History of Science and Technology

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

History of Science and Technology EPMagazine History of Science and Technology EPM No. 39 Issue 3 December 2015 History of Science and Technology ISSN 1722-69611 2 European Pupils Magazine Year 2015 Webmaster Rick Hilkens [email protected] EPM No. 39 Issue 3 - December Editorial Board Contacts I.S.S.N.1722-6961 International Editorial Board [email protected] [email protected] Brasov Editorial Board International Cooperators Brasov, Romania Transilvania University of Brasov “Dr. Ioan Mesota” National College “Mircea Cristea” Technical College Schools Coordinators Students Andra Tudor, Anca Ungureanu, Andrei School 127 I. Denkoglu, Sofia, Miloiu, Timea Koppandi, Andrei Toderasc, Bulgaria Tzvetan Kostov Alexandru Mathe Teachers Elena Helerea, Monica Cotfas, Melania Filip Suttner-Schule, Biotechnologisches Gymnasium, Ettlingen, Germany Norbert Müller Boggio Lera Editorial Board Ahmet Eren Anadolu Lisesi Catania, Italy Kayseri, Turkey Okan Demir Students Alessio D’Augusta, Alfio Lo Castro, Alessio Canini, Gianluca Natale Tinnirello, Tiziano Grillo Priestley College Teacher Angelo Rapisarda Warrington, UK Shahida Khanam Fagaras Editorial Board, Victor Babes National College Bucuresti, Romania Crina Stefureac Fagaras, Romania Dr. Ioan Senchea Technological High School C. A. Rosetti High School Doamna Stanca National College Bucuresti, Romania Elisabeta Niculescu Students Nicolae Hera, Cristina Lucaci, Felix Husac Gh. Asachi Technical College Teachers Luminita Husac, Corina Popa Iasi, Romania Tamara Slatineanu IES Julio Verne, Model Experimental High School Bargas, Spain Angel Delgado Editorial Board EPM Official Website: www.epmagazine.org Thessaloniki, Greece Students Athina Stergiannidou, Spyros Terzin, EPM Online Magazine: epmagazine.altervista. Eugenia Xaki, Niki Kozaiti, Ioannis Mantamas, org Evaggelia Varlami, Christos Emmanouilidis, Dimitrios Zora EPM Greek Website www.epmgreece.blogspot. Teachers Nikos Georgolios, Marilena Zarftzian com Cover of the magazine: Andra Tudor Magazine Layout: Andra Tudor, Musuroi Cristian Issue pagination: Camillo Moncada, Vittorio Bonanno, Alessio d’Augusta, Tiziano Grillo History of Science and Technology 3 Editorial EN-Editorial................................6 IT-Editorial...................................6 BG-Редакционни бележки.........8 GR-Εκδοτικό Σημείωμα................8 ES-Editorial................................10 Martina Sapienza General A Notable Bicentenary: Robert Stirlins's Engine...........................12 John S. Reid 14-16 About the Romanian Chemist Nicolae Teclu...................................17 Tudor Teodora-Elena Crystals in Plants.............................20 Nektarios Anastasiou, Spyros Youris 4 European Pupils Magazine Fun Pages The Stars Crossword.......................17 Tudor Teodora-Elena Crystals in Plants.............................20 Nektarios Anastasiou, Spyros Youris 17-19 Lights and shadows - a short history of photography....................................42 Robert Toma Landmarks in Science in the 20th Century..................................................48 Adelina Ioana Ciuclan EPMagazine Cover Gallery 58 History of Science and Technology 5 Martina Sapienza [email protected] Liceo E. Boggio Lera, Catania, Italy EN- Editorial IT- Editorial THE CANCER AND A IL CANCRO E UNA POSSIBLE CURE POSSIBILE CURA At the present, the main responsible of the In questo periodo una delle cause mag- death of many people is a pathology called giori che provocano la morte è una delle malat- cancer. Already everybody knows it, and sta- tie più letali al mondo, il cancro. Ormai tutti la tistically a third of people suffer from it, even in conoscono, e statisticamente una persona su the 99% of cases they do not know what it is. tre ne soffre, anche se nel 99% dei casi non In our body, there are many totipotential cells, si conosce il vero motivo del male. Nel nos- which are not-specialized ones; sometimes, for tro corpo ci sono moltissime cellule totipotenti unknown reasons, they could quickly reproduce cioè la proprietà di una singola cellula sta- themselves shaping a tumor. When it sends minale animale di svilupparsi in un intero or- messenger proteins that flow in the blood, suc- ganismo e persino in tessuti extra-embrionali. ceeds in affecting to other organs and “infect” Un esempio di cellula totipotente è il blas- them. Now it turns from a tumor to a cancer, tomero (in embriologia, ciascuna delle cellule which causes metastasis. Correlated to this, che risultano dalla segmentazione dell’uovo fe- there is the chemotherapy, a cure that is car- condato); Il cancro inizia con l’attivazione di un ried out through the administration of medicines oncogène (la cellula che, in seguito a delle mu- that should kill the silk cell but really kill also the tazioni, come il mancato controllo della