The Lives of the Saints. with Introd. and Additional Lives of English Martyrs, Cornish, Scottish, and Welsh Saints, and a Full I
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* -* This Volume ronttiim Two Indices to the Sixteen Volumes of the work, one an Index of the Saints whose Lives are given, ami the other a Subject Index. First Edition fiiHished rSyj Second Edition , iSgy .... , New and Hevised Kditioti, i6 vols. ,, i9^'t- *- Appendix Vol. , Fronlispiece.j ^^^' * ' * THE 5LitiC0 of t|)c ^aint0 BY THE REV. S. BARINCJ-GOUU:), M.A. With Introduction and Additional Lives of English Martyrs, Cornish, Scottish, and Welsh Saints, and a full Index to the Entire Work New and Revised Edition ILLUSTRATED BY 473 ENGRAVINGS VOLUME THE SIXTEENTH SlppruDix Foluiuf EDINBURGH: JOHN GRANT 31 GEORGE IV BRIDGE 1914 * * BX 63 \ OjlLf Printed liy BAi.t.ANiVNK, Hanson »V Co. at the Dallaitlync Press, ICJinljurgh I *- -* CONTENTS PAGHS The Celtic Church and its Saints . 1-86 Brittany : its Pkincks and Saints . Pi uiGREES OF Saintly Families .... A Celtic and Eni;lish Kalendar of Saints Proper to the Welsh, Cornish, Scottish, Irish, Breton, and English People . Catalogue of the Materials Available for THE Pedigrees of the British Saints Err.\ta Index to Saints whose Lives are Given Index to Subjects -* VI Contents LIST OF ADDITIONAL LIVES C.IVEN IN THE CELTIC AND ENGLISH KALENDAR S, Calhvcn 288 S. Aaron 245 Cano}; 279 „ Ai'lliaiani .... 288 Caranoy or Carantoji 222 „ Alan 305 Caron '93 „ Aidan 177 Callian ., Albuiga .... 324 Calliciinc Aiidlcy 314 „ Alilalc 179 Cawrdaf 319 „ Alfred tlie Great . 285 Ceachvalla 213 „ Alfric 305 Ceitlio . 287 „ Alnicdlia .... 258 Cclynin, son of „ Aniacllilu .... 325 Cynyr F irfdrwcli 287 „ Arniel 264 Celynin, son of „ Arniilf 268 Ilelig 3'o „ Austell 243 Cewydd 245 „ Auxilius . 275, 316 Cian . 321 Clcdwyn 287 1! Clement 197 Clether . 265 S. Bailhcn or Baitan . 232 Clydai . 288 „ Harrwi; or Barriic . 317 Clydog . 294 liciino 214 „ Clydwyn 287 „ Hir>lan 294 Collcn . --3 Bodfan 229 „ Colnian .84 „ Boetliius .... 321 Conan . 176 Hoisil „ 174 Conlaetli Bre;,'wyn 269 „ .... Constantii 198 „ Brinstan .... 294 Conval . 277 „ Bristan 294 Cowair . -5' Hrothen . .281 „ Creirvvy 192 Brynac:li Wyddcl . 209 „ Crewenna 179 Biidoc 321 „ Cristiohis 294 Buith 321 „ Cuniine the White 186 „ Buriana .... 226 Cungar . 30" Ciirig . 236 Cuthbert 285 S. Cadfan . 288 Cwyfan or Cw yfcn -30 Cwylloj; 168 „ Cadoc . I7-), 325 ,, Cadwaladi . 280 Cybi . 279 ,, Caian . 276 Cynbryd 197 *- -* Contents Vll S. Cyncldilij,' 1 *- -* VIll Contents PAGB PAGE S. Ethdnoth . 2S6 S. Gwodloew. 211 „ Ethehviii . .219 „ Gwrncrlh . 210 „ Eurfyl 248 „ (jwryd . 293 „ EurK'.-iin .... 244 „ Gwynan . 322 ,, Eval or Evall . ^10 S.S. Gwyn and conip 287 S. G w y n h o e d 1 Giwynodl . 159 „ Gwynlleu . 288 S. Failbhe I. 197 „ Gwynno . 287 „ Failbhe tlie Little '94 „ Gwynnog . 284 „ Kergna the White 188 „ Gwynnoro. 2S7 „ Ffagan .... 259 „ Gwviiws 322 „ Ffinan .... 322 „ Fflewyn ... 321 11 „ Finan, or Finian the Leper . 196 S. Ilychan 259 .SS. Fing.'ir and Pi;ila 1 98 „ Ilydroc 230 S. Finian .... 272 „ Hywyn 167 „ Folhadli \\. 179 I „ Frithebert . 323 Frithestan . „ 273 S. Idloef; 271 "log G „ 259 „ Iltut or Illtyd . 249 S. Gallgo 316 -SS. Indract and com- „ Geraint or Geron pany 220 tins . 260 S. Isniael 235 ,, Gennoc or Gemioe 240 „ Isserninus. 