Missinaibi Lake Area

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Ontario Geological Survey

Northern Ontario Engineering Geology Terrain Study 74

MISSINAIBI LAKE AREA

(NTS 42B/SW) Districts of Algoma and Sudbury

Hulbert A. Lee and S.A. Scott

1980

Ministry of Ministry of Natural Northern Resources Affairs Ontario Hon. James A.C. Auld Hon. Leo Bernier Minister Minister Dr. J. K. Reynolds Art Herridge Deputy Minister Deputy Minister OMNR-OGS 1980 Printed in Canada

THIS PROJECT WAS FUNDED BY THE ONTARIO MINISTRY OF NORTHERN AFFAIRS AND IS MANAGED BY THE ONTARIO MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES

Every possible effort is made to ensure the accuracy of the information contain ed in this report, but the Ministry of Natural Resources does not assume any liability for errors that may occur. Source references are included in the report and users may wish to verify critical information.

Publications of the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and price list are available through the Map Unit, Public Service Centre, Room 6404, Whitney Block, Queen©s Park, Toronto, and the Ontario Government Bookstore, 880 Bay Street, Toronto.

Orders for publications should be accompanied by cheque or money order payable to the Treasurer of Ontario.

ISSN 0709-4671 ISBN 0-7743-4350-8

Parts of this publication may be quoted if credit is given. It is recommended that reference to this report be made in the following form:

Lee, Hulbert A, and Scott, S.A. 1980: Missinaibi Lake Area (NTS 42B/SW), Districts of Algoma and Sud bury; Ontario Geological Survey, Northern Ontario Engineering Geology Terrain Study 74, 12 p. Accompanied by Map 5101, scale 1:100000.

1200-80-HofC CONTENTS

Page 1.0 Introduction ...... l 2.0 Geological Setting ...... 2 2.1 Bedrock ...... 2 2.2 Surficial ...... 3 3.0 Description of Engineering Terrain Units ...... 4 3.1 Bedrock ...... 4 3.2 Glaciofluvial ...... 5 3.3 Morainal ...... 6 3.4 Glaciolacustrine ...... 6 3.5 Organic ...... 7 4.0 Observation Notes ...... 7 5.0 Engineering and Resource Significance ...... 8 5.1 Bedrock Terrain ...... 9 5.2 Glaciofluvial Terrain ...... 10 5.3 Glaciolacustrine Terrain ...... 10 5.4 Organic Terrain ...... 10 6.0 References ...... 10

MAP (accompanying report)

Map 5101 (coloured) - Northern Ontario Engineering Geology Terrain Study, Data Base Map, Missinaibi Lake (NTS 42B/SW). Scale 1:100000.

Northern Ontario Engineering Geology Terrain Study 74

MISSINAIBI LAKE AREA

(NTS 42B/SW)

Districts of Algoma and Sudbury

Hulbert A. Lee1 and S.A. Scott2

1.0 INTRODUCTION

This report accompanies a Data Base Map (OGS Map 5101) which characterizes the terrain in the Missinaibi Lake area, Districts of Algoma and Sudbury by means of letter symbols that relate directly to reconnais sance engineering conditions. The area, which covers NTS block 42B/SW, lies between Latitudes 48WN and 48030©N and Longitudes 83WW and 84000©W. The report is one of a series which provides uniform terrain data for approximately 370 000 km2 of northern Ontario.

The purpose of the mapping is to provide complete data coverage which can then be utilized for engineering and resource planning. The explana tory notes in this report are intended to expand on characteristics of the terrain units that are specific to the Missinaibi Lake map-area, and to describe the engineering significance of the units.

Consulting Geologist and Engineer, Lee Geo-Indicators Limited, Stittsville, Ontario.

2Project Geologist, Lee Geo-Indicators Limited, Stittsville, Ontario.

