DOCSLIB.ORG

The Transistor Radio 43 Typical Transistor Radio

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Transistor Radio 43 Typical Transistor Radio SERVICING TRANSISTOR RADIOS f LEONARD D'AIRO GERNSBACK LIBRARY, INC. NEW YORK 11, N. Y. TO MY PARENTS My mother, for her patience, and my father for teaching me the mys­ teries and enjoyment of electronics. First Printing - November, 19.~8 Second Printing - January, 19.~9 © 1958 Gernsback Library, Inc. All rights reserved under Universal International, and Pan-American Copyright Conventions. Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 58-13795 chapter page 7 Transistor fundamentals Semiconductor theory. Crystalline materials. Donor and acceptor impurities. Current flow: holes and electrons. The p-n junction: diode action. Forward and reverse bias. The transistor. Junction transistors. Transistor configurations. Transistor characteristics. Basic parameters. Current amplification. Power gain. Transistor l biasing. Bias stabilization. Frequency capabilities. Effects of tem­ perature. Transistor power requirements. The transistor radio 43 Typical transistor radio. The rf amplifier. Selectivity. FeedbacK components. Neutralizing the rf amplifier. The transistor mixer. Conversion gain. The transistor oscillator and converter. Interme­ diate-frequency amplifier. The reflex if amplifier. The detector. Automatic gain control. Special age circuits. The audio amplifier. 2 Class-B power output amplifier. Class-A driver amplifier. Placement of tone controls. Class-A power amplifiers. Servicing techniques 71 Test instruments. Af signal generator. Transformer turns ratio. Capacitor checker. Rf signal generator. De vacuum-tube voltmeter. Ac vacuum-tube voltmeter. Ohmmeter. Capacitor decade (substi­ tution box). Resistance decade (substitution box). Substitute speaker. Signal tracer. Transistor power supply. Component sub­ 3 stitution. Printed circuits. Printed-circuit repair. Servicing precau­ tions. Protecting and salvaging transistors. Servicing transistor radios 99 Checking suspected defective transistors. Disabling the age line. Test points in a typical transistor radio. Age voltages when using n-p-n and p-n-p transistors. Checking for if oscillation. Tracing audio distortion. Troubles in the mixer, converter and local oscilla­ tor. Troubles in if amplifier stages. Troubles in the detector. 4 Checking audio stages. Troubleshooting chart. Receiver alignment. Automobile radios 121 Transistor auto radios. Antenna input circuit. Hybrid auto radios. Power supplies. The de-to-de converter. Voltage waveforms. Auto­ matic tuning (the search tuner). Signal-seeking circuit. Interfer­ ence and noise. Sparking. Reducing interference. Generator whine. Static. Installing the auto radio. Service notes. Service 5 chart. Troubles in the audio driver stage. Troubles in audio­ output stages. De-to-de converter troubles. c:hapter page Transistor c:irc:uits 147 Regenerative receivers. Regenerative receiver faults. Adjustment of the regeneration control. Shortwave receivers. Noisy controls. Hi-ti tuners. Tuner requirements. Tuned-radio-frequency receivers (trf's). Operation of the tr£ receiver. Inserting an rf gain control. Converters. Servicing the converter. Converters for shortwave and 6 amateur radio. The preselector. Solar power (the sun hattery). Transistor kits. Trouhleshooting kits. Tests and measurements 167 Equipment required for making transistor tests and measurements. The constant-current power supply. Measuring alpha. Measuring beta. Techniques for measuring input and output resistances. Measuring feedhack and transfer resistances. Determining grounded­ emitter characteristics. Determining collector-current cutoff and 7 alpha-cutoff frequency. Measuring heta-cutoff frequency. Quick check method. Transistor testers. Alpha-beta conversion chart. Transistor data 179 Listing of the most commonly used transistors and their character­ istics. Current gain. Alpha. Beta. Alpha-cutoff frequency. Matched power gain (in db) in the grounded-emitter configuration. Collector voltage. Collector current (in milliamperes). Collector cutoff current (in microamperes). Collector dissipation (in milli­ 8 watts). Transistor interchangeability chart. When to substitute transistors. Transistor substitution precautions. Transistor terms 199 Definitions of most of the common terms used in connection with the theory, operation, manufacture and circuitry of transistors. 