prolifera- healthy cells that reproduces themselves quickly zione cellulare, diventa una cellula tumorale) in (like liver). Per instance, during this therapy one grado di determinare la divisione insolitamente lose hair. Despite this, the chemotherapy is a frequente di cellule che formano il rivestimento “cure” that gives its results. If even this fails to della parete corporea colpita. Ulteriori mutazioni heal the patient, the doctors could sometimes del DNA causano, in seguito, lo sviluppo di un provide radiotherapy, which uses the radiations piccolo tumore benigno. Altre mutazioni portano (X rays, gamma rays) that emit special types of infine all’acquisizione della capacità di migrare in radiation that kill the silk cells. These radiations altri tessuti da parte delle cellule tumorali e quin- can be administered by radioactive means (like di alla formazione di un tumore maligno (carci- a radio-metabolic therapy made by radioactive noma). A questo punto non si parla più di tumore iodine) or administrating the radiation from out- ma di cancro che presenta delle metastasi. side the body with an apparatus that surrounds Correlato a ciò, vi è la possibile cura: la the patient. However, if the cancer is discovered chemioterapia, che prevede la somministra- too late, when the disease is very advanced, we zione di farmaci i quali dovrebbero uccidere le cannot do too much else, because the time of cellule malate ma che, in realtà, uccidono anche treatment is very long. Could we talk about stem le cellule del corpo che si duplicano molto ve- cells as a cure for cancer? Would it be a method locemente (come il fegato); tra i possibili effetti to ensure security to people? Stem cells are un- collaterali della chemioterapia è molto probabile differentiated cells that, genetically modified, can la caduta dei capelli e altri possibili disturbi, ma destroy the cancer, in theory we can take a can- ciononostante rimane una “cura” che dà risultati cer cell, study and understand the types of anti- percepibili. Se nemmeno questa riesce a guarire bodies that turn up to respond positively, then we il paziente, si può ricorrere alla radioterapia, che can stimulate cells to produce the specific anti- usa le radiazioni di raggi X, raggi gamma o altre, body, and introduce this in the body of the patient emesse da particolari tipi di particelle radioattive just killing the cancer cells. This is a theory, only, che possono portare alla morte di quelle malate. which has not been confirmed so far. Nowadays Queste radiazioni possono essere somminis- 6 European Pupils Magazine Editorial there are not appropriate instruments, yet, and trate attraverso farmaci (come la terapia radio- scientists are studying to make this theory a metabolica fatta con lo iodio radioattivo per dis- real fact; anyway, it seems to be science fiction. truggere il tumore alla tiroide, che si utilizza in Obviously, in the future it might become truth; maniera specifica lo Iodio) oppure mediante una in fact, the present kinds of therapy are the fruit dose di raggi al corpo del paziente attraverso of research and studies by many people that uno specifico macchinario. Se il cancro, invece, have collaborated to develop an effective cure. viene diagnosticato troppo tardi, nel momento in During the years, fortunately, we have discov- cui è già molto avanzato, non ci si può fare molto ered cures that reduces the cancer mortality poiché il tempo che si impiegherebbe ad elimi- rate, but in the past, this was a theory either. For nare le cellule malate sarebbe troppo lungo. these reasons, it is normal to consider the stem Si potrebbe provare attraverso le cellule cell possibility as science fiction, but it will not staminali (cellule primitive, non differenzi- ate, dotate della capacità di trasformarsi in diversi altri tipi di cellule del corpo attraverso un processo denominato differenziamento cellulare) una possibile cura, la quale por- terebbe ad un metodo per garantire forse un po’ più di sicurezza alla gente malata. Le cellule staminali sono cellule che, mod- ificate geneticamente, potrebbero distruggere il cancro dall’interno. In teoria si potrebbe pren- dere una cellula tumorale, studiarla e capire a quali tipi di anticorpi risponde positivamente; successivamente, si potrebbe indurre la cellula staminale a produrre il particolare anticorpo, introdurlo nel corpo del paziente e uccidere in questa maniera le cellule tumorali/cancerogene. Tutto ciò però è solo una teoria che ancora non è stata né confermata né provata. Non ci sono ancora gli strumenti adatti e si sta studiando an- cora molto per rendere questa teoria una verità. Potremmo considerare fan- tascienza questa opportunità? Sicuramente in futuro potrà diven- tare una realtà: infatti,
Recommended publications
  • DEKRA Process Safety Instrumentation Equipment Brochure
