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Equity, Ethics, Academic Freedom and the Employment

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Equity, Ethics, Academic Freedom and the Employment AcademicMatters Mai 2009 THE JOURNAL OF HIGHER EDUCATION | LA REVUE D’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPÉRIEUR Ethics in the Academy An OCUFA Publication May An OCUFA Margaret Somerville Facing up to the dangers of the intolerant university Sergio Sismondo Medical publishing and the drug industry: Is medical science for sale? Tom Flanagan Academics in politics Karen Dubinsky Polytechnique: The film, the event, the interpretation 18 | Academic Matters MAY|MAI 2009 May|Mai 3 Facing up to the dangers of the intolerant university: Bird on an ethics wire Margaret Somerville Internationally renowned ethicist Margaret Somerville argues that universities are becoming forums of intolerance. Keeping the university as an intellectually open and respectful place is critical, she says, to finding the “shared ethics” essential to maintaining healthy, pluralistic democracies. 8 Medical publishing and the drug industry: Is medical science for sale? Sergio Sismondo Queen’s University professor Sergio Sismondo asks whether medical researchers and journals are too close to the pharmaceutical industry for comfort—or patient safety. 14 Academics in politics Tom Flanagan P. 3 If academics succeed in politics, it is not because of their academic achievements, says University of Calgary political scientist and former Conservative campaign manager Tom Flanagan. 19 Equity, ethics, academic freedom and the employment of contingent academics Linda Muzzin The long strike at York University this year, writes University of Toronto professor Linda Muzzin, challenges everyone in the postsecondary sector to address the situation of contingent academics ethically and equitably. 23 Reading Matters: How to save the university Jeffrey G. Reitz In a review essay, University of Toronto sociologist Jeffrey Reitz critically appraises Stanley Fish’s recent book, Save the World on Your Own Time. 25 Film Matters: Polytechnique What we remember, what we invent, what we forget Karen Dubinsky Queen’s University historian Karen Dubinsky raises disturbing questions about Denis Villeneuve’s new film Polytechnique, released two decades after the murder of 14 women at Montreal’s École Polytechnique. P. 14 28 Fiction Matters: The Disappeared Kim Echlin An excerpt from Kim Echlin’s new novel, which tells a story of a love affair between a young girl in Montreal and a Cambodian student during and after Pol Pot’s reign of terror. 31 Humour Matters Steve Penfold University of Toronto professor Steve Penfold contemplates the academic good life. 32 Editorial Matters Mark Rosenfeld Academic Matters executive editor Mark Rosenfeld looks at the ethical dilemmas of academia. P. 19 Cover illustration: Marie-Claude Carignan AcademicMatters Poet’s Corner THE JOURNAL OF HIGHER EDUCATION LA REVUE D’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPÉRIEUR Academic Matters is published three times a year by OCUFA, and is received by 24,000 professors, academic librarians and others interested in higher education issues across Canada. The journal explores issues of relevance to higher education in Ontario, other provinces A Path for Trees in Canada, and globally. It is intended to be a forum for by Desi Di Nardo thoughtful and thought-provoking, original and engaging discussion of current trends in post secondary education There’s a photograph of two rows of trees and consideration of academe’s future direction. and in between a path like a road Readers are encouraged to contribute their views, ideas and talents. Letters to the editor (maximum 250 words) cosseted by the fleece of falling snow are welcome and may be edited for length. To provide impressed on us alone an article or artwork for Academic Matters, please send your query to Editor-in-Chief Mark Rosenfeld at I wonder how we can say with certainty [email protected]. the trees were planted in this fashion Reproduction of articles requires the permission of the author and publisher. Copyright in material accepted for or why we choose to imagine a footpath publication remains with the author. The publisher may carved for us alone choose, however, to translate and/or reproduce material in print and electronic form. All published material When at the end of the open living space expresses the view of the author(s) and not the publisher. our eyes are deceived by shadiness Academic Matters accepte volontiers des articles écrits en angalis ou en français. under rows and rows of further pines fixed for us alone Publisher: OCUFA; Hentry Mandelbaum, Executive Director Nothing is said of our trodden thoughts Editor-in-Chief: Mark Rosenfeld, Associate Executive Director expect nothing on the far-off walk except for the long and lone way out Associate Editor: Wendy Cuthbertson for us and us alone Art Direction: Eva Kiss, Neglia Design Inc., www.NegliaDesign.com Editorial Board: Hoar Frost Valerie Davidson, Glen Jones, Minelle Mahtani, by Desi Di Nardo Jeff McNairn, David Armstrong, Vinita Srivastava, Geoffrey Stevens, Marie-Josée Therrien I learned the difference between a spruce and a fir Advisory Committee: By noting the needles— Bert Bruser, Kim Echlin, Lee Gowan, Your long grey fingers clasping David Scott, Jason Wong The softer not so conical shape of the fir National Advertising Sales: Dovetail Communications —Now my favourite evergreen 30 East Beaver Creek Road, Ste. 202 In the woods death is not so lonely or drab Richmond Hill, ON L4B 1J2 Whisking past the brush in her damsel gown Sales Manager: A spectacle against the sepia terrain Beth Kukkonen, [email protected] Phone (905) 886-6640 ext. 306 Why wouldn’t we pause here Account Manager: In the crackling certainty of an exploration Chris McPhail, [email protected] Where we are amiss and straggling Phone (905) 886-6640 ext. 327 As two sheared cowards slit from the neck down ISSN 1719-010X We should depend on the tattling juncos For subscription information, please contact: For our own incongruities [email protected] For the weeping birch on your shoulder Return undeliverable Canadian addresses to: That grows forceps and claims the sparkle Ontario Confederation of University Faculty Associations 83 Yonge Street, Suite 300, Toronto, ON M5C 1S8 Of each solitary crystal of cooling Phone (416) 979-2117 Fax (416) 593-5607 www.ocufa.on.ca www.academicmatters.ca Desi Di Nardo is a poet and author in Toronto whose work has been published in numerous North American and international journals. Her poetry has been performed in Canada's National Arts Centre, featured in Poetry on the Way on the Toronto Transit Commission, selected by the Parliamentary Poet Laureate, and displayed in the Official union Residences of Canada. Desi’s poems have also been presented in schools across the country and translated into foreign logo languages. “Hoar Frost” can be found in her new book of poetry titled The Plural of Some Things. For more here information, visit www.desidinardo.com 2 | Academic Matters MAY|MAI 2009 In this edited excerpt from her Research and Society Lecture to the 2008 Congress of the Humanities and Social Sciences, ethicist Margaret Somerville argues that universities are becoming forums of intolerance. Keeping the university as an intellectually open and respectful place is critical, she says, to finding the “shared ethics” essential to maintaining healthy, pluralistic democracies. Facing up to the dangers of the intolerant university: Bird on an Ethics Wire by Margaret Somerville FEBRUARY-MARCH|FÉVRIER-MARS 2009 Academic Matters | 3 hom we bond with in terms of shared values their views or values derogatorily, which is not to say I agree and the way in which we find and affirm with all of them. values is now undergoing major change. The • Second, I believe we are all people who want to avoid current challenge is to find shared values that harm and do good, but when our values conflict, we don’t Wcan allow us to be both a “me” and a “we” in our wired, inter- always agree which of those two should be given priority connected, multicultural, pluralistic world. in order to achieve that outcome—and that disagreement To achieve that duality, we will need to balance the needs engenders conflict among us. It is essential, no matter how and rights of individuals and those of the community. In the intense that conflict, that we always act with mutual respect. recent past, depending on our own values orientation, many • Third, we should keep in mind the concept of “moral of us chose between strong individualism and strong com- regret.” It requires that when, for reasons of ethics, something munitarianism, with the former prevailing in Western we do or stand for offends or hurts others—for instance, my democracies over the last 40 years. Today, we need a new inte- opposition to same-sex marriage—we should deeply regret gration of the “me” and the “we”, which might be emerging that our doing so causes others pain. as a “third way”, one manifestation of which is the concept of It is sometimes said that all movements go too far—but “retro-progressive values”. that might be necessary for them to have any impact at all. That concept captures the idea that we make a serious However, they need to pull back or be pulled back at a certain error in simply abandoning traditional values for what we see point, if they are not to do more harm than good. My specific as “avant garde” ones. We need to balance and blend the old concern is the negative impact of the various politically- and the new. That requires identifying traditional values we correct movements on freedom of speech, freedom of still need and integrating with them the new ones that will association, freedom of conscience, and academic freedom guide us into the future. To do that we must engage in an in our universities. ongoing process that I call “searching for a shared ethics,” which I discuss a little later.
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