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The Analysis of Wind Power Potential in Kerman Synoptic Stations, Iran

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The Analysis of Wind Power Potential in Kerman Synoptic Stations, Iran y & W log ea to th a e im r l F C o f r e o Journal of Tezerjani et al., J Climatol Weather Forecasting 2015, 3:1 c l a a s n t r i n u g DOI: 10.4172/2332-2594.1000125 o J ISSN: 2332-2594 Climatology & Weather Forecasting Research Article Article OpenOpen Access Access The Analysis of Wind Power Potential in Kerman Synoptic Stations, Iran -An Estimation Using the Weibull Density Function Mahdi Dehghan Tezerjani*, Kamal Omidvar and Ahmad Mazidi Department of Geography, Yazd University, Iran Abstract In the current research, wind energy potential at Kerman synoptic stations which contain wind data with 20 years statistic period and beyond, including Kerman synoptic station (30°.15ʹN, 56°.58ʹE, 1753.8 M high), 1951-2011; Kahnooj (27.58ʹN, 57°.42ʹE, 469.7 M high), 1989-2011; Bam (29°.06ʹN, 58°.21ʹE, 1066.9 M high), 1956-2011; Baft (29°.14ʹN, 56°.35ʹE, 2280 M high), 1986-2011; Anar (30.53ʹN, 55°.15ʹE, 1408.8 M high), 1986-2011; Shahrbabak (30°.06ʹN, 55°.08ʹE, 1834.1 M high), 1987-2011; Sirjan (29°.28ʹN, 55°.41ʹE, 1739.4 M high), 1985-2011; Miandeh- Jiroft (28°.35ʹN, 57°.48ʹE, 601 M high), 1989-2011 and Rafsanjan (30°.25ʹN, 55.54ʹE, 1580.9 M high), 1992-2011 has been studied. Wind data were obtained from the recorded data at Tehran meteorology organization. This data was recorded at an interval of 3 hrs at 10 m height above the ground level. Using weibull distribution function, discontinuous wind data were substituted. This substitution has been applied through least square feet after computing weibull parameters C & K. Wind date were changed at 10 m height to 50 m by applying one seventh power law (50 m is the most height of turbines axis) and characteristics of both wind speed and wind power in each height has been computed. Due to wind power density equals 292.63 and 583.29 w/m2 at 10 and 50 m height respectively, average wind speed equals 17.42 m/s at 50 m height, wind existence equals 7438.5 h/y, probability of wind blowing in the wind existence hours with speeds between 3 to 25 m/s equals 0.95, most probability of wind speed equals 7.77 m/s, the result show that Rafsanjan synoptic station is an ideal place having high wind energy potential. Application of wind energy at this synoptic station with automatic turbines working at the speed of 3 m/s at 50 m height axis and above has been economically efficient. Keywords: Wind energy potential; Wind turbine; Weibull This project attempts to discover not only potential power of wind distribution function; Wind power density; One seventh power law; energy but also the feasibility of using wind power at Kerman synoptic Kerman province stations in Iran. Introduction Moreover, in the process of this study, a new formula, has been obtained that can be applied for computing wind existence hours at The worldwide concern and environmental awareness of air an area. quality created a move towards pollution free energy production such as solar and wind energies. Wind is an abundant resource available in Material and Methods nature that can be utilized by mechanically converting wind power to Since wind is a vector quantity having direction and speed, it is electricity. Wind turbines are especially meant for this purpose. subject to topographical and atmospheric changes. It is impossible to The gradual increase in the earth population and the increasing make an estimation of wind direction and wind speed at intervals in demand for energy from natural resources have been the major causes which wind speed is not reported. Moreover, this estimation is not for man to search for an appropriate substitution for the sources of error free. To reduce the impact of this error, the researcher took raw energy. Having been aware of the decrease of the earth’s energy data from Tehran Meteorology Organization for a period of at least 20 resources, scientists have cautioned against the surplus use of energy. years. The data reported wind direction and wind speed at Kerman Moreover, environmental pollutions resulting from the burning of fossil synoptic stations for the consecutive years. Then wind data were fuels in the power stations have led to energy loss. This phenomenon converted from Knot to m/s (1 Knot=0.514 m/s). is a threat to every living creature on the earth. Thus, the appropriate All the graphs, tables and data in the project were analyzed use of energy and the involvement of new sources of energy have been the focus of study for a long time. An appropriate solution to lower the impact of energy loss is the substitution of renewable