sacred Kingfisher Canidae Anatidae Canis lupus Dingo/Dog (feral). Anas rhynchotis Australasian Shoveler (v) Macropodidae Tadorna tadornoides Australian Shelduck Macropus giganteus Eastern Grey Kangaroo Chenonetta jubata Australian Wood Duck Muridae Cygnus atratus Black Swan Rattus sp. Unidentified Rattus Anas castanea Chestnut Teal Hydromys chrysogaster Water Rat Stictonetta naevosa Freckled Duck (f) (e) Ornithorhynchidae Anas gracilis Grey Teal Ornithorhynchus anatinus Platypus Aythya australis Hardhead (v) Peramelidae Biziura lobata Musk Duck (v) Perameles nasuta Long-nosed Bandicoot Anas superciliosa Pacific Black Duck Isoodon obesulus obesulus Southern Brown Bandicoot (E) (n) Malacorhynchus membranaceus Pink-eared Duck Petauridae Anhingidae Petaurus breviceps Sugar Glider Anhinga novaehollandiae Darter Phalangeridae Apodidae Trichosurus vulpecula Common Brushtail Possum Apus pacificus Fork-tailed Swift Phascolarctidae Hirundapus caudacutus White-throated Needletail Phascolarctos cinereus Koala Ardeidae Pseudocheiridae Ardea ibis Cattle Egret Pseudocheirus peregrinus Common Ringtail Possum Ardea modesta Eastern Great Egret (f) (v) Pteropodidae Ixobrychus minutus Little Bittern (f) (e) Pteropus poliocephalus Grey-headed Flying-fox (F) (V) (v) Nycticorax caledonicus Nankeen Night Heron (n) Tachyglossidae Egretta novaehollandiae White-faced Heron Tachyglossus aculeatus Short-beaked Echidna Ardea pacifica White-necked Heron Vespertilionidae Artamidae Chalinolobus morio Chocolate Wattled Bat Gymnorhina tibicen Australian Magpie Chalinolobus gouldii Gould’s Wattled Bat Artamus cyanopterus Dusky Woodswallow Vespadelus darlingtoni Large Forest Bat Cracticus torquatus Grey Butcherbird Nyctophilus geoffroyi Lesser Long-eared Bat Strepera versicolor Grey Currawong Vespadelus vulturnus Little Forest Bat Artamus personatus Masked Woodswallow Vespadelus regulus Southern Forest Bat Strepera graculina Pied Currawong Eptesicus sp. Unidentified Eptesicus Artamus superciliosus White-browed Woodswallow Vombatidae Cacatuidae Vombatus ursinus Common Wombat Nymphicus hollandicus Cockatiel Eolophus roseicapilla Galah Callocephalon fimbriatum Gang-gang Cockatoo Cacatua sanguinea Little Corella Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 53

Cacatua tenuirostris Long-billed Corella Maluridae Cacatua galerita Sulphur-crested Cockatoo Superb Fairy-wren Malurus cyaneus Calyptorhynchus funereus Yellow-tailed Black-Cockatoo Meliphagidae Campephagidae Manorina melanophrys Bell Miner Coracina novaehollandiae Black-faced Cuckoo-shrike Melithreptus brevirostris Brown-headed Honeyeater Lalage sueurii White-winged Triller Acanthorhynchus tenuirostris Eastern Spinebill Charadriidae Anthochaera chrysoptera Little Wattlebird Elseyornis melanops Black-fronted Dotterel Phylidonyris novaehollandiae New Holland Honeyeater Vanellus miles Masked Lapwing Philemon corniculatus Noisy Friarbird Charadriidae sp. Unidentified dot or plover Manorina melanocephala Noisy Miner Cinclosomatidae Anthochaera carunculata Red Wattlebird Psophodes olivaceus Eastern Whipbird Anthochaera phrygia Regent Honeyeater (f) (E) (c) Cinclosoma punctatum Spotted Quail-thrush (n) Acanthagenys rufogularis Spiny-cheeked Honeyeater Climacteridae Lichenostomus leucotis White-eared Honeyeater Cormobates leucophaeus White-throated Treecreeper Epthianura albifrons White-fronted Chat Columbidae Melithreptus lunatus White-naped Honeyeater Phaps elegans Brush Bronzewing Lichenostomus penicillatus White-plumed Honeyeater Phaps chalcoptera Common Bronzewing Lichenostomus chrysops Yellow-faced Honeyeater Ocyphaps lophotes Crested Pigeon Motacillidae Geopelia cuneata Diamond Dove (f) (n) Anthus novaeseelandiae Australasian Pipit Coraciidae Muscicapidae Eurystomus orientalis Dollarbird Zoothera lunulata Bassian Thrush Corvidae Neosittidae Corvus coronoides Australian Raven Daphoenositta chrysoptera Varied Sittella Corvus mellori Little Raven Oriolidae Corvus sp. Unknown Raven Oriolus sagittatus Olive-backed Oriole Cuculidae Pachycephalidae Cacomantis variolosus Brush Cuckoo Falcunculus frontatus Crested Shrike-tit Eudynamys orientalis Eastern Koel Pachycephala pectoralis Golden Whistler Cacomantis flabelliformis Fan-tailed Cuckoo Colluricincla harmonica Grey Shrike-thrush Chrysococcyx basalis Horsfield’s Bronze-Cuckoo Pachycephala rufiventris Rufous Whistler Cuculus pallidus Pallid Cuckoo Pardalotidae Chrysococcyx lucidus Shining Bronze-Cuckoo Acanthiza pusilla Brown Thornbill Dicaeidae Acanthiza reguloides Buff-rumped Thornbill Dicaeum hirundinaceum Mistletoebird Pyrrholaemus sagittatus Speckled Warbler (f) (v) Dicruridae Pardalotus punctatus Spotted Pardalote Rhipidura albiscarpa Grey Fantail Pardalotus striatus Pardalote Grallina cyanoleuca Magpie-lark Acanthiza lineata Striated Thornbill Rhipidura rufifrons Rufous Fantail Smicrornis brevirostris Weebill Myiagra cyanoleuca Satin Flycatcher Gerygone fusca Western Gerygone Dicrurus bracteatus Spangled Drongo Sericornis frontalis White-browed Scrubwren Rhipidura leucophrys Willie Wagtail Acanthiza nana Yellow Thornbill Falconidae Acanthiza chrysorrhoa Yellow-rumped Thornbill Falco longipennis Australian Hobby Passeridae Falco berigora Brown Falcon Stagonopleura bella Beautiful Firetail Falco cenchroides Nankeen Kestrel Taeniopygia bichenovii Double-barred Finch Falco peregrinus Peregrine Falcon Neochmia temporalis Red-browed Finch Hirundinidae Taeniopygia guttata Zebra Finch Hirundo ariel Fairy Martin Pelecanidae Hirundo nigricans Tree Martin Pelecanus conspicillatus Australian Pelican Hirundo Welcome Swallow Petroicidae Laridae Eopsaltria australis Eastern Yellow Robin Chroicocephalus novaehollandiae Silver Gull Petroica phoenicea Flame Robin 54 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Microeca fascinans Jacky Winter Strigidae Petroica rodinogaster Pink Robin Ninox strenua Powerful Owl (f) (v) Petroica rosea Rose Robin Ninox novaeseelandiae Southern Boobook Petroica boodang Scarlet Robin Sylviidae Phalacrocoracidae Acrocephalus stentoreus Clamorous Reed Warbler Phalacrocorax carbo Great Cormorant Cisticola exilis Golden-headed Cisticola Phalacrocorax sulcirostris Little Black Cormorant Megalurus gramineus Little Grassbird Microcarbo melanoleucos Little Pied Cormorant Cincloramphus mathewsi Rufous Songlark Phalacrocorax varius Pied Cormorant (n) Threskiornithidae Podargidae Threskiornis molucca Australian White Ibis Podargus strigoides Tawny Frogmouth Platalea regia Royal Spoonbill (v) Podicipedidae Threskiornis spinicollis Straw-necked Ibis Tachybaptus novaehollandiae Australasian Grebe Platalea flavipes Yellow-billed Spoonbill Poliocephalus poliocephalus Hoary-headed Grebe Turnicidae Procellariidae Turnix varia Painted Button-quail Pterodroma lessonii White-headed Petrel Tytonidae Psittacidae Tyto tenebricosa Sooty Owl (f) (v) Alisterus scapularis Australian King-Parrot Zosteropidae Melopsittacus undulatus Budgerigar Zosterops lateralis Silvereye Platycercus elegans elegans Crimson Rosella Reptiles Platycercus eximius Eastern Rosella Hylidae Glossopsitta pusilla Little Lorikeet Chelodina longicollis Common Long-necked Turtle Glossopsitta concinna Musk Lorikeet Elapidae Glossopsitta porphyrocephala Purple-crowned Lorikeet Austrelaps superbus Lowland Copperhead Trichoglossus haematodus Rainbow Lorikeet Pseudechis porphyriacus Red-bellied Black Snake Psephotus haematonotus Red-rumped Parrot Notechis scutatus Tiger Snake Trichoglossus chlorolepidotus Scaly-breasted Lorikeet Scincidae Polytelis swainsonii Superb Parrot (f) V) (e) Tiliqua nigrolutea Blotched Blue-tongued Lizard Lathamus discolor Swift Parrot (f) (E) (e) Tiliqua scincoides Common Blue-tongued Lizard Barnardius zonarius zonarius Western Ringneck Ptilonorhynchidae Lampropholis delicata Delicate Skink Ptilonorhynchus violaceus Satin Bowerbird Bassiana duperreyi Eastern Three-lined Skink Psittacidae Lampropholis guichenoti Garden Skink Alisterus scapularis Australian King-Parrot Pseudemoia rawlinsoni Glossy Grass Skink (n) Melopsittacus undulatus Budgerigar Pseudemoia sp. Unidentified grass skink Platycercus elegans elegans Crimson Rosella Saproscincus mustelinus Weasel Skink Platycercus eximius Eastern Rosella Egernia whitii (group) White’s Skink

Glossopsitta pusilla Little Lorikeet Frogs Glossopsitta concinna Musk Lorikeet Hylidae Glossopsitta porphyrocephala Purple-crowned Lorikeet Litoria raniformis Growling Grass Frog (f) (V) (e) Trichoglossus haematodus Rainbow Lorikeet Litoria ewingii (southern) Southern Brown Tree Frog Rallidae (southern) Porzana fluminea Australian Spotted Crake Litoria ewingii Southern Brown Tree Frog Porzana pusilla Baillon’s Crake (f) (v) Litoria verreauxii Verreaux’s Tree Frog Gallinula ventralis Black-tailed Native-hen Myobatrachidae Gallirallus philippensis Buff-banded Rail Crinia signifera Common Froglet Gallinula tenebrosa Dusky Moorhen Limnodynastes dumerilii Southern Bullfrog Fulica atra Eurasian Coot Pseudophryne semimarmorata Southern Toadlet (v) Porphyrio porphyrio Purple Swamphen Limnodynastes tasmaniensis SCR Spotted Marsh Frog SCR Recurvirostridae Limnodynastes tasmaniensis Spotted Marsh Frog Himantopus himantopus Black-winged Stilt Limnodynastes peronii Striped Marsh Frog Scolopacidae Geocrinia victoriana Victorian Smooth Froglet Gallinago hardwickii Latham’s Snipe (n) Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 55

