Land at Luther's Farm, Sewardstone, Essex Heritage Statement
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Land at Luther’s Farm, Sewardstone, Essex Heritage Statement Land at Luther’s Farm, Sewardstone, Essex Heritage Statement Clients: Dr K. Misra Report no.: BSA 1829_1a Author: Ben Stephenson th Date: 15 August 2018 Final Version: E: [email protected] T: 01235 536754 Web:www.bsaheritage.co.uk 7 Spring Gardens, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 1AZ. This report, all illustrations and other associated material remains the property of BSA Heritage until paid for in full. Copyright and intellectual property rights remain with BSA Heritage. Contents Section 1: Introduction and Methodology ................................................................................................ 1 Section 2: Policy Context ........................................................................................................................ 2 Section 3: Identified Heritage .................................................................................................................. 5 Section 4: Documentary Sources ........................................................................................................... 7 Section 5: Appraisal of Site and Environs ............................................................................................... 9 Section 6: Impact of Proposals ............................................................................................................. 10 Section 7: References and Sources ..................................................................................................... 12 .................................................................................................................................................................. Appendix Essex Historic Environment Record Gazetteer Plates Plate 1: Plate 1: Luthers, looking west across Sewardstone Road Plate 2: Map of 1754 showing old Luthers Farm buildings Plate 3: First edition Ordnance Survey map extract Plate 4: 1930s’ Ordnance Survey map extract Plate 5: Access to site, looking east Plate 6: Bungalow south of access Plate 7: Luthers’ north west boundary wall on edge of site Plate 8: Derelict stable block, looking south west Plate 9: Southern end of structure Plate 10: Remains of wooden structure on site Plate 11: View east towards Luthers from site Plate 12: Setting of Luthers in north east of site Figures Figure 1: Identified Heritage Land at Sewardstone, Essex Heritage Statement 15th August 2018 Section 1: Introduction and Methodology 1.1. This heritage assessment has been prepared by BSA Heritage Limited on behalf of Dr K. Misra to inform a planning decision for land at Luther’s Farm, Sewardstone, Essex for residential and related development including access, drainage and landscaping. The site is located west of Sewardstone Road (A1112), Sewardstone, Essex and lies in Epping Forest District in the south of the county. 1.2. The assessment considers a site centred at NGR TQ 3800 9730 and as shown in Figure 1. The overall site area measures approximately 0.75 hectare. The site includes an access track running west off Sewardstone Road, a bungalow and an area of long grass, trees, hard- standing and scrub which contains a number of derelict structures. Proposals are for six new properties. 1.3. The eastern site boundary is defined by Sewardstone Road, three inter-war terraced properties and the grounds of ‘Luthers’, a large listed house now sub-divided. A disused nursery, including greenhouses lies north of the site, whilst grassland lies west and paddocks to the south of the main site area. The canalised River Lea and George V Reservoir lie approximately 100m west of the site. 1.4. The underlying geology of the site is recorded by the British Geological Survey as London Clay Formation clay, silt and sand. West of the site, superficial deposits of alluvium, including gravel are recorded along the course of the old River Lea. Superficial deposits are not recorded for the site and its immediate environs. 1.5. The site is relatively level and lies at approximately 20m Above Ordnance Datum. The ground surface doe slope down to the west of the site and to circa 15m AOD by the River Lea and George V Reservoir. 1.6. A number of existing sources of information have been consulted to inform this Statement including the Essex Historic Environment Record (HER) which holds records relating to known or suspected archaeological and heritage sites, past investigations and findspots1. 1.7. The HER and Historic England’s online National Heritage List for England, which was also consulted, hold details of designated heritage assets including listed buildings, conservation areas, scheduled monuments and registered landscapes. Epping Forest District Council also holds information on local policy and locally designated heritage assets. This information is summarised in Section 3. 1.8. Section 4 summarises the historical development of the area and was informed by sources consulted at Essex Record Office in Chelmsford, Historic England’s Archive in Swindon and online. A site walkover was completed in July 2018 and findings are summarised in Section 5. 1.9. The above sources have allowed the potential for sub-surface archaeological remains within the site to be assessed. Further work which may be required to support development is outlined. The potential impact of likely proposals on nearby designated heritage assets is also considered in line with relevant legislation, policy and guidance. The policy context is summarised in Section 2 and potential impacts and mitigation in Section 6. 1Findspots record the location of the recovery of archaeological material only, without associated features. Land at Sewardstone, Essex Heritage Statement 1 15th August 2018 Section 2: Policy Context Legislation 2.1. The 1990 Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act, as amended, confirms that in reaching planning decisions the local planning authority should have special regard to preserving listed buildings and their settings and preserving or enhancing the character and appearance in conservation areas (HMSO 1990). 2.2. Listed Building Consent (LBC) is required for any activity which might harm the special architectural or historical significance of a listed building or any ‘curtilage structure’ which dates to before 1948 and had an associated but ancillary role to the main listed building. The Act notes that: ‘In considering whether to grant listed building consent for any works the local planning authority or the Secretary of State shall have special regard to the desirability of preserving the building or its setting or any features of special architectural or historic interest which it possesses’. Provision is made for the grant of consent subject to conditions which might include recording of the surviving fabric. 2.3. A 2014 Court of Appeal ruling in Barnwell Manor Wind Energy Ltd v East Northants District Council, English Heritage and the National Trust made clear that to discharge this responsibility, decision makers must give considerable importance and weight to the desirability of preserving the setting of listed buildings when carrying out the balancing exercise of judging harm against other planning considerations, as required under the National Planning Policy Framework. National Policy 2.4. The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) has just been revised, the first updating since it was published in 2012 (DCLG 2012, MHCLG 2018). The policy wording relating to the historic environment remains very similar, albeit that the order of certain paragraphs and numbering has changed. 2.5. Heritage assets are still defined in the NPPF glossary as any designated or undesignated element of the historic environment which is identified as being of such significance that it is a material consideration in the planning process. In determining applications which cause harm to heritage assets directly, or indirectly, through affecting a complementary setting, the NPPF now recommends that ‘great weight’ should be given to their conservation when reaching a planning decision (Paragraph 193). 2.6. The more important the asset, the greater the weight that should be ascribed. As heritage assets are irreplaceable, it is noted that any harm or loss should require clear and convincing justification. It notes that ‘substantial harm’ to or loss of designated heritage assets of the highest significance (Grades I and II*) should be wholly exceptional and exceptional for Grade II listed buildings and Registered parks and gardens (Paragraph 194). 2.7. The latest version of the NPPF notes at Paragraph 200 that local authorities should look for opportunities for development within conservation areas which ‘enhance or better reveal their significance’. A similar approach to the setting of heritage assets is also mooted, with favourable treatment of proposals which preserve those elements which make a positive contribution to the asset or better reveal an asset’s significance. Land at Sewardstone, Essex Heritage Statement 2 15th August 2018 2.8. Paragraph 196 clarifies that, where a development proposal will lead to ‘less than substantial harm’ to the significance of a designated heritage asset, this harm should be weighed against the public benefits of the proposal, including securing an optimal viable use. 2.9. Paragraph 197 notes that effects on the significance of non-designated heritage assets, which confusingly includes ‘locally listed buildings’, require a balanced judgement weighing the scale of impact on the significance of the heritage asset against the