Manuscript approved for publication by the Chief, Engineering and Terrain Geology Section, August 28, 1979. This report is published with the permission of E.G. Pye, Director, Ontario Geological Survey. The primary method of mapping was airphoto interpretation, using existing black and white photographs at a scale of approximately 1:50000. Prior to interpretation, both a literature search and ground reconnaissance were carried out. Preliminary data thus obtained, includ ing geology, outcrop distribution, and relief, were plotted on a copy of the base map. A quick overview of the map-area was gained from both colour and black-and-white satellite imagery. Ground reconnaissance consisted of travelling through all accessible areas by road and rail, making terrain observations, sampling soil materials, and taking photo graphs. Thus the map represents a reconnaissance level presentation of engineering conditions.

An engineering terrain legend was developed to facilitate the mapping and to provide a common information base for the entire map series. This legend is shown on the accompanying Data Base Map. The letter symbols function as a shorthand, describing surface materials, genetic landforms, topography, and drainage. Further information on the map ping techniques, legend format, and possible uses of the terrain data is available in the "Ontario Engineering Geology Terrain Study Users© Manual" (Gartner, Mollard, and Roed 1980), a companion publication to this series of maps and reports.

2.0 GEOLOGICAL SETTING

The Missinaibi Lake map-area is mainly an upland environment. Eleva tions (above mean sea level) range from 325 m in the north to 430 m in the south, with some hills rising to 530 m. The area is drained northward by the Chapleau, Makonie, and Missinaibi Rivers and their tributaries. The lakes, here an integral part of the drainage system, show a strong north-northeasterly trend.

2.1 BEDROCK

The rocks underlying the Missinaibi Lake map-area are all Early Pre cambrian in age, with the exception of a Late Precambrian intrusive body in the southeast corner. For engineering purposes, they can be considered as solid and firm. The rocks have been mapped by broad helicopter reconnaissance methods (Thurston, Siragusa, and Sage 1971, 1977), with parts of the area having been studied in more detail by Burwash (1937), Bruce (1944), Parsons (1961), Ferguson (1968), Riley (1971), and Bennett (1972, 1978).

Most of the area is underlain by complex felsic intrusive rocks which have penetrated metasediments and other metamorphic rocks to produce migmatites and gneisses. These form hills as rock knobs of considerable relief, greater than 15m and commonly greater than 60 m; the slopes are generally steep. Some of the metasediments such as those in south western Lipsett Township and southeastern Brutus Township, weather low and flat, forming rock plains with undulating surfaces.

A belt of metavolcanics (©greenstones©) is found in the northwestern part of the area, occupying parts of Rennie, Leeson, Stover, Brockin, Marsh, and Lang Townships. These metavolcanics form rock ridges of moderate relief and with "cliffed" edges.

The carbonatite-syenite plug on the east shore of Nemegosenda Lake in the southeast corner of the map-area forms rock knobs of intermediate relief. The Kapuskasing metamorphic complex passes through the adjoin ing map-area to the east and may underlie the eastern edge of Bonar Township and the northern half of Copperfield Township.

2.2 SURFICIAL

Data on surficial geology is contained on a reconnaissance map compiled by Boissoneau (1965), but to date there has been no systematic detailed study of the map-area.

A north-northeastward withdrawal of ice-margins during Wisconsinan time left behind a swarm of glaciofluvial esker and outwash systems, located mainly in the eastern two-thirds of the map-area. This ice-margin withdrawal shifted to a more northeasterly direction in the northwestern portion of the area. Ice flow behind these margins laid down bouldery, sandy till and occasionally produced drumlins and other ice-flow fea tures. Most of this map-area is above the level of former Glacial Lake Barlow-Ojibway. There are, however, a few local ice-marginal ponds which have produced silty sand lake plains along the esker passing through Sadler and Pattinson Townships, and some lake plain silt along the Missinaibi River at the northern edge of the map-area. Organic terrain, consisting mainly of sphagnum peat, has developed since deglaciation in confined bogs within the poorly-drained areas.