Fishes Polytelis swainsonii Superb Parrot (f) (V) (e) Anguillidae Lathamus discolor Swift Parrot (f) (V) (e) Anguilla australis Short-finned Eel Porzana pusilla Baillon’s Crake (f) (v) Galaxiidae Gallinago hardwickii Latham’s Snipe (n) Galaxias brevipinnis Broad-finned Galaxias Ninox strenua Powerful Owl (f) (v) Percichthyidae Platalea regia Royal Spoonbill (v) Macquaria ambigua Golden Perch (v) Tyto tenebricosa Sooty Owl (f) (v) Maccullochella peelii Murray Cod (f) (V) (e) Terapontidae Reptiles Bidyanus bidyanus Silver Perch (f) (c) Pseudemoia rawlinsoni Glossy Grass Skink (n) Frogs Crustaceans Litoria raniformis Growling Grass Frog (f) (V) (e) Parastacidae Pseudophryne semimarmorata Southern Toadlet (v) Cherax destructor Common Yabbie Fishes Engaeus victoriensis Foothill Burrowing Cray Macquaria ambigua Golden Perch (v) Maccullochella peelii peelii Murray Cod (f) (V) (e) Appendix 8 – Bidyanus bidyanus Murray Cod (f) (V) (e) Whitehorse Threatened Fauna List Appendix 9 – A component of the Inventory of Whitehorse Biodiversity Assets and Urban Habitat would be to verify this list and Monitoring Template remove the species that are now locally extinct The following template of monitoring measures for Key: proposed biodiversity actions is provided as a component of the annual Stepping Stones to Improving Public r Rare species (in Victoria) Whitehorse Biodiversity report: v Vulnerable species (in Victoria) e Endangered species (in Victoria) 1) What is their status? n Near threatened species (in Victoria) a. Not commenced, on-going or completed? c Critically endangered species (in Victoria) 2) What are the defined goals for each project or action? V Vulnerable species (Federally listed under the a. Goals will be defined for each of the projects or EPBC Act) actions prior to them commencing E Endangered species (Federally listed under the EPBC Act) 3) Have these goals been achieved? f Listed under the Flora and Fauna Guarantee Act a. Yes or no? i. If yes, what has been achieved? Mammals ii. If no, why? Isoodon obesulus obesulus Southern Brown Bandicoot (E) (n) 4) What have been the project or action outcomes? Pteropus poliocephalus Grey-headed Flying-fox (f) V) (v) a. Have the outcomes contributed towards Birds the four main objectives of the Whitehorse Accipiter novaehollandiae Grey Goshawk (f) (v) Biodiversity Strategy? Lophoictinia isura Square-tailed Kite (f) (v) 5) Has the action contributed towards the conservation Alcedo azurea Azure Kingfisher (n) and management of Whitehorse’s biodiversity? Anas rhynchotis Australasian Shoveler (v) a. Yes or no? Stictonetta naevosa Freckled Duck (f) (e) b. How? Aythya australis Hardhead (v) 6) Has the action contributed towards ensuring Biziura lobata Musk Duck (v) ‘connections’ with the neighbouring municipalities? Ardea modesta Eastern Great Egret Ardea a. Yes or no? modesta (f) (v) b. How? Ixobrychus mintutus Little Bittern (f) (e) 7) Has the action provided local community engagement Nycticorax caledonicus Nankeen Night Heron (n) opportunities? Cinclosoma punctatum Spotted Quail-thrush (n) a. Yes or no? Geopelia cuneata Diamond Dove (f) (n) b. How? Anthochaera phrygia Regent Honeyeater (f) (E) (c) 8) Has the action contributed towards the integration of Pyrrholaemus sagittatus Speckled Warbler (f) (v) water and biodiversity management? Phalacrocorax varius Pied Cormorant (n) a. Yes or no? b. How? 56 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Appendix 10 – Reserve Size of Area of Description Ecological Bushland entire Vegetation Patch in Reserve Class Whitehorse Bushland Reserves Reserve (hectares) Memorial Small ? Largely COULD NOT Table 5. Summary of Whitehorse’s Existing Park/ mown park, CONFIRM Bushland Areas revegeta- FOR ME- tion beds, MORIAL Reserve Size of Area of Description Ecological small rem- PARK Bushland entire Vegetation nant area Patch in Reserve Class Bushy Creek Small ? Linear Trail VC 47: Reserve (hectares) (South East) Valley Yarran Large 7.9517 Remnant EVC 127: Grassy For- Dheran areas Valley est and Yarran mixed with Heathy Bushy Creek Small ? Linear Trail VC 47: Dheran extensiver- Forest. (North Valley North evegetation West) Grassy For- and native est plantings and mown Stephens Small 1.4169 Small EVC 127: park Reserve grassland Valley areas re- Heathy Campbells Medium 10.2869 Largely EVC 83: generated Forest Croft/ mown/pine Swampy from mown Abbey Walk trees with Riparian parkland smaller Woodland remnant Wandinong Small – 1.6837 Remnant EVC 127: areas Sanctuary Medium area and Valley evegetation Heathy Antonio Large 7.221 Remnant EVC 127: adjacent to Forest Park/ area Valley mown park/ Antonio adjacent to Heathy playground New Lands mown park/ Forest Wurundjeri Small – 15.58 Largely Approx. playground Walk Medium mown half of with small reserve Bellbird Large 16.6724 Remnant Eastern remnant EVC 164: Dell area and edge of areas Creekline reveg- reserve: Herb-rich etation EVC 127: Woodland and native Valley Other half plantings Heathy of reserve adjacent to Forest. EVC 47: mown park/ Along creek Valley playground (majority Grassy of reserve): Forest EVC 164: Blackburn Large 25.7686 Remnant EVC 127: Creekline Lake area and Valley Herb-rich Sanctuary evegetation Heathy Woodland Wurundjeri and native Forest. Joseph Small 1.2461 Remnant EVC 127: Walk plantings Street bushland Valley adjacent to Reserve total and Heathy mown park/ old plant- Forest playground ings Cootamun- Small – 1.3261 Remnant Approx. Somers Small 0.6546 Largely EVC 164: dra Walk Medium area and half of Trail/ mown with Creekline evegetation reserve EVC Simpson small rem- Herb-rich adjacent to 127: Valley Park nant area Woodland mown park/ Heathy Highbury Small 3.9631 1/3 remnant EVC 175: playground Forest Park adjacent Grassy Other half to mown Woodland of reserve grass/play- EVC 126: grounds Swampy Riparian Koonung Small Mown park EVC 47: Woodland Creek area with Valley Reserve/ revegeta- Grassy Moresby Small ? Small EVC 127: Elgar Park tion areas Forest Dale remnant Valley and rem- area, Heathy nant largely Forest Heatherd- Small 2.1547 Largely EVC 127: mown ale Reserve mown/ Valley sports fields Heathy Dagola Small ? Largely COULD NOT with rem- Forest Reserve mown nant areas with small remnant areas and Ronald Small 3.6137 Remnant EVC 127: revegeta- E Gray area Valley tion areas Reserve adjacent to Heathy mown park/ Forest playground Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 57

Reserve Size of Area of Description Ecological Size of Reserve Bushland entire Vegetation Patch in Reserve Class The size category for the bushland patches within reserves has Reserve (hectares) been determined based on area, and definitions of each size Charles Small ? Largely EVC 127: category are presented below: Rooks mown Valley Large – reserve is greater than 4 hectares in size and mostly Reserve with small Heathy remnant Forest contains patches of remnant vegetation (with some areas of areas and revegeta- lawn and/or revegetation beds). tion areas Medium – reserve is greater than 4 hectares in size, Blackburn Small 10 ha (in Largely COULD NOT but mostly contains lawn and revegetation areas with some Creeklands total) mown CONFIRM with small FOR BLACK- patches of remnant vegetation. remnant BURN REEK- areas and Small – reserve can be of any size. Larger reserves that only revegeta- LANDS tion areas contain a few small patches of remnant vegetation amongst Kalang Park Small 10 ha (in Largely EVC 126: large areas of lawn and/or revegetation beds; or reserves of up total) mown Swampy to two hectares in size that contain some remnant vegetation with small Riparian remnant Woodland along with lawn, playgrounds and/or revegetation beds. areas and revegeta- along the tion areas creek; EVC 127: Valley Appendix 11 – Community Heathy Forest Open Space and EVC 47: Valley The following list presents known Council assets, or Grassy Forest away community open space. These include buildings, parks from creek and reserves and other facilities/land. This list would Furness Small 10 ha (in Largely EVC 126: require detailed refining and site by site confirmation to Park total) mown Swampy with small Riparian determine the applicability of biodiversity opportunities. remnant Complex areas and revegeta- Council Owned and/or Managed Buildings tion areas Building Description Address Blacks Walk Small 10 ha (in Largely EVC 47: total) mown Valley B065 Box Hill – Garage Box Hill Vic 3128 with small Grassy remnant Forest areas and revegeta- B064 Box Hill – House Box Hill Vic 3128 tion areas Trove Park Small 0.2071 Remnant EVC 127: B180 Mitcham – House Mitcham Vic 3132 bushland Valley total Heathy B537 Surrey Hills– Garage Surrey Hills Vic 3127 Forest Buckanbe Small 0.3265 Largely EVC 127: B536 Surrey Hills – Surrey Hills Vic 3127 Park mown with Valley Dwelling small rem- Heathy nant area Forest B152 Blackburn Road, Blackburn Road Burwood East Burwood East Vic Lookout Small ? Largely re- EVC 126: 3151 Trail Park claimed tip Swampy site, small Riparian B171 Forest Hill – House Forest Hill Vic 3131 areas mown Woodland native plantings, B535 Box Hill – Garage Box Hill Vic 3128 minimal remnant B529 Box Hill Box Hill Vic 3128

Gardiners Small ? Largely Not known Creek mown park, B183 Forest Hill, House Forest Hill Vic 3131 Reserve revegeta- tion beds, small rem- B335 Mitcham – Garage Mitcham Vic 3132 nant area Poole Street Small 0.77 0.47ha rem- Not known B201 Mitcham – House Mitcham Vic 3132 Reserve nant patch with intact B337 Antonio Park Picnic 22 To 40 Deep Creek canopy and Shelter Road Mitcham Vic slashed understo- 3132 rey within B220 Antonio Park Public 22 To 40 Deep Creek larger reserve Toilets Road Mitcham Vic 3132

Esplanade Small 0.4 0.05ha ‘no Not known B050 Aqualink Box Hill – 31 Surrey Drive Box Reserve mow’ patch Equipment Store Hill Vic 3128 within larger reserve B051 Aqualink Box Hill – 31 Surrey Drive Box Machinery Shed Hill Vic 3128 58 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

B502 Aqualink Box Hill – 31 Surrey Drive Box B234 Boondara Road 23 Boondara Road Main Building Hill Vic 3128 Reserve – Garage Mont Albert North Vic 3129

B503 Aqualink 6 Fraser Place Forest B342 Boondara Road 23 Boondara Road Nunawading – Main Hill Vic 3131 Reserve – Shelter Mont Albert North Building Vic 3129 B528 Aqualink 6 Fraser Place Forest B137 Bowling Clubrooms – 179 Station Street Nunawading – Plant Hill Vic 3131 Bennettswood Burwood Vic 3125 Room B013 Bowling Clubrooms – 63 To 65 Pakenham B031 Incorporated Blackburn South Vic Blackburn Street Blackburn Vic Building 3130 3130 B023 Bowling Clubrooms – 93 Springfield Road B169 Ballyshanassy Reserve 465 Highbury Road Blackburn North Blackburn North Vic Pavilion Burwood East Vic 3130 3151 B021 Bowling Clubrooms 93 Springfield Road B310 Barriburn Pre-School 337 Morack Road – Blackburn North Blackburn North Vic Vermont South Vic – Shed 3130 3133 B020 Bowling Clubrooms 93 Springfield Road B279 Bayswater 66 Dunlavin Road – Blackburn North – Blackburn North Vic Nunawading Homing Nunawading Vic 3131 Toilet Block 3130 Pigeon Club

