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1992Vol12no.1 rlvate DOWN G S5 border 1 n§?1<an:?£4> we do. the 1595'. Henry QM! Colour, Feng Shui And The Malaysian Press Colour, Puzzles, Feng Shui and the Malaysian Press...2; Deeper Roots to Co-ops Scandal...9; Heart to I-leart...1l; Framing War...15; New Europe Embracing Old Bigotry...l6; Thinking Allnwed...18; Leers...24; Dangerous Slereotypes...3l; C|u'rent Concerns..33; US Military Presence Vital?...40 t After a brief d~on of certain characteristics of the Malaysian p~ and how it is muzzled, MUS­ TAFA K ANUAR and FRANCIS LOH KOK WAH share with us their views on its ''new look". They argue that the chan­ ges introduced recently are merely cosmetic. In fact, some of these changes are a result of increasingly ag­ gressive competition among newspapers for the advertis­ ing ringgit. Accordingly, there has also occurred a subtle shift by the dailies to project themselves as pos­ ~ng, and to attract, a more upmarket readership. Characteristics ofthe Muuled A c:ritie~~l review of the PM's tenure in office signalled the demise of the Malaysian Press Minggutm Walrtu. It was with grave concern that DAP' s application for a declaration tions since, under the Act, all are we learnt of the government's that the condition imposed by the required to possess a publishing revocation of Mingguan Waktu's Home Minister was null and void pennit that has to be renewed an­ pennit to publish . The fact that was on the basis that the imposition nually. All of us can recall how the it had carried a critical review ofthenewconditionwasinkeeping pennits of four newspapers were of the Prime Minister's tenure with the law. This decision is most suddenly revoked in 1987 follow­ disappointing for all who value ing Operation Lallang when 106 in office in 1ts first issue is most democracy. people were detained. One of the telling. Equally disconcerting is The law in question is, of couse, newspapers had developed that a new condition has been im­ a the Printing Presses and Publishing reputation for investigative report­ posed upon the publishing pennits its ofRocket and 1/arakah, respcctive­ Act 1984, which was amended in ing. !twas not until a reshufne of ly,the organs of the opposition par­ 1988 to disallow judicial review of editorial staff and re-organization ties, the Democratic Action Party the Home Minister's decision in of ownership, I hat it was allowed to (DAP) and Parti Islam Se­ revoking or suspending a penn it if republish. Since then it has lost all Malaysia(PAS): their distribution. he considers it preJudicial to public semblance of its fonner liberal henceforth, is to be restricted to order. It hangs like Damocle's staff. party members. The recent ruling sword over the editors of Apart from the use of the Act, by the High Court dismissing the newspapers and regular publica- editorial control is nowadays also Aliran Monthly 1992:12 (1) Page 2 F\111ity Ia "Ying to dewlop aiticlll thinking hough the NST: UMNO a., own.wt\lp ...,,_ that the n\lliM1r'Mm rnecill ci...mlnatM what the gowmrnent deem8 fit tor COMWnption. of Shin Min Daily News. On to themselves as well as trivia. Shrinking the democ:falic ..-: .,. RocJrM its part, the MCA owns and Scandals and issues, including in­ i• now ,..tricted to memberw only, • .. .at controls Star Publications ternal conflicts detrimental to the 0 ..perty orgM8. which publishes The Star, government's or ruling parties' exerted through direct ownership of Tung Bao, and several magazines. reputation are rarely reported. all the major newspapers by the In tum, the three Tamil dailies fall Secondly, and in contrast to the Barisan Nasional component par­ under the control of present and above, negative news of the opposi­ ties. It is now common lmowledge past MIC leaders. tion is widely reported, and often, that UMNO Baru through Fleet The net effect of the Act and sensationalized. Facts are even dis­ Holdings, and now Renong, owns such ownership by the ruling par­ torted to paint the opposition par­ and has the editorial say over the ties is almost total control over the ties and sometimes, public interest New Straits Times Press (NST) major newspapers. Consequently, societies as well, in bad light. This stable of publications which in­ there are several noticeable charac­ was clearly evident in the 1990 cludes the New Straits Times and teristics of Malaysian newspapers. elections. Apart from such news of Berita Harlan. Through Hume In­ Firstly, apart from important these groups, there is a dearth of dustries, it exerts the same control foreign news, the major stories of information about them and their over the Nanyang Press. The above the day are matters pertaining to the activities. is in addition to its control of the government and the ruling parties: Finally, there has been next to Utusan Group of publications and these range from news favourable no investigative reporting on the various scandaJs and serious problems that besiege the govern­ ment from time to time. Neither is there critical commentary and analysis of important political and economic issues. A/iran Monthly has critically commented on all of these aspects of the muzzled Malaysian press in past issues. In the following articles we investigate what seems to be a new tum in the development of local newspapers resulting in more colourful and quite attractive repackaging. Docs this signal some Tengku Rauleigh ..,..._on hi8 ~tion of w....... 2020 .. ., fundamental or merely cosmetic Alinn-«gMiz.ed Mminlll: 'There Ia a dMtth of lntonnation about oppo8ition change? 