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Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences TRAKYA UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF NATURAL SCIENCES 21 Volume 2 Number October 2020 TUJNS TRAKYA UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF NATURAL SCIENCES Trakya Univ J Nat Sci ISSN 2147-0294 e-ISSN 2528-9691 Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences Volume: 21 Number: 2 October 2020 Trakya Univ J Nat Sci http://dergipark.org.tr/trkjnat e-mail: [email protected] ISSN 2147-0294 e-ISSN 2528-9691 ISSN 2147-0294 e-ISSN 2528-9691 Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences http://dergipark.org.tr/trkjnat Volume 21, Number 2, October 2020 Owner On behalf of Trakya University Rectorship, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences Assoc. Prof. Dr. Hüseyin Rıza Ferhat KARABULUT Editor-in-Chief Prof. Dr. Kadri KIRAN Editorial Board Abdel Hameed A. AWAD Egypt İskender KARALTI Turkey Albena LAPEVA-GJONOVA Bulgaria Kürşad TÜRKŞEN Canada Ayşegül ÇERKEZKAYABEKİR Turkey (Copyeditor) Medine SİVRİ Turkey (Tr Language Editor) Bálint MARKÓ Romania Mehmet KAYDAN Turkey Beata ZIMOWSKA Poland Merije ELEZI Macedonia Belgin SÜSLEYİCİ Turkey Mustafa YAMAÇ Turkey Burak ÖTERLER Turkey (Design Editor) Mykyta PEREGRYM Hungary Bülent YORULMAZ Turkey Naime ARSLAN Turkey Celal KARAMAN Turkey (Copyeditor) Özgür EMİROĞLU Turkey Cem VURAL Turkey Özkan DANIŞ Turkey Coşkun TEZ Turkey Regina KAROUSOU Greece Dimitrios MOSSIALOS Greece Reşat ÜNAL Turkey Enes TAYLAN United States Saliha ÇORUH Turkey Errol HASSAN Australia Selçuk KORKMAZ Turkey (Biostatistics Editor) Gamze ALTINTAŞ KAZAR Turkey (Design Editor) Tuğba ONGUN SEVİNDİK Turkey Gökhan Barış ÖZDENER United States Volkan AKSOY Turkey (Eng Language Editor) Graham SAUNDERS England Yerlan TURUSPEKOV Kazakhstan Hatice KORKMAZ GÜVENMEZ Turkey Yeşim SAĞ Turkey Herdem ASLAN Turkey Yıldız AYDIN Turkey Hesat ALIU Macedonia Yu GU China Ionnias BAZOS Greece Zeynep KATNAŞ Turkey Correspondence Address Trakya Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Binası, Balkan Yerleşkesi – 22030 Edirne / TÜRKİYE e-mail: [email protected] Tel: +90 284 2358230 Fax: +90 284 2358237 This Journal is a peer reviewed journal and is indexed by CAB Abstract, CiteFactor, DOAJ (Directory of Open Access Journal), DRJI (Directory of Research Journal Indexing), ESCI (Emerging Sources Citation Index), Google Scholar, ResearchBib, Science Library Index, SIS (Scientific Indexing Services), TUBITAK-ULAKBIM Life Sciences Database (Turkish Journal Index) and Zoological Record. Publisher Trakya Üniversitesi Matbaa Tesisleri / Trakya University Publishing Centre TRAKYA UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF NATURAL SCIENCES Volume 21 Number 2 October 2020 REVIEWER LIST Feridun DEMİR (Osmaniye, TURKEY) Debasish MAITI (Tripura, INDIA) Theophanis KONSTANTINIDIS (Athens, GREECE) Panagiotis TRIGAS (Athens, GREECE) Ahmet Emre YAPRAK (Ankara, TURKEY) Gül Nilhan TUĞ (Ankara, TURKEY) Taner YILDIZ (İstanbul, TURKEY) Alaa HAWEET (Alexandria, EGYPT) Mukadder ARSLAN İHSANOĞLU (Çanakkale, TURKEY) Ergun KAYA (Muğla, TURKEY) Filiz ALTAN (Muğla, TURKEY) Roberto CARLUCCI (Bari, ITALY) Anastasiia HOLUBENKO (Kyiv, UKRAINE) Selgun Dayan (Edirne, TURKEY) Oksana FUTORNA (Kyiv, UKRAINE) Emrah ŞİRİN (Konya, TURKEY) Eleftheria - Perdiko BAREKA (Athens, GREECE) Reinaldo Gaspar Bastos (São Carlos, BRASIL) Uma CHİNNAIYAN (Tamilnadu, INDIA) ISSN 2147-0294 e-ISSN 2528-9691 Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences http://dergipark.org.tr/trkjnat Volume 21, Number 2, October 2020 CONTENTS Research Article 1. Israt JAHAN, Ibrahim ISILDAK 79-86 Microwave irradiation system for a rapid synthesis of non-toxic metallic copper nanoparticles from green tea 2. Mehmet Cengiz KARAİSMAİLOĞLU, Emrah ŞİRİN 87-94 Notes on Arabis kaynakiae Daşkın (Brassicaceae), a critically endangered species endemic to Turkey 3. Necati BAYINDIR, Nursel İKİNCİ 95-106 Habitat Preferences, Distribution and Anatomy of the Clasping-leaved Pondweeds of Turkey 4. Ali İŞMEN, Mukadder ARSLAN İHSANOĞLU, İsmail Burak DABAN, 107-113 Haşim İNCEOĞLU Age, Growth and Otolith Biometry-Body Length Relationships of Red Bandfish (Cepola macrophthalma L., 1758) in the Sea of Marmara, Turkey 5. Taha Bartu HAYAL 115-122 Boron Increases the Viability of Human Cancer and Murine Fibroblast Cells After Long Time of Cryopreservation 6. Cem DALYAN 123-129 The Commercial and Discard Catch Rates of the Trawl Fishery in the İskenderun Bay (Northeastern Levantine Sea) 7. Elif KARLIK, Meltem DEĞER, Erdal ÜZEN, Nermin GÖZÜKIRMIZI 131-137 Pioneering in vitro Studies for Callus Formation of Colchicum chalcedonicum Azn 8. Mehmet Cengiz KARAİSMAİLOĞLU, Osman EROL 139-150 Notes on Leaf and Stem Anatomy of Thlaspi sensu lato 9. Ali Murat KESER, Gül AYYILDIZ, Merve YILDIRIM, Ahmet Emre YAPRAK, 151-157 Gül Nilhan TUĞ Conservation Status of Three Rare and Endemic Species from Turkey (Kalidium wagenitzii, Muscari adilii & Verbascum gypsicola) 10. Rufina AIDYNOVA, Nazli Pinar ARSLAN, Mehmet Nuri AYDOĞAN 159-165 Use of Mulberry Pomace as Substrate for Citric Acid Production by Aspergillus niger Mt-4 http://dergipark.org.tr/trkjnat Trakya University Journal of Natural Sciences, 21(2): 79-86, 2020 ISSN 2147-0294, e-ISSN 2528-9691 Research Article DOI: 10.23902/trkjnat.731692 MICROWAVE IRRADIATION SYSTEM FOR A RAPID SYNTHESIS OF NON-TOXIC METALLIC COPPER NANOPARTICLES FROM GREEN TEA Israt JAHAN*, Ibrahim ISILDAK Department of Bioengineering, Yıldız Technical University, TURKEY Cite this article as: Jahan I., Isildak I. 2020. Microwave irradiation system for a rapid synthesis of non-toxic metallic copper nanoparticles from green tea. Trakya Univ J Nat Sci, 21(2): 79-86, DOI: 10.23902/trkjnat.731692 Received: 04 May 2020, Accepted: 04 August 2020, Online First: 21 August 2020, Published: 15 October 2020 Abstract: This paper presents a rapid protocol of microwave-assisted green synthesis of non- oxidized metallic copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) using green tea (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) extract. Following the successful biosynthesis, characterization techniques such as UV–vis spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) associated with Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX), X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and Zeta analysis were employed to confirm the presence of metallic CuNPs and reveal their morphology. UV–vis spectrum of fabricated CuNPs indicated its characteristic maximum Edited by: absorbance at 570 nm. Synthesized CuNPs were found to be round to