3.0 DESCRIPTION OF ENGINEERING TERRAIN UNITS

The terrain units described below are arranged by landform in descending order of areal importance within the Missinaibi Lake map-area. A repre sentative selection of terrain unit symbols is given for each landform, each with accompanying explanation. This treatment is meant to fami liarize the reader with the meaning of the legend symbols and allow more effective use of the Data Base Map (OGS Map 5101, accompanying this report). A discussion of the engineering significance of the various terrain units is given in Section 5.0.

3.1 BEDROCK

RN(tbsMG) RN(tMG) Rock knobs (RN) are the dominant en- Hjn-D Hjs-D gineering factor in this type of bedrock terrain, which covers most of the map- RN(tMG) area. The rock is generally within l m of Msj-D the surface. Ground moraine (MG), con sisting of bouldery sandy till (tbs), is found among rock knobs and as a thin veneer. The local relief is generally greater than 60 m (H) or occasionally between 15 and 60 m (M). The land surface has steep slopes (s), is rugged O©) or knobby (n), and is dry (D).

tMG/RN tMG/RN Rock knobs (RN) are the dominant en- Mu-D Msn-D gineering factor in this bedrock terrain type, which is scattered throughout the tMG/RN map-area. Ground moraine till (tMG) forms Hsu-D a fairly continuous capping l to 3 m thick. The local relief is moderate (M) or high (H). The land surface on this terrain unit varies across the map-area; it may be undulating (u) with steep slopes (s) or knobby (n). Surface drainage conditions are generally dry (D). RR(tMG) Rock ridges (RR), composed of elongated Mj*-D hills and associated with some thickening of ground moraine till (tMG), characterize the terrain in parts of Brackin, Leeson, and Stover Townships. The local relief is 15 to 60 m (M) and the rocks have numerous low cliffs (j*). Surface drainage conditions are dry (D).

RP(tsMG) Rock plain (RP), with scattered low out Lu-D crops or a flat bedrock surface barely covered by debris and with minor sandy till ground moraine, characterizes some of the bedrock terrain in Sadler and Floranna Townships.

3.2 GLACIOFLUVIAL

gsGE(RN) sgGE(RN) An esker complex (GE) consisting of gravel Mpk-D Mrk-D and sand (gs) or sand and gravel (sg), characterizes the glaciofluvial terrain in the sgGE(RN) (pOT) northwest corner of the map-area. The Mu-D gravel and sand occurs over and around bedrock knobs (RN). Local relief is about 15 to 60 m (M). The land surface can be planar (p) with kettle holes (k), ridged (r), or undulating (u). Surface drainage condi tions are dry (D).

sGQ(RN) sGO(RN) Outwash (GO), consisting mainly of sand Mu-D Lu-D (s) or occasionally sand and gravel (sg), is a common feature of the terrain along the sGO(RN) sgGE(pOT) southern edge of the map-area. This out Lp-D Ldp-D(W) wash is often associated with an esker. Local relief is generally less than 5 m (L), but can be 15 to 60 m (M). The land surface is undulating (u) or planar (p), and locally dissected (d). Surface drainage conditions are dry (D). tMG/sgGE tMG/sgGE An esker complex (GE), composed of sand Mk-D Lk-D and gravel (sg), with a local thin capping of ground moraine till (tMG), passes through tMG/sgGE eastern Lloyd Township. Local relief is Mnk-D 15 to 60 m (M) and, in places, less than 15 m (L). The land surface is kettled (k), hummocky (n), and dry (D).

3.3 MORAINAL

tMG(RN) tMG(RN) Ground moraine (MG), composed of till (t) Hjs-D Hs-D forms a cover a few metres thick in Rams den and Mageau Townships. In places, the till is absent and rock knobs (RN) are exposed.

tsMG(pOT) Ground moraine (MG), consisting of sandy Mu-D(W) till (ts) or locally very bouldery sandy till (tbs), characterizes the morainal terrain in tbsMG(pOT) (RN) Copperfield Township. There are scattered Mu-D(W) (D) bogs, (pOT) and, occasionally, a few pro truding rock knobs (RN). Local relief is about 15 to 60 m (M) and the land surface is undulating (u). Drainage conditions are dry (D) on the ground moraine and rock knobs and wet (W) on the organic terrain.