    PROCESS SAFETY EQUIPMENT – Expertise in Explosion & Process Safety Full Instrument Index Carius Tube .......................................................................................... 6 Gas Burette .......................................................................................... 7 Minimum Ignition Energy (MIE) Cloud .......................................... 8 Minimum Ignition Temperature (MIT) Cloud ................................ 9 20 Litre Sphere ..................................................................................10 Portable Explosion Kit ......................................................................11 Group A/B Dust Flammability Lab Rig ........................................12 Layer Ignition Temperature .............................................................13 Burning Rate Apparatus ..................................................................14 Oxidising Solids Test Apparatus ...................................................15 Autoignition Temperature (AIT) ......................................................16 BAM Fallhammer .............................................................................17 BAM Friction......................................................................................18 Koenen Tube .....................................................................................19 Combined Time Pressure/Oxidising Liquids ...............................20 Floor Glove & Footwear Kit ...........................................................21 Liquid Conductivity
    [Show full text]
  • Seit 1872 Produziert Usbeck Laborgeräte Aus Metall
    Seit 1872 produziert Usbeck Laborgeräte aus Metall. Am Standort Radevormwald fertigt das familiengeführte Unternehmen ein breites Sortiment hochwertiger Laborartikel. Langlebigkeit, komfortable Handhabung und ansprechendes Design zeichnen Usbeck Produkte aus. Im Bestreben zur Nutzung nachhaltiger Fertigungsverfahren hat sich Usbeck auf die Verarbeitung von Zink spezialisiert. Im Druckgießverfahren entstehen Bauteile mit ausgezeichneter Oberflächenqualität, hoher Festigkeit und Härte. Geringer Energieverbrauch während der Produktion sowie die vollständige Recyclingfähigkeit machen Zink zum umweltfreundlichen Ausgangsmaterial unseres Stativprogramms. Die Sicherheit und die Erleichterung der täglichen Arbeit im Labor sind Leitfaden unserer Bemühungen. Zur Erreichung dieser Ziele stehen wir im regelmäßigen Dialog mit den Anwendern. Since its foundation in 1872 Usbeck produces laboratory metalware. At the manufacturing facility in Radevormwald the family owned business produces a broad range of high quality laboratory equipment. Longevity, convenient handling and attractive design characterize Usbeck products. With the objective to employ sustainable production techniques, Usbeck has specialized in zinc die casting, creating components with excellent surface quality, high rigidity and hardness. Low energy consumption during production as well as full recyclability make zinc the suitable starting material of our scaffolding. Safety and facilitation of daily laboratory work are the guidelines of our efforts. To achieve these objectives, we continuously
    [Show full text]
  • Organic Chemistry LD Organic Compounds Chemistry Composition of Organic Compounds Leaflets C2.1.1.1
    Organic chemistry LD Organic compounds Chemistry Composition of organic compounds Leaflets C2.1.1.1 Quantitative determination of carbon Aims of the experiment To determine the composition of organic compounds To learn about quantitative analysis To analyse the proportion of carbon in a compound To determine the structure of organic compounds To learn an example of the application of a redox reaction Principles A third element which occurs in many organic compounds is Organic chemistry is the chemistry of carbon compounds. The oxygen. An example of this are the alcohols which, based on term was coined by Berzelius, as it was assumed in the 19th the term alkane, are also called alkanoles with the general sum century that organic compounds can only be formed by living formula: organisms. In this day and age, however, many organic com- pounds are produced synthetically, particularly ones which do 퐶푛퐻2푛+1푂퐻 not occur in nature. Hydrocarbons with more than three carbon atoms can be Besides carbon atoms, organic compounds also contain hy- linked to each other in various ways. They can exist, for exam- drogen atoms. Compounds which only consist of these two at- ple, as long-chain or branched-chain molecules, or in a ring oms are referred to in simplified terms as hydrocarbons. There formation. Included in the chain-linked alkanes are the so- are further subdivisions within the hydrocarbons which are dif- called constitutional isomers, which have the same sum for- ferentiated, for example, according to the bonds present. The mula but are linked in branches and therefore display a differ- carbon atom itself is always tetravalent.
