DOCSLIB.ORG

The Rules of the Game: Allende's Chile, the United States and Cuba, 1970-1973

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Rules of the Game: Allende's Chile, the United States and Cuba, 1970-1973 The Rules of the Game: Allende’s Chile, the United States and Cuba, 1970-1973. Tanya Harmer London School of Economics and Political Science February 2008 Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of PhD in International History, Department of international History, LSE. Word Count (excluding bibliography): 99,984. 1 UMI Number: U506B05 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U506305 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Ti4es^ 5 F m Library British Litiwy o* Pivam* and Economic Sc«kk* li 3 5 \ q g Abstract This thesis is an international history of Chile and inter-American relations during the presidency of Salvador Allende. On the one hand, it investigates the impact external actors and international affairs had on Chilean politics up to and immediately following the brutal coup d’etat that overthrew Allende on 11 September 1973. On the other hand, it explores how the rise and fall of Allende’s peaceful democratic road to socialism affected the Cold War in Latin America and international affairs beyond. Based on multi-archival research, online resources and interviews conducted in Havana and Santiago, it places Chile - and the regional and international context in which Allende existed - at the heart of a story that has too often been told from Washington’s perspective and in isolation from the history of Latin American and Third World politics. It argues that the direct significance Allende’s Chile had for Latin America - and more specifically, the Southern Cone - between 1970 and 1973 was to reinvigorate a battle for control of the continent between those who sought socialist revolution and those who wanted to destroy it. 2 Table of Contents Page Acknowledgements .......................................................................................................... 4. Abbreviations ..................................................................................................................... 6. List of Illustrations............................................................................................................. 8. Maps..................................................................................................................................... 9. Introduction......................................................................................................................... 10. Chapter One: From Mature Partnership to Mortal Struggle........................................... 32. Chapter Two: In Pursuit of Radical Transformation..................................................... 59. Chapter Three: “In a Revolution Not Everything is Rose-Coloured”......................... 85. Chapter Four: Battle Lines............................................................................................... 114. Chapter Five: Crossroads................................................................................................. 140. Chapter Six: Endgame ..................................................................................................... 167. Conclusion........................................................................................................................... 198. Endnotes.............................................................................................................................. 213. Bibliography......................................................................................................................... 254. 3 Acknowledgements I A common phrase used by Cubans to describe the most mundane to the most complicated of tasks is es faciir (It is not easy). But with the help and support I received whilst researching and writing this thesis, the process was made considerably easier. Primarily, I owe an immense debt to the Department of International History at the London School of Economics and to my supervisor, Professor O. Arne Westad. The inspiration, warm encouragement, support and patience he has offered me over the past four years have been invaluable. My thanks also goes to Steve Casey for sharing the burden of supervising me in the first year of the PhD, and for reading later work and providing me with thoughtful comments. I have also been very fortunate to benefit from the inspiring research and teaching environment of the International History Department and its Cold War Studies Centre. My particular thanks to Robert Boyce for hosting his regular PhD workshops, to Antony Best as co-ordinator of the PhD Programme and to the staff at the Cold War Studies Centre (among them Lisa Aronsson, Liz Benning, Jeff Byrne, Tiha Franulovic, Martin A. Gonzalez, Garret Martin, Sue Onslow, Svetozar Rajak and Louise Woodroofe). Many thanks also to all those (particularly Jim Hershberg and Michael J. Sullivan) who offered insightful comments, posed thought-provoking questions and gave me encouragement when I presented earlier versions of chapters from the thesis at the CWSC’s Graduate Seminar Series, the LSE-GWU-UCSB International Graduate Conference on the Cold War, the IHR’s International History Seminar, and the Society for Historians of American Foreign Relations’s annual confrence. The research and years I have dedicated to the PhD would simply not have been possible without the financial