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Rediscovery of Rare Species of Anthurium (Araceae) from Peru

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Rediscovery of Rare Species of Anthurium (Araceae) from Peru T. B. CROAT, J. S. L. cRA VEZ, 2005 69 Rediscovery of Rare Species of Anthurium (Araceae) from Peru Thomas B. Croat Missouri Botanical Garden P.o. Box 299 St. Louis, MO 63166 [email protected] Jorge S. Ungan Chavez Museo de Historla Natural Javier Prado Dpto. de Gimnospermas y Monocotlled6neas Av. Arenales 1256 JesUs Maria Apartado 14-0434 Lima, Peru. [email protected] ABSTRACT Descriptions were prepared based on the standard published by Croat and Bun­ In this paper five rare species of An­ ting (1979). thurium are redescribed: A. consimile Schott, A. corallinum Poepp. et End!., A. gracilipedunculatum Krause, A. huanu­ Anthurium consimile Schott, Oesterr. cense Engler, and A. peltatum Poepp. Bot. Wochenbl. 7: 294. 1857. Type: PERU. Cuchero, July 1829, Poeppig RESUMEN 1083 (lectotype, WO. Figures 1-4. Se redescriben cinco especies raras de Terrestrial and epipetric; stem terete, Anthurium: A. consimile Schott, A. coral­ grayish brown; internodes short, 1.3-35 !inum Poepp. et Endl., A. gracilipedun­ cm long, 2-35 cm diam.; catapbyIIs per­ culatum Krause, A. huanucense Engler, y sisting intact at upper nodes, 4.4-11.2 cm A. peltatum Poepp. long, 1-2-ribbed, triangular, dark brown to reddish brown, coriaceous. LEAVES erect KEYWORDS to spreading; petioles 33-96 cm long, 0.5-1.2 cm diam., terete to obtusely and Araceae, Anthurium, Peru, A. consimile, narrowly sulcate; medium green, some­ A. corallinum, A. gracilipedunculatum, A. times tinged reddish toward base, semi­ huanucense, A. peltatum. glossy, unmarked; sheath 5.6 cm long; ge­ niculum 1.7-2.6 cm long; blades subcori­ INTRODUCTION aceous, semiglossy, moderately bicolo­ The Araceae of Peru are poorly known rous, 42.8-62.8 cm long, 29.9-42.8 cm despite the publication of the family for wide, wider to middle, widely ovate, acu­ the Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and minate at apex, deeply cordate at base; Gymnosperms of Peru (Croat, 1993). This posterior lobes oblong-rounded, conver­ lack of knowledge is exemplified by low gent to sometimes overlapping, 5.4-10 cm numbers of herbarium specimens that do long, sinus spathulate to hippocrepiform; not reflect the real importance of this fam­ dark green and semiglossy to matte above, ily to the composition of the Peruvian flo­ moderately paler to semiglossy below; ra. Croat (1999) proposes that the total midrib moderately acute, bluntly acute to number of Araceae for Peru will come acute and slightly paler above, narrowly close to 300 species or perhaps more. rounded to acute and paler below; prl- 70 AROIDEANA, Vol. 28 \ , ~ , " " ,.:.. :: .... , . T. B. CROAT, J. S. L. CHAVEZ, 2005 71 mary lateral veins (6-)8-10 per side, Second World War because most of the strongly recurvate-ascending, bluntly rest of the Araceae collection was de­ acute and concolorous on both surfaces, stroyed by war action but these specimens departing midrib at 40-45° angles, tertiary are extant. The lectotype specimen con­ veins in part raised, reticulate veins not sists of only a leaf blade (without petiole) visible; basal veins 5-7 pairs, joining the and an inflorescence with a piece of the 1st to 3rd basal rib; basal rib 3.1-3.3 cm peduncle, and the second consists of a long, straight to recurved, naked 1.7-1.9 smaller leaf and two inflorescences. The cm; collective veins restricted to apex or second specimen at W was also illustrated above the middle, 1-5 mm from the mar­ by Schott (Jcones #626), but prepared in gin. INFLORESCENCE erect; peduncle September 1829, whereas the type (Schott 11.5-33 cm long, 0.4-0.6 cm diam., terete, Jeones #627) was prepared in July 1829. much shorter than the petioles; spathe The type specimen of A. consimile was subcoriaceous, green, persisting on fruit­ initially identified as A. humboldtianum ing, erect to spreading, 7.4-17.3 cm long, Kunth, a species actually known only from 1-3.4 cm wide, oblong-lanceolate, acute to Colombia and Venezuela. The locality cit­ brevi-acuminate to apex, subcordate to ed on the label is "Peruvia subandina. Su­ base; spadix slightly tapered to apex, pra terram-illegible-ad Cuchero", it 10.2-17.5 cm long, 0.5-0.8(-1.2) cm wide corresponds to San Juan de Cochero, lo­ near to base, 0.3-0.8 cm wide near to cated in the Huanuco Department at the apex, dark purplish; stipe green, 0.7 cm coordinates 9°30"S, 75°51"W. This area is long in front, sessile to 0.2 cm long in near to other known collecting localities of back; flowers square, sides straight to Poeppig, such as Pompayacu. slightly sigmoid, ca. 2 X 2 mm; 8 flowers