Las Vigilias De Allende, Pinochet, Merino Y Ligh
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Latin American Perspectives
Latin American Perspectives http://lap.sagepub.com/ Representing Absences in the Postdictatorial Documentary Cinema of Patricio Guzmán Patrick Blaine Latin American Perspectives 2013 40: 114 originally published online 19 September 2012 DOI: 10.1177/0094582X12460486 The online version of this article can be found at: http://lap.sagepub.com/content/40/1/114 Published by: http://www.sagepublications.com On behalf of: Latin American Perspectives, Inc. Additional services and information for Latin American Perspectives can be found at: Email Alerts: http://lap.sagepub.com/cgi/alerts Subscriptions: http://lap.sagepub.com/subscriptions Reprints: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsReprints.nav Permissions: http://www.sagepub.com/journalsPermissions.nav >> Version of Record - Dec 6, 2012 OnlineFirst Version of Record - Sep 19, 2012 What is This? Downloaded from lap.sagepub.com at Queens University on August 19, 2013 460486LAPXXX10.1177/0094582X12460486Latin American PerspectivesBLAINE 2012 Representing Absences in the Postdictatorial Documentary Cinema of Patricio Guzmán by Patrick Blaine For nearly 40 years, Patricio Guzmán has explored the complex relationships between time, memory, and absence in postdictatorial Chile while infusing his documentaries with personal narrative and devices more commonly seen in literary fiction. His films have redefined the genre from the advent of the New Latin American Cinema through the 2010s and are characterized by marked subjectivity and the representation of absence in the postdictatorial context. His filmmaking, beginning in the early 1970s and ending with his latest film, Nostalgia de la luz (2010), constitutes the most complete attempt in any medium to document Chilean national life before, during, and after the Pinochet dictator- ship (1973–1990). -
The View from Havana: Chilean Exiles in Cuba and Early Resistance to Chile’S Dictatorship, 1973-1977
Tanya Harmer The view from Havana: Chilean exiles in Cuba and early resistance to Chile’s dictatorship, 1973-1977 Article (Accepted version) (Refereed) Original citation: Harmer, Tanya (2016) The view from Havana: Chilean exiles in Cuba and early resistance to Chile’s dictatorship, 1973-1977. Hispanic American Historical Review, 96 (1). pp. 109-146. ISSN 0018-2168 DOI: 10.1215/00182168-3423904 © 2016 Duke University Press This version available at: http://eprints.lse.ac.uk/65296/ Available in LSE Research Online: February 2016 LSE has developed LSE Research Online so that users may access research output of the School. Copyright © and Moral Rights for the papers on this site are retained by the individual authors and/or other copyright owners. Users may download and/or print one copy of any article(s) in LSE Research Online to facilitate their private study or for non-commercial research. You may not engage in further distribution of the material or use it for any profit-making activities or any commercial gain. You may freely distribute the URL (http://eprints.lse.ac.uk) of the LSE Research Online website. This document is the author’s final accepted version of the journal article. There may be differences between this version and the published version. You are advised to consult the publisher’s version if you wish to cite from it. The view from Havana: Chilean Exiles in Cuba and Early Resistance to Chile’s Dictatorship, 1973-1977 Two days after the Chilean military coup on 11 September 1973, the first left-wing Chilean exiles reached Cuba. -
Power, Coercion, Legitimacy and the Press in Pinochet's Chile a Dissertation Presented to the Faculty Of