assistance I received from the Arts and Humanities Research Council, the International History Department at the LSE and the University of London’s Central Research Fund. The AHRC’s generous doctoral scholarship and ‘study abroad’ grant allowed me to work full-time on the thesis and to conduct three months of research in Santiago, Brasilia and Havana at the end of 2004.1 am also very grateful to the University of London’s Central Research Fund, which provided me with funds to return for a second time to Havana. Similarly, the International History department’s travel bursaries covered my travel costs to Washington on two occasions and a third visit to Cuba. In the final year of the project, the research studentship I received from the LSE quite simply enabled me to pay my rent while I dedicated myself to the writing-up process. 4 The process of research in Cuba is as complicated as it is exciting but it would have been far more I daunting without the support and guidance of Professor Antoni Kapcia and members of the Cuba Research Forum based at the University of Nottingham and the University of Havana. For their help in obtaining the right visa, introducing me to the right people, providing a welcoming environment to discuss research in Cuba, and for inviting me to attend their annual conferences and graduate seminars, I am greatly indebted. In Havana, my thanks goes to Jorge Hernandez, and Luis Rene Fernandez at CESEU who not only gave me institutional backing for my project, but also gave me help and support during my three research trips. The staff at Casa Memorial Salvador Allende in Havana also deserve particular thanks for opening doors in my protracted mission to arrange interviews. Thanks also to Carlos Alzugaray and Luis Suarez Salazar at ISRI, as well as Mayra Rogers at the University of Havana. Outside Cuba, I would also like to pay thanks to CRF members: Guy Baron, Camillia Cowling, Chris Hull, Hal Klepak, Par Kumaraswami, Anne Luke, Kathy Riley and Olga Rodriguez not only for sharing their experiences with me, but also for making my own research as enjoyable as it was absorbing. Outside the field of Cuban studies, I am very grateful to my colleagues working in the field of Latin American and US history, Victor Figueroa Clark, Martin Gonzalez, Kristian Gustafson, Daniel Michael, Alessandro Santoni, Andy Scott and Matias Spektor, with whom I have enjoyed long and interesting conversations. Many colleagues, friends and family members also read chapters, commented on conference papers and/or gave me helpful advice and support in the last (and seemingly never-ending) stages of the writing process. My heartfelt thanks to Kate Annand, Jeff Byrne, Chris Connolly, Lindsay Evans, Thomas Field, Stephanie Hare-Cuming, Anita, Jeremy and Jessy Harmer, Ian Jasper, Garret Martin, Frederico Matos, Ed Packard, Mark Plumb, Andy Scott, Erica Wald, Alex Wieland and Louise Woodroofe. Most of all, however, thank you to my family who not only endured the worst of the PhD with me, but who also opened my eyes to the world and made the best of it possible. To my family, but especially my parents, Anita and Jeremy, I dedicate this thesis. 5 Abbreviations AR Chile’s Voice o f Democracy: Salvador Allende Reader edited by C.D. Cockroft. AMRE Archivo General Historico, Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores, (Chilean Foreign Ministry Archive), Santiago. AMRE-Brasilia Arquivo Historico, Ministerio de R ed o e s Exteriores, (Brazilian Foreign Ministry Archive), Brasilia. API Accion Popular Independiente (Popular Independent Action) ARA Bureau of Inter-American Affairs, Department of State, United States CIA Central Intelligence Agency, United States. CDP Chile Declassification Project,
Load more

Recommended publications
  • John Lennon from ‘Imagine’ to Martyrdom Paul Mccartney Wings – Band on the Run George Harrison All Things Must Pass Ringo Starr the Boogaloo Beatle
    THE YEARS 1970 -19 8 0 John Lennon From ‘Imagine’ to martyrdom Paul McCartney Wings – band on the run George Harrison All things must pass Ringo Starr The boogaloo Beatle The genuine article VOLUME 2 ISSUE 3 UK £5.99 Packed with classic interviews, reviews and photos from the archives of NME and Melody Maker www.jackdaniels.com ©2005 Jack Daniel’s. All Rights Reserved. JACK DANIEL’S and OLD NO. 7 are registered trademarks. A fine sippin’ whiskey is best enjoyed responsibly. by Billy Preston t’s hard to believe it’s been over sent word for me to come by, we got to – all I remember was we had a groove going and 40 years since I fi rst met The jamming and one thing led to another and someone said “take a solo”, then when the album Beatles in Hamburg in 1962. I ended up recording in the studio with came out my name was there on the song. Plenty I arrived to do a two-week them. The press called me the Fifth Beatle of other musicians worked with them at that time, residency at the Star Club with but I was just really happy to be there. people like Eric Clapton, but they chose to give me Little Richard. He was a hero of theirs Things were hard for them then, Brian a credit for which I’m very grateful. so they were in awe and I think they had died and there was a lot of politics I ended up signing to Apple and making were impressed with me too because and money hassles with Apple, but we a couple of albums with them and in turn had I was only 16 and holding down a job got on personality-wise and they grew to the opportunity to work on their solo albums.
