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Muscimol Item No. 13667

CAS Registry No.: 2763-96-4 Formal Name: 5-(aminomethyl)-3(2H)-isoxazolone Synonyms: Agarin, Pantherine O MF: C4H6N2O2 N NH2 FW: 114.1 Purity: ≥98% Stability: ≥2 years at -20°C HO Supplied as: A crystalline solid

Laboratory Procedures For long term storage, we suggest that muscimol be stored as supplied at -20°C. It should be stable for at least two years. Muscimol is supplied as a crystalline solid. Muscimol is sparingly soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol, DMSO, and dimethyl formamide. For biological experiments, we suggest that organic solvent-free aqueous solutions of muscimol be prepared by directly dissolving the crystalline compound in aqueous buffers. The solubility of muscimol in PBS, pH 7.2, is approximately 10 mg/ml. We do not recommend storing the aqueous solution for more than one day. The amino acid γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that acts through two families of heteromeric ligand-gated ion channels, GABAA and GABAC and a G protein-coupled receptor, GABAB. Muscimol is a full GABAA agonist and partial GABAC agonist. It binds GABAA on both high- and low-affinity sites 1 (Kd = 10 and 270 nM, respectively), stimulating chloride efflux with an EC50 value of 200 nM. Benzodiazepines enhance 1,2 the effects of muscimol via GABAA without altering its binding. Muscimol activates GABAC receptors with an EC50 3 value of 1.3 μM. It also acts as an inhibitor of GABAA uptake and a substrate for the GABA-metabolizing enzyme GABA transaminase.4 Muscimol impairs memory formation and retrieval in mice and attenuates airway constriction in guinea pigs in vivo.5,6

References

1. Dunn, S.M.J. and Thuynsma, R.P. Reconstitution of purified GABAA receptors: Ligand binding and chloride transporting properties. Biochemistry 33, 755-763 (1994). 2. Parramón, M., González, M.P., and Oset-Gasque, M.J. Pharmacological modulation of adrenal medullary GABAA receptor: Consistent with its subunit composition. Br. J. Pharmacol. 116, 1875-1881 (1995). 3. Zhang, D., Pan, Z.-H., Awobuluyi, M., et al. Structure and function of GABAC receptors: A comparison of native versus recombinant receptors. Trends Pharmacol. Sci. 22(3), 121-132 (2001). 4. Krogsgaard-Larsen, P., Frølund, B., and Frydenvang, K. GABA uptake inhibitors. Design, molecular pharmacology and therapeutic aspects. Curr. Pharm. Des. 6, 1193-1209 (2000). 5. Jafari-Sabet, M. and Jannat-Dastjerdi, I. Muscimol state-dependent memory: Involvement of dorsal hippocampal µ-opioid receptors. Behav. Brain Res. 202, 5-10 (2009). 6. Gleason, N.R., Gallos, G., Zhang, Y., et al. The GABAA agonist muscimol attenuates induced airway constriction in guinea pigs in vivo. J. Appl. Physiol. 106, 1257-1263 (2009).

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WARNING: This product is for laboratory research only: not for administration to humans. Not for human or veterinary Phone diagnostic or therapeutic use. (800) 364-9897 (734) 971-3335

MATERIAL SAFETY DATA This material should be considered hazardous until information to the contrary becomes available. Do not ingest, swallow, or inhale. Do not get in eyes, on skin, or on clothing. Wash thoroughly Fax after handling. This information contains some, but not all, of the information required for the safe and proper use of this material. Before use, the user must review the complete Material Safety Data (734) 971-3640 Sheet, which has been sent via email to your institution. WARRANTY AND LIMITATION OF REMEDY E-Mail Cayman Chemical Company makes no warranty or guarantee of any kind, whether written or oral, expressed or implied, including without limitation, any warranty of fitness for a particular purpose, suitability and merchantability, which extends beyond the description of the chemicals hereof. Cayman warrants only to the original customer that the material will meet our specifications [email protected] at the time of delivery. Cayman will carry out its delivery obligations with due care and skill. Thus, in no event will Cayman have any obligation or liability, whether in tort (including negligence) or in contract, for any direct, indirect, incidental or consequential damages, even if Cayman is informed about their possible existence. Web This limitation of liability does not apply in the case of intentional acts or negligence of Cayman, its directors or its employees. Buyer’s exclusive remedy and Cayman’s sole liability hereunder shall be limited to a refund of the purchase price, or at Cayman’s option, the replacement, at no cost to Buyer, of all material that www.caymanchem.com does not meet our specifications. Said refund or replacement is conditioned on Buyer giving written notice to Cayman within thirty (30) days after arrival of the material at its destination. Failure of Buyer to give said notice within thirty (30) days shall constitute a waiver by Buyer of all claims hereunder with respect to said material. For further details, please refer to our Warranty and Limitation of Remedy located on our website and in our catalog. Copyright Cayman Chemical Company, 05/04/2011