B396 Bellbird Dell 123 A Terrara Road B073 Bowling Clubrooms – 835 Whitehorse Information Board Vermont South Vic Box Hill Road Box Hill Vic 3128 3133 B072 Bowling Clubrooms – 835 Whitehorse B138 Bennettswood Ballet 175 A Burwood Hwy Box Hill – Machinery Road Box Hill Vic 3128 Storage Burwood Vic 3125 Shed B368 Bowling Clubrooms – 835 Whitehorse B532 Bennettswood 7 Greenwood St Box Hill – Shed Road Box Hill Vic 3128 Neigbourhood House Burwood Vic 3125 – Shed B369 Bowling Clubrooms – 835 Whitehorse B145 Bennettswood 7 Greenwood St Box Hill – Shelter Road Box Hill Vic 3128 Neighbourhood Burwood Vic 3125 House B227 Bowling Clubrooms – 1 Bowling Green B140 Bennettswood 175 Burwood Hwy Mitcham Lane Mitcham Vic Reserve North Burwood Vic 3125 3132 Pavilion B349 Bowling Clubrooms 30 B Livingstone B139 Bennettswood 175 Burwood Hwy – Vermont South – Road Vermont South Reserve South Burwood Vic 3125 Shed Vic 3133 Pavilion B301 Bowling Clubrooms 30 B Livingstone B156 Benwerrin Pre-School 120 To 122 Burwood – Vermont South – Road Vermont South Highway Burwood Store Vic 3133 East Vic 3151 B222 Bowling Clubrooms ? 114 Heatherdale B291 Billabong Reserve 414 A Burwood Heatherdale Road Mitcham Vic Pavilion Highway Vermont 3132 South Vic 3133 B038 Box Hill Ballet Hall Front 1022 B292 Birralee Pre-School 21 Weeden Drive Whitehorse Road Box Vermont South Vic Hill Vic 3128 3133 B079 Box Hill Band Hall 411 Middleborough B004 Blackburn (The Pines) 25 Central Road Road Box Hill Vic 3128 Senior Citizens Centre Blackburn Vic 3130 B085 Box Hill City Oval 1153 to 1155 – Coaches Box and Whitehorse Road Box B003 Blackburn Childrens 15 Central Road Curator's Store Hill Vic 3128 Services Centre Blackburn Vic 3130 B081 Box Hill City Oval – 1153 to 1155 Kiosk Whitehorse Road Box B158 Blackburn Cycling Rear 300 BURWOOD Hill Vic 3128 Club HWY BURWOOD EAST VIC 3151 B087 Box Hill City Oval – 1153 to 1155 North Pavilion Whitehorse Road Box B008 Blackburn Lake 80 Central Road Hill Vic 3128 Sanctuary Visitor Blackburn Vic 3130 Centre B088 Box Hill City Oval – 1153 to 1155 Presidents Function Whitehorse Road Box B001 Blackburn Library 21 Blackburn Road Room Hill Vic 3128 Blackburn Vic 3130 B403 Box Hill City Oval 1153 to 1155 B406 Blackburn North 21 66 To 104 – Ron and Barbara Whitehorse Road Box Maternal and Child Springfield Road Gibbs Entrance Ticket Hill Vic 3128 Health Centre Blackburn Vic 3130 Box

B392 Blackburn North 2 B 66 To 104 B083 Box Hill City Oval – 1153 to 1155 Square Hall Springfield Road Scoreboard Whitehorse Road Box Blackburn Vic 3130 Hill Vic 3128

B032 Blackburn South Hall 2 Holland Road B401 Box Hill City Oval – 1153 to 1155 Blackburn South Vic Shelters Whitehorse Road Box 3130 Hill Vic 3128 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 59

B402 Box Hill City Oval – 1153 to 1155 B353 Bungalook Nursery – 55 To 57 Swan Street South Pavilion Whitehorse Road Box Office Blackburn South Vic Hill Vic 3128 3130 B355 Bungalook Nursery 55 To 57 Swan Street B080 Box Hill City Oval – 1153 to 1155 – Shed Blackburn South Vic Toilet Whitehorse Road Box 3130 Hill Vic 3128 B354 Bungalook Nursery 55 To 57 Swan Street B066 Box Hill Community 470 Station Street – Store Blackburn South Vic Arts Centre Box Hill Vic 3128 3130 B093 Burgess Family Centre 15 Barwon Street Box B331 Box Hill Community 470 Station Street Hill North Vic 3129 Arts Centre – Mens Box Hill Vic 3128 Shed B333 Burgess Family Centre 15 Barwon Street Box B034 Box Hill Gardens 16 Irving Avenue Box – Sheds Hill North Vic 3129 Multi Purpose Toilet Hill Vic 3128 Block B506 Burwood 1 Church Street B076 Box Hill Library 1038 Whitehorse Neighbourhood Burwood Vic 3125 Road Box Hill Vic 3128 House including activity room

B518 Box Hill Mall – Cafe B067 Central Box Hill 517 Station Street Structure at corner Childrens Services Box Hill Vic 3128 of Main Street and Centre Market – will become B148 Chinese Community 14 Livingstone Close kiosk Social Service Centre Burwood Vic 3125 B517 Box Hill Mall – Cafe Structure at front of B208 Church Street Flats 2 To 24 Church St 25 Market Street Mitcham Vic 3132 B390 Box Hill Mall – Cafe Structure at front of B384 City of Whitehorse 379 to 399 3 Market Street Civic Centre and Whitehorse Road Council Chambers – Nunawading Vic 3131 B058 Box Hill Mall – Shed 1 Township Cleaner Amenity Block B385 City of Whitehorse 379 to 399 Civic Centre and Whitehorse Road B242 Box Hill Miniature 521 Belmore Road Council Chambers – Nunawading Vic 3131 Steam Railway – Mont Albert North Shed 2 Kiosk Vic 3129 B383 City of Whitehorse 379 to 399 B531 Box Hill Miniature 521 Belmore Road Civic Centre and Whitehorse Road Steam Railway Mont Albert North Council Chambers – Nunawading Vic 3131 Barbeque Shelter Vic 3129 Shed 3

B238 Box Hill Miniature 521 Belmore Road B507 Civic Centre, Council 379 to 399 Steam Railway Public Mont Albert North Chambers and Whitehorse Road Toilets Vic 3129 Nunawading Library Nunawading Vic 3131 B241 Box Hill Miniature 521 Belmore Road B040 Clota Cottage 31 Clota Ave Box Hill Steam Railway Shed Mont Albert North Neighbourhood Vic 3128 Vic 3129 House B243 Box Hill Miniature 521 Belmore Road B533 Clota Cottage 31 Clota Ave Box Hill Steam Railway Signal Mont Albert North Neighbourhood Vic 3128 Office Vic 3129 House – Shed B240 Box Hill Miniature 521 Belmore Road B508 Boarding Houset Box Hill Vic 3128 Steam Railway Mont Albert North Station Building and Vic 3129 B042 Boarding House – Box Hill Vic 3128 Platform Garage B239 Box Hill Miniature 521 Belmore Road Steam Railway Mont Albert North B375 Boarding House – Box Hill Vic 3128 Workshop / Vic 3129 Shed Clubrooms B226 Dr Stanley 257 to 259 Mitcham B039 Box Hill Senior 79 to 81 Carrington Cochrane Memorial Road Mitcham Vic Citizens and Meals on Road Box Hill Vic 3128 Kindergarten 3132 Wheels (Carrington Centre) B260 EACH (Eastern Access 8 to 10 Silver Grove Community Health) – Nunawading Vic 3131 B135 Box Hill South Family 1228 Riversdale Road # 10 Silver Grove Centre Box Hill South Vic 3128 B259 EACH (Eastern Access 6 Silver Grove Community Health) – Nunawading Vic 3131 B504 Box Hill South 47 Kitchener Street # 6 Silver Grove Neighbourhood Box Hill South Vic House and Garage 3128 B262 EACH (Eastern Access 14 Silver Grove Community Health) Nunawading Vic 3131 B505 Box Hill Town Hall 1022 Whitehorse and U3A – # 14 Silver and Hub Road Box HillVic 3128 Grove B265 EACH (Eastern Access 8 To 10 Silver Grove B404 Brentford Square Community Health) Nunawading Vic 3131 Shopping Arcade Storage – Roof # 8 Silver Grove 60 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

B159 East Burwood Hall 310 Burwood B172 Forest Hill Hall 402 to 404 Highway Burwood Canterbury Road East Vic 3151 Forest Hill Vic 3131 B153 East Burwood Pre- 25 Statesman Avenue B177 Forest Hill Reserve 4 Fraser Place Forest School Burwood East Vic Pavilion Hill Vic 3131 3151 B154 East Burwood Pre- 25 Statesman Avenue B366 Forest Hill Reserve 384 to 400 School – Store Burwood East Vic Scoreboard Canterbury Road 3151 Forest Hill Vic 3131 B168 East Burwood Rear 330 Burwood Reserve – Bill Sewart Highway Burwood B147 Frances Cato 19 Livingstone Close Athletics – Equipment East Vic 3151 Building (Wattle Park Burwood Vic 3125 Shed Childrens Services Centre and Wattle B166 East Burwood Rear 330 Burwood Hill Kindergarten) Reserve – Bill Sewart Highway Burwood Athletics Track East Vic 3151 B247 Friend Street 5 Friend Street Mont Pavilion Kindergarten Albert North Vic 3129 B163 East Burwood Rear 320 Burwood Reserve – North Highway Burwood B399 Gardiners Creek Early 15 Sinnott Street Pavilion / Highland East Vic 3151 Settlers Shelter Burwood Vic 3125 Pipe Band

B165 East Burwood 330 Burwood B395 Gardiners Creek 192 to 196 Burwood Reserve – Highway Burwood Shelter Hwy Burwood Vic Nunawading East Vic 3151 3125 Basketball Centre B077 Boarding House Whitehorse Road Box B167 East Burwood Rear 310 Burwood Hill Vic 3128 Reserve – Scoreboard Highway Burwood East Vic 3151 B078 Boarding House – Whitehorse Road Box B164 East Burwood 320 Burwood Carport Hill Vic 3128 Reserve – The Highway Burwood Whitehorse Club East Vic 3151 B370 Boarding House – Whitehorse Road Shed Box Hill Vic 3128 B160 East Burwood 298 To 336 Burwood Reserve Public Toilets Highway Burwood East Vic 3151 B111 Greenlink Nursery 41 Wimmera Street Box Hill North Vic B162 East Burwood South Rear 310 Burwood 3129 Pavilion and Sports Highway Burwood Club Social Rooms East Vec 3151 B112 Greenlink Nursery – 41 Wimmera Street Shade House Box Hill North Vic B289 Eastmont Pre-School 32 Frank Street 3129 Vermont Vic 3133

B029 Eley Park Community 87 Eley Road B113 Greenlink Nursery – 41 Wimmera Street Centre Blackburn South Vic Shade House Box Hill North Vic 3130 3129

B246 Elgar Park North 659 Elgar Road Mont B151 Guide Hall – 19 Station Street Pavilion ? Hockey/ Albert North Vic 3129 Bennettswood / Burwood Vic 3125 Cricket Burwood B244 Elgar Park South 653 to 661 Elgar Road B026 Guide Hall – 83 Eley Road Pavilion Mont Albert North Blackburn South Blackburn South Vic Vic 3129 3130 B057 Elland Avenue 6 Elland Avenue Box B249 Guide Hall – Box Hill 73 Rostrevor Parade Children’s Service’s Hill Vic 3128av North Mont Albert North Centre Vic 3129 B061 EPA Monitor Station 981 Canterbury Road B012 Guide Hall – 11 Garie Street Box Hill Vic 3128 Laburnum Blackburn Vic 3130