    [Show full text]
  • Salvador Allende Rea
    I Chronology: Chile 1962-1975 Sources: Appendix to Church Committee Report reproduced on the Internet by Rdbinson Rojas Research Unit Consultancy <http:// www. soft.net.uk/rrojasdatabank/index.htm> [the "Church Committee," named after its chairman Senator Frank Church, was the U.S. Senate Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations in Respect to Intelligence Activities]; James D. Cockcroft, Latin America: History, Politics, and U.S. Policy, 2"d ed. (Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing/Thomson Learning, 1997), 531-565; Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress, "Chile: A Chronology," Appendix A of United States and Chile During the Allende Years, 1970-1973: Hearings before the Subcommittee on Inter-American Affairs o] the Committee on Foreign Affairs, U.S. House of Representatives (Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1975); Hedda Garza, Salvador Allende (New York and Philadelphia: Chelsea House Publishers, 1989); "HI and Chile," Report of the Senate Foreign Relations Subcommittee on Multinational Corporations, June 21,1973; NACLA Report on the Americas, May-June 1999. 1962 Special Group [select U.S. government officials including the CIA approves $50,000 to strengthen Christian Democratic Party (PDC) subsequently approves an additional $180,000 to strengthen PDC anc its leader, Eduardo Frei. Throughout early 1960s, the U.S. Depart ment of the Army and a team of U.S. university professors develop "Project Camelot," which calls for the coordinated buildup of civilian and military forces inside Chile, with U.S. support, into a force capable of overthrowing any elected left-coalition govemment. 1963 Special Group approves $20,000 for a leader of the Radical Party (PR); later approves an additional $30,000 to support PR candidates in April municipal elections.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Shadow of Empire and Nation : Chilean Migration to the United
    IN THE SHADOW OF EMPIRE AND NATION: CHILEAN MIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES SINCE 1950 By Cristián Alberto Doña Reveco A DISSERTATION Submitted to Michigan State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Sociology History 2012 ABSTRACT IN THE SHADOW OF EMPIRE AND NATION: CHILEAN MIGRATION TO THE UNITED STATES SINCE 1950 By Cristián Alberto Doña Reveco This dissertation deals with how Chilean emigrants who have migrated to the US since the 1950s remember and define their migration decision in connection to changing historical processes in both the country of origin and that of destination. Using mainly oral histories collected from 30 Chileans I compare the processes that led to their migration; their memories of Chile at the time of migration; the arrival to the United States, as well as their intermediate migrations to other countries; their memories of Chile during the visits to the country of origin; and their self identifications with the countries of origin and destination. I also use census data and migration entry data to characterize and analyze the different waves of Chilean migration to the United States. I separate each wave by a major historical moment. The first wave commences at the end of World War II and the beginnings of the Cold War; the second with the military coup of September 11, 1973; the third with the economic crisis of 1982; and the fourth with the return to democratic governments in 1990. Connecting the oral histories, migration data and historiographies to current approaches to migration decision-making, the study of social memory, and the construction of migrant identities, this dissertation explores the interplay of these multiple factors in the social constructions underlying the decisions to migrate.