    [Show full text]
  • Shaker for Erlenmeyer Flasks “AG-200-B”
    “Build today, then strong and sure, With a firm and ample base; And ascending and secure. Shall tomorrow find its place.” Environmentally friendly final finish Longfellow, Henry W.(1807-1882) treatment line. ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY Presentation 1 Selecta Group Factory Situated close to the scenic Montserrat mountain. Located at Km. 585.1 of the A-2 highway, at the exit Abrera (Barcelona), covering an area of 21000 m2, and factory build 14,800m2. Situated 28 Km from the city of Barcelona, with excellent links by motorway AP-7, exit 25 (Martorell) or by the A-2 highway, Km 585.1 Barcelona-Madrid, industrial estate “Can Amat” next to the production centre of SEAT. 2 Presentation HOWTOFINDUS Presentation 3 Selecta Group SELECTA GROUP A-2 highway, Km. 585,1 - 08630 ABRERA (Barcelona-SPAIN) - P. +34 93 770 08 77* (6 lines) - F. +34 93 770 23 62 - www.jpselecta.es - [email protected] ® ® J.P. SELECTA S.A. COMECTA S.A. AQUISEL S.L. Scientific Laboratory Equipment Exclusive Representation Manufacturer manufacturer of Disposable Clinical Test Kits Own Brands: ISO 9002:2000 Analytical Division International Patents Tubes for Blood Analysis Pipettes for Determination of Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate E.S.R. Sealed Containers for Urine Samples 4 Presentation Greeting 1940-2010 In 1948, during my youth, I got involved in the manufacture I would like to take this opportunity, with the of small utensils and some simple laboratory apparatus, presentation of the new general catalogue 2011-2013, to with the aid of some little elements available. set out some of the indicatives that define the present During these 62 years, I feel completely professional moment of J.P Selecta.
    [Show full text]
  • Maximilian Lackner, Árpád B. Palotás, and Franz Winter Combustion
    Maximilian Lackner, Árpád B. Palotás, and Franz Winter Combustion Related Titles Lackner, M., Winter, F., Agarwal, A. K. (eds.) Handbook of Combustion 5 Volumes 2010 ISBN: 978-3-527-32449-1 Koch, E.-C. Metal-Fluorocarbon Based Energetic Materials 2012 ISBN: 978-3-527-32920-5 Stolten, D., Scherer, V. (eds.) Transition to Renewable Energy Systems 2013 ISBN: 978-3-527-33239-7 Fricke, J., Borst, W. L. Essentials of Energy Technology Sources, Transport, Storage, Conservation 2013 ISBN: 978-3-527-33416-2 Maximilian Lackner, Árpád B. Palotás, and Franz Winter Combustion From Basics to Applications The Authors All books published by Wiley-VCH are carefully produced. Nevertheless, authors, editors, and publisher do not warrant the information contained Maximilian Lackner in these books, including this book, to be free of Vienna University of Technology errors. Readers are advised to keep in mind that Institute of Chemical Engineering statements, data, illustrations, procedural details or Getreidemarkt 9 /166 other items may inadvertently be inaccurate. 1060 Vienna Library of Congress Card No.: applied for Austria British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Árpád B. Palotás A catalogue record for this book is available from the University of Miskolc British Library. Institute of Chemical Engineering Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche 3515 Miskolc-Egyetemvaros Nationalbibliothek Hungary The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this fi Franz Winter publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliogra e; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Vienna University of Technology Internet at < http:// dnb.d-nb.d e> . Institute of Chemical Engineering Getreidemarkt 9 /166 # 2013 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 1060 Vienna Boschstr.