B332 Exeloo E2 Box Hill 717 to 731 Station St B252 Guide Hall – 13 C Luckie Street Gardens Box Hill Vic 3128 Nunawading Nunawading Vic 3131 B410 Exeloo E3 Blackburn B284 Guide Hall – Vermont 11 Nunkeri Street Shops District Vermont Vic 3133

B415 Exeloo E6 Brentford B096 Hagenauer Reserve 530 Elgar Road Box Square Pavilion – Athletics Hill North Vic 3129

B097 Hagenauer Reserve 530 Elgar Road Box B281 Florence Road Pre- 2 Florence Road Pavilion – Shed Hill North Vic 3129 School Surrey Hills Vic 3127

B405 Forest Hill Chase 130 270 Canterbury B095 Hagenauer Reserve 530 Elgar Road Box Customer Service Road Forest Hill Vic Pavilion – Store Hill North Vic 3129 Centre 3131 B170 Forest Hill Family 35 Bennett Street B133 Hall – Box Hill Lions 1230 Riversdale Road Centre Forest Hill Vic 3131 Club Box Hill South Vic 3128 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 61

B228 Halliday Park Public 308 to 332 Mitcham B328 Larch Street 16 Larch Street Toilets and Services Road Mitcham Vic Kindergarten – Shed Blackburn Vic 3130 Building 3132 B400 Lookout Trail Park – 642 to 648 Burwood B341 Halliday Park Shelter 308 to 332 Mitcham Lookout Tower Highway Vermont Road Mitcham Vic South Vic 3133 3132 B225 Lucknow Street 37 Lucknow Street B230 Heatherdale Pre- 12 Purches Street Children’s Services Mitcham Vic 3132 School Mitcham Vic 3132 Centre B193 Mahoneys Reserve 144 Mahoneys Road B381 Heatherdale 114 Heatherdale Road North Pavilion Forest Hill Vic 3131 Recreation and Bowls Mitcham Vic 3132 – Front Shed B194 Mahoneys Reserve 146 Mahoneys Road B380 Heatherdale 114 Heatherdale Road South Pavilion Forest Hill Vic 3131 Recreation and Bowls Mitcham Vic 3132 – Rear Shed B325 Market Street Waste Rear 15 Market Street B223 Heatherdale Reserve 116 to 124 Store Box Hill Vic 3128 Pavilion Heatherdale Road Mitcham Vic 3132 B030 Mirrabooka Reserve Pavilion 111 Orchard Grove B155 Highbury Park Public 400 Blackburn Road Blackburn South Vic Toilets Burwood East Vic 3130 3151 B207 Mitcham Community 19 Brunswick Road B036 Holbury Childrens 29 Raleigh Street House Mitcham Vic 3132 Centre Blackburn South Vic 3130 B205 Mitcham Family 15 Brunswick Road B184 Horticultural Centre – 66 to 82 Jolimont Centre Mitcham Vic 3132 Function Rooms Road Forest Hill Vic 3131 B428 Mitcham Mall – 1 to 9 Edward Street B187 Horticultural Centre 56 to 62 Jolimont Shelter Mitcham Vic 3132 – Glass House (Steel Road Forest Hill Vic Frame) 3131 B221 Mitcham Mall Car 1 to 9 Edward Street B523 Horticultural Centre 56 to 62 Jolimont Park Mitcham Vic 3132 – Steel Shade House Road Forest Hill Vic and Shed 3131 B413 Mitcham Mall – B025 Indra Pre-School 38 Edinburgh Road Exeloo E9 Blackburn South Vic 3130 B033 Mitcham Senior 14 to 18 Station B261 Jaycees Hall – # 2 12 Silver Grove Citizens (Leased) Street Mitcham Vic Silver Grove Nunawading Vic 3131 3132 B409 Mont Albert Village 1 G Hamilton St Mont B009 Kalang Park Pavilion 11 Kalang Street Exeloo E4 Albert Vic 3127 Blackburn Vic 3130 B509 Morack Public Golf 333 Morack Road Course – Caretakers Vermont South Vic B017 Katrina Pre-School 69 Katrina Street House and Carport 3133 Blackburn North Vic 3130 B316 Morack Public Golf 201 Morack Road Course – Clubhouse Vermont South Vic B100 Kerrimuir 57 Linda Avenue Box 3133 Neighbourhood Hill North Vic 3129 House B315 Morack Public Golf 199 Morack Road Course – Driving Vermont South Vic B010 King Street Shop 16 A King Street Range Shelter 3133 Blackburn Vic 3130 B359 Morack Public 199 to 335 Morack B530 Kingsley Gardens 805a Whitehorse Golf Course – Road Vermont South Barbeque Shelter Rotad Mont Albert Maintenance Carport Vic 3133 Vic 3127 B510 Morack Public Golf 201 Morack Road B018 Koonung Cottage 109 Koonung Road Course – Proshop and Vermont South Vic Community House Blackburn North Vic Canopy 3133 3130 B314 Morack Public Golf 199 to 335 Morack B019 Koonung Cottage 109 Koonung Road Course Maintenance Road Vermont South Community House Blackburn North Vic Lunchroom Vic 3133 – Shed 3130

B022 Koonung Park 85 to 103 Springfield B313 Morack Public Golf 199 to 335 Morack Pavilion Road Blackburn Course Maintenance Road Vermont South North Vic 3130 Workshop Vic 3133 B266 Laburnam Angling 4 Silver Grove B007 Morton Park Pavilion 35 Central Road Club – Garage Nunawading Vic 3131 Blackburn Vic 3130

B258 Laburnum Angling 4 Silver Grove B005 Morton Park Pavilion 35 Central Road Club # 4 Silver Grove Nunawading Vic 3131 – Kiosk Blackburn Vic 3130

B015 Larch Street 16 Larch Street B006 Morton Park Pavilion 35 Central Road Kindergarten Blackburn Vic 3130 – Scoreboard Blackburn Vic 3130 62 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

B327 Morton Park Pavilion 35 Central Road B014 Pope Road 52 to 54 Pope Road – Shelter Blackburn Vic 3130 Kindergarten Blackburn Vic 3130

B254 Mountainview 25 Mountainview B352 Pope Road 52 to 54 Pope Road Cottage Road Nunawading Kindergarten – Blackburn Vic 3130 Vic 3131 Shelter B412 Rangeview – Exeloo 481 to 483 Mitcham B257 Nunawading and 2 Silver Grove Road Mitcham Vic District Lapidary Club Nunawading Vic 3131 3132 # 2 Silver Grove B231 Rangeview Pre- 3 Rupert St Mitcham B371 Nunawading and 650 Burwood School Vic 3132 District Motorcross Highway Vermont Club South Vic 3133 B534 Redland Drive 608 to 612 Mitcham B263 Nunawading 16 to 20 Silver Grove Reserve Barbeque Road Mitcham Vic Community Centre Nunawading Vic 3131 Shelter 3132

B430 Nunawading 56 to 62 Jolimont B146 Rentoul Hall 16 Livingstone Cl Community Gardens Road Forest Hill Vic Burwood Vic 3125 Garage 3131 B278 Nunawading 411 Whitehorse Road B326 Schwerkolt Cottage – 2 to 10 Deep Creek Gymnastics and Nunawading Vic 3131 Exeloo E1 and E2 Road Mitcham Vic Sports Club 3132 B373 Nunawading Motor 650 Burwood B214 Schwerkolt Cottage – 2 to 10 Deep Creek Cross Club – Carport Highway Vermont Smoke House Road Mitcham Vic South Vic 3133 3132 B264 Nunawading Senior 22 Silver Grove B219 Schwerkolt Cottage – 2 to 10 Deep Creek Citizens Club and Nunawading Vic 3131 The Barn Road Mitcham Vic Meals on Wheels 3132 B424 Nunawading Shops B422 Schwerkolt Cottage 2 to 10 Deep Creek Exeloo E5 – The Equipment Road Mitcham Vic Display Building 3132 (Tractor) B178 Nunawading 10 Fraser Place Forest Swimming Club Hill Vic 3131 B218 Schwerkolt Cottage – 2 to 10 Deep Creek Clubrooms The Smithy Road Mitcham Vic 3132 B196 Nunawading Toy 19 Norma Road Library Forest Hill Vic 3131 B217 Schwerkolt Cottage – 2 to 10 Deep Creek Wine Cellar Road Mitcham Vic 3132 B362 Nunawading Toy 19 Norma Road Library Shed Forest Hill Vic 3131 B512 Schwerkolt Cottage 2 to 10 Deep Creek and Verandah Road Mitcham Vic 3132 B519 Ormond Avenue Flats Ormond Avenue Mitcham Vic 3132 B513 Schwerkolt Cottage 2 to 10 Deep Creek Complex – Historical Road Mitcham Vic Museum, Implement 3132 B520 Ormond Avenue Flats Ormond Avenue Shed and Verandah Mitcham Vic 3132 B233 Scout Hall – 10th/13th 23 Boondara Road Box Hill Mont Albert North B521 Ormond Avenue Flats 30 to 38 Ormond Ave Vic 3129 Mitcham Vic 3132

B115 Scout Hall – 11th Box 31 Tyne Street Box B182 Parkmore Pre-School 41 Jolimont Road Hill Hill North Vic 3129 Forest Hill Vic 3131

B094 Parkside Pre-School 524 Elgar Road Box B150 Scout Hall – 1st 21 Station Street Hill North Vic 3129 Bennettswood Burwood Vic 3125

B188 ParksWide Nursery – 56 to 62 Jolimont B179 Scout Hall – 1st Forest 15 Sapphire Street Glass House 1 (Brick Road Forest Hill Vic Hill Forest Hill Vic 3131 Frame) 3131 B189 ParksWide Nursery – 56 to 62 Jolimont B232 Scout Hall – 1st 34 Purches Street Glass House 2 (Brick Road Forest Hill Vic Heatherdale Mitcham Vic 3132 Frame) 3131 B191 ParksWide Nursery – 56 to 62 Jolimont B045 Scout Hall – 1st Mont 32 Alexander Street Igloo 1 Road Forest Hill Vic Albert Box Hill Vic 3128 3131

B192 ParksWide Nursery – 56 to 62 Jolimont B253` Scout Hall – 1st 5 Mark Place Igloo 2 Road Forest Hill Vic Nunawading Nunawading Vic 3131 3131 B190 ParksWide Nursery – 56 to 62 Jolimont B195 Scout Hall – 1st Tally 148 Mahoneys Road Potting Shed, Offices, Road Forest Hill Vic Ho Forest Hill Vic 3131 Lunchroom 3131 B186 ParksWide Nursery 56 to 62 Jolimont B267 Scout Hall – 1st 43 A Springvale Road – Shade House (Steel Road Forest Hill Vic Tunstall Nunawading Vic 3131 Frame) 3131 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 63

B382 Scout Hall – 1st 43 B Springvale Road B250 Strabane Chapel Hall 27 to 29 Strabane Ave Tunstall – Tin Shed Nunawading Vic 3131 Mont Albert North Vic 3129 B206 Scout Hall – 1st/3rd 17 Brunswick Road B197 Strathdon House 449 To 467 Springvale Mitcham Mitcham Vic 3132 Road Forest Hill Vic 3131 B011 Scout Hall – 2nd 34 Pakenham Street B199 Strathdon House – 449 To 467 Springvale Blackburn Blackburn Vic 3130 Garage Road Forest Hill Vic 3131 B432 Scout Hall – 2nd 53 A Cochrane Street B360 Strathdon House – 449 To 467 Springvale Mitcham Mitcham Vic 3132 Shed Road Forest Hill Vic 3131 B283 Scout Hall – 2nd 13 Nunkeri Street B429 Strathdon House – 449 To 467 Springvale Vermont Vermont Vic 3133 Windmill Road Forest Hill Vic 3131 B149 Scout Hall – 3rd 8 A Rees Street B376 Surrey Park Apex 354 Elgar Road Box Bennettswood Burwood Vic 3125 Gazebo Hill Vic 3128