    [Show full text]
  • La Vía Chilena Al Socialismo. 50 Años Después. Tomo I: Historia
    La vía chilena al socialismo 50 años después Tomo I. Historia Austin Henry, Robert. La vía chilena al socialismo: 50 años después / Robert Austin Henry; Joana Salém Vasconcelos; Viviana Canibilo Ramírez; compilado por Austin Henry, Robert; Joana Salém Vasconcelos; Viviana Canibilo Ramírez. - 1a ed. - Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires: CLACSO, 2020. Libro digital, PDF Archivo Digital: descarga ISBN 978-987-722-769-7 1. Historia. 2. Historia de Chile. I. Salém Vasconcelos, Joana. II. Canibilo Ramírez, Viviana. III. Título. CDD 983 La vía chilena al socialismo: 50 años después Vol. I / Kemy Oyarzún V. ... [et al.]; compilado por Robert Austin Henry; Joana Salém Vasconcelos; Viviana Canibilo Ramírez; prefacio de Faride Zerán; Marcelo Arredondo. - 1a ed. - Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires : CLACSO, 2020. Libro digital, PDF Archivo Digital: descarga ISBN 978-987-722-770-3 1. Historia. 2. Historia de Chile. I. Oyarzún V., Kemy. II. Austin Henry, Robert, comp. III. Salém Vasconcelos, Joa- na, comp. IV. Canibilo Ramírez, Viviana, comp. V. Zerán, Faride, pref. VI. Arredondo, Marcelo, pref. CDD 983 Diseño y diagramación: Eleonora Silva Arte de tapa: Villy La vía chilena al socialismo 50 años después Tomo I. Historia Robert Austin Henry, Joana Salém Vasconcelos y Viviana Canibilo Ramírez (compilación) CLACSO Secretaría Ejecutiva Karina Batthyány - Secretaria Ejecutiva Nicolás Arata - Director de Formación y Producción Editorial Equipo Editorial María Fernanda Pampín - Directora Adjunta de Publicaciones Lucas Sablich - Coordinador Editorial María Leguizamón - Gestión Editorial Nicolás Sticotti - Fondo Editorial LIBRERÍA LATINOAMERICANA Y CARIBEÑA DE CIENCIAS SOCIALES CONOCIMIENTO ABIERTO, CONOCIMIENTO LIBRE Los libros de CLACSO pueden descargarse libremente en formato digital o adquirirse en versión impresa desde cualquier lugar del mundo ingresando a www.clacso.org.ar/libreria-latinoamericana VolveremosLa vía chilena y seremos al socialismo.
    [Show full text]
  • Arrest of Suspected Assassin Yields New Demands for Pinochet Resignation LADB Staff
    University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository NotiSur Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) 1-26-1996 Arrest of Suspected Assassin Yields New Demands for Pinochet Resignation LADB Staff Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/notisur Recommended Citation LADB Staff. "Arrest of Suspected Assassin Yields New Demands for Pinochet Resignation." (1996). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/notisur/12109 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Latin America Digital Beat (LADB) at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in NotiSur by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. LADB Article Id: 55802 ISSN: 1060-4189 Arrest of Suspected Assassin Yields New Demands for Pinochet Resignation by LADB Staff Category/Department: Chile Published: 1996-01-26 In mid-January, police in Argentina arrested the person believed responsible for the 1974 assassination in Buenos Aires of Chilean Gen. Carlos Prats and his wife Sofia Couthbert. The individual arrested is a former Chilean intelligence agent, and his capture has brought renewed calls for the resignation of Chile's army chief, Gen. Augusto Pinochet. The case has also resurfaced tensions between the Chilean military and the civilian government of President Eduardo Frei. On Jan. 19, Argentine police in Buenos Aires arrested Enrique Lautaro Arancibia Clavel, a Chilean citizen who is suspected of being the intellectual author of the 1974 assassination of Gen. Prats and his wife. The arrest was announced by Argentine President Carlos Saul Menem, who called it "a new victory for justice and for the federal police." Police sources said Arancibia Clavel had been sought for years by Argentine, Chilean, and Italian authorities in connection with the deaths of Prats and his wife, as well as for carrying out other assassinations on behalf of the Chilean secret service (Direccion de Inteligencia Nacional, DINA).