3.4 GLACIOLACUSTRINE

smLP(RN) Lake plain sand and silt deposits (smLP), Lud-D with a few scattered rock knobs (RN), characterize the glaciolacustrine terrain in the southeastern part of the map-area. The local relief is less than 15 m (L), the land surface is undulating (u) and dissected (d), and surface drainage conditions are dry (D).

mLP(RN) (pOT) mLP Lake plain silt deposits (mLP) characterize Ldc-M Md-D the glaciolacustrine terrain at the northern edge of the map-area. There are some inter spersed rock knobs (RN) and local con fined bogs (pOT). Relief is less than 15 m (L) or 15 to 60 m (M). The land surface is dissected and (d), locally channelled (c), and drainage is mixed (M).

3.5 ORGANIC

pOT Organic terrain composed mainly of sphag- Lp-W num peat (pOT) characterizes most of organic terrain in the map-area. Relief is low (L), the land surface is planar (p), and surface drainage conditions are dry (D).

4.0 OBSERVATION NOTES

The following brief notes refer to sites in the Missinaibi Lake map-area at which ground observations were made. The corresponding numbered locations can be found on the Data Base Map.

Observa tion Site Description

1 Outwash sand; terrain is low, undulating and dry

2 Outwash sand; a dry plain

3 Bouldery gravel outwash over rock knobs; terrain has medium relief, is undulating, and dry

4 Pit in esker; 10 m gravel face

5 Gravel pit in esker; bounded on west side by fault scarp and rock knobs

6 Outwash sand; low, undulatng and dry

7 Pit in ground moraine; over l m of bouldery, silty, sandy till; terrain has medium relief, undulating surface, and mixed drainage 8 Pit in esker node exposes crushable gravel

9 Pit in esker node exposes crushable gravel; road crossing esker ridges has both vertical and horizontal alignments

10 Exposure of bouldery gravelly till ground moraine; terrain has medium relief; the land surface is deeply dissected and dry

11 Pit with crushable gravel

12 Pit with 2 m face of sandy gravel outwash; terrain has medium relief; land surface is rolling and dry

13 Esker complex of cobbly gravel and sand over and around rock knobs; local relief is moderate; land surface is kettled and dry; surface and internal drainage good; high permeability

14 Depth of soil is 15 m (determined from l borehole). Drill log: medium sand; fine sand and silt; ©granite©; some ©greenstone© (Ontario Water Resources Commission 1972)

15 Depth of soil is 4 m (determined from l borehole). Drill log: ©clay© over ©red rock© (Ontario Water Resources Commission, 1972)

16 Sandy till ground moraine; sparse cobbles; resistance to hand penetrometer is 2070 kPa (300 psi); water table is low; surface and internal drainage are good; workability is good; size analysis on a sample tested by the Geoscience Laboratories, Ontario Geological Survey gives clay 096, silt 3496, sand 5496

17 l to 2 m of sandy till over rock

5.0 ENGINEERING AND RESOURCE SIGNIFICANCE

Missinaibi Lake and Chapleau-Nemegosenda Wild River Provincial Parks form wildlife and recreational reserves in the area. Mineral resources, which provide the main economic potential, are at present mainly restricted to the metavolcanics in Rennie, Leeson, Stover, Brackin, and Lang Townships. In addition to a large number of gold and copper shov/ings in these townships, one gold mine, the Renabie, was in operation for a period in the past; at the time this report was written, financial negotiations were underway in hopes of renewing production. The Townships of Collins and Chewett, underlain by alkaline intrusive rocks and carbonatite, have occurrences of rare earth minerals, phos phate, and uranium; this locality has definite potential for ore deposits, and has undergone some exploration.

