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The PHOIBOS Mission Probing Heliospheric Origins with an Inner Boundary Observing Spacecraft

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The PHOIBOS Mission Probing Heliospheric Origins with an Inner Boundary Observing Spacecraft The PHOIBOS mission Probing Heliospheric Origins with an Inner Boundary Observing Spacecraft A proposal to the European Space Agency (ESA) for a probe of the Solar Corona and inner Heliosphere in response to the call for “Cosmic Vision” Co-Proposers Milan Maksimovic LESIA & CNRS Observatoire de Paris Place Jules Janssen 92195 Meudon cedex France Tel : 331 4507 7669 Fax : 337 4507 2806 Email: [email protected] Marco Velli Jet Propulsion Laboratory, USA & University of Firenze, Italy 4800 Oak Grove Drive Pasadena, California 91109 USA Tel : 1 818 354 4369 Email: [email protected] [email protected] The general scientific objectives of the PHOIBOS mission are being supported by a large scientific community distributed throughout the world. The PHOIBOS mission concept is proposed and sup- ported by the following people : Vassilis Angelopoulos28, Thierry Appourchaux1, Bruno Bavassano2, Stuart D. Bale3, Matthieu Ber- thomier4, Lapo Bettarini33, Douglas Biesecker38, Lars Blomberg5, Peter Bochsler6, Volker Both- mer7, Jean-Louis Bougeret8, Andrew Breen39, Carine Briand8, Roberto Bruno9, Vincenzo Car- bone10, Patrick Canu4, Thomas Chust4, Jean-Marc Defise11, Thierry Dudok de Wit12, Luca Del Zan- na33, Anders Eriksson13, Silvano Fineschi35, Lyndsay Fletcher14, Keith Goetz15, Roland Grappin41, Antonella Greco10, Shadia Habbal36, Don Hassler16, Bernd Heber17 , Petr Hellinger18 , Tim Hor- bury19 , Karine Issautier8, Justin Kasper20, Ludwig Klein8, Craig Kletzing21, Säm Krucker3, Vladi- mir Krasnoselskikh12, William Kurth21, Rosine Lallement22, Philippe Lamy23, Hervé Lamy30, Simone Landi33, Olivier Le Contel4, Fabio Lepreti10, Dominique LeQuéau24, Robert Lin3, Milan Maksimovic8, Francesco Malara10, Ian Mann25, Ingrid Mann26, Lorenzo Matteini33, William Mat- thaeus37, Dave McComas27, Ralph McNutt43, Nicole Meyer-Vernet8, Zoran Mikic42, Michel Mon- cuquet8, Neil Murphy28, Zdenek Nemecek29, Emanuele Pace33, Filippo Pantellini8, Viviane Pier- rard30, Jean-Louis Pinçon12, Elena Podlachikova31, Raymond Pottelette4, Lubomir Prech29, Ondrej Santolik29, Robert Rankin32, Franco Rappazzo28, Marco Romoli33, Alain Roux4, Jana Safrankova29, Fouad Sahraoui4, Edward C. Sittler40, Charles W. Smith44, Luca Sorriso-Valvo10, Jan Soucek18, Pavel Travnicek18, Andris Vaivads13, Marco Velli28,33, Andrea Verdini33, Nicole Vilmer8, Robert Wimmer-Schweingruber17, Gaetano Zimbardo10, Thomas Zurbuchen34 1IAS, France; 2IFSI-INAF, Italy; 3University of California Berkeley, USA; 4CETP, Vélizy, France; 5KTH, Stockholm, Sweden; 6University of Bern, Switzerland; 7University of Goettingen, Germany; 8LESIA, Observatoire de Paris, France; 9IFSI-CNR, Italy ; 10Università della Calabria, Italy; 11CSL, Belgium; 12LPCE, Orléans, France; 13IRFU, Uppsala, Sweden; 14University of Glasgow, UK; 15University of Minnesota, USA; 16SWRI Boulder, USA; 17University of Kiel, Germany; 18IAP- CAS, Prague, Czech Republic; 19Imperial College, London, UK; 20MIT, Cambridge, USA; 21University of Iowa, USA; 22SA-IPSL, France; 23LAM, Marseille, France; 24CNRS, Paris, France; 25University of Alberta, Canada; 26University of Kobe, Japan; 27SWRI, San Antonio, USA; 28JPL, Pasadena, USA; 29Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic; 30IAS Brussels, Belgium; 31Royal Observatory, Brussels, Belgium; 32University of Alberta, Canada; 33University of Firenze, Italy; 34University of Michigan, USA; 35 Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica, Torino, Italy; 36University of Hawaï, USA; 37University of Delaware, USA; 38NOAA Space Environment Center, Boulder, USA; 39University of Wales, UK; 40GSFC, USA, 41Luth, Observatoire de Paris, France, 42SAIC, San Diego, USA, 43APL, Baltimore, USA,44University of New Hampshire, Durham, USA . TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS.....................................................................................................................3 Executive summary..............................................................................................................................4 1) Introduction .....................................................................................................................................6 2) Scientific Objectives........................................................................................................................6 2.1) Explore the fundamental processes underlying coronal heating and solar wind acceleration .7 2.2) Determine magnetic field structure and dynamics in the source regions of the fast and slow solar wind.......................................................................................................................................10 2.3) What