9 Index 219 introduction The first time I serviced a transistor radio I found that my fin­ gers were all thumbs. I knew next to nothing about transistors, let alone transistor radios. But, after working on many makes and types for the past few years, I have found that they are actually simpler to service than their vacuum-tube counterparts. They're really not so different-it's just a matter of learning a few new techniques. In this book I have tried to put these techniques into the lan­ guage of the service technician. I have also tried to present a not­ so-m ysterious view of the mysteries of transistors and transistor radios. I sincerely hope that I have been able to achieve these purposes. Many companies made generous contributions of their technical experience and know-how. I would like to acknowledge with thanks the cooperation of Bulova Watch Co., Inc., CBS-Hytron, Clevite Transistor Products, Delco Radio Division (General Mo­ tors Corp.), DeWald Radio Mfg. Corp., Emerson Radio & Phono­ graph Corp., General Electric Co., General Transistor Corp., Hoffman Electronics Corp., Industro Transistor Corp., P.R. Mal­ lory & Co., Motorola, Inc., Philco Corp. (Lansdale Tube Co.), Radio Corporation of America, Regency Division I.D.E.A., Inc., Sprague Electric Co., Sylvania Electric Products Inc., Transistor Electronics Co., Transitron Electric Corp., Tung-Sol Electric Co., Universal Transistor Products Corp., Westinghouse Electric Corp., Workman TV, Inc. and Zenith Radio Corp. I also wish to acknowledge the aid supplied by my good friend Irving Lavender. LEONARD D'AIRO transistor fundamentals TRANSISTOR is a current-operated device in which current flow A between electrodes is through a solid called a semiconductor. This semiconductor is usually a germanium wafer, although other materials such as silicon are also used. There are many forms of transistors, and there are many proc­ esses involved in producing them. Dominating the field is the junction transistor. Its low noise figure, high gain, high-frequency characteristics and high power-handling capabilities make it espe­ cially suited for both audio- and radio-frequency applications. Frequencies beyond 200 me as oscillators and power outputs in excess of 30 watts as audio amplifiers are typical of these transistors. It is this type that is commonly used in transistor radios. Semiconductor theory It is characteristic of the atoms of various elements and com­ pounds to arrange themselves into definite geometric shapes known as crystals. These solids are termed crystalline materials (Fig. 101). For example, table salt, quartz, flowers of sulphur, etc. are crystals. On the other hand, other solids such as rubber, Bakelite, Lucite, glass, etc. are called plastic or amorphous materials because their atoms do not arrange themselves geometrically, but lump together into shapeless masses. In a crystal (which may weigh many pounds, or be so small that it can be seen only with the aid of a microscope), the faces are flat and are arranged symmetrically with respect to each other, much like the faces of a cut diamond or sapphire. The atoms within the crystal are arranged in an orderly fashion to form what 7 is known as a lattice. The definition of lattice is" ... in an orderly fashion" (Fig. 102). Within this lattice there are certain loosely bound electrons in the outer ring of an atom which align themselves with the loosely bound electrons of a neighboring atom forming a valence bond between them. This bond holds them together to form the lattice (Fig. 103). The loose electrons (valence electrons) do not move beyond their shared neigh hors, nor do they move from one end of the lattice to the other. They are held within their bonds, as shown in Fig. I 04. All solids, whether crystalline or plastic, are divided into two major groups called conductors and insulators. A conductor is a Fig. 101. Examples of crystal structure. solid that permits the easy movement of electrons (conducts electricity), while an insulator does not. But, there is a group of solids that are neither good conductors nor good insulators, since they exhibit some properties of both. These solids form a third group called semiconductors. Semiconductors are solids that exhibit unique properties. When connected in a circuit in a certain way (Fig. 105), the semi­ conductor will conduct electricity and act as a low-value resistor. Reversing the connections (polarity) causes the semiconductor to act as a very-high-value resistor (Fig. 106). Selenium, galena, cad- s mium sulphide, silicon, silicon carbide, germanium and copper oxide are some of the semiconductors that have practical uses in modern electronics. ~ ~ 0 ~ I I I I I I ~ATOM 0 ~ ~ - I I I I I I I I ~ ~ ~ ~ Fig. 102. The arrangement of atoms in a crystal lattice. VALENCE ELECTRON Fig. 103. Diagram showing the valence bond that exists between atoms. Germanium is the material m_ost often used in transistors. When purified it is usually in the polycrystalline form. That is, a piece of germanium is composed of myriads of individual crystals. 