Distribution of gravel and sand aggregate is widespread in the map-area; however, the depth of most deposits is not great, owing to the close proximity of bedrock to the surface. Therefore, the tonnage of individual deposits will not be high.

Areas suitable for forest management are limited, and restricted to the glaciofluvial, glaciolacustrine, and morainal terrain. Even in these areas, slopes are often steep and units of mixed outcrops are common.

5.1 BEDROCK TERRAIN

Approximately two-thirds of Missinaibi Lake map-area has bedrock at or near the surface, a factor which affects most types of construction. Only a few of the areas of bedrock terrain have low relief. Most of the bedrock is of medium and high relief, occasionally with an undulating surface, but usually with steep slopes and, in places, rugged and jagged surfaces. These areas will present the following difficulties for engineering and resource management:

1. blasting required for most types of below-ground excavations; 2. site-regrading due to steep slopes; 3. cut-and-fill operations, requiring blasting of bedrock for major trans portation routes or the acceptance of considerable vertical and horizontal alignments; 4. lack of good and reliable sources of ground water, unless aquifer fractures are intersected in drilling; and 5. difficult environments for disposal of solid and toxic wastes. JO

5.2 GLACIOFLUVIAL TERRAIN

Many of the esker complexes have moderate relief and are sinuous in form, thus necessitating cut-and-fill operations to overcome the problems of gradients on steep slopes. Horizontal route alignments will be neces sary around numerous small lakes, and considerable fill will be required for crossing deeper kettle holes. Much of the gravel in the glaciofluvial terrain is rounded and devoid of fine material, so that it has a tendency to wash out when used on steep embankments. The ground water table, as indicated by the level of water in kettle holes, is commonly low, resulting in a dry land surface. Septic tank installation will require some grading. Liquid waste disposal will cause pollution problems because of the permeable nature of the glaciofluvial materials.

Outwash terrain has low to moderate relief, and both trafficability and road construction involve fewer problems of alignment and cut-and-fill than in esker terrain. The water table is not as deep as in the high esker complexes, and there is normally a good supply of ground water. In the coarser soils of the outwash terrain, there is a hazard of pollution from septic and liquid waste disposal systems. The bearing strength is good on both esker and outwash materials, and excavation and workability of these soils is good.

5.3 GLACIOLACUSTRINE TERRAIN

Much of the glaciolacustrine terrain is composed of silt and fine sand, and wherever the land is elevated, erosion by dissection is extensive. This fine-grained soil reacts unfavourably to frost action, a factor which must be taken into account in the design of footings, small slabs, and roadways.

5.4 ORGANIC TERRAIN

Drainage, flooding, and settlement problems associated with the organic terrain units makes them generally unsuitable for roads and foundations.

6.0 REFERENCES

Bennett, Gerald 1978: Geology of the Crooked Lake Area, District of Sudbury; 11 Ontario Geological Survey, Report 172, 46 p. Accompanied by Maps 2380 and 2381, scale l :31 680 or l inch to M. mile.

Bennett, G., Dupuis, C.P., Elmhirst, F., and Andrews, M.D. 1972: Brackin Township, District of Sudbury; Ontario Division of Mines, Preliminary Map P.791, Geological Series, scale l inch to V* mile. Geology 1972.

Boissoneau, A.N. 1965: Surficial Geology, Algoma-Cochrane; Ontario Department of Lands and Forests, Map S365, scale l :506 880 or l inch to 8 miles. Surficial geology 1962, 1963.

Bruce, E.L. 1944: Geology of the Rennie-Leeson Area; Ontario Department of Mines, Vol. 51, Pt. 8 (1942), p. 1-26. Accompanied by Map 51 g, scale l :31 680 or l inch to # mile.

Burwash, E.M. 1937: Geology of the Lochalsh Missinaibi Area; Ontario Department of Mines, Vol. 44, Pt. 8 (1937), p. 27-38. Accompanied by Map 44c, scale 1:95 040 or l inch to 1V^ miles.