Anthunum consimile is a member of visible in the principal spiral, 6 flowers vis­ section Calomystnum, and ranges from ible in the alternate spiral; tepals smooth, 700-1,000 m in elevation, occurring in the unmarked (minutely papillate on magnifi­ Tropical Lower Montane moist forest cation); lateral tepals 3-sided, 1.3 cm wide, (TLM-mf) and Tropical Lower Montane inner margins convex; pistils ca. 2 mm wet forest (TLM-wf) life zones. long, oblong; stigmas rounded; stamens This species is endemic to Peru and has ca. 1.5 mm long; anthers 0.7 mm wide, been collected in the Departments of emerging just above the margins of the te­ Huanuco, Junfn, Pasco and San Martin. pals and remaining in a contiguous cluster, covering the stigmas; thecae slightly divar­ Additional specimens examined-PERU. icate; pollen drying yellow-brown. IN­ Junin: Along rd. between San Ram6n and FRUCTESCENCE erect; spadix 10.2-23.3 Oxapampa, 6 km beyond turn off for rd. to cm long, 1.2 cm wide; berries 0.5 cm, Satipo, 100 53'30"S, 75°18'OO"W, 700 m, 1 ovate with the upper part protruding. Apr. 1984, Croat 57736 (MO); Tarma, It was necessary to lectotypify the spe­ 10°58' 23"S, 75°19'05"W, 750 m, 8 June cies owing to the fact that Schott did not 1998, Croat & Sizemore 81919 (MO, USM); sufficiently define the collection in his Satipo, 11°lO'30"S, 74°39' 32"W, 1,000 m, 8 original description. There are two existing June 1998, Croat & Sizemore 82000 (MO, collections in the Vienna herbarium (W). USM); La Merced, 700 m, 29 May-4 June These may have been on loan during the 1929, Killip & Smith 24071 (NY, US). Pas- Figs. 1-4. Anthurium consimile Schott. -1 (top L). (Lingan et al. 591). Habit. -2 (top R). (Croat & Sizemore 82000). Leaf. -3 (bottom L). (Lingan et al. 591). Stem and cat­ aphylls. -4 (bottom R). (Poeppig 1083). Type specimen, note the sessile spadix and leaf with few primary lateral veins. 72 AROIDEANA, Vol. 28 co: Oxapampa Province, Oxapampa Dis­ rete, greenish, 0.7-0.8 times longer than trict, Oxapampa-Puente Paucartambo, the petiole; spathe chartaceous, green, 100 50'20"S, 75°17'37"W, 770 m, 12 June persistent, spreading sometimes recurved, 2003, Lingan et al. 591 (HOXA, MO). San 9.8--14.8 cm long, 1.5-2.8 cm wide, ob­ Martin: Mariscal Caceres, Dtto. Tocache long, acuminate to apex, cordate to base; Nuevo, 550-700 m, 12 Aug. 1980, Schunke spadix tapered, 10.4-13.4 cm long, 0.6- 12134 (MO). 0.8 cm wide next to base, 0.4-0.5 cm long next to apex, greenish or yellow to dull Anthurium coraUinum Poeppig & End!., red or reddish orange; flowers 4-lobed, Nov. Gen. Sp. PI. 3: 84. 1845. Type: sides sigmoid, 2 X 2 mm, 6-7 flowers vis­ PERU. San Cristobal, Cuchero, Feb. ible in the principal spiral, 5-6 flowers vis­ 1830, Poeppig 1723 (holotype, W not ible in the alternate spiral; tepals purple, seen, phototypes, MO, F). Figures 5-8. matte, 3-6-sided, inner margin convex; pistils ca. 2 mm, emerging only after an­ Epiphytic; roots few per node, whitish thesis; filaments flattened, slightly convex; to yellowish green, 2-4 mm wide, spread­ anthers rounding the stigmas at anthesis; ing to descending; stem terete, yellowish thecae slightly divaricate; pollen whitish. green, smooth; internodes short, 0.6-1 INFRUCTESCENCE not seen; immature in­ cm long, 1 cm diam., covered by the cat­ fructescence orange (fide Vdsquez 22563); aphylls; cataphylls 4.2-15.3 cm long, up mature berries said to be orange (fide to 2-ribbed, lanceolate, green to reddish Schunke 5034). brown or dark brown, persistent entire, Anthurium corallinum is known from a coriaceous. LEAVES erect to spreading; photograph of the type, and from Schott petioles 15.2-48.3 cm long, 0.3-0.6 cm drawing #618 (Nicolson, 1984). The type wide, terete, green; sheath 2.1-11 cm long; was destroyed during the Second World geniculum 1.9-3.4 cm long, greenish; War. blades subcoriaceous, 19.5-42.6 cm long, This species appears to have variations 8.9-19.3 cm wide, wider to the middle, in the color of the inflorescences: Schunke ovate-cordate, acuminate at apex, deeply 5034 "strong greenish yellow", Foster et cordate to base, margins convex, posterior al. 10925 "dull red", Schunke 13707 lobes oblong to rounded, 2.9-9.4 cm long; "moderately yellowish pink", Foster 12177 sinus triangular; glossy, dark green above, "reddish orange", Lingan 669 "violet pur­ lower surface much paler; midrib raised ple". and more conspicuous above; primary Anthurium corallinum ranges from lateral veins moderately obscure both 500-1,400 m in elevation and is reported surfaces, 10-15 per side, straight, depart­ from the Departments of Amazonas, ing midrib at 40-60° angles; tertiary veins Hminuco, Madre de Dios, Pasco, and San obscure beneath; basal veins 3-4 pairs, Martin.
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