316,318 „ Gistlian 191 „ Ita or Ytha . .171 „ GInvias or Glywys 219 Gofor . 220 ,, J „ Gonvst . 3'« SS. Jacul, Giwethenoc. S.S. Grace and Probus 208 and Creirwy . 192 S. Gredifael 304 S. Jambert .... 263 „ Grwst . 3>8 ,, Joavan 188 „ Gninock 21 „ Julius and .^aron . 245 „ Gundleus or Gwyn „ Jurniin 186 llyw Filwr . 202 „ Just 264 „ Giiroii or Goran. 210 „ Justinian .... 320 „ Gurwal .... 230 „ Justus 303 ,, Gwen of Cornwall 282 „ Jutwara or Jutwell . 252 ,, (.wen of Wales . 282 Gwenfacn . 296 ,, K ,, Gwenfyl . 288 ,, G we nog 165 S. Katherine Audley . 314 ,, Gwerir or Guier. 207 „ K.iy 294 „ Gwethenoc . 192 „ Kea 294 *- *- -* Cotitenfs IX PACE PAGB S. Kenan 294 Mcdana .... 308 „ KtnnothaorKevoca 195 Moigan 277 „ Kcntij^icrna . 169 Mcirion .... 179 „ Kevem 305 Melangell or Mona- „ Kieran 192 cella 225 „ Kiywvc or Kywa . 180 Melanius .... 296 Mclor 162 Merewenna, V. Kmn- sey 221 Leonore . 346 Merewenna, \'. Mar- Levan or Le\ hamchurch . 263 Leuina . 254 Meriadoc .... 231 Llcchid. 319 Merin or Meiryn . 167 I.leuddail . 172 Meugant .... 277 I.Iibio . 187 Me van 238 Lhvchaiarn 169 Minver or Mene- Llywelyn and C>wr t'reda 314 nerth . Mnloc or Mo-luoch 240 M Monan or Moinen . 188 3. Mabenna .... 276 N „ Mabyn 276 Nectan 238 Maclian „ .... 277 Nidan 278 „ Machraith. .161 Non or Nonnita . 189 Machudd I, .... 305 Nothelm .... 282 Macwaloc . „ .176 NwythonorNoethan 283 „ Macl or Mahael . 221 „ Maelog 326 „ Maelrubh . .215 S. Pabo Post Prydain 302 „ Maelrys . .159 „ Padarn 289 „ Maethlu .... 325 „ Pandwyna. 268 „ Maildulf or Maidulf 213 ,, Patrician .... 316 ,, Male 304 „ Paul, Bishopof Leon 195 ,, Manaccus . .281 „ Paulinus . .311 „ Marcclla . .271 ., Peblig or Publicius 248 „ Marchell . .271 S. Peithian . „ Mamanor Marnock 188 .176 „ Peulin „ Marnoc or Marnan 283 311 ., Plegniund . 25S „ Materiana. .210 SS. Probus and (irace . 208 „ Mathernus or Mad- ron 222 R „ Maudez .... 306 „ Maughan .... 277 S. Rhediw 303 „ Mawes 306 „ Rhian 194 „ Mawgan or Meugant 277 „ Rliuddlad .... 271 „ Mechell .... 305 „ RInvydrys. 287 VOL. XVI. *- -* *- -* Contents s. *- -* I LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS AND MAPS [Battlefields in the Mafs are marked by Crossed Swords, and Abbeys by a +] Map ok Britain in 580 a.d. Frontispiece Map of Britain in 750 a.d. to face p. I Map of Cornwall in the Sixth Century, SHOWING Brecknock - Gwentian and Irish Colonies i6 Map of Ancient Wales .... 32 Plan of Early Celtic Monastic Settlf,- iMKNT on Skellic-Michael, Co. Kerry 64 Map of Brittany, after the Migrations from Britain 86 Saint Gwen -Tkirbron and her Three Sons, Monument in Brittany 192 GwELY Melangell—RocK Bed of S. Mel- angell 224 Tomb of S. Pabo at Llanbabo . 302 *- -* BRITAIN N 750. Appendix Vol., p. i.] ; * * Lives of the Saints THE CELTIC CHURCH AND ITS SAINTS. HE earliest inhabitants of the British Isles were those who in the sub-glacial period used rude chipped and flaked tools of flint and of bone a people long-headed, tall, of a gentle and patient disposition, if one may judge by their remains. Whether they lingered on till the arrival of the dusky short race we call Ivernian, Iberian, or Silurian, we have no means of saying with any approach to certainty. But there still remain along our western coasts, at the Land's End, in Pembrokeshire, in old Strathclyde, in the Western Isles, men and women with long faces, and dark hair and eyes, of a handsome