Writing the Opposition: Power, Coercion, Legitimacy and the Press in Pinochet's Chile A dissertation presented to the faculty of the College of Arts and Sciences of Ohio University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree Doctor of Philosophy Brad T. Eidahl December 2017 © 2017 Brad T. Eidahl. All Rights Reserved. 2 This dissertation titled Writing the Opposition: Power, Coercion, Legitimacy and the Press in Pinochet's Chile by BRAD T. EIDAHL has been approved for the Department of History and the College of Arts and Sciences by Patrick M. Barr-Melej Professor of History Robert Frank Dean, College of Arts and Sciences 3 ABSTRACT EIDAHL, BRAD T., Ph.D., December 2017, History Writing the Opposition: Power, Coercion, Legitimacy and the Press in Pinochet's Chile Director of Dissertation: Patrick M. Barr-Melej This dissertation examines the struggle between Chile’s opposition press and the dictatorial regime of Augusto Pinochet Ugarte (1973-1990). It argues that due to Chile’s tradition of a pluralistic press and other factors, and in bids to strengthen the regime’s legitimacy, Pinochet and his top officials periodically demonstrated considerable flexibility in terms of the opposition media’s ability to publish and distribute its products. However, the regime, when sensing that its grip on power was slipping, reverted to repressive measures in its dealings with opposition-media outlets. Meanwhile, opposition journalists challenged the very legitimacy Pinochet sought and further widened the scope of acceptable opposition under difficult circumstances. Ultimately, such resistance contributed to Pinochet’s defeat in the 1988 plebiscite, initiating the return of democracy. -
Kessler, Judd.Docx
The Association for Diplomatic Studies and Training Foreign Affairs Oral History Project JUDD KESSLER Interviewed by: Charles Stuart Kennedy Initial interview date: May 19, 2010 Copyright 2015 ADST TABLE OF CONTENTS Background Born in Newark, New Jersey March 1938 Grandparents’ Generation – Eastern Europe, Latvia Parents Occupations Vibrant Neighborhood Education Oberlin College, Ohio President of Student Council Levels of Anti-Semitism Harvard Law Favorite Professor Henry Hart, Jr. Law Office Internship Army Reserve Sojourn to Europe Return to Law Office Joined Agency for International Development October 1966 East Asia Bureau Attorney Advisor Philippine cement plant negotiations Latin America Bureau Negotiating loan agreements Chile, Regional Legal Advisor Spring 1969 Spanish Language Training Also covered Argentina, Bolivia Allende Wins Election Loan Management Difference White House and Embassy/AID Approach View of Christian Democrats Nationalization Changes Kessler’s Focus Role of OPIC Insurance Ambassador Korry’s Cables on Allende 1 Negative Embassy Reporting Ambassador Korry Tries to Negotiate Nationalizations Ambassador Nathanial Davis Arrives at Post October 1971 Chilean Economic Problems, Political Tension Appointed Acting AID Director April 1973 Coup Overthrows Allende Sept 1973 Post-Coup search for Charles Horman Post-Coup Economic Policies Human Rights Circumstances Ambassador David Popper Arrives at Post Feb 1974 Stories of Allende’s Death Senator Kennedy’s Interest in A Nutritionist Supporting the Chicago Boys Undersecretary -
The Rules of the Game: Allende's Chile, the United States and Cuba, 1970-1973
The Rules of the Game: Allende’s Chile, the United States and Cuba, 1970-1973. Tanya Harmer London School of Economics and Political Science February 2008 Thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of PhD in International History, Department of international History, LSE. Word Count (excluding bibliography): 99,984. 1 UMI Number: U506B05 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Dissertation Publishing UMI U506305 Published by ProQuest LLC 2014. Copyright in the Dissertation held by the Author. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 Ti4es^ 5 F m Library British Litiwy o* Pivam* and Economic Sc«kk* li 3 5 \ q g Abstract This thesis is an international history of Chile and inter-American relations during the presidency of Salvador Allende. On the one hand, it investigates the impact external actors and international affairs had on Chilean politics up to and immediately following the brutal coup d’etat that overthrew Allende on 11 September 1973. On the other hand, it explores how the rise and fall of Allende’s peaceful democratic road to socialism affected the Cold War in Latin America and international affairs beyond. -
The Crisis of the Chilean Socialist Party (Psch) in 1979