B237 Scout Hall – 6th / 4th 543 Elgar Road Mont B054 Surrey Park Model 25 Standard Avenue Box Hill Albert North Vic 3129 Boat Club Box Hill Vic 3128

B134 Scout Hall – 9th Box 1228 A Riversdale B053 Surrey Park North 23 Surrey Drive Box Hill Road Box Hill South Central – Baseball Hill Vic 3128 Vic 3128 B056 Surrey Park South 25 Surrey Drive Box B027 Scout Hall – Milpara 85 Eley Road Central Clubrooms ? Hill Vic 3128 Blackburn South Vic Dog Obedience 3130 B052 Surrey Park South 31 Surrey Drive Box B099 SES Building Ses 1 Ailsa Street Box West Pavilion – Hill Vic 3128 Hill South Vic 3128 Football / Cricket B055 Surrey Park 31 Alexander Street B117C SES Building – Office Ses 1 Ailsa Street Box Swimming Club Box Hill Vic 3128 Portable Hill South Vic 3128 Clubrooms B334 Tassells Park Outdoor 123 Woodhouse B514 Simpson Park 22 to 60 Cochrane St Shelter Grove Box Hill North Community Facility Mitcham Vic 3132 Vic 3129 (includes public toilets and verandah) B141 Tennis Clubrooms – 264 Burwood Bennettswood Highway Burwood B035 Sir Edgar and Lady 20 Neil Court Vic 3125 Coles Pre-School Blackburn South Vic 3130 B002 Tennis Clubrooms – 5 Central Road Blackburn Blackburn Vic 3130 B330 Sir Edgar and Lady 20 Neil Court Coles Pre-School – Blackburn South Vic Store 3130 B345 Tennis Clubrooms – 18 Harding Street Bluebell Hill Surrey Hills Vic 3127 B411 Skate Park Exeloo E8 327 Middleborough Road Box Hill South Vic 3128 B157 Tennis Clubrooms – 300 Burwood East Burwood Highway Burwood B016 Slater Reserve 11 Grosvenor Street East Vic 3151 Basketball Stadium Blackburn North Vic 3130 B028 Tennis Clubrooms – 83 To 105 Eley Road Eley Park Blackburn South Vic B397 South Parade 1 South Parade 3130 Rotunda Blackburn Vic 3130 B329 Tennis Clubrooms – 83 To 105 Eley Road B062 Sparks Reserve North 122 Albion Road Box Eley Park – Store Blackburn South Vic Pavilion – Archery Hill Vic 3128 3130 B224 Tennis Clubrooms – 69 Purches Street B367 Sparks Reserve South 999 Canterbury Road Heatherdale Mitcham Vic 3132 (Rugby) Pavilion – Box Hill Vic 3128 Shelter B379 Tennis Clubrooms – 69 Purches Street Heatherdale – Store Mitcham Vic 3132

B063 Sparks Reserve South 999 Canterbury Road B024 Tennis Clubrooms – 99 Springfield Road Pavilion ? Rugby Box Hill Vic 3128 Koonung Park Blackburn North Vic 3130 B423 Sportlink Vermont 2 Hanover Road South Vermont South Vic B098 Tennis Clubrooms – 24 Elizabeth Street 3133 North Box Hill Box Hill North Vic 3129 B538 Springfield Park 2 Springfield Road Pavilion Box Hill North Vic B511 Tennis Clubrooms 6 Lane Street 3129 – Nunawading and Nunawading Vic 3131 Scout Hall – 1st B245 St Johns Ambulance 657 Elgar Road Mont Koonung Creek Pavilion Albert North Vic 3129 (Nicoll Reserve) 64 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

B285 Tennis Clubrooms – 12 Nunkeri Street B302 Vermont South Club 30 B Livingstone Vermont Vermont Vic 3133 – Bowling/Tennis Road Vermont South Vic 3133 B346 Tennis Clubrooms – 12 Nunkeri Street B306 Vermont South 1 Karobran Drive Vermont – Shelter Vermont Vic 3133 Community House Vermont South Vic 3133 B300 Tennis Clubrooms – 30 A Livingstone Vermont South Road Vermont South B309 Vermont South 1 Karobran Drive Vic 3133 Community House Vermont South Vic – Shed (next to 3133 B280 Tennis Clubrooms 68 Dunlavin Road Workshop) and Public Toilets – Nunawading Vic 3131 Mitcham B522 Vermont South 1 Karobran Drive Community House Vermont South Vic B320 Terrera Park Pavilion 127 A Terrara Road – Shelter (next to 3133 1 (Social Rooms) Vermont South Vic Community House) 3133 B356 Vermont South 1 Karobran Drive Community House Vermont South Vic B321 Terrera Park Pavilion 127 A Terrara Road – Shelter (next to 3133 2 Vermont South Vic Studio) 3133 B308 Vermont South 1 Karobran Drive Community House Vermont South Vic B322 Terrera Park Pavilion 127 A Terrara Road 3133 3 Vermont South Vic 3133 B351 Vermont South 1 Karobran Drive Community House – Vermont South Vic Shed beside Studio 3133 B323 Terrera Park Pavilion 127 A Terrara Road 4 Vermont South Vic B350 Vermont South 1 Karobran Drive 3133 Community House – Vermont South Vic Workshop 3133 B324 Terrara Pre-School 15 Walbrook Drive B358 Vermont South 2 A Hanover Road Vermont South Vic Cricket Club Pavilion Vermont South Vic 3133 (Log Cabin) 3133 B317 Utility Sub-Station 199 To 335 Morack B305 Vermont South 1 Pavey Place Road Vermont South Library Vermont South Vic Vic 3133 3133 B282 Utility Sub-Station 18 A Harding Street B357 Vermont South 2 Hanover Road Surrey Hills Vic 3127 Pavilion (Brick Vermont South Vic Building) 3133 B248 Utility Sub-Station 5 A Friend Street B277 Walker Park Pavilion 407 Whitehorse Road Mont Albert North and Grandstand Nunawading Vic 3131 Vic 3129 B235 Utility Sub-Station 25 Boondara Road B343 Walker Park 413 to 425 Mont Albert North Scoreboard Whitehorse Road Vic 3129 Nunawading Vic 3131 B114 Utility Sub-Station 901 Station Street B344 Walker Park Ticket 413 to 425 Box Hill North Vic Box Whitehorse Road 3129 Nunawading Vic 3131 B108 Utility Sub-Station 2 A Springfield Road Box Hill North Vic B251 Warekila Pre-School 38 Kett Street 3129 Nunawading Vic 3131 B136 Utility Sub-Station 217 A Station Street Box Hill South Vic B037 Warrawong Multi 32 Richmond Street 3128 Purpose Room Blackburn South Vic 3130 B161 Utility Sub-Station 316 Burwood Highway Burwood B414 Wattle Park Tram East Vic 3151 Stop Exeloo E7 B418 Utility Sub-Station 27 Bank Street Box (Electricity) Hill Vic 3128 B070 Watts Street Car Park 5 Watts Street Box Hill Vic 3128 B290 Vermont Primary 10 Nurlendi Road School Kindergarten Vermont Vic 3133 B071 Watts Street 10 to 12 Watts Street Children’s Services Box Hill Vic 3128 B527 Vermont Reserve 556 To 566 Centre Pavilion Canterbury Road Vermont Vic 3133 B129 Wembley 1000 Canterbury B286 Vermont Reserve 556 To 566 Park – Former Road Box Hill South Scoreboard Canterbury Road Reverberatory Vic 3128 Vermont Vic 3133 Incinerator B417 Vermont Reserve 556 To 566 B425 Wembley Park – 1000 Canterbury Ticket Box Canterbury Road Public Toilets Road Box Hill South Vermont Vic 3133 Vic 3128 B389 Vermont South 35 Livingstone Road B128 Wembley Park – 1000 Canterbury Children’s Services Vermont South Vic Ticket Box Road Box Hill South Centre 3133 Vic 3128 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 65

B426 Wembley Park North 1000 Canterbury Adrian Danaher Ellad Close, Vermont 3124 East Pavilion – Soccer Road Box Hill South Reserve Vic 3128 B125 Wembley Park 1000 Canterbury Albion Road Reserve Albion Road, Box Hill 813 Pavilion (includes Road Box Hill South Grandstand) Vic 3128 B274 Whitehorse Centre 379 to 399 Amaroo Court Padgham Court 2341 Whitehorse Road Reserve Reserve, Box Hill Nunawading Vic 3131 North B393 Whitehorse 69 to 79 Mahoneys Anjaya Court Reserve Anjaya Court, 1404 Community Resource Road Forest Hill Vic Blackburn Centre 3131 B524 Whitehorse 1 Ailsa Street Box Hill Ansett Crescent Ansett Crescent, 7086 Operations South Vic 3128 Reserve Forest Hill Centre (Depot) – Administration Office and Amenities Areas Antonio New Lands Manorwood Place, 19,189 Park Mitcham B526 Whitehorse 1 Ailsa Street Box Hill Operations Centre South Vic 3128 (Depot) – Perimeter Antonio Park Deep Creek Road, 72,186 Stores and Canopy Mitcham B525 Whitehorse 1 Ailsa Street Box Hill Operations Centre South Vic 3128 Apex Park Daniel Street and 2617 (Depot) – Workshops, Faelen Street, Store and Canopy Burwood B296 Whitehorse Recycling 638 to 640 Burwood Artists Park Prince Street and and Waste Centre – Highway Vermont Foch Street, Box Hill Drott Shed South Vic 3133 South 6963 B295 Whitehorse Recycling 638 to 640 Burwood Ashmole Park Strabane Avenue and 1800 and Waste Centre – Highway Vermont Hawkins Avenue, Pit Canopy South Vic 3133 Mont Albert North B416 Whitehorse Recycling 638 to 640 Burwood Ashted Road Reserve Ashted Road, Box Hill 793 and Waste Centre – Highway Vermont Pump Shed South Vic 3133 B515 Whitehorse Recycling 638 to 640 Burwood Avon Avenue Reserve Avon Avenue, 5203 and Waste Centre Highway Vermont Mitcham – Recycle Shed and South Vic 3133 attached Canopy Ballina Terrace Ballina Terrace, 6386 B293 Whitehorse Recycling 638 to 640 Burwood Reserve Vermont South and Waste Centre – Highway Vermont Office South Vic 3133 BallyShannassy Park Highbury Road, 35,769 B092 Whitehorse Reserve 1158 to 1160 Burwood East Drama House Whitehorse Road Box Hill Vic 3128 Banksia Waratah Banksia Street and 3964 B090 Whitehorse Reserve 1158 to 1160 Reserve Waratah Avenue, Drama House Store Whitehorse Road Box Burwood Hill Vic 3128 Barossa Avenue Barossa Avenue, 2041 B091 Whitehorse Reserve 1158 Whitehorse Reserve Vermont South Pavilion Road Box Hill Vic 3128 Barter Crescent Barter Crescent, 245 B516 Woodhouse Grove 110 to 112 Reserve Forest Hill Kindergarten and Woodhouse Grove, Playgroup Box Hill North Vic Beatty Street Reserve Beatty Street, Mont 1895 3129 Albert B203 Yarran Dheran Depot 1 A Ashburton Drive (Store) Mitcham VIC 3132 Bellbird Dell N/A 20,900 (VicRoads land) B202 Yarran Dheran 1 A Ashburton Drive Information Centre Mitcham VIC 3132 Bellbird Dell Reserve Terrara Road, 192,839 Vermont South B398 Youth Connexions Suite 2 1 Main Street Office Box Hill VIC 3128 Bellbird Dell Reserve Nurlendi Road, 68,435 (north section only) Vermont