forms of energies *Corresponding author: Mahdi Dehghan Tezerjani, Postal address: 6, Javaheri such as wind. St., Ghods Sq., Taft, Yazd, Postal code: 8991785699, Iran, Tel: +989139520354; E-mail: [email protected] World winds hold almost around 2700 TW potential energy -25% Received June 18, 2014; Accepted January 14, 2015; Published January 16, of this energy occupies an environment of 100 meters above the ground 2015 level. It is noteworthy that 10% of this energy, i.e. 4 TW exceeds the capacity of the world’s total water energy [1]. Citation: Tezerjani MD, Omidvar K, Mazidi A (2015) The Analysis of Wind Power Potential in Kerman Synoptic Stations, Iran -An Estimation Using the Weibull Although Iran has been a pioneer in the use wind energy, we Density Function. J Climatol Weather Forecasting 3: 125. doi:10.4172/2332- 2594.1000125 have yet to witness the applications of wind energy which have been extremely limited. But the remnants of the numerous windmills all Copyright: © 2015 Tezerjani MD, et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits over the country support our claim that undoubtedly wind energy unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the must have been of importance. original author and source are credited. J Climatol Weather Forecasting ISSN: JCWF, an open access journal Volume 3 • Issue 1 • 1000125 Citation: Tezerjani MD, Omidvar K, Mazidi A (2015) The Analysis of Wind Power Potential in Kerman Synoptic Stations, Iran -An Estimation Using the Weibull Density Function. J Climatol Weather Forecasting 3: 125. doi:10.4172/2332-2594.1000125 Page 2 of 13 by applying Excel and SPSS 17. In order to process the data the is the width of the intersection of the line by the Y axis. In this equation, mathematical model Weibull Probability Distribution Function is the relationship between A and B and the Weibull parameters K and C used. Probability Distribution Function is the most applicable strategy is as follows [6]: to the study and calculation of wind statistics at a specific location. After −B KA= and C = exp (7) the calculation of the components of this function, some parameters A relating to the calculation of wind energy can be estimated. A brief presentation of the observations and measurements of wind speed at Kerman synoptic stations are shown in Tables 1-9. Theory of Analysis Considering equations (3) and (4), vi and PV()i are substituted There are several mathematical functions called probability density with X and Y, so that A and B quantities can be calculated by liner functions that can be applied to model the wind speed frequency regression equation or least square line of X and Y values. These values curve. In wind power studies, Weibull and Rayleigh probability density are shown in Tables 10-18. functions are commonly used and widely adopted [2]. Herein Weibull distribution is used since the Rayleigh distribution is only a subset of it. After computing X and Y quantities, A and B quantities related to shape and scale parameters of Weibull function can be determined. Weibull distribution function of wind speed Then, we are able to draw a line Y=AX+B which is the line nearest to Wind power is proportionate to the cubic power of the wind speed points, when compared with X and Y and rotor’s diameter square root power [3]. Thus, wind speed is one of There is a sample of least square line for x and y which are the most significant factors in the optimum use of wind energy. related to Rafsanjan’s synoptic station in Figure 1. In the calculation of wind energy, wind speed is considered a The numerical values of A=K, B and C obtained from Kerman random variable which can take every quantity in a specific distance. synoptic stations are presented respectively as follows: Kerman: 1.5271, However, practically wind speed data recorded every 3 hours at -2.6023 and 5.4963; Kahnooj: 2.4894, -5.3718 and 8.6524; Bam: 1.4619, synoptic stations. The function of which is a disconnect function. In -2.1969 and 4.494; Baft: 2.3471, -4.6212 and 7.1625; Anar: 1.9472, other words, the frequency distribution should be first replaced by the -3.4531 and 5.8906; Shahrbabak: 2.3925, -4.8376 and 7.553; Sirjan: connected distribution function. For this purpose Weibull probability 2.1545, -3.8827 and 6.0624; Miandeh-jiroft: 1.7545, -2.8968 and 5.2125; distribution function is reliable and is the most frequently used model Rafsanjan: to describe the distribution of the wind speed [4]. Weibull probability function quantities (Pw) are presented in Weibull distribution function is a derivative of Gamma distribution Tables 1-9. These quantities are computed using Weibull scale and and has a higher flexibility in comparison with Rayleigh distribution.
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