Ferguson, S.A. 1968: Renabie Mines Limited, Nudulama Mines Limited, and Ad joining Properties, Surface Geology, Parts of Rennie, Leeson, and Brackin Townships, District of Sudbury; Ontario Depart ment of Mines, Preliminary Map P.492, Geological Series, scale l inch to 500 feet. Geology and compilation 1966, 1967.

Gartner, John F., Mollard, J.D., and Roed, M.A. 1980: Ontario Engineering Geology Terrain Study Users© Manual; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 5288, 99 p.

Ontario Water Resources Commission 1972: Water Well Records for Ontario, Northern Area, 1946-1969; Ontario Water Resources Commission, Water Resources Bulletin 2-9, Ground Water Series. 12 Parsons, G.E. 1961: Nemegosenda Lake Area, District of Sudbury; Ontario Depart ment of Mines Map 2007, scale 1:15 840 or l inch to V* mile. Accompanies Ontario Department of Mines Geological Report 3.

Riley, R.A. 1967: Rennie Township, District of Sudbury; Ontario Department of Mines, Preliminary Map P.404, Geological series, scale l inch to V* mile. Geology 1966. 1971: Geology of Glasgow, Meath, and Rennie Townships, Districts of Algoma and Sudbury, Ontario Department of Mines, Geo logical Report 90, 55 p. Accompanied by Map 2210, scale l :31 680 or l inch to # mile.

Thurston, P.C., Siragusa, G.M., and Sage, R.P. 1971: Operation Chapleau, Missinaibi Lake Sheet, Districts of Algoma and Sudbury; Ontario Department of Mines and Northern Affairs, Preliminary Map P.672, Geological Series, scale l inch to 2 miles. Geology 1970. 1977: Geology of the Chapleau Area, Districts of Algoma, Sudbury, and Cochrane; Ontario Division of Mines, Geoscience Report 157, 293 p. Accompanied by Maps 2221, 2351, and 2352, scale l :253 440 or l inch to 4 miles. Ontario Geological Survey

Northern Ontario Engineering Geology Terrain Study 74

MISSINAIBI LAKE AREA

(NTS 42B/SW) Districts of Algoma and Sudbury

Hulbert A. Lee and S.A. Scott

1980

THIS PROJECT WAS FUNDED BY THE ONTARIO MINISTRY OF NORTHERN AFFAIRS AND IS MANAGED BY THE ONTARIO MINISTRY OF NATURAL RESOURCES

Orders for publications should be accompanied by cheque or money order payable to the Treasurer of Ontario.

ISSN 0709-4671 ISBN 0-7743-4350-8

Parts of this publication may be quoted if credit is given. It is recommended that reference to this report be made in the following form:

1200-80-HofC CONTENTS

MAP (accompanying report)

Map 5101 (coloured) - Northern Ontario Engineering Geology Terrain Study, Data Base Map, Missinaibi Lake (NTS 42B/SW). Scale 1:100000.

Northern Ontario Engineering Geology Terrain Study 74

MISSINAIBI LAKE AREA

(NTS 42B/SW)

Districts of Algoma and Sudbury

Hulbert A. Lee1 and S.A. Scott2

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Consulting Geologist and Engineer, Lee Geo-Indicators Limited, Stittsville, Ontario.

2Project Geologist, Lee Geo-Indicators Limited, Stittsville, Ontario.

2.0 GEOLOGICAL SETTING

2.1 BEDROCK

2.2 SURFICIAL

Data on surficial geology is contained on a reconnaissance map compiled by Boissoneau (1965), but to date there has been no systematic detailed study of the map-area.

3.0 DESCRIPTION OF ENGINEERING TERRAIN UNITS

3.1 BEDROCK

3.2 GLACIOFLUVIAL

3.3 MORAINAL

tMG(RN) tMG(RN) Ground moraine (MG), composed of till (t) Hjs-D Hs-D forms a cover a few metres thick in Rams den and Mageau Townships. In places, the till is absent and rock knobs (RN) are exposed.