Parks and Reserves Belmore Road Bellmore Road, Mont 1327 Reserve Albert North Site Name Street Address Area m2

Abbey Walk Heatherdale Road, 37,400 Bennettswood Station Street, 5735 Vermont Bowling Club Burwood

Abrahams Court Abrahams Court 408 Bennettswood Burwood Highway, 52,121 Reserve and Hansen Close, Reserve Burwood Burwood 66 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Bennettswood Tennis Burwood Highway, 5074 Bushy Park Highbury Road and 271,900 Club Burwood Burwood Highway, Vermont South Benwerrin Reserve Benwerrin Drive and 8352 Cam Street Reserve Cam Street, Burwood 150 Burwood Highway, East Burwood East BerryAvenue Reserve Berry Avenue, 3787 Campbells Croft Boronia Road, 115,600 Mitcham Reserve Vermont

Billabong Park Weeden Drive, 10,312 Candlebark Park Candlebark Lane, 1399 Vermont South Nunawading

Bindy Park Vicki Street, 1032 Canowindra Close Canowindra Close, 1363 Blackburn South Reserve Vermont South

Blackburn Bowling Pakenham Street, 7436 Casella Hollow Quarry Road and 6614 Club (Restricted) Blackburn Sunninghill Court, Mitcham Blackburn Lake Lake Road and 235,759 Catherine Court Catherine Court, 113 Sanctuary Central Road, Reserve Forest Hill Blackburn Blackburn Triangle Wirreanda Court, 6822 Charles Rooks Rooks Road, 18,509 Blackburn Reserve Nunawading

Blacks Walk Middleborough 63,625 Charlesworth Park Mullens Road and 14,028 Road, Blackburn Livingstone Road, Vermont South Boisdale Street Boisdale Street, 13,070 Charlton Street harlton Street and 690 Reserve Surrey Hills Reserve Raymond Street, Blackburn North Bolton Park Middleborough 10,063 Cherrybrook Close Cherrybrook Close, 150 Road, Box Hill Walkway Nunawading

Box Hill Bowls Club Whitehorse Road, 3516 Civic Centre Whitehorse Road, 55,064 Box Hill Whitehorse Library Nunawading

Box Hill City Oval Middleborough Road 38,768 Clota Avenue Reserve Clota Avenue, Box 1439 and Whitehorse Hill Road, Box Hill Box Hill Crescent Box Hill Crescent and 4759 Cloverdale Close Cloverdale Close, 3432 Reserve Elgar Road, Mont Reserve Burwood East Albert North Cobham Corner Wooddale Grove, 1856 Mitcham Box Hill Gardens Irving Avenue and 64,500 Station Street, Box Hill Cobradah Reserve Cowra Street, 3475 Vermont Branksome Grove Branksome Grove 750 (North) Reserve and Canterbury Road, Blackburn Cochrane Close Doncaster East Road, 1200 South Mitcham Branksome Grove Branksome Grove, 2625 Reserve Blackburn South College Way Reserve College Way, 1375 Burwood

Bright Place Walkway Bright Place, 300 Collina Glen (east) Between Dawe Road 13,349 Blackburn South and Casella Street, Mitcham Brunswick Park Brunswick Road, 7482 Collina Glen (west, Between Dalmore 5651 Mitcham 3 small individual Ave and Dawe Road, reserves) Mitcham Buckanbe Park Grey Street and 17,917 Combarton Park Combarton Street 8182 Glenburnie Road, and Collins Street, Vermont Box Hill

Burwood East Burwood Highway, 160,587 Combarton Street Combarton Street, 1,221 Reserve Burwood East Reserve Box Hill

Bushy Creek Reserve Station Street to 21,240 Community Garden Sinnott Street, 994 (East) Dorking Road, Box Burwood Hill North Bushy Creek Reserve Elgar Road to 12,895 Community Gardens Slater Avenue, 450 (West) Woodhouse Grove, Blackburn North Box Hill North Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 67

Community Gardens Jolimont Road, Forest 19,645 Elmhurst Basin Elmhurst Road and 13,537 (Forest Hill) Hill Whitehorse Road, Blackburn Condev Court 13 Condev Court, 183 Elmore Walk Laburnum Street 932 Reserve Vermont and South Parade, Blackburn Condor/Sutherland Sutherland Place 2530 Eram Park Eastern Freeway, Box 78,831 Place Park and Condor Place, Hill North Burwood Cootamundra Walk Williams Road to 51,635 Erskine Walk Erskine Street, 2250 Ashlar Crescent, Nunawading Blackburn Dagola Reserve Dagola Avenue, 15,739 Esdale Street Reserve Esdale Street, 766 Nunawading Nunawading

Dalroy Bend Reserve Dalroy Crescent, 5517 Esplanade Reserve Esplanade, Mitcham 2800 Vermont South

Dandenong Creek Morack Road, 21,800 Feathertop Chase Feathertop Chase 3545 Linear Reserve (Parks Vermont South Reserve Reserve Victoria) (south of Morack Golf Course) Feiglin Park Burnt Street, 2034 Dandenong Valley Boronia Road, 41,250 Nunawading Parklands Vermont Felicia Dale Cantebury Road, 26,950 Davy Lane (VicRoads Henley Avenue, 37,800 Forest Hill land) Vermont South Ferris Avenue Reserve Ferris Avenue, 692 Delacombe Reserve Delacombe Drive, 5918 Mitcham Vermont South Figtree Walkway Figtree Lane, 147 Devlin Rise Devlin Street, 3813 Burwood Vermont Florence Reserve Florence Road, Surrey 749 Donaldson Reserve Rochdale Drive, 1,368 Hills Burwood East Florence St /Central Central Road, 414 East Burwood Tennis Burwood Highway, 7215 Road walkway Nunawading Club (Restricted) Burwood East

Eastern Freeway Eastern Freeway, 11,250 Forest Hill Reserve Cantebury Road and 95,904 Linear Reserve Nunawading Springvale Road, Forest Hill

Eastern Freeway Eastern Freeway, 37,950 Frank Sedgman Paul Avenue and 25,916 Linear Reserve Blackburn North Reserve Elizabeth Street, Box (VicRoads) Hill North Eastern Freeway Trail Joseph Street, 10,125 Frank Street Reserve Frank Street, 2728 Reserve (near Joseph Blackburn North Vermont St) Eastern Freeway Middlefield Drive, 7275 Fuchsia Street 3060 Trail Reserve (near Blackburn North Reserve Middlefield Dr) Eastmont Reserve Andrew Street, 3337 Fulton Road (East) 32 Richmond Street, 2160 Vermont Reserve Blackburn South

Edinburgh Patch Edinburgh Road, 6,577 Fulton Road (West) Fulton Road, 2193 Blackburn South Reserve Blackburn South

Eley Park Eley Road, Blackburn 65,545 Fulton/Worrall Fulton Crescent 4708 South Reserve and Worrall Street, Burwood

Eley Road Reserve Eley Road, Box Hill 21,057 Furness Park Main Street and 34,160 South Heath Street, Blackburn

Elgar Park Elgar Road and 113,861 Galea Court Reserve Gelea Crescent, 3796 Belmore Road, Mont Vermont South Albert North Elgar/Whitehorse Elgar Road and 329 Gardiners Creek Station Street, Box 52,000 Road Reserve Whitehorse Road, Reserve (North) Hill South (area Box Hill estimate only) Elizabeth Street Elizabeth Street, Box 314 Gardiners Creek Adjacent to Box Hill 58,000 Reserve Hill North Reserve adjacent to Golf Course (area Box Hill Golf Course estimate only) 68 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Gardiners Creek Burwood Highway, 148,750 Highbury Park Highbury Road, 39,594 Reserve Regional Burwood Burwood East (North) Gardiners Creek Highbury Road, 21,000 Holbury Reserve Sandra Street, Forest 3669 Reserve Regional Burwood Hill (South) Holland Gully Royton Street to 33,845 Gawler Chain Francesca Street to 40,682 Blackburn Road, Costello Street, Mont Burwood East Albert North Holland Road Reserve Holland Road, 964 Glen Ebor Reserve Oliver Avenue and 1376 Blackburn South Glen Ebor Avenue, Blackburn Hotham Retreat Hotham Retreat, 256 Glen Valley Park Glen Valley Road, 5519 Reserve Burwood East Forest Hill Hunters Knoll Hunter Drive, 7277 Granya Court Reserve Granya Court, 1,513 Blackburn South Blackburn South Hurter Street Link Dobell Street and 5484 Holland Road, Greenglade Court Renfrew Street and 1920 Blackburn South Reserve Greenglade Court, Blackburn North Jackson Avenue Jackson Avenue, 6510 Reserve Mont Albert North Gregory MWS Gregory MWS, Forest 118 Reserve Hill James Street Link Tyrrell Avenue, 1390 Blackburn

Hagenauer Reserve Willow Street and 38,903 Jamieson Reserve Lake Road, Blackburn 7472 Elgar Road, Box Hill North Jean Street Reserve Jean Street, Forest 2164 Halliday Park Mitcham Road, 48,476 Hill Mitcham Jeffery Street Reserve Jeffery Street, 2218 Blackburn Halligan Park Tyne Street and 6000 Medway Street, Box John Stubbs Reserve Thomas Street and 9853 Hill North Station Street, Box Hill South Hally Street Reserve The Ridge, Blackburn 368 Joseph Street Reserve Joseph Street, 12,105 Blackburn North Hanover Reserve Hanover Road, 19,366 Jubilee Street Reserve Jubilee Street, 906 Vermont South Nunawading

Harding Street Harding Street, 6661 Junction Road Corner Junction Road, 6400 Reserve Surrey Hills Nunawading Junction Road Site Junction Road, 124,566 Harding Street Tennis Harding Street, 1255 Nunawading Club (Restricted) Surrey Hills Justina Elonara Elonara Road, 513 Walkway Vermont South Hartland Park Hartland Road, 1880 Vermont South Justina Street Reserve Justina Street and 1504 Jubilee Street, Blackburn Hatfield Court Hatfield Court, 3042 Reserve Vermont South Kalang Park Kalang Street, 86,456 Blackburn

Kara Walk Reserve Kara Walk, Vermont 168 Hawthorn Road Hawthorn Road, 760 South Reserve Forest Hill Keats Street Reserve Burwood Highway, 4611 Burwood East Heathcote Drive Heathcote Drive, 3528 Reserve Forest Hill Kett Street Walkway Kett Street, 800 Nunawading Heatherdale Hill Patrick Court, 750 Killara Street Reserve Killara Street, Box Hill 1784 Mitcham North Kingsley Croft Kingsley Avenue, 656 Heatherdale Heatherdale Road, 11,379 Vermont Recreation and Bowls Mitcham Club (Restricted) Kingsley Gardens Whitehorse Road and 23,893 Kingsley Road, Mont Heatherdale Reserve Heatherdale Road, 80,303 Albert Mitcham Koonung Creek Eastern Freeway, 12,000 Linear Reserve Nunawading Heatherdale Reserve Purches Street, 18,928 Retarding Basin Mitcham Koonung Creek Eastern Freeway, 68,018 Linear Reserve Blackburn North Heatherdale Tennis Heatherdale Road, 7462 (Joseph St Reserve Club (Restricted) Mitcham North) Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 69