UNIVERSITY OF LONDON 1 1 INSTITUTE OF LATIN AMERICAN STUDIES WORKING PAPERS The Crisis of the Chilean Socialist Party (PSCh) in 1979 Carmelo Furci The Crisis of the Chilean Socialist Party (PSCh) in 1979 Carmelo Furci Honorary Research Fellow Institute of Latin American Studies, London University of London Institute of Latin American Studies 31 Tavistock Square, London WC1H 9HA Editorial Committee Dr. George Philip Dr. Leslie Bethell Miss Daphne Rodger ISBN 0 901145 56 4 ISSN 0142-1875 THE CRISIS OF THE CHILEAN SOCIALIST PARTY (PSCh) IN 1979* Introduction After Chile's military coup of September 1973, the Partido Socialista de Chile (PSCh) almost disintegrated; and the disputes of the various underground centres that emerged after the coup did not help to restore the credibility of the party. By 1979, through a series of splits, expulsions, and disagreements between the organisation underground in Chile and the segment of the party in exile, the PSCh went through the most serious crisis of its history, which had already been dominated by many divisions and disagreements over its political strategy. From 1979 to the present, the existence of a variety of Socialist 'parties', with only one having a solid underground apparatus in Chile — the PSCh led by Clodomiro Almeyda, former Foreign Secretary of Allende — prevented a more successful and effective unity of the Chilean left, and thus a more credible political alternative of power to the military regime of General Pinochet. This paper will focus on the process that took the PSCh to its deepest crisis, in 1979, attempting a reconstruction of the schisms and disputes in organisational as well as political terms and an explanation of the reasons behind them. -
A Tale of Two Chileans: Pinochet and Allende By
A Tale of Two Chileans: Pinochet and Allende by Robin Harris Published by Chilean Supporters Abroad Chilean Supporters Abroad is a group of people in Britain and elsewhere who have come together to raise the funds for this paper by Robin Harris which has been sent to opinion- formers in Britain and abroad.. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author. If you would like to receive additional copies, please write enclosing a cheque for £9.99, made out to Chilean Supporters Abroad, to: Chilean Supporters Abroad Box Number 50 235 Earls Court Road London SW5 9FE A Tale of Two Chileans: Pinochet and Allende by Robin Harris Contents Introduction Chapter One The Gathering Storm Chapter Two Allende’s Programme - "Total, Scientific, Marxist Socialism" Chapter Three The Attack on the Constitution Chapter Four The Problem of Resistance Chapter Five Background to the Marxist "Self-Coup" Chapter Six The Battle for Chile Chapter Seven Pinochet’s Achievement Appendices: Appendix A: Violent Deaths under Allende (Reproduced from pp 81-84, The White Book of the Change of Government in Chile, 11 September 1973. Printed by Empresa Editora Nacional “Gabriela Mistral”.) Appendix B: "Plan Z” (Reproduced from pp 56-63, The White Book of the Change of Government in Chile, 11 September 1973. Printed by Empresa Editora Nacional “Gabriela Mistral”.) Published by Chilean Supporters Abroad "The military saved Chile....!" The following is an extract from an interview with the Spanish newspaper ABC, published on 10 October 1973, given by the former Chilean President, Eduardo Frei. He was commenting on the widespread misrepresentation and misunderstanding of the situation in Chile under Allende, and explaining why the military took power: "People cannot imagine in Europe how ruined [Chile under Allende] was. -
Salvador Allende (1908-1973) Dieter Nohlen
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Institutional Repository of the Ibero-American Institute, Berlin Salvador Allende (1908-1973) Dieter Nohlen Salvador Allende Persönliche Daten 26.06.1908 Salvador Allende Gossens in Valparaiso geboren. 1926-1932 Studium der Medizin an der Universidad de Chile in Santiago. 1929 Beitritt zur Freimaurerloge. 1933 Gründung der Sozialistischen Partei Chiles (PS); Allende Par- teisekretär für die Region Valparaiso. 1937 Wahl zum Abgeordneten. 1938 Gesundheitsminister der Volksfrontregierung unter Pedro Agu- irre Cerda. 1940 Heirat mit Hortensia Bussi. 1941/42 Geburt der Töchter Carmen Paz und Beatriz. 1943 Wahl zum Generalsekretär der PS. 1945 Geburt der Tochter Isabel. Wahl zum Senator. 