0 poltldaM and 1heir activltiM in the mainstream media. A.Unut Mof&lllly 1992:12 (I) Pall~ .J Old Wine in New Bottles Superficial Changes in the Malaysian Press ver the last one year <X' 90, a Apart from the addition of colour advertisements), the paper number of Malaysia's front-page colour, the New Straits has also changed its format and 0 mainstream newspapers Titms (NST), for instance, trimmed made some editorial shift. have Wldergone changes Ill an at­ slightly its regular physical size to The paper is broadly divided tempt to look different and better, and transform itself into something that into two sections: one comprises hence improve their image. is called junior broadsheet. Perhaps the regular news, features and busi­ Changes such as these are in­ this is another attempt to give the ness reports and analyses while the evitable and constitute a part of the reader a "real" sense of change. other, called simply Section 2, the growing process of newspapers. The format ol the newspaper paper's answer to the NST's Life­ But do these "innovations" form a has also been revamped. It is now style, carries materials pertaining to good reason for us to jubilate and divided into three sections: The women, lifestyle, the arts, audio­ celebrate? Not really. fllSt section carries news rept:X"ts, visual reviews, personalities, For it's most unfortunate that features and business pages: the crossword puzzle contests, comics, underneath this colowful veneer second, entitled Lifestyle, consists the environment, TV, book and we fmd that these changes are less largely of features pertaining to the fllm comments, education, and fundamental than cosmetic, less arts, literary world, TV, ftlm and some other trivia like Ftng Shui. substance than form , and less con­ record reviews, comics, education, The business pages are packed with cern for a meaningful intellectual health and travel, etc; and the third economic commentaries, company exchange than a conscious display section, called City Extra, offers reports and monthly calendars, of the wizardry of information tech­ regional news and features, and apart from stock-market analyses. nology. If anything, certain things also often splashes colour Once a week the In-Tech sec­ have got worse, and in the process, photographs of the rich, powerful tion swfaces to offer readers infor­ have jeopardized the overall social and famous having a good time. For mation regarding computer and intellectual standing of the reasons best known to themselves development, computer education, newspapers concerned. Put another this particular section is subtitled latest computer products, computer way, they are becoming even less "City Society". games, and of course, space for journalistic. An additional section, Com­ computer advertisements including But first let us see what this putimes, which appears on Monday the perennial computer fair. much talked about transformation and ThUI'Sday, caters to the needs And recently, The Star has really is. In the case of many of the and interests of computer en given a new format, design and newspapers concerned, the em­ thusiastsandadvertisersas well. To layout to its Saturday edition. It phasis essentially, as implied ear­ further increase its readership and now has a restructured section lier, has been on technical circulation figures, the paper has called the Weekender, which con­ improvement, and a content change also offered a crossword puzzle sists of news entertainment, adven­ of sorts. contest to its readers. ture, food, leisure, etc. One change that is very marked Like its stablemate the NST, and common amongst newspapers NottobeOuldone Btrita Harian (BH) also felt recent­ such as the New Straits Titms, The As if not to be outdone, the ly the need to make some changes Star, Btrita Harian and Utusan NST' s close rival, The Star,too, has so as to give its readers a feeling of Malaysia is the use of a colourful undergone somewhat similar cos­ something new, something excit­ photograph or a number of colour­ metic surgery, in a manner of ing. So it gives them more colour, a ful photographs on the front page.
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