Koonung Creek Eastern Freeway, Box 12,413 Mansfield Street Mansfield Street, 300 Parklands Hill North Walkway Blackburn South

Koonung Creek Eastern Freeway, 93,524 Masons Road Reserve 32 Masons Road, 232 Reserve Mont Albert North Blackburn (including Valda Ave Wetlands and Masons Road Masons Road, 29,100 Winfield Reserve) Retarding Basin Blackburn (Melbourne Water) Koonung Park Springfield Road, 62,698 Masons Road Triangle Masons Road, 832 Blackburn North Blackburn Laburnum Lot Hillside Crescent, 8250 Blackburn Matheson Road Matheson Road, 1943 Reserve Forest Hill Laidlaw Reserve Laidlaw Court, 1959 Vermont McKenna Road McKenna Road, 386 Reserve Forest Hill Lawrence Reserve Cam Street, Burwood 2072 East Melissa Reserve 2504

Lemon Grove Reserve Lemon Grove, 2392 Memorial Park Station Street, Box 36,297 Nunawading Hill North

Licola Reserve Licola Street, 15,724 Middleborough Joseph Street, 1560 Vermont South Plantation Blackburn North

Lincoln Street Lincoln Street, 1995 Middlefield Park Middlefield Drive, 4708 Reserve Burwood East Blackburn North

Linsley Park 2000 Middlefield Walkway Middlefiled Drive, 600 Blackburn North Linvale Walk Beryl Street and 6348 Lindsay Avenue, Mirrabooka Reserve Fulton Road, 20,907 Nunawading Blackburn South Lithgow Avenue Lithgow Avenue, 1258 Reserve Blackburn Mock Street Reserve Mock Street, Forest 2788 Hill Livermore Reserve Livermore Close, 16,200 Vermont South Mont Albert Reserve Dunloe Avenue and 35,204 Melrose Street, Mont Albert North Livingstone Reserve Livingstone Road, 20,242 Vermont South Morack Golf Course Morack Road, 599,800 (Restricted) Vermont South Local History Park (on Burwood Highway, 16,800 Gardiners Creek) Burwood Morack Road Reserve Morack Road, 254 Vermont South Lookout Trail Park Pioneer Close, 14,500 Vermont South Moresby Dale Moresby Street, 8760 Mitcham Lorne Parade Reserve Lorne Parade, Mont 6,244 Albert Morton Park Central Road, 56,895 Blackburn

Lucknow Court Lucknow Court, 3186 Mudgee Flat Mudgee Street, 1200 Reserve Mitcham Burwood East

Lundgren Chain Cumming Street 43,342 Mullum Mullum Nara Road, Mitcham 51,180 Reserve to Malvina Street, Creek Linear Burwood Open Space (bw Luther Street Reserve Luther Street, Box Hill 1750 Yarran Dheran and North Schwerkolt Cottage) Mullum Mullum Warne Road, 10,400 Mahoneys Reserve Mahoneys Road, 96,930 Creek Linear Open Mitcham Forest Hill Space (east of Deep Creek Road)

Mahoneys Road Mahoneys Road, 563 Municipal Jolimont Road, Forest 8474 Reserve Forest Hill Horticulture Center Hill (Restricted) Manhattan Square Manhattan Square, 901 Murray Drive Reserve Murray Drive and 2659 Vermont Wattlebird Court, Burwood Manniche Reserve Manniche Avenue, 935 Naramah Street Naramah Street, 314 Mont Albert North Reserve Forest Hill 70 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Narmara Street Narmara Street, 680 Polydor Place Reserve Polydor Place and 1428 Reserve Burwood East Camellia Street, Blackburn North Naughton Grove Naughton Grove, 1904 Poole Street Reserve Poole Street, 2080 Reserve Blackburn Burwood

Naughton Patch Naughton Grove, 1751 Pope Square Pope Road, Blackburn 1863 Blackburn

Newbigin Street Newbigin Street, 1282 Pottery Drive Reserve Kaolin Court, 2567 Reserve Burwood Blackburn North

Newburn Court Newburn Court, 1893 Prestbury Gardens Oxford Grove, 1810 Reserve Nunawading Vermont South

Nicoll Park Nicoll Street, 10,099 Primula Park Primula Street, 1173 Nunawading Blackburn North

Norris Bend 14 Norris Court, 359 Railway Parade Railway Parade, 409 Blackburn Reserve Blackburn

Nunawading Reserve Whitehorse Road 26,277 Raleigh Reserve Bindy Street, Forest 2374 and Springvale Road, Hill Nunawading Nurlendi Road Nurlendi Road, 874 Ramsey Street Ramsey Street, 806 Reserve Vermont Reserve Burwood East

Old Strathdon Springvale Road, 23,400 Redland Drive Redland Drive, 7155 Orchard (VicRoads Vermont South Reserve Mitcham land) Ormond Avenue Ormond Avenue, 697 Reedwood Avenue Reedwood Avenue, 1546 Reserve Mitcham Reserve Burwood East

Park Close Reserve Park Close, Vermont 2513 Rees Street Reserve Rees Street, Burwood 7567

Parklands Place Parkland Place, Forest 626 Reuben Court Fulton Road, 1102 Reserve Hill Walkway Blackburn South

Parkview Court Parkview Court, 413 RHL Sparks Reserve Middleborough Road 90,652 Reserve Forest Hill and Cantebury Road, Box Hill Peel Street Reserve Peel Street, Mitcham 383 Richmond Reserve 1800

Penrose Cornfield Penrose Street 1425 Rigani Patch 17 Rigani Street, 50 Reserve Reserve and Blackburn North Cornfield Avenue, Box Hill South Robinson Retarding 5400 Pickford Paddock Ballantyne Street, 2932 Basin North Burwood East Ronald E Gray Springvale Road, 36,225 Pickford Paddock Pickford Street, 974 Reserve Nunawading South Burwood East Roslyn Street Reserve Roslyn Street and 2215 Pioneer Close Reserve Pioneer Close, 4210 Burwood Highway, Vermont South Burwood Rosslyn Street Rosslyn Street, 571 Pioneer Park Cnr Station Street 1000 Reserve Blackburn South and Harrow Street, Box Hill Russell Street Reserve Russell Street, Surrey 5416 Pipe Track Reserve N/A 25,000 Hills

Pipe Track Reserve Victoria Street to 16,400 Sapphire/Willarah Sapphire Street, 15,256 Mitcham Road, Reserve Forest Hill Nunawading Pipe Track Reserve N/A 30,000 Scarborough Park Justina Close, 2499 (Melbourne Water) Vermont South

Pipe Track Reserve N/A 25,800 School Street Omeo Court, 300 (Melbourne Water) Walkway Blackburn South Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 71

Schwerkolt Cottage Deep Creek Road, 22,438 Terrara Park Terrara Road, 81,287 Mitcham Vermont South

Scott Street Reserve Scott Street, Vermont 1267 Terrara Road (East) Terrara Road, 581 Reserve Vermont South

Scott Street Road Scott Street, Vermont 653 Thatcher Reserve Culbara Drive, 6000 Reserve Vermont Thurston Street 1500 Simpson Park Cochrane Street and 64,255 Reserve Garden Avenue, Mitcham Trade Place Reserve Trade Place, Vermont 900 Sinnott Street McComas Grove, 8451 Reserve Burwood Trainor Street Trainor Street, Box 2625 Slater Reserve Grosvenor Street, 49,729 Reserve Hill North Blackburn North Travers Track Reserve Travers Crescent, 2397 Burwood East Somers Trail Somers Street, 45,243 Mitcham Trenham Court Trenham Court, 715 Reserve Mitcham Spark Reserve Coltain Street, 2026 Vermont South Trove Park McClares Road, 2300 Vermont Springfield Park Springfield Road, Box 42,323 Hill North Tunstall Park Luckie Street, 21,844 Nunawading Springvale Road 322-328 Springvale 339 Reserve Road, Forest Hill Tweedie Court Boyland Court and 1321 Reserve Tweedie Court, Box Stanley Reserve Stanley Grove, 4,958 Hill North Blackburn Tyne Close Reserve Tyne Close, 2357 Nunawading StanleyDoreen Stanley Road, 2286 Vermont South Tyrol Park Weeden Drive and 20,523 Lascelle Drive, Station Street Station Street, Box 650 Vermont South Triangle Hill South Vermont Reserve Cantebury Road, 28,419 Vermont Stephens Reserve Cantebury Road, 57,984 Vermont Vermont South Livingstone Road, 8567 Tennis Club Vermont South Stewart Street Stewart Street and 524 (Restricted) Walkway Fulton Crescent, Victoria/Glenmore Victoria Street to 9140 Burwood Chain Glenmore Street, Stringy-Bark Close Stringy-Bark Close, 143 Box Hill Reserve Forest Hill View Park View Road, Vermont 2088

Surrey Dive Standard Avenue, 20,000 Box Hill Village Walk Reserve Village Walk, 250 Vermont South Surrey Drive Reserves Surrey Drive, Box Hill 9339 Walbrook Drive Walbrook Drive, 1496 Reserve Vermont South Surrey Park Elgar Road and 134,152 Cantebury Road, Walker Park Whitehorse Road, 35,665 Box Hill Nunawading Tainton Road Reserve Tainton Road, 599 Burwood East Wandinong Ronley Street and 17,437 Sanctuary Cantebury Road, Blackburn Talarno George George Road, 465 Walkway Vermont South Wardle Close Reserve Wardle Close, 2299 Blackburn South Tassells Park Ronald Street and 8650 Woodhouse Grove, Warekila Reserve Kett Street, 2080 Box Hill North Nunawading Tennyson Reserve Tennyson Street, 3695 Wattle Park Warrigal Road and 399,200 Mitcham Riversdale Road, Burwood Terracotta Drive Terracotta Drive 1959 Wattle Park Golf Warrigal Road, 147,900 Reserve and King Street, Course Burwood Blackburn 72 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

Wattle Valley Wattle Valley Road, 1736 Other Facilities Triangle Mitcham Roadside Vegetation, Nature Strips, Shopping Centre Planting Beds and Road Median Strips Significant Road Side Vegetation Reserves Wembley Park Cantebury Road, Box 37,859 Hill South Branksome Grove (North) Reserve Westminster Close Westminster Close, 200 Brunswick Park Walkway Blackburn South Canowindra Close Reserve Whitehorse Reserve Whitehorse Road, 23,671 Box Hill Clota Avenue Reserve

Whitehorse Road Whitehorse Road, 7492 Cochrane Close Reserves (VicRoads) Box Hill Condor/Sutherland Place Park

Willow Street Park Willow Street, Box 3232 Elgar/Whitehorse Road Reserve Hill North (adjacent to Hagenauer Erskine Walk Reserve) John Stubbs Reserve Windsor Crescent Windsor Crescent, 938 Reserve Mont Albert Manhattan Square

Winswood Close Winswood Close, 2591 Redland Drive Reserve Reserve Vermont South Springvale Road Reserve Wirilda Park Page Street, Mitcham 1766 Station Street Triangle

Witchwood Gully Witchwood Crescent, 5323 Surrey Drive Reserves Burwood East Terrara Road (East) Reserve Wolseley Close Wolseley Close, Mont 257 Reserve Albert Wattle Valley Triangle

Wood Park Wood Street, 3588 Whitehorse Road Reserves (Vic Roads) Nunawading Yarrandoo Park Wren Close Wren Close, 15,970 Nunawading Road Median Strips Wurundjeri Walk Fulton Road, 145,538 Blackburn South Elgar Road, Mont Albert North (Opp Elgar Park)

Wurundjeri Wetlands Fulton Road, 30,857 1-9 Edward St, Mitcham Blackburn South 374 Mitcham Road Mitcham Wynne Court Reserve Wynne Court,, 3622 Vermont South 381 Mont Albert Road, Mont Albert 526 Station Street Yaminga Play Area Tortice Avenue, 1225 Nunawading adjacent to 154-164 Elgar Rd, Box Hill South

Barry Road Yarran Dheran Quarry Road, 81,389 Mitcham Barry Road Park

Yarran Dheran North Quarry Road, 3150 Blackburn Rd – Eastern Freeway to Highbury Road Mitcham Yarrando Park Junction Road, 454 Blackburn Road Shopping Centre Rear Nunawading Boronia Rd – Canterbury Road to Campbells Croft.