3.4 GLACIOLACUSTRINE

3.5 ORGANIC

4.0 OBSERVATION NOTES

The following brief notes refer to sites in the Missinaibi Lake map-area at which ground observations were made. The corresponding numbered locations can be found on the Data Base Map.

Observa tion Site Description

1 Outwash sand; terrain is low, undulating and dry

2 Outwash sand; a dry plain

3 Bouldery gravel outwash over rock knobs; terrain has medium relief, is undulating, and dry

4 Pit in esker; 10 m gravel face

5 Gravel pit in esker; bounded on west side by fault scarp and rock knobs

6 Outwash sand; low, undulatng and dry

7 Pit in ground moraine; over l m of bouldery, silty, sandy till; terrain has medium relief, undulating surface, and mixed drainage 8 Pit in esker node exposes crushable gravel

9 Pit in esker node exposes crushable gravel; road crossing esker ridges has both vertical and horizontal alignments

10 Exposure of bouldery gravelly till ground moraine; terrain has medium relief; the land surface is deeply dissected and dry

11 Pit with crushable gravel

12 Pit with 2 m face of sandy gravel outwash; terrain has medium relief; land surface is rolling and dry

13 Esker complex of cobbly gravel and sand over and around rock knobs; local relief is moderate; land surface is kettled and dry; surface and internal drainage good; high permeability

14 Depth of soil is 15 m (determined from l borehole). Drill log: medium sand; fine sand and silt; ©granite©; some ©greenstone© (Ontario Water Resources Commission 1972)

15 Depth of soil is 4 m (determined from l borehole). Drill log: ©clay© over ©red rock© (Ontario Water Resources Commission, 1972)

17 l to 2 m of sandy till over rock

5.0 ENGINEERING AND RESOURCE SIGNIFICANCE

5.1 BEDROCK TERRAIN

5.2 GLACIOFLUVIAL TERRAIN

5.3 GLACIOLACUSTRINE TERRAIN

5.4 ORGANIC TERRAIN

Drainage, flooding, and settlement problems associated with the organic terrain units makes them generally unsuitable for roads and foundations.

6.0 REFERENCES

Bennett, Gerald 1978: Geology of the Crooked Lake Area, District of Sudbury; 11 Ontario Geological Survey, Report 172, 46 p. Accompanied by Maps 2380 and 2381, scale l :31 680 or l inch to M. mile.

Boissoneau, A.N. 1965: Surficial Geology, Algoma-Cochrane; Ontario Department of Lands and Forests, Map S365, scale l :506 880 or l inch to 8 miles. Surficial geology 1962, 1963.

Bruce, E.L. 1944: Geology of the Rennie-Leeson Area; Ontario Department of Mines, Vol. 51, Pt. 8 (1942), p. 1-26. Accompanied by Map 51 g, scale l :31 680 or l inch to # mile.

Burwash, E.M. 1937: Geology of the Lochalsh Missinaibi Area; Ontario Department of Mines, Vol. 44, Pt. 8 (1937), p. 27-38. Accompanied by Map 44c, scale 1:95 040 or l inch to 1V^ miles.

Gartner, John F., Mollard, J.D., and Roed, M.A. 1980: Ontario Engineering Geology Terrain Study Users© Manual; Ontario Geological Survey, Open File Report 5288, 99 p.

Ontario Geological Survey

Map 5101 MISSINAIBI LAKE NTS42B/SW Data Base Map Northern Ontario Engineering Geology Terrain Study