    [Show full text]
  • LEC 03.13 the Melting Point of a Binary System
    LEC The melting point of a binary system 03.13 Related concepts Powder funnel, do = 65 mm 34472.00 1 Melt, melting point, melting point diagram, binary system, misci- Mircospoon 33393.00 1 bility gap, mixed crystal, eutectic mixture, Gibbs‘ phase law. Mortar with pestle, 70 ml 32603.00 2 Precision balance, 620 g 48852.93 1 Principle Weighing dishes, 80 x 50 x 14 mm 45019.05 1 In plotting the cooling curves of binary mixtures one determines Teclu burner, natural gas 32171.05 1 the temperatures of melting and solidification of specimens with Safety gas tubing 39281.10 1 differing fractions (molar fractions) of the two components. Hose clips, d = 12...20 mm 40995.00 2 These results are entered in a temperature versus concentration Lighter for natural / liquified gases 38874.00 1 diagram. Napththalene, white, 250 g 48299.25 1 Biphenyl, 100 g 31113.10 1 Tasks Standard petrol, b.p. 65-95°C, 1000 ml 31311.70 1 Record the melting point diagram of a mixture of biphenyl and PC, Windows® 95 or higher naphthalene. Determine the composition of the eutectic mixture and its melting point from the melting point diagram. Changes in the equipment required for use of the Basic- Unit: Equipment (instead of * above mentioned) Cobra3 Chem-Unit 12153.00* 1 Cobra3 Basic-Unit 12150.00 1 Power supply 12 V/2 A 12151.99 1 Measuring module, Temperature 12104.00 1 Data cable, RS232 14602.00 1 Software Cobra3 Temperature 14503.61 1 Software Cobra3 Chem-Unit 14520.61* 1 Thermocouple NiCr-Ni, sheathed 13615.01 1 Set-up and Procedure Retort stand, h = 750 mm 37694.00 1 Grind sufficient quantities of biphenyl and naphthalene for the 11 Right angle clamp 37697.00 1 different test mixtures listed in Table 1 separately to powder Universal clamp 37715.00 1 using a mortar and pestle.
    [Show full text]
  • Laboratory Instruments
    Laboratory Instruments Laboratory Incubator • Kjeldhal Unit • EGG Incubator • Rectangular Muffle Furnace • Bacteriological Incubator • Tube Heating Block • Hybridization Incubator • Water Still Mane sty Type • Walk In Incubator • Water Incubator Shaker • Chemical Oxygen Demand • Vertical High Pressure Incubator Autoclave • B.O. D. Incubator • Oil Bath (High Temperature) • Orbital Shaking Incubator • Sox let Extraction Unit Heat and Refrigeration System Microtome Equipment • Hot Air Universal Oven • Rotary Microtome Erma Type • Industrial Drying Oven • Rotary Senior Microtome • Tray Dryer • Precision Rotary Microtome Lips haw Type • Vacuum Oven • Microtome Cryostat Automatic • Thermostatic Water Bath • Automatic Microtome Cryostat • Water Bath Precision (Constant • Automatic Microtome Razor Temp. Control) Sharpener • Refrigerated Liquid Bath • Automatic Microtome Knife • General Heat Apparatus Sharpener (Arthur Thomas Type) • Mortuary Freezer • Rotary Microtome Razor • Micro Abrasives • Blood Bank Refrigerator • Semi Automatic Rotary • Vaccine Storage Cabinet Microtome • Deep Freezer • Fully Automatic Rotary • Electrical Incinerator Microtome • Semi Automatic Cryostat • Constant Temperature Microtome Refrigeration • Automatic Microtome Knife • Bottle Dryer Sharpener Clean Air System Seed Technology • Material Storage Cabinet • Seed Germinator (Single • Laminar Air Flow Cabinet Chamber) • Horizontal Laminar Air Flow • Seed Germinator (Double Cabinet Chamber) • Biological Safety Cabinet • Plant Growth Chamber • Inoculation Chamber • Seed
    [Show full text]
  • Terms of Business