    [Show full text]
  • A History of Political Murder in Latin America Clear of Conflict, Children Anywhere, and the Elderly—All These Have Been Its Victims
    Chapter 1 Targets and Victims His dance of death was famous. In 1463, Bernt Notke painted a life-sized, thirty-meter-long “Totentanz” that snaked around the chapel walls of the Marienkirche in Lübeck, the picturesque port town outside Hamburg in northern Germany. Individuals covering the entire medieval social spec- trum were represented, ranging from the Pope, the Emperor and Empress, and a King, followed by (among others) a duke, an abbot, a nobleman, a merchant, a maiden, a peasant, and even an infant. All danced reluctantly with grinning images of the reaper in his inexorable procession. Today only photos remain. Allied bombers destroyed the church during World War II. If Notke were somehow transported to Latin America five hundred years later to produce a new version, he would find no less diverse a group to portray: a popular politician, Jorge Eliécer Gaitán, shot down on a main thoroughfare in Bogotá; a churchman, Archbishop Oscar Romero, murdered while celebrating mass in San Salvador; a revolutionary, Che Guevara, sum- marily executed after his surrender to the Bolivian army; journalists Rodolfo Walsh and Irma Flaquer, disappeared in Argentina and Guatemala; an activ- ist lawyer and nun, Digna Ochoa, murdered in her office for defending human rights in Mexico; a soldier, General Carlos Prats, murdered in exile for standing up for democratic government in Chile; a pioneering human rights organizer, Azucena Villaflor, disappeared from in front of her home in Buenos Aires never to be seen again. They could all dance together, these and many other messengers of change cut down by this modern plague.
    [Show full text]
  • The View from Havana: Chilean Exiles in Cuba and Early Resistance to Chile’S Dictatorship, 1973-1977
    Tanya Harmer The view from Havana: Chilean exiles in Cuba and early resistance to Chile’s dictatorship, 1973-1977 Article (Accepted version) (Refereed) Original citation: Harmer, Tanya (2016) The view from Havana: Chilean exiles in Cuba and early resistance to Chile’s dictatorship, 1973-1977. Hispanic American Historical Review, 96 (1). pp. 109-146. ISSN 0018-2168 DOI: 10.1215/00182168-3423904 © 2016 Duke University Press This version available at: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/65296/ Available in LSE Research Online: February 2016 LSE has developed LSE Research Online so that users may access research output of the School. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LSE Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute the URL (http://eprints.lse.ac.uk) of the LSE Research Online website. This document is the author’s final accepted version of the journal article. There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it. The view from Havana: Chilean Exiles in Cuba and Early Resistance to Chile’s Dictatorship, 1973-1977 Two days after the Chilean military coup on 11 September 1973, the first left-wing Chilean exiles reached Cuba.