globular in shape, with Yeşim Sağ Açıkel average size of 45.30 nm, and showed excellent stability without any aggregation for several months. EDX graph confirmed the highest amount of copper atoms (77.96%) along with carbon *Corresponding Author: Israt Jahan and oxygen with the percentage of 17.17% and 4.87%, respectively. The non-toxic nature of the [email protected] phytosynthesized CuNPs was further established by using healthy mouse fibroblast L929 cell line, which showed their potentiality for biological research and many other applications. ORCID ID: orcid.org/0000-0003-4166-1617 Özet: Bu makale, yeşil çay (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) ekstraktsiyonu kullanılarak oksitlenmemiş metalik bakır nanopartiküllerinin (CuNPs) mikrodalga destekli yeşil sentezinin hızlı Key words: bir protokolünü sunmaktadır. Başarılı biyosentezi tamamladıkten sonra, bakır nanopartiküllerin Green tea varlığını doğrulamak ve morfolojilerini ortaya çıkarmak için UV–vis absorpsiyon spektroskopi, Microwave-assisted green synthesis Fourier Dönüşümlü Kızıl Ötesi Spektrometresi (FTIR), Enerji dağıtıcı X-ışını analizi (EDX) ile Bioreduction ilişkili Taramalı elektron mikroskobu (SEM), X-ışını Kırınımı (XRD) ve Zeta analiz gibi Non-toxic metallic CuNPs karakterizasyon teknikleri uygulanılmıştır. Üretilmiş CuNP’lerin UV-vis spektrumu, 570 nm’de karakteristik maksimum absorbansını göstermiştir. Sentezlenen CuNP’lerin, ortalama 45,30 nm büyüklüğünde yuvarlaktan küre şeklinde, birkaç ay boyunca herhangi bir agregasyon olmadan mükemmel stabilite sergilediği bulunmuştur. EDX grafiği, karbon ve oksijenın sırasıyla %17,17 ve %4,87’lik oranlarla birlikte en yüksek miktarda bakır atomunu (%77,96) doğrulanmıştır. Son olarak, sağlıklı fare fibroblast hücreleri (L929 hücre çizgisi) üzerindeki biyosentezlenmiş bu CuNP’lerin non-toksik özelliği doğrulanmıştır ve bu durum, bunların biyolojik araştırmaların yanı sıra geniş kapsamlı uygulamalarda potansiyellerini de göstermektedir. Introduction Noble metallic nanoparticles (NPs) have been Copper nanoparticles have earned more importance attracted by the scientists of different fields, as a result of because of their historical usages as coloring agents, as their unique magnetic, optical, catalytic, and electrical well as their broad-spectrum bioactivity and biomedical properties, and wide range multidisciplinary applicability application in contemporary time. In recent times, they (Tsuji et al. 2005). Concerning eco-safety, it is necessary are taken as one of the most applied disinfectants for to expand environmental friendly approaches without drinking-water purification due to their strong using toxic and hazardous chemicals. Use of plant-based antimicrobial potential (Ruparelia et al. 2008). Besides, extractions for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is catalytic activities, high thermal and electrical advantageous, which is convenient, cost effective and conductivities of CuNPs facilitate their suitability for non-hazardous for the environment (Jha et al. 2009, developing different biosensors and electrochemical Annamalai et al. 2011). Moreover, synthesis of nontoxic sensors (Wei et al. 2010). Moreover, copper is most metallic nanoparticles is also necessary since these abundant
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