1952 Kandidatur zur Präsidentschaft für die Volksfront (Frente del Pueblo), erreicht 5,5 % der Stimmen. 1954 Wahl zum stellvertretenden Senatspräsidenten. 1958 Kandidatur zur Präsidentschaft für die Volksfront (FRAP, Frente de Acción Popular), erreicht 26,9% der Stimmen. 1959 Kubareise, Begegnung mit Fidel Castro und “Che” Guevara. 1964 Kandidatur zur Präsidentschaft für die Volksfront (FRAP), erreicht 38,9 % der Stimmen, unterliegt Eduardo Frei Montal- va. 1966 Wahl zum Senatspräsidenten. 04.09.1970 Allende erringt als Kandidat der Volkseinheit (UP, Unidad Popular) mit 36,6% der Stimmen die relative Mehrheit der Stimmen. 24.10.1970 Allende wird im zweiten Wahlgang durch den Kongress mit den Stimmen der Christdemokraten zum Präsidenten ge- wählt. Jan. 1971 Die Sozialistische Partei Allendes wählt den Anführer des radikalen Flügels, Carlos Altamirano, zum Generalsekretär. 344 Dieter Nohlen 1971 Nationalisierungen und Verstaatlichungen, gewalttätige Re- formen auf dem Lande, Beginn frontaler Opposition des Par- laments, wirtschaftlicher Aufschwung. -
The Convergence of Past and Present Revolutionary His & Herstories in Subcomandante Marcos—La Verdadera Leyenda1 (1995)2 E
Vol. 18, Num. 3 (Spring 2021): 125-160 The Convergence of Past and Present Revolutionary His & Herstories in Subcomandante Marcos—La verdadera leyenda1 (1995)2 Emily Elizabeth Frankel University of California—Davis In May of 2017, renewed interest in the Zapatista movement took hold in Mexico when Nahua healer3 and practitioner María Jesús de Patricio—also known as Marichuy—was nominated to run as the Presidential Candidate and spokeswoman for the Congreso Nacional Indígena (CNI), a coalition of Mexican indigenous groups backed by El Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional (EZLN).4 Although men have almost always been upheld as the leading protagonists of revolutionary change in Mexico, in 2017 1 The title of the documentary in French is: Le Veridique Legende de Sous Comandante Marcos. 2 This article does not analyze the figure of Brisac, since she does not appear on screen at any point in time in this film. Like Castillo, Brisac is a filmmaker. 3 Marichuy founded the Calli Tecolhuacateca Tochan Clinic in 1992, a clinic dedicated to traditional indigenous healing in her hometown of Tuxpan in Jalisco, Mexico. 4 The eight Zapatista Principles and Practices are listed as the following: “1.) Mandar obedeciendo, 2.) Proponer y No Imponer, 3.) Representar y No Suplantar, 4.) Antipoder Contra Poder, 5.) Convencer y No Vencer, 6.) Todo Para Todos, Nada para Nosotros, 7.) Construir y No Destruir, 8.) Queremos un Mundo donde Quepan muchos Mundos”. The Zapatista principles challenge the Western world’s notion of power by redefining the way in which power should operate among communities/collectives. In this way, the Zapatistas’ philosophy serves as an example of a democratic state for Mexico and for other countries around the globe. -
Dictatorship, Democracy and Political Change in Chilean Left
RENOVATION IN THE REVOLUTION? DICTATORSHIP, DEMOCRACY, AND POLITICAL CHANGE IN THE CHILEAN LEFT Kenneth Roberts Working Paper 203 - March 1994 Kenneth Roberts is an Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of New Mexico and a former Visiting Fellow at the Kellogg Institute. His research focuses on the dynamics of political and economic democratization in Latin America. The author would like to thank FLACSO-Chile and the Kellogg Institute for International Studies for the generous support they provided for this research. He is also grateful to Karen L. Remmer, Richard Fagen, Terry Lynn Karl, Philippe C. Schmitter, and two anonymous reviewers from the Kellogg Institute for helpful comments on earlier drafts of this work. ABSTRACT This paper provides an analysis of political learning and change in the Chilean Socialist and Communist parties since the overthrow of Salvador Allende in 1973. It argues that ‘prodemocratic’ patterns of political learning identified by other researchers are not an inevitable outcome of authoritarian experiences. Instead, they are contingent upon the interaction of several organizational and strategic factors. A ‘most