    Terms of Business v There are frequent fluctuations in the cost of input. So we may not be able to give prior intimation regarding changes in the price structure. v Packing, Forwarding, Freight and Insurance will be Charged Extra. v Sales Tax and Excise Duty will be extra as per Central or State Government Rules. v Every possible care is taken in packing, but it is difficult to undertake responsibility of loss, breakage or damage during transit. v R/R and our bill be sent though V. P. P. or any scheduled bank. New customers are requested to advance 25% of the estimated value. v While placing the order, please give clear despatch instructions indicating C. S. T. Number, Name of Railway Station, Your Banker and Our Catalogue Number. v All problems shall be solved amicably subject to Ambala Jurisdiction. GUPTA SCIENTIFIC INDUSTRIES Ambala Cantt. THIS CANCELS OUR ALL PREVIOUS PRICE LISTS PPPrice List 2017-18 CATALOGUE CONTENTS Product Range Pages Interchangeable Standard Joints, Adapters, Stirrers, Condensers, 1 to 49 Laboratory Flasks, Columns, Separating Funnels, Assemblies, Glasswares Water Distillation, Essential Oil, Soxhlet Apparatus. Volumetric Burettes, Pipettes, Micro Pipettes, Measuring Cylinders, 50 to 74 Glasswares Measuring Flasks, Culture Tubes, Centrifuge Tube & Test Tubes. Sintered Sintered Crucibles, Funnels, Chromatography Columns and 75 to 84 Glasswares Filter Assembly. Gas Estimation Impinger, Gas Burettes, Tubes, Gas Wash Bottles, 85 to 90 Apparatus Oxygen Purity and Orsat Apparatus. Special Semi Micro Ware, Clinical Laboratory Apparatus, 91 to 97 Glasswares Electrodes and Milk Testing Apparatus. Supplementary Stopcocks, Rotaflow Screw Type Stopcocks, Teflon Key 98 to 123 Glasswares Stopcocks, Manometers, Weighing Bottles, S.
    [Show full text]
  • 1455189355674.Pdf
    THE STORYTeller’S THESAURUS FANTASY, HISTORY, AND HORROR JAMES M. WARD AND ANNE K. BROWN Cover by: Peter Bradley LEGAL PAGE: Every effort has been made not to make use of proprietary or copyrighted materi- al. Any mention of actual commercial products in this book does not constitute an endorsement. www.trolllord.com www.chenaultandgraypublishing.com Email:[email protected] Printed in U.S.A © 2013 Chenault & Gray Publishing, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Storyteller’s Thesaurus Trademark of Cheanult & Gray Publishing. All Rights Reserved. Chenault & Gray Publishing, Troll Lord Games logos are Trademark of Chenault & Gray Publishing. All Rights Reserved. TABLE OF CONTENTS THE STORYTeller’S THESAURUS 1 FANTASY, HISTORY, AND HORROR 1 JAMES M. WARD AND ANNE K. BROWN 1 INTRODUCTION 8 WHAT MAKES THIS BOOK DIFFERENT 8 THE STORYTeller’s RESPONSIBILITY: RESEARCH 9 WHAT THIS BOOK DOES NOT CONTAIN 9 A WHISPER OF ENCOURAGEMENT 10 CHAPTER 1: CHARACTER BUILDING 11 GENDER 11 AGE 11 PHYSICAL AttRIBUTES 11 SIZE AND BODY TYPE 11 FACIAL FEATURES 12 HAIR 13 SPECIES 13 PERSONALITY 14 PHOBIAS 15 OCCUPATIONS 17 ADVENTURERS 17 CIVILIANS 18 ORGANIZATIONS 21 CHAPTER 2: CLOTHING 22 STYLES OF DRESS 22 CLOTHING PIECES 22 CLOTHING CONSTRUCTION 24 CHAPTER 3: ARCHITECTURE AND PROPERTY 25 ARCHITECTURAL STYLES AND ELEMENTS 25 BUILDING MATERIALS 26 PROPERTY TYPES 26 SPECIALTY ANATOMY 29 CHAPTER 4: FURNISHINGS 30 CHAPTER 5: EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS 31 ADVENTurer’S GEAR 31 GENERAL EQUIPMENT AND TOOLS 31 2 THE STORYTeller’s Thesaurus KITCHEN EQUIPMENT 35 LINENS 36 MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
    [Show full text]
  • LABORTOPS Labortops 3/2020
    LABORTOPS Labortops 3/2020 valid until 30.09.2020 LLG-uniREFRACTO 5 pro ® LABWARE Universal Refractometer For all Applications With three Scales Page 3 Analytical Measurements 2-3 Liquid Handling 18-19 Heating und Cooling 4-5 Laboratory Safety Products 20-21 General Lab Products 6-7 Weighing 22 Distillation 8-9 Cleaning 23 Filtration 10 Sampling 24-25 Cleanroom 11 Mixing and Heating 26-27 Occupational Safety / Waste Disposal 12 Pumps 28 Microbiology 13 Centrifugation 29 Genomics 14-15 Stirring 30-31 Cell Culture 16-17 Shaking Incubator 32 Analytical Measurements pH Combination Electrode, pH Meter FiveEasy™ pH F20 Gel Electrolyte, SenTix® 41 ! With 3 in 1 Electrode Large Display Easy to Operate Basic pH combination electrode, with plastic body, gel reference