York Street Walkway York Street, 225 Box Hill Community Arts Central Blackburn South Brentford Square including Playground Young Street Closure Young Street, Box Hill 524 Bruce St, Box Hill

Zetland Road Closure Zetland Road, Mont 137 Bruce Street Albert Brunswick Road

Burwood Hwy – Outer separators Middleborough Rd, Burwood to Morack Rd, Vermont

Cambridge Street

Canterbury Rd – Union Road, Surrey Hills to Heatherdale Road, Mitcham

Canterbury Rd Box Hill South

Combarton Street, Box Hill Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 73

Court Street 10 Chapel St Blackburn

Eley Park, Blackburn South 103 – 127c Canterbury Rd, Blackburn South

Elgar Road 10-50 Main Street

Ellingworth Parade 1057/1069 Riversdale Rd, Surrey Hills

Ellingworth St / Harrow St, Box Hill 11 – 33 Trawool Street, Box Hill North

Fraser Place, Forest Hill 1103-1123 Riversdale Rd, Surrey Hills

Gardenia Street 1132-1134 Riversdale Rd, Surrey Hills

Harrow Street and John Street, Box Hill 1-19 and 2-46 Hamilton St and 2-14 Churchill St, Mont Albert

Highbury Road , East Burwood 1-27 and 2-22 Market

Holland Ave, Bennettswood 132-162 and 141-167 Springvale Road, Nunawading

Laburnum Rail Station 134-156 Rooks Rd Nunawading

Landale Street 14 – 18 Chapel St, Blackburn

Lexton and Middleborough Rd 14 – 28A Second Ave, Box Hill North

Livingstone Road, Vermont South 144-152B Springfield Rd and 119 Surrey Rd, Blackburn Nth

Mahoneys Road, Forest Hill 144-156 Junction Rd, Nunawading

McDowall Street 1-51 Brentford Square, Forest Hill

Mitcham Mall Multi-Storey (includes Britannia Mall) 154-170 Elgar Rd, Box Hill South

Mitcham Road / Barkley Terrace, Mitcham 17-21 Market St and Prospect St, Box Hill

Mitcham Shopping Centre (Coles) 186-196 Elgar Rd, Box Hill South

Mont Albert Village Shopping Centre 199-207 Elgar Rd, Surrey Hills

Mont Albert Village Shopping Centre Traders 1a – 21 Salisbury Avenue, Blackburn

Poplar Street Bowling (overflow parking) 2-16 Whitehorse Rd and 382-398 Middleborough Rd, Blackburn

Prospect Street 2-18 Canterbury Rd, Blackburn South

Railway / Albert Street, Blackburn 2-4 Gardenia St, Blackburn

Railway Road 2-8 Lawrence St, Blackburn South

Rangeview Shops 2 – 8 Main St, Blackburn

Springfield Road, Blackburn North 20-30 Blackburn Rd, Blackburn

Springvale Rd – Eastern Freeway to Highbury Road 2-10 Wood / 1-21 and 2-14 Market / 2-38 Station St, Nunawading

Standard Ave, Box Hill 216 – 238 Mitcham Road, Mitcham

Surrey Drive, Box Hill 2-16B and 3-15 Arcade Road and 75-79 Dunloe Ave, Mont Albert

Terrara Road, Vermont South 2-18A Boronia Road and 584 – 610 Canterbury Road, Vermont

Watts Street 2-30 Brentford Square, Forest Hill

Whitehorse Rd – Union Road, Mont Albert to Heatherdale Road, 281-295 Canterbury Road and 330-348 Springvale Road, Forest Hill Mitcham 283 Burwood Road, East Burwood Whitehorse Rd / Surrey Road, Blackburn North 285 – 295B Springfield Road, Nunawading Whitehorse Road – Between Surrey and Railway Road 290-294a Middleborough Road, Blackburn South

298 – 310 Middleborough Road, Blackburn Shopping Centre Garden Beds 3-21 Diana Drive Blackburn North Mahoneys Rd – Canterbury Rd to Pacific Way Forest Hill Centre 30-44 Raymond St, Blackburn Nth 1 – 11 Ruby St, East Burwood 4-14A Vicki St, Blackburn South 1 – 13 Canterbury Rd, Blackburn 4-6 Hunter Dve, Blackburn South 1 – 15 Blackburn Rd, Blackburn 401 – 421 Springvale Road, Forest Hill 1 – 7 Lawrence St, Blackburn South 437 – 557 Whitehorse Road, Mitcham 1 – 9 Robinlee Ave, Burwood East 46 Railway Road, Blackburn

1 Overland Drive, Vermont South 480 – 482 Canterbury Road, Forest Hill 74 Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities

495-511 Burwood Highway, Vermont Sth 50 – 72 Terrara Road, Vermont South

506-508 Canterbury Road, Forest Hill 55A Railway Road, Blackburn

510-586 Whitehorse Road, Mitcham 745 Highbury Road, Vermont South (near Sherwood Rise)

515 – 539 Middleborough Road, Box Hill North Access Road, Box Hill North

544 – 590 Mitcham Road, Mitcham Albert Cr / Windsor Cr, Mont Albert

55 – 67B Katrina St, Blackburn North Albert Cr Balmoral Cr Mont Albert

55 – 79 Railway Road, Blackburn Arthur St between Windsor Cr and Charles St Surrey Hills

587-589 Station St, Boxt Hill Bank St, Box Hill

587-617 and 586-612 Station Street and 958-964 Whitehorse Road, Belmore Road / Elgar Road, Box Hill North Box Hill Bennet St / Canterbury Road, Forest Hill. 593 – 607 Canterbury Road, Vermont Beresford Ave, Mont Albert Road to Trafalgar St, Mont Albert 594 – 604 Elgar Road, Box Hill North Brenda Court, Blackburn 6 Weeden Drive, Vermont South Bridgeford Ave Road Closure entrance bike trail Blackburn Nth 68 – 132 South Pde, Blackburn Burwood Hwy East Burwood. Opposite KFC 687 – 703 Whitehorse Road, Mitcham Burwood Road / Mont Crt 7-21 Indra Road, Blackburn South Central Road / Lake Road Blackburn 761-774A and 764-772A Station St, Box Hill Clare St Nature Blackburn 8 – 16 Blackburn Road, Blackburn Clifton Street, Blackburn 806 – 966 Canterbury Road, Box Hill South 855-891B Canterbury Road, Cnr Boisdale / Park Road Surrey Hills Box Hill 416-424B Station St, Box Hill 390-400 Station St, Box Hill South Cnr Elgar Road and Park Road,( 6 Planted sites) 85 – 101 Mount Pleasant Road, Nunawading Condev Ct Vermont / Terrara Road and surroundings 87 – 89 Railway Road, Blackburn Creek Road to Mitcham Road, Mitcham 9 – 11 Chapel St, Blackburn Dampier Gve Mitcham 9 – 23 McKeon Road, Mitcham Elgar Road Shops car Park to Hamel St (4 sites East) 912-918 Whitehorse Road Elgar Road, Mont Albert North opp Elgar Park 939 – 953a Station St, Box Hill North Elm Street, Blackburn 96 – 146 Canterbury Road, Blackburn South End of Figtree Lane, Burwood strip Bennettswood Shopping Centre Forster Street, Mitcham Benwerrin Dr Hawthorn Road N/strips between 2 Hawthorn and Rishon St Burwood Heights Shopping Centre Hawthorn Road, Forest Hill (opp Forest Hill Secondary College) Eley Road / Rishon Ave Highbury and Gilmour Street, Burwood Highbury and Middleborough Shops Highbury Road / Station Street, Burwood Houston Neighbourhood Shopping Centre Hopetoun Parade, Box Hill Mountview Shops (and South East Garden bed) Joseph Street, Blackburn North Oakwood Shops Junction Road Stevens Road, Forest Hill – rear 2 Woodcrest Road and adj 7 Stevens Road Knightsbridge Avenue, Nunawading

Lawford Street / Peter Street, Box Hill North

Naturestrips Lawford Street / Woodhouse Grove, Box Hill Nth

Kerr Lane Livingstone Close, Burwood. Church n/s west and n/s east

161 Fulton Road Blackburn South Mahoneys Road, Forest Hill (opposite Forest Hill Secondary College)

182 Mitcham Road behind 32A Wincester Road Mitcham Maple Street Blackburn

188 Heatherdale Road, Vermont McGowans Lane / Eley Road to Bronte Avenue, Burwood

322-328 Springvale Road, Forest Hill Middleborough Road / Eram Road, Blackburn North

432 – 438 Mitcham Road, Mitcham Mirabella Crescent, Box Hill South

480 Canterbury Road Forest Hill Mitcham / Railway naturestrip Whitehorse Urban Biodiversity Strategy for Council Managed Open Space, Streetscapes and Community Facilities 75

Mont Albert Road to Albert Crescent, Mont Albert

Nunawading Station Station Street, Nunawading

Oakwood Rise – Eley Road Side

Old Burwood Road, East Burwood

Patterson Av from Emmy Courrt to palling fence Burwood

Patterson Street, Blackburn

Purches St / Brunswick Street, Mitcham

Purches Street / Forster Street, Mitcham

Purches Street / Kulnine Avenue, Mitcham

Quarry Road / Dawe Street, Mitcham

Railway Road, Blackburn (opposite Downing to Station Street)

Railway Road, Blackburn

Riversdale Road / Elgar Road, Burwood

Rooks Road to Springvale Road, Nunawading

Rutland Road, Box Hill

South Parade, Blackburn (opposite 16 to bowls club)

Springfield Road – Dorking to Middleborough Road North Side

Springvale Road, Nunawading

Springvale Road, Nunawading

Springvale Road/Burwood Highway Corner

Stevens Road, Forest Hill

Stringybark and Forest Roads, Forest Hill (north east corner)

Tennyson St / Middleborough Road, Burwood

Trafalgar Road, Mont Albert

Whitehorse / East Doncaster Road, Mitcham

Whitehorse Road / Heatherdale Road, Mitcham

Whitehorse Road Nunawading from Home HQ to Metropolitan Ave

Whitehorse Road / Peel Street, Mitcham

Whitehorse Road Hood Street to Union Road Box Hill x 4

Windsor Cr / Balmoral Crescent, Surrey Hills Acknowledgement of Country In the spirit of reconciliation, Whitehorse City Council acknowledges the Wurundjeri people as the traditional owners of the land now know as Whitehorse and pays respect to its elders past and present.

Contacting Council Phone: 9262 6333 Fax: 9262 6490 Email: [email protected] Website: www.whitehorse.vic.gov.au

NRS: 133 677 then quote 9262 6333 (Service for deaf or hearing impaired people) Telephone Interpreter Service: 131 450

Service Centres Whitehorse Civic Centre (main Service Centre) 379-397 Whitehorse Road Nunawading 3131

Box Hill Service Centre Box Hill Town Hall 1022 Whitehorse Road Box Hill 3128

Forest Hill Service Centre Shop 275, Forest Hill Chase Shopping Centre Canterbury Road Forest Hill 3131

Sustainable and Proud of It This publication is printed on 100% recycled paper.

Publication no. 181114131