9 To be used in a transistor germanium must be a monocrystal-the whole piece must be a single crystal, and the atoms must form Fig. 104. Movement of valence electrons between neighboring atoms. The dots labeled A represent
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Warburton, John Henry. (2010). Picture Radio
    ! ∀# ∃ !∃%& ∋ ! (()(∗( Picture Radio: Will pictures, with the change to digital, transform radio? John Henry Warburton Master of Philosophy Southampton Solent University Faculty of Media, Arts and Society July 2010 Tutor Mike Richards 3 of 3 Picture Radio: Will pictures, with the change to digital, transform radio? By John Henry Warburton Abstract This work looking at radio over the last 80 years and digital radio today will consider picture radio, one way that the recently introduced DAB1 terrestrial digital radio could be used. Chapter one considers the radio history including early picture radio and television, plus shows how radio has come from the crystal set, with one pair of headphones, to the mains powered wireless with built in speakers. These radios became the main family entertainment in the home until television takes over that role in the mid 1950s. Then radio changed to a portable medium with the coming of transistor radios, to become the personal entertainment medium it is today. Chapter two and three considers the new terrestrial digital mediums of DAB and DRM2 plus how it works, what it is capable of plus a look at some of the other digital radio platforms. Chapter four examines how sound is perceived by the listener and that radio broadcasters will need to understand the relationship between sound and vision. We receive sound and then make pictures in the mind but to make sense of sound we need codes to know what it is and make sense of it. Chapter five will critically examine the issues of commercial success in radio and where pictures could help improve the radio experience as there are some things that radio is restricted to as a sound only medium.
    [Show full text]
  • Released in December 1957, the TR-63 Was Sony's First Pocket-Size Transistor Radio
    Released in December 1957, the TR-63 was Sony's first pocket-size transistor radio. It's a 6-transistor superhet design with some interesting design features, including the use of Sony-manufactured NPN transistors in the circuit. Masaru Ibuka served with the Impe- used in schools and courts. much discussion, Sony's research labo- rial Navy Wartime Research Committee Following Ibuka's visionary 1952 ratory head, Mikato Kikuchi, suggested during World War 2, leaving in 1946 to trip to the USA to sign a licence with dropping Bells' preferred doping agent, join Akio Morita to form Tokyo Tsushin Western Electric, Sony acquired pat- indium, and substituting phosphorus Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha, "Totsuko". ent rights for the transistor and subse- instead. When that didn't work, Morita Morita, a physics graduate, had served quently began manufacturing portable called for "more doping"! alongside Ibuka in the Research Com- radios in 1955. It soon paid off and Sony were able mittee, and their friendship laid the to produce the transistors used in their foundations for the international pow- Early difficulties first solid-state radios. Their TR-55 erhouse we now know simply as Sony. Sony preferred NPN transistors be- model, released in 1955, is now a rarity Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo's first prod- cause of their better high-frequency and the last one to be listed online some uct, a rice cooker, says a lot about the response but were initially unable to years ago had a price tag of $US1500. company. Japan had suffered massive produce working examples. One can only imagine the energy destruction during World War 2 due to NPN devices exploit the fact that invested by Sony to leap from Ibuka's bombing and people needed utensils to electrons move more quickly than licensing agreement to a marketable cook their staple food, which was rice.