system. With fixed cable (1 m). Temperature range: 0 to 80 °C pH range: 0 to 14 pH Length/diam.: 120 mm/12 mm Diaphragm: Fibre Membrane shape: Cylindical Membrane resistance at 25 °C: 1 GΩ Type Temperature Connector PK Cat. No. Price sensor EUR SenTix® 41 NTC 30 kΩ DIN, waterproof 1 9.040 876 193.58 pH Combination Electrodes, Liquid Electrolyte, SenTix® 81, refillable FiveEasy™ benchtop meters provide high quality pH/mV measurements with the simple click of a button. - Large, easy to read and easy to understand display with all information visible at a glance - Five self-explanatory buttons making operation simple and easy - Electrode arm extension pole included Scope of supply: Meter with CD operating instructions, QuickGuide, declaration of conformity, test certificate and power supply, 3-in-1 pH electrode and 1 each x 4.01, 7.00 and 9.21 buffer sachets Standard pH combination electrode with glass shaft, non-solid electrolytes.
    [Show full text]
  • Laboratory Glassware
    This week we are launching Wikivoyage . Join us in creating a free travel guide that anyone can edit. Laboratory glassware From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation, search This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2011) Three beakers, an Erlenmeyer flask, a graduated cylinder and a volumetric flask Brown glass jars with some clear lab glassware in the background Laboratory glassware refers to a variety of equipment, traditionally made of glass, used for scientific experiments and other work in science, especially in chemistry and biology laboratories. Some of the equipment is now made of plastic for cost, ruggedness, and convenience reasons, but glass is still used for some applications because it is relatively inert, transparent, more heat-resistant than some plastics up to a point, and relatively easy to customize. Borosilicate glasses are often used because they are less subject to thermal stress and are common for reagent bottles. For some applications quartz glass is used for its ability to withstand high temperatures or its transparency in certain parts of the electromagnetic spectrum. In other applications, especially some storage bottles, darkened brown or amber (actinic) glass is used to keep out much of the UV and IR radiation so that the effect of light on the contents is minimized. Special-purpose materials are also used; for example, hydrofluoric acid is stored and used in polyethylene containers because it reacts with glass.[1] For pressurized reaction, heavy-wall glass is used for pressure reactor.
    [Show full text]
  • 1. General Laboratory Consumables Contents
    GENERAL CATALOGUE EDITION 19 1. General laboratory consumables Contents Vessels 12 Beakers.......................................................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Measuring jugs................................................................................................................................................................................................ 16 Flasks ............................................................................................................................................................................................................ 18 Test tubes ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 24 Stoppers ........................................................................................................................................................................................................ 28 Tube racks ...................................................................................................................................................................................................... 30 Containers.....................................................................................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]