    [Show full text]
  • The Resignification of the Chilean Dictatorship's International Discourse Decolonisation, Religious Tolerance and Women'
    Women's Studies International Forum 82 (2020) 102389 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Women's Studies International Forum journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/wsif The resignification of the Chilean dictatorship's international discourse: Decolonisation, religious tolerance and women's rights T ⁎ María José Henríquez, Tatiana Rein-Venegas Institute of International Studies, University of Chile, Chile ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: The Chilean dictatorship reacted to the international condemnation with a resignification of its international Human Rights discourse in areas of Human Rights that it considered innocuous, such as decolonisation, apartheid, religious Dictatorship tolerance and -as we suggest- women's rights. The article seeks to determine the key representations elaborated Chile by the dictatorship, through a discourse analysis, and a post-structuralist approach in International Relations. Its Women's rights findings show that in the area of women's rights there existed a clear contradiction between the internal and Discourse international narrative on the part of the dictatorship, with a support for feminist ideas in the international International relations sphere and a hostile opposition against them in the domestic one. For the evaluation of the consequences of this practice, the analysis uses the boomerang model, looking at the impact of the contradiction on the strength not only of the human's rights movement, but also the women's rights one. In turn, it evaluates the effect that the latter had on the dictatorship
    [Show full text]
  • Power, Coercion, Legitimacy and the Press in Pinochet's Chile a Dissertation Presented to the Faculty Of
    Writing the Opposition: Power, Coercion, Legitimacy and the Press in Pinochet's Chile A dissertation presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Brad T. Eidahl December 2017 © 2017 Brad T. Eidahl. All Rights Reserved. 2 This dissertation titled Writing the Opposition: Power, Coercion, Legitimacy and the Press in Pinochet's Chile by BRAD T. EIDAHL has been approved for the Department of History and the College of Arts and Sciences by Patrick M. Barr-Melej Professor of History Robert Frank Dean, College of Arts and Sciences 3 ABSTRACT EIDAHL, BRAD T., Ph.D., December 2017, History Writing the Opposition: Power, Coercion, Legitimacy and the Press in Pinochet's Chile Director of Dissertation: Patrick M. Barr-Melej This dissertation examines the struggle between Chile’s opposition press and the dictatorial regime of Augusto Pinochet Ugarte (1973-1990). It argues that due to Chile’s tradition of a pluralistic press and other factors, and in bids to strengthen the regime’s legitimacy, Pinochet and his top officials periodically demonstrated considerable flexibility in terms of the opposition media’s ability to publish and distribute its products. However, the regime, when sensing that its grip on power was slipping, reverted to repressive measures in its dealings with opposition-media outlets. Meanwhile, opposition journalists challenged the very legitimacy Pinochet sought and further widened the scope of acceptable opposition under difficult circumstances. Ultimately, such resistance contributed to Pinochet’s defeat in the 1988 plebiscite, initiating the return of democracy.
    [Show full text]
  • European Humanitarian Roundtables 2016 – North Participants
    European Humanitarian Roundtables 2016 – North 17 February 2016 - Gustavianum Akademigatan 3, Uppsala Participants & Speakers Bios Eija Alajarva Head of Humanitarian Assistance, Finn Church Aid Agnes Björn Head of the Disaster Risk Management Unit, Plan Sweden Ms Björn works with Plan International Sweden leading the Disaster Risk Management Unit, whiCh also includes emergency deployments as Emergency Response Manager for Plan International. Previously she held numerous positions with Swedish Red Cross, UN OCHA and Save the Children. Her specialties are: Humanitarian Affairs; Disaster Risk ReduCtion and Civil ProteCtion; Child Centered approaChes in emergenCy response; Transition between Relief and Development; Humanitarian Coordination; Religion and ConfliCt. Houria BounouCh Belgian Red Cross Peter Brune Senior Advisor, Individuell Människohjalp Mr Brune, born 1963 in Sweden, Senior Advisor at the organization IM – Swedish Development Partner, regional representative for the NordiC Countries at IANSA, the International ACtion Network on Small Arms and speCial advisor for APPPRO, the Afghan Public Policy ResearCh Organisation. He has also worked as SeCretary General for the Swedish Committee for Afghanistan and as SeCretary General for the European Network of NGO´s in Afghanistan. 2008-2010 he was the Senior Advisor to the UNDP/SICA program CASAC (Central AmeriCan Small Arms Control) and also one of the founders of the Parliamentary Forum on Small Arms. Peter Brune has been working with Swedish and international Civil soCiety organizations for many years, mainly in the realm of disarmament and international development cooperation. Nils Carstensen Senior Advisor, Local to Global Protection and DanChurch Aid Mr Carstensen is a writer, doCumentarist and a senior humanitarian advisor. He has worked with humanitarian crisis response in Sudan, South Sudan, Palestine (oPt), Syria, Myanmar, Haiti, the Balkans, Somalia, Ethiopia, Eritrea, North Korea and other major humanitarian Crises since the late 1980's.
    [Show full text]
  • Kessler, Judd.Docx
    The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project JUDD KESSLER Interviewed by: Charles Stuart Kennedy Initial interview date: May 19, 2010 Copyright 2015 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Born in Newark, New Jersey March 1938 Grandparents’ Generation – Eastern Europe, Latvia Parents Occupations Vibrant Neighborhood Education Oberlin College, Ohio President of Student Council Levels of Anti-Semitism Harvard Law Favorite Professor Henry Hart, Jr. Law Office Internship Army Reserve Sojourn to Europe Return to Law Office Joined Agency for International Development October 1966 East Asia Bureau Attorney Advisor Philippine cement plant negotiations Latin America Bureau Negotiating loan agreements Chile, Regional Legal Advisor Spring 1969 Spanish Language Training Also covered Argentina, Bolivia Allende Wins Election Loan Management Difference White House and Embassy/AID Approach View of Christian Democrats Nationalization Changes Kessler’s Focus Role of OPIC Insurance Ambassador Korry’s Cables on Allende 1 Negative Embassy Reporting Ambassador Korry Tries to Negotiate Nationalizations Ambassador Nathanial Davis Arrives at Post October 1971 Chilean Economic Problems, Political Tension Appointed Acting AID Director April 1973 Coup Overthrows Allende Sept 1973 Post-Coup search for Charles Horman Post-Coup Economic Policies Human Rights Circumstances Ambassador David Popper Arrives at Post Feb 1974 Stories of Allende’s Death Senator Kennedy’s Interest in A Nutritionist Supporting the Chicago Boys Undersecretary
    [Show full text]
  • The Beatles on Film
    Roland Reiter The Beatles on Film 2008-02-12 07-53-56 --- Projekt: transcript.titeleien / Dokument: FAX ID 02e7170758668448|(S. 1 ) T00_01 schmutztitel - 885.p 170758668456 Roland Reiter (Dr. phil.) works at the Center for the Study of the Americas at the University of Graz, Austria. His research interests include various social and aesthetic aspects of popular culture. 2008-02-12 07-53-56 --- Projekt: transcript.titeleien / Dokument: FAX ID 02e7170758668448|(S. 2 ) T00_02 seite 2 - 885.p 170758668496 Roland Reiter The Beatles on Film. Analysis of Movies, Documentaries, Spoofs and Cartoons 2008-02-12 07-53-56 --- Projekt: transcript.titeleien / Dokument: FAX ID 02e7170758668448|(S. 3 ) T00_03 titel - 885.p 170758668560 Gedruckt mit Unterstützung der Universität Graz, des Landes Steiermark und des Zentrums für Amerikastudien. Bibliographic information published by Die Deutsche Bibliothek Die Deutsche Bibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.ddb.de © 2008 transcript Verlag, Bielefeld This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 3.0 License. Layout by: Kordula Röckenhaus, Bielefeld Edited by: Roland Reiter Typeset by: Roland Reiter Printed by: Majuskel Medienproduktion GmbH, Wetzlar ISBN 978-3-89942-885-8 2008-12-11 13-18-49 --- Projekt: transcript.titeleien / Dokument: FAX ID 02a2196899938240|(S. 4 ) T00_04 impressum - 885.p 196899938248 CONTENTS Introduction 7 Beatles History – Part One: 1956-1964
    [Show full text]