type, fondly supposed to be relics of Spaniards cast ashore from the Armada, who may with greater justice be regarded as survivals of the earliest type that occupied the British Isles. But the race that prevailed was short of build, probably sallow, and with beady eyes. It is that which at a remote period covered the whole of Gaul, the north of Germany, the south of Sweden, and which arrived in Europe by the valley of the Kuban, north of the Caucasus, from the East. This people, which, wherever possible, erected megalithic monuments, symbols of its endurance VOL. XVI. A -* * * 2 Lives of the Saints. through all time, is the first of which we can speak with any degree of confidence. It was a race of inextinguish- able vitality. It is still largely represented in Wales, and in Ireland, and in Lancashire. It has become the dominant type in Aquitania, if not throughout France. Pure and unalloyed, or nearly so, it remains in the Berber ; dress a Kabyl in a French blouse, and he will not be dis- tinguishable from a native of Guienne. The Portuguese also represents the same race. The language spoken by this people was probably agglutinative ; like the Basque, it had not attained to that development in which inflection is found. At some remote period, certainly not later than a thousand years before Christ, a Celtic invasion of Britain took place. The great nursery of this mighty people seems to have been the Alps. The migration which came into and occupied Britain was afterwards termed Goidelic. The Goidels possessed themselves of the whole of Britain and a portion of Ireland. They subdued, but by no means exterminated, the dusky race they found in possession. They imposed on them their Aryan tongue, but themselves adopted the religion and usages of the subjugated race. How far the Goidels occupied Wales and South Britain is matter of dispute. Such an authority as Dr. Rhys holds that they completely subdued the Ivernians through- out Wales and Devon and Cornwall. This opinion is Ijased, I believe, mainly on the Goidelic form of the in- scribed stones there found. The place-names, however, bear hardly a trace of Goidelic idiom. The Goidel said ken for head, whereas the Brython said pen. With the former five was (O.I.) co/V, and the latter pump ; with the former each, a horse, the latter ep. Dr. Guest has given reasons for holding that the Volcae of Southern Gaul, the Belgae -* * l{t 77^1? Celtic Church and its Saints. 3 of the Netherlands and Gaul, south and west of the Rhine, :ind the Fir-Bolgs of Ireland, were one with the Goidels. In Scotland, north of the Antonine Wall, the Ivernians lived on unsubdued under the name of Pict, hut with a large infusion of Goidelic blood. We find plenty of traces of Goidelic kens there, as we do in Ireland. In or about the fourth century B.C. the whole of Europe, and indeed Asia Minor as well, were convulsed by another migration of Celts, whom the Alps could no longer contain. This was the Gallic wave, which in our island has taken the name of Brythonic. This wave overflowed all that portion of Gaul which lies between the Rhine and the Seine, and crossing into our island conquered the Goidel, who now acquired this name, expressive of contempt, as signifying the savage.^ The new-comers were armed with weapons of iron, whereas those whom they subjugated were furnished with arms of bronze, bone, and stone.