    [Show full text]
  • 03371101.Pdf
    C/64-10 RADIO AND TELEVISION IN THE SOVIET UNION F. Gayle Durham Research Program on Problems of International Communication and Security Center for International Studies Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts June, 1965 Table of Contents Prefatory Remarks I. The Broadcasting Network.............. A. Radiobroadcasting.. .................... B. Broadcasting Stations................... .6 C. Television Broadcasting.................. .8 D. Number of Television Stations............ .13 E. Radio and Television in Rural Localities. .15 II. Production and Repair of Radio and Television Sets.21 A. Radio Se s . .. .. .. .2 C. Future Radio and Television Sets...............34 D. Subscription Fees..........................,..41 E. Repair of Radio and Television Sets........,...42 III. The Administration of Soviet Radio and Television..47 A. Structural Apparatus of the Broadcasting BAFudton o eAinistration................. B. Functions of the Administration................50 IV. Programs and Hours of Broadcasting........ .54 . .54 B. Television................ .57 C. Educational Television in the USSR..... .59 D. Radio and Television in Dnepropetrovsk, Ukrainian SSR...................... * a ... 62 E. Recording of Broadcasts.................. .. .. .64 V. INTERVISION............................... ... .68 VI. The Soviet Audience....................... .74 A. Size of the . Audience..................... .74 B. Nature of the . .0 . Audience.................. .75 C. Audience Feedback and Listenincg Behavior. .0 . .77 Maps, Tables
    [Show full text]
  • Made in New Zealand: the Pacemaker Transistor Radio
    By Dr Hugo Holden called an 'additive mixer'. However, Made in New Zealand: the this is misleading because the mixing process involves multiplication of the Pacemaker transistor radio incoming signal with the oscillator signal, not addition. plus a look at mixers, RF stages & image rejection The fundamental principle of the superheterodyne (or superhet) radio involves frequency conversion. This is done by converting the received signal frequency down to a lower frequency called the 'intermediate frequency' or IF. This is why mixers are sometimes also called 'converters'. In typical transistor radios, the IF is nominally 455kHz. The following IF amplifier stage is usually composed of two transistors and three IF trans- formers but some radios, such as the Pacemaker, only have one IF transistor and two IF transformers. Most of a transistor radio's signal gain and selectivity is in the IF am- plifier. While the IF transformers are tuned to a centre frequency of 455kHz, their bandwidth is still wide enough to pass audio frequencies through to the detector. This bandwidth is typically between ±3kHz and ±5kHz. The preceding converter stage usu- ally takes one of two forms: either A vital part of any AM superhet transistor a mixer transistor with a separate oscillator transistor feeding it or, radio is the mixer or mixer-oscillator and more commonly, a single-transistor this month we take a look at how these oscillator which also acts as a mixer. The latter is commonly referred to as circuits work. We also describe the New a 'mixer-oscillator'. Zealand-made Pacemaker Transportable When the received (ie, tuned) signal is 'mixed' with the oscillator signal, radio and compare its main features with sum and difference components of the Sony TR-72 described last month.
    [Show full text]
  • Phonograph Gramophone Compact Cassette
    LIFE North Pointe – Wednesday, March 16, 2016 – 7 From the phonograph to TIDAL, the distribution of music is ever changing. The way people listen to music not only alters lifestyles, but the entire music industry. By Abbey Cadieux & Lindsey Ramsdell THE EVOLUTION OF ASSISTANT EDITORS While attempting to make improvements to the tele- graph and telephone, 1877 Thomas Edison created the PHONOGRAPH phonograph, one of the first devices specifically used for sound recording and playing back Emile Berliner founded the audio. Edison’s invention US Gramophone Company started a long path of audio in Washington D.C. Concert engineering and innovation bands and artists would that carried into the 21st come to the company head- century. quarters to record their piec- es which would be produced ELECTROSPECTIVEMUSIC.COM and sold by Berliner’s compa- ny. They often had multiple Victor Talking Machine Com- artists record the same song pany and Columbia Records since popular songs would 1925 1895 sell out quickly and making COMPACT CASSETTE licensed the electrical record GRAMOPHONE playing system developed by duplicates difficult. Western Electric. They began WIKIPEDIA.COM issuing electrical vinyl records. With the invention of the radio These records became the receiver came the transistor ra- dominant method for music dio. These were small, portable 1954TRANSISTOR distribution throughout the radios that revolutionized the RADIO mid 1900s, and remained at the way people listened to music by top even with the development allowing them to tune in any- of the Compact Cassette. where. Although first produced OBSELETEMEDIA.ORG by Texas Instruments, Japanese companies like Sony and Toshi- The Learjet Stereo 8-track cartridge was developed by ba soon began to dominate the Richard Kraus, the Lear doubled the storage of the four- U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • The Transistor Radio Handbook
    THE TRANSISTOR RADIO HANDBOOK Theory --" - Circuitry -Equipment THE TRANSISTOR RADIO HANDBOOK (First edition) -Theory -Circuitry -Equipment \c at - by Donald L. Stoner and L. A. Earnshaw Copyright, 1963, by Editors and Engineers, Ltd. Published and distributed to the electronics trade by EDITORS and ENGINEERS. Ltd.Summerland , California DiaIsm: Electronic distributors, order from us.Bookstores,libraries, newsdealers order from Baker L Taylor,Hillside,N.J. Export (exc. Canada), order from H. M. Snyder Co., 440 Park Ave. So., N.Y.16. Other Outstanding Books from the Same Publisher (See Announcements at Back of Book) THE RADIOTELEPHONE LICENSE MANUAL THE SURPLUS RADIO CONVERSION MANUALS THE WORLD'S RADIO TUBES ( RADIO TUBE VADE MECUM THE WORLD'S EQUIVALENT TUBES ( EQUIVALENT TUBE VADE MECUM THE WORLD'S TELEVISION TUBES ( TELEVISION TUBE VADE MECUM THE TRANSISTOR RADIO HANDBOOK 1st EDITION TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter One - INSIDE SEMICONDUCTORS 9 1-1 What is Matter 9 1-2 Building Blocks of the Universe 10 1-3 Atomic Structures. 12 1-4 Crystal Lattice Structures 12 1-5 Impurities 13 1-6 Junctions 15 1-7 Diode Action . 17 1-8 Transistor Action 19 1-9 Transistor Construction 23 Chapter Two - AUDIO AMPLIFIERS 28 2-1 Circuit Configuration 28 2-2 Bias Considerations 29 2-3 Stabilization 30 2-4 Transistor Impedances 32 2-5 Interpretation of Transistor Data 33 2-6 Load Lines for Transistors 34 2-7 Amplifier Considerations 36 2-8 Miscellaneous Audio Circuits 39 2-9 Semiconductor Speech Amplifier 40 2-10 A Deluxe Audio Compressor. 43 2-11The Mini -Amplifier -Modulator 46 2-12 The Mini -Amplifier #2 47 2-13 A 10 -Watt Amplifier/Modulator 48 2-14 A Kit 10 -Watt Modulator 50 2-15 A 5 -Watt Class A Amplifier 52 2-16 Sliding Bias Amplifiers 53 5 Chapter Three- R.F.
    [Show full text]
  • The Transistor Radio Launches the Portable Electronic Age | at the Smithsonian | Smithsonian
    ! " Search Search Smithsonian.com The Transistor Radio Launches the Portable Electronic Age On this day in 1954, the commercial introduction of the a new device revolutionized consumer electronics forever By Joseph Stromberg smithsonian.com October 18, 2011 Texas Instruments' Regency TR-1, the first commercial transistor radio, on display at the American History Museum. Photo courtesy museum For the first 50 years after its invention, the radio was essentially a piece of furniture. Families sat huddled around a wooden appliance, which used a large amount of energy and was too fragile to be carried around because of the breakable vacuum tubes inside. Then, on this day in 1954, the nature of consumer electronics changed forever: listeners could carry around a Then, on this day in 1954, the nature of consumer electronics changed forever: listeners could carry around a small device and enjoy their music on the go. Before the Walkman, the iPod or the iPhone, it all started with the introduction of the first commercial transistor radio, currently on display at the American History Museum. The research that led to the transistor replacing the vacuum tube was based on work done during World War II, says Harold Wallace, a curator at the museum. “There was a tremendous push during the war to reduce the size and power consumption of vacuum tubes,” he says, particularly because the receivers used in radio- controlled bombs depended on vacuum tube technology. “Not long after the war ended, the transistor was developed at Bell Labs, in 1947.” The transistor came to replace the vacuum tube in a wide range of devices.
    [Show full text]
  • How to Be a Player Making Money As a Portable Music Device Manufacturer
    How to be a Player Making Money as a Portable Music Device Manufacturer Final Paper 15.912 Technology Strategy Spring 2005 Professor Rebecca Henderson Geoffrey Coco Justin Cook Robert Stevens Adrian Tompsett Introduction For millennia, music has provided a powerful accompaniment to the events in our lives, such as weddings, funerals, and myriad celebrations. Historically, this music only took place in a relatively fixed location (e.g. where the band was standing). While there were some early advances such as the semi-portable record player, starting in the 1950s, the handheld transistor radio truly gave us the ability to add music to almost any aspect of life. Suddenly such mundane activities as riding the bus, washing the dishes, and walking down the street could be set to our own personalized soundtrack. The idea of portable music is no longer new, but the enabling technologies and the accompanying industry dynamics are still in rapid flux today. For the companies involved in this industry there are several challenges to both creating and capturing value. We explore some of these challenges and provide our assessments of the best approaches to competition. Portable Music Player Industry Market Definition Many kinds of businesses relate to the music industry, and depend on its health for their success. Portable Music Value Chain From this point of view, the music industry is the Technol ogy center of a confluence of several niche-industries, Arti sts IP Owners Recordi ng & Electron ic of which portable music device manufacturing is Dupli cat i on Suppli ers Devi ce one. It is therefore important to note that the focus Record Labels Manufacturers of our study, the device manufacturer, is a subset of Internet Servi ce a much richer ecosystem.
    [Show full text]
  • Sony TR-63 Transistor Radio Teardown Guide ID: 1219 - Draft: 2010-10-30
    Sony TR-63 Transistor Radio Teardown Guide ID: 1219 - Draft: 2010-10-30 Sony TR-63 Transistor Radio Teardown Written By: bac This document was generated on 2020-11-29 11:51:41 AM (MST). © iFixit — CC BY-NC-SA www.iFixit.com Page 1 of 14 Sony TR-63 Transistor Radio Teardown Guide ID: 1219 - Draft: 2010-10-30 INTRODUCTION This teardown comes with a bit of a history lesson :) Here's a Sony TR-63 transistor radio - I forgot I had one until reminded of it by the ifixit Sony teardown promotion. If we're going to tear down Sony consumer gadgets, why not start with one of the earliest? The TR-63 was introduced in 1957 - it was the first "pocket-sized" transistor radio ever made and the first Sony-branded product exported to North America, by the then-named Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo company (Tokyo Telecommuncations Engineering Corporation). It became a huge commercial success, over 100,000 units were sold. It seems "pocket-sized" was a bit of a marketing gimmick at the time - although smaller than any competing product, the TR-63 was a bit too big to fit into a standard shirt pocket. So story has it that company salesmen wore custom-made shirts with slightly bigger pockets to show off the TR-63's small size. But unlike desktop radios of the day which were promoted under the idea of "a radio in every home", the TR-63 was uniquely marketed as something each person could own and carry with them. A foreshadowing of the Walkman and iPod, perhaps? The TR-63 contains a whopping 6 transistors.
    [Show full text]
  • The Sony Gendis Tr-72 Transistor Radio from 1956
    THE SONY GENDIS TR-72 TRANSISTOR RADIO FROM 1956. H.Holden, 2013. History: The transistor radio era began in 1954 when the world’s first commercially successful transistor radio, the American made Regency TR-1, hit the market. Very shortly afterwards many transistor radios from a plethora of manufacturers arrived. The Tokyo Tsushin Kogyo company of Japan (Sony) were hot on Regency’s heels and brought their TR-55 to market in 1955.The Sony TR-72 arrived in early 1956. This was only a modest delay for a major practical commercial application for the transistor. The transistor itself had just been invented in 1948 at Bell Laboratories by Bardeen, Brattain and Shockley. The difficulties with early transistors: Early transistors suffered from a high collector to base capacitance. This is generally referred to a “Miller Capacitance”. The negative feedback induced by this has the effect of progressively lowering the transistor’s gain or amplification factor as the frequency increases. This makes the transistor useless as a radio frequency amplifier. In addition, if there is a tuned circuit of similar frequency in both the base circuit and collector circuit (in a grounded emitter amplifier) such as intermediate frequency or “IF” amplifier for example, or RF amplifier, then the amplifier will be unstable and will oscillate because the Miller capacitance allows the two tuned circuits to exchange energy with each other creating a positive feedback pathway. The technique to avoid the Miller capacitance problem is known as “Neutralisation” where an out of phase signal from the output (usually derived from an IF transformer or tuned transformer winding) is fed back to the transistor’s base in the correct proportion to phase cancel the current from the Miller capacitance.
    [Show full text]
  • Transistor Radio Receivers; Radio and Television Service, Intermediate: 9785.04
    DOCUMENT RESUME ID 097 471 CV 002 237 TITLE Transistor Radio Receivers; Radio and Television Service, Intermediate: 9785.04. INSTITUTION Dade County Public Schools, Siegel., Fla. PUB DATE Feb 73 NOTE 32p.; An Authorised Course of Instruction for the Quinmester Program EMS PRICE SF-$0.75 NC-$1.85 PLUS POSTAGE DESCRIPTORS Appliance Repairing; Course Content; *Curriculum Guides; *Radio; *Repair; Secondary Grades; Service Occupations; *Television; *Trade and Industrial Education; Transistors IDENTIFIERS FM Radio; *Quinsester Program ABSTRACT The course outlined is one of the required courses in the Radio and Television Service Curriculum. Mastery of the- skills in Basic Radio Circuits and Vacuum Tube AN Troubleshooting (9785.03)is a prerequisite. Bight blocks of instruction aredivided into several units each. The instruction blocks area orientation, fundamentals of transistor receivers, no signal in transistor receivers, additional symptoms, automobile radios, FM receivers, stereomultiplex systems, and a post-test. Specific block objectives are outlined. In the 135 hours of course presentation, classroom lessons, textbook assignments, construction of transistor radio kits, laboratory exercises, and troubleshooting practice are employed. An answer key is provided for the tvo-part poet - tent., and a bibliography lists basic and supplementary references and films. (AG) ABLE MSTCOPYAVM is lei Ze AUTHORIZED COURSE OF INSTRUCTION FORTHE I Pc.w 01; HEALTH 44 t; ra atirnf.;c4R8 `"ini-Zalls'411......LX . ,ti., 1,iTt 00 Plik) ,t Course Outline RADIO AND TELEVISION SERVICE - INTERMEDIATE - 9785 (Transistor Radio Receivfas) Department 48 - Quin 9785.04 DIVISION OF INSTRUCTION1173 DADE COUNTY PUBLIC SCHOOLS 1450 NORTHEAST SECOND AVENUE MIAMI, FLORIDA 33132 1 0 Course Outline RADIO AND TELEVISION SERVICE - INTERMEDIATE - 9785 (Transistor Radio Receivers) Department 48 - (uin 9785.04 county office of VOCATIONAL AND ADULT EDUCATION THE SCHOOL BOARD OF DADS COUNTY Mr.
    [Show full text]
  • Transistor Radio Receivers (AM/FM)
    535 Transistor Radio Receivers (AM/FM) PRODUCT CODE (ASICC) : 78261 QUALITY AND STANDARDS : Domestic Radio Receiver IS 615:1966 Community Radio Receiver IS 3397:1981. Utilising transistors, dry battery operated PRODUCTION CAPACITY : Qty. : 10,000 Nos. (per annum) Value : Rs. 25,00,000 YEAR OF PREPARATION : 2002–2003 PREPARED AND UPDATED BY : Small Industries Service Institute 22 Godown, Industrial Estate, Jaipur – 302 006 (Rajasthan), And Office of the Development Commissioner (Small Scale Industries), Electronics and Electrical Division, 7th Floor, Nirman Bhavan, New Delhi – 110 011. INTRODUCTION industry is highly labour intensive. The investment in Plant and Machinery and Radio is one of the effective media space requirement both are low. The used to entertain and educate the assembly of radio receiver is economical masses about different aspects of life, in small scale sector due to low culture and languages in a developing overhead expenditure compared to the country like ours where literacy level is organized sector. Radios/Car Radios very low. Considering the importance of (Low Cost up to Rs. 250) are reserved this media, the Govt. have established for manufacture in the small scale sector. a number of broadcasting stations throughout the country and introduced different programmes. The Govt. has MARKET POTENTIAL also taken steps to reduce the cost of Transistor Radio receivers are very radio and abolished the radio licence to common in India. These radios are help the ordinary household possess a generally being used by lower income radio. group people masses being one of the The production of radio receiver is an strongest means of entertainment for assembly based industry and the them.
    [Show full text]