Luj-M/ Stefansson

INDEXTO ADJOINING SHEETS

1:100000 02

One centimetre represents one kilometre

LEGEND

LANDFORM MATERIAL MORAINAL b boulders, bouldery ME End moraine C c-.tsy, clayey MG Ground moraine g grave/, gravel!/ MH Hummock©/moraine p pea!, mi/cfr r ruofj/e GLACIOFLUVIAL s sarjcr, GD ice contact delta, ester m sW. s/ffy delta, kame delta, delta t f/w moraine QE Esker, ester complex, crevasse fitting GK Karns, kame field, karns terrace, kame moraine GO Outwash plain, valley train TOPOGRAPHY LOCAL RELIEF LB Raised (abandoned} beach form H Mainly high toca! relief LD Glaciolacustrine delta M Ma/nfy moderate (oca/ re©/©sf LP Glaciolacustrineplain L Mainly low /oca© refef VARIETY c channelled d dissected, gullied j lagged, ruyged, cliiled y cliffed volcanic rock signature k tertted. p/ffeo CS Stope failure CT Taftjs p,7e n knobby, hummocky CW Slopewash and debris creep p p/a/n sheet: minor talus r ridged s sloping t terraced LI undulating to rolling ED Sand dunes w washed, reworked

ORGANIC

OT Organic terrain DRAINAGE BEDROCK SURFACE CONDITION RL Bedrock plateau RH Red rock k nob W rtfef RP Bedrockp/airt D D/y Ftfi Bedrock n©ogre M Mixed welanddry .©R Bedrock below a cfn©ff veneer h Suspected hiah wafer

- NftbslVIGlfsgGO) The letter codes d escribing the terrain units are made j p of tour components arranged as follows:-

MATERIAL LANDFORM

TOPOGRAPHY DRAINAGE

dominant landform subordinate landform material -tMG(RN)© ,Mu(H|)-D -drainage ^^^~ relief ol subordinate landform local relief topographic variety of dominant landform

-slash indicates a veneer of pQT/sGO one landform overlying a second landform Lp-W

SYMBOLS

Significant end moraine or linear Small landslide scar moraine-Hke feature

We W expressed drurn©ms and Sand or grave! pi Winaabaic t r dtumtinoidndgcs Quarry or mine workings All otner linear ice-flow features from airphotos or field observa tion (crossed picks are shown in Esker ridge f congruous, discon tne area of open excavation) tinuous. !he symbol does no! in Oihui man-made features dicate direction otflow) lumps. Sailings, lagoons, land- tills, etc.. t/pe of feature men Abandoned shoreline ^continu tioned where idemifiabie©i M fff/Tamaise ous, discontinuous) Qte&p©WaHed valleys, ollen bed- Local dune area (type and toca- ©ock-zontroiled features tion of individual dunes not indi cated} Talus fdef/nBd, inferred; base of talus triangle indicates down- Abandoned river channel, spill slops side of escarpment) way, or tee marginal channels. Line joining the same terrain unils Escarpment

10 location

NOTE 1: Refiecii&n p sSOJpa©T)(RN) This map is intended to be an inventory of regional engineering terrain conditions, as Rwy sgGO(tMG)(RN) determined largely by airphoto interpretation, Its purpose is to provide a guide for engineering and resource planning functions. The boundaries of the terrain units shown on the map are approximate only, consistent with a 1 ;100 000 scale Site specific investigations are required in order to obtain detailed information for a particular area. The map user should refer to the accompanying report for a fuller description of terrain in the study area.

NOTE 2: Colour is used to enhance what is considered to be the dominant engineering condition in simole, complex or layered terrain units.

NOTE 3: ; t1 Racing j Not all letter and graphic symbols shown in t he legend necessarily appear on this map sheet Information trom this publication may Oe quoted if appropriate credit is given. Reference to this map is recommended as follows:

Published 1980. Base Map derived from 1 inch to 2 miles Provincial Series Engineering Geology Terrain Evaluation by H. A Les Lee H A. and Scott S. A. Surveys and Mapping Branch, Ministry of Natural Resources. and S. A. Scott, LEE GEQ-IINDICATORS LIMITED, STITTSVILLE, ONT. 1978. 1980: Northern Ontario Engineering Geology Terrain Study, Data Base Map, Missinaibi Lake Ontario Geological Survey, Map 5101. Scale 1:100 000 THIS PROJECT WAS FUNDED BY THE ONTARIO MINISTRY OF NORTHERN AFFAIRS