mechanisms accelerate, store and transport energetic charged particles? ....................13 2.4) Explore dusty plasma phenomena and their influence on the solar wind and energetic particle formation........................................................................................................................................15 3) Mission Profile ..............................................................................................................................16 4) Payload description........................................................................................................................19 4.1) Overview of all proposed payload elements...........................................................................19 4.2 Baseline Payload......................................................................................................................21 4.2.1 Fast Plasma Instrumentation.........................................................................................21 4.2.2 Ion Composition Analyzer (ICA)...................................................................................21 4.2.3 Energetic Particle Instrument........................................................................................22 4.2.4 DC Magnetometer...........................................................................................................23 4.2.5 Radio and Plasma Wave Instrument (RPWI)..............................................................23 4.2.6 Neutron/Gamma-Ray Spectrometer (NGS). ................................................................24 4.2.7 Coronal Dust Detector (CD)...........................................................................................25 4.2.8 Hemispheric Imager (HI). ..............................................................................................25 4.2.9 Polar Source Region Imager (PSRI). ............................................................................26 4.2.10 Common Data Processing Unit (CDPU). ....................................................................26 5) Spacecraft description....................................................................................................................26 5.1) Spacecraft architecture............................................................................................................26 5.2) Key factors for power management........................................................................................28 5.3) Spacecraft mass budgets.........................................................................................................29 6) Science Operations and Archiving ................................................................................................30 7) TRL & Key technology areas........................................................................................................30 7.1) Spacecraft TRL & Technology areas .....................................................................................30 7.2) Payload TRL & Technology areas .........................................................................................30 8) International partnership and Costs ...............................................................................................31 8.1) International partnership.........................................................................................................31 9) Communications and Outreach .....................................................................................................31 Acknowledgements :..........................................................................................................................31 References..........................................................................................................................................31 ANNEXE: SUPPORT LETTERS .....................................................................................................33 Sun's outer atmosphere, within the first few solar Executive summary radii. In this regards, there are both theoretical limi- Fifty years after the Sputnik launch and the begin- tations (in the understanding of the physics of the ning of the Space Physics era the time has come for coupling between photons and plasma) and experi- the in-situ exploration of one of the last frontiers in mental limitations (limited number of observables the solar system – the solar corona and inner helio- such as spectral lines or the hardly solvable inverse sphere. PHOIBOS (Probing Heliospheric Origins problem of the line of sight integration). On the other with an Inner Boundary Observing Spacecraft) is a hand solar wind in-situ measurements have had ac- mission of exploration and discovery designed to cess to the very detailed state of the local plasma make comprehensive measurements in the never- properties (full particles
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