similar systems’ comparison suggests that the flexible organizational structure and relative autonomy of the Socialist Party facilitated ideological and strategic ‘renovation’ under authoritarian rule, whereas the organizational rigidity and dependence of the Communist Party combined with its environmental constraints to produce a process of radicalization. These divergent patterns of change caused the two parties to reverse their respective positions within the Chilean party system, with important implications for Chile’s democratic transition. RESUMEN Ell presente trabajo analiza el proceso de cambio y aprendizaje políticos ocurrido desde la caída de Salvador Allende en 1973 en los partidos socialista y comunista chilenos. -
Altamirano ¿Termocéfalo O Mutante? Maura Brescia De: "El Periodista" N° 43 8 Páginas ______
Altamirano ¿termocéfalo o mutante? Maura Brescia De: "El Periodista" N° 43 8 páginas ________________________ El ex senador y ex secretario general del PS, Carlos Altamirano, apodado "bestia negra" y "mayoneso" por la derecha, aparece como la figura simbólica de la apología revolucionaria de la violencia en el Chile de hace tres décadas. Sin embargo, un análisis más sutil de los sucesos que desencadenaron el golpe militar deja al descubierto una serie de dudas e interrogantes acerca del verdadero papel que cumplió Altamirano en esa trágica jornada de la historia nacional. Y pone en el tapete una serie de hechos prácticamente desconocidos para la mayoría de los chilenos de hoy. Los antagonismos entre Salvador Allende y Carlos Altamirano provenían de larga data. En 1952, el PS decide proclamar al general Carlos Ibáñez del Campo y los comunistas a Salvador Allende, quien abandonó el PS y fue candidato del PC. Altamirano quedó en el Partido Socialista Popular, que proclama a Ibáñez. En definitiva triunfaron: Felipe Herrera fue ministro de Hacienda, Clodomiro Almeyda de Trabajo y Altamirano, subsecretario de Hacienda. No sólo eso. Altamirano fue el artífice del acercamiento entre Ibáñez del Campo y Eduardo Frei Montalva. "Le propuse a Ibáñez que dada la situación de confrontaciones que se vivía, se designara un gabinete de unidad nacional con Frei Montalva a la cabeza. En forma clandestina, nos dirigimos con Frei al palacio en Viña. Frei no era muy partidario de Ibáñez, igual que Salvador Allende. Sin embargo, se hizo esta conexión y se armó un equipo ministerial en que asumiría gente de distintas posiciones". -
Scholarship on the Popular Unity in Chile Since 2000. Are Historians Lagging Behind?
Radical Americas Special issue: Chile’s Popular Unity at 50 Article Scholarship on the Popular Unity in Chile since 2000. Are historians lagging behind? José Del Pozo Artigas 1,*, Danny Monsálvez Araneda 2,* and Mario Valdés Urrutia 2,* 1 Associate Professor, Department of History, University of Québec at Montréal (UQAM), Montréal, QC, Canada 2 Associate Professor, Department of History, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile * Correspondence: [email protected] (J.D.P.A.); [email protected] (D.M.A.); [email protected] (M.V.U.) How to Cite: Del Pozo Artigas, J., Monsálvez Araneda, D., Valdés Urrutia, M. ‘Scholarship on the Popular Unity in Chile since 2000. Are historians lagging behind?’. Radical Americas 6, 1 (2021): 8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.ra.2021.v6.1.008. Submission date: 16 September 2020; Acceptance date: 11 March 2021; Publication date: 1 June 2021 Peer review: This article has been peer-reviewed through the journal’s standard double-blind peer review, where both the reviewers and authors are anonymised during review. Copyright: c 2021, José Del Pozo Artigas, Danny Monsálvez Araneda and Mario Valdés Urrutia. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licence (CC BY) 4.0 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited • DOI: https://doi.org/10.14324/111.444.ra.2021.v6.1.008. Open access: Radical Americas is a peer-reviewed open-access journal. Abstract This article examines the questioning indicated by some historians at the beginning of the twenty-first century regarding that they would be in debt to the study of the Allende government and